Flight engineer course notes

Flight engineer course notes

Covers propellers, hydromatics, various valves and handling in flight, air compressors, air charging, air hydraulic strut, faults, dowty struts, pneumatics, exactor, maintenance of hydraulic systems. Covers other aircraft systems and has many hand drawn diagrams.

Multi page exercise book

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MGouldAG1605203-160708-03

[THIS NOTEBOOK HAS BEEN WRITTEN USING THE RIGHT-HAND PAGES ONLY, RIGHT TO THE END AND THEN TURNED OVER TO CONTINUE BACK ON THE OPPOSITE PAGES, THEREFORE THIS TRANSCRIPTION FOLLOWS THE SAME FORMAT]

[underlined] The [/underlined] “MILTON”
48 Pages
EXERCISE BOOK

SUBJECT {underlined] Props[/underlined]

NAME

ADDRESS

[page break]

[arithmetical tables]
[multiplication tables (extended)]

[page break]

[underlined] Propellers [/underlined]

Constant Pitch – 2 Pitch – Variable Pitch – Constant Speed. Degree range is angle between Fine & Coarse Pitch. All blades should be in some [indecipherable word] or results in vibration. Feathering is when blades are at 90° degrees to plane. When checking for 1 engine Windmilling use throttle & air speed indicator. Centrifugal [indecipherable word] moment tends to put the blades in fine pitch. Most of the blades – Dural, Rotor [indecipherable word] wood connection.

Prop [underlined] hubs [/underlined] made of steel to absorb 30 to 40 [indecipherable word] pressure. Test pitch of blade with [indecipherable word] across [two indecipherable words].

[page break]

OH Hydromatics

[diagram]

When piston is forced forward prop is feathered OH Hydromatic for 80° range. 10° - 90°. Constant Speed range 35°, from there to feathered 45°. Alterable legs on rotary cam [indecipherable word] to alter degree of fine pitch, difference of 8° between 1 [indecipherable word] on cam & 1 [indecipherable word] on blades.

[page break]

[underlined] Pressure Reduction Valve Mk II [/underlined]

[diagram]

[underlined] Operation. [/underlined]

So long as the pressure in the system does not exceed the setting of the valve the plunger will remain as shown.
As the pressure build up towards the [indecipherable word] required [indecipherable word] the plunger moves over to its seating and [indecipherable word] when pressure is reduced
The spring is now under compression so that if the low pressure drops at all it will take charge and the plunger unseats to allow air to pass through the valve once more. Adjustment of the spring determines the Low Pressure reading.

[diagram]

[page break]

58.6

[underlined] Feathering in Flight [/underlined]

(1) Press button (do not hold in) and immediately
(2) close throttle (3) turn off fuel & ignition if desired (experience important) otherwise props commences to fine off if throttle is closed first. Ensure button springs out when prop is feathered if not pull it out.

[underlined] Unfeather in Flight with cold engine [/underlined]

(1) Throttle closed (2) RPM lever to minimum R.P.M. (3) Switch on ignition & fuel (4) Partially Unfeather or allow engine to rotate at about 800 RPM to circulate oil. For this push button & hold until desired RPM is reached then pull out switch. [underlined] Note [/underlined] do not unfeather to allow revs to overtake setting of RPM lever or revs would [indecipherable word] rise to full fineness. [indecipherable word] that [indecipherable words] to prop creeping into fine during [indecipherable word] quickly push RPM lever forward. This happens when torque loading of blades is low. (7) When engine has warmed up in order to bring prop back to constant

[page break]

readings, bring the [underlined] high [/underlined] [indecipherable word] valve [underlined] down [/underlined] to the [underlined] low [/underlined] by turning [underlined] out [/underlined] on the adjuster nut. (8) Bring back to 80lbs [symbol]” by adjustment on the stop nut at the relog valve end of the cable.
Screw out to increase in to decrease.
[underlined] Relog valve faults [/underlined] (1) Brake will not apply, valve body not screwed in far enough (2) Brake will not release, valve body screwed in too far.
(3) Pressure rises [underlined] from [/underlined] maximum and falls back, leaky inlet valve, clean or renew. (4) Pressure falls & rises, leaky exhaust valve, clean or renew.
[underlined] Erratic braking [/underlined]. Clean or renew Gripping Sleeve.

[underlined] Brake Unit [/underlined]

Care to be taken on fitting new segments, that they do not butt up. Give 1/16” to 1/8” to prevent buckling. New Single Segments may be fitted so long as the above rule is observed. As long as as [sic] the brake applies and releases promptly no [indecipherable word] need be worried about.

[page break]

[underlined] Mark I Dual Relog Valve Dunlop. [/underlined]

[diagram]

[underlined] Adjustment [/underlined] (1) 80 to 100 lbs of air in bottle. (2) Rudder bar square. (3) Swivel block in line with base block (4) [indecipherable word] cable [underlined] slack [/underlined]. (5) Turn in adjuster nut on relog valve head, until the [indecipherable word] indicator gauge (T.I.G) Starts moving up gradually, turn the valve body out 5/6 of a turn. Carry out similar adjustment on both valves. (6) Retention cable and apply the grip. Both brakes should need 80lbs [symbol]” in each. Provided there is no large difference in the

[page break]

outer oil tube on splines (10) Insert Cylinder seeing that holes on cylinder are in line, for [indecipherable word] arm fillets. (11) Fit Piston in each of oil tubes and all that
key is in position. Lock up returning nut (left hand thread) (12) Fit cylinder head then lock bleed hole plugs.

[underlined] Rotal Hydraulic [indecipherable word] Unit [/underlined]

[diagram]

Serviceable to 35 [three indecipherable words]
[three indecipherable words] Hydromatic bar solenoid & pressure switch.

[page break]

[underlined] B.T.H. Air Compressor [/underlined]

Used to pump air into the container – operates at half engine speed. Idles around itself when the pressure air in the bottle reaches a predetermined figure. Must be topped up regularly with D.T.Q 72 = Treated Caster Oil. Treated so that it does not lose viscosity through temperature changes. D.T.Q 72 stores reference is 34A/5.

[underlined] Oil Seal [/underlined]

[underlined] [indecipherable word] [/underlined] (1) To seal the metal to metal N.R.V. in the head of the Compressor when it is idling.
(2) Cleanse oil of dust or moisture (3) Damp out vibration of compressor.

[underlined] Precaution. [/underlined] Release air by Air Release Valve or Draining plug on Oil Trap before topping up.

[underlined] Oil Trap [/underlined]

Collects any oil which may have been picked up by the air on passing through the Oil Seal. Drained Periodically by backing off Draining Plug.

[page break]

until clear fluid free from bubbles is given off.
(4) Reinsert valve & locks

[underlined] Air [/underlined] [indecipherable word] up oleg & inflate to given pressure

[underlined] Dunlop Pneumatic System Mk I [/underlined]

[diagram]

[page break]

[underlined] LOCKHEED AIRDRAULIC STRUT [/underlined]

[diagram]

[underlined] Changing Oil [/underlined] Deflate by locking off [indecipherable word] and expelling all air, so that Separator is bottoming.
(2) Remove filler plug and using Syringe, force in oil until no more will enter.
(3) Remove second plug & continue to force in oil

[page break]

Release to expel surplus oil. (8) [sic] Pump in air again to get leg fully extended, and to correct inflation as recorded. Strut must stand for 5 minutes with pressure unchanged. Check air every 40 flying hours and oil level every 3 months.

[a] Fault [b] Probable Cause [c] Remedy
[a] Too little Extension [b] Air Pressure too low [c] Check plugs for leaks Check Air Press & Remedy
[a] Too Much Extension [b] Air Press too High [c] Check air press & Remedy
[a] Excessive Piston Travel & rolling when turning on ground [b] Oil level too low Air Press. Correct [c] Inspect for leaks High Oil level & Remedy
[a] Leg Harsh in action [b] Oil level too High Air Press Correct [c] Check Oil level & Remedy
[a] excessive oil on piston tube [symbol] [b] Worn Gland Packings [c] Temporarily tighten gland nut – Fit new glands
[a] Leg Sluggish in Action [b] Oil attaching Packing Rings causing adhesion to Piston tube. [c] Should rectify itself after a short period of taxying. If persisting – new gland.

Name gives to [insert] treatment of [/insert] part of sustaining [indecipherable word] which protrudes – Fescalising.

[page break]

Dowty Main Strut

[diagram}

[underlined] Charging [/underlined]. (1) Bottom cylinder is filled before assembly.
(2) Strut vertical (3) Connect Oil line to charging valve from a rig (4) Pump in oil until leg is fully extended and pressure rises considerably (5) Release pressure gradually until leg is compressed. (6) Disconnect oil & connect air line (7) Pump in 50lb [symbol]” air pressure

[page break]

[underlined] DOWTY T/W STRUT [/underlined]

[diagram]

Checking oil level. (1) Weight of a/c on Strut
(2) Release air slowly on final collapse of leg a white mist should be blown off.
Changing Oil. (1) Weight of a/c on leg, force in oil until pump locks (2) Trestle up tail pump in 50lb [symbol]” of air (3) Carry out as for checking.
Check & Charge of air for Vickers leg.

[page break]

[underlined] Charging Air [/underlined]

Force in air as per data plate with leg fully extended.

[underlined] Checking [/underlined]. (1) Leg fully extended (2) Left to stand 15-30 minutes (3) Release all air through charging valve (4) Carry on as for charging.
Oil. Air – Attach pump – leg fully extended to charging valve without opening valve. (3) Force into pipe line of pump a pressure of air 10lb [symbol]” more than should be in leg. (4) Open charging valve, check on gauge on pump.

[diagram]

[page break]

around Plate Valve. Tapered Ram damps out the movement and air in the top of the leg is further compressed to a high degree.

[underlined] Recoil or Rebound. [/underlined] When the weight comes off, the Sustaining Ram moves out under impulse of air U/P. The fluid in the recoil chamber is trapped by the Plate Valve scaling up and has to pass back to the top side of the piston head through one small hole in the Plate Valve. This action damps out the recoil of the leg.

[underlined] Charging. Oil. [/underlined] (1) Leg must be fully extended. Also must be upright. (2) Attach Vickers 2 way pump to charging valve. (3) Open charging valve & oil level valve 1/2 a turn. (4) Top up cup on pump with Ante Freezing type A. (5) Force in oil until it trickles out of oil level plug. (6) Close oil level plug, uncouple pump & clean free from oil. (7) Reattach pump & force into leg 50lb [symbol]” pressure of air. (8) Allow surplus oil to blow off leg opening oil level plug. When a white mist appears at [underlined] first [/underlined] opening of plug, the correct level has been obtained.

[page break]

[underlined] Pneumatics [/underlined]

[underlined] Oleo Legs. Vickers. [/underlined]

[diagram]

[underlined] Standing Load [/underlined] taken by further compression of air
[underlined] [indecipherable word] Load [/underlined] taken by piston cushioning on air.
[underlined] Impact or Landing Load [/underlined] – Sustaining Ram & Piston move in. Oil is transferred from the top side of the Piston into the Recoil Chamber moves freely

[page break]

equal loading is taken by each unit and therefore there will be no tendency for movement when the weight of the hand is removed from [indecipherable word]

[underlined] Maintenance [/underlined] Fluid – Exactor Control 34A/119.
If immediate action is not obtained for the [indecipherable word], air should be suspected. [indecipherable words] taken through full range of travel sharply to cure this.

[underlined] Filling [/underlined] Use [indecipherable word] as pump. Disconnect union on R Seal end of pipe with finger during suction stroke 2 pumps will empty Reservoir & fill 10 feet of pipe line. All Glands and etc to be removed at least every 15 months.

[page break]

Exactor Control.

Fluid in Gelatine [indecipherable word] for use during flight 34A/129/A 34A/151/B

[diagram]

Fluid used Exactor Fluid 34A/119.

[underlined] Purpose [/underlined] fluid for operating components which one lightly loaded i.e. [two indecipherable words], coating gills.

[underlined] Construction [/underlined]
Consists of two units, Transmitter & Receiver mode in a pair movement of the [symbol] lever sends piston down, resulting in the displacement of fluid into the Receiver. The piston in the R moving up to compress the spring. While compressed the springs in either but are cammed in towards their pivoting point. Because of this, under all conditions on

[page break]

[underlined] Functioning Tests of U/C [/underlined] (1) No fouling of moving parts
(2) Clearance between moving parts and others
(3) Visual indicators functioning correctly
(4) Audible warning operating
(5) All joints in system are free from leaks
(6) Any locks provided are fully engaged
(7) Indicators function correctly
(8) Audible warning [underlined] does not [/underlined] operate on completion of lowering
[underlined] Tests of Flaps. [/underlined] – (1) Movement is simultaneous and equal (2) Specified travel is obtained (3) Indicator recording correct (4) No fouling of moving parts (6) [sic] All joints free from [indecipherable word]

[underlined] Other Service [/underlined]
No fouling, Full travel range, Locks, No leaks, Indicator.

[underlined] Emergency lowering of U/Car [/underlined]

[page break]

Care & Maintenance of Hydraulic System

D.I.
Anti Freeze Type A (Mineral) Darty [insert] 34A/43/46 [/insert] Synthetic Rubber used.
Messier [insert] 2.70 391 [/insert] Violet & Lockheed Blue (Vegetable) Pure Rubber used.

[underlined] O.J. [/underlined] Check on fluid level in reservoir. In topping up take care components are in positions specified and that the correct fluid is used.
Vickers – Dawty – Bristol } = Ante Freeze Oil type A 34A/43,46,141
Lockheed } = Lockheed blue [inserted] Grey Drums {/inserted] hydraulic fluid, { 34A/81 5 gall Aircraft Hyd Oil Red Drum
Messier } = Messier Violet hydraulic fluid { 34A/81 5 gall Aircraft Hyd Oil Red Drum

Cleanliness is essential. On no account allow water to enter the system. Check on leaks – most likely spots one at Connections to Components or where pipes join.
Dawty Systems Connections use olive adaptor.
Lockheed Connections are already belled 90° to fit pipe.
Bristol Connections are belled to 30°. 1/65 – 1/32 between pipe
[underlined] Bleeding [/underlined] (1) Keep the Reservoir topped up
(2) Select smaller end of Jack (3) Slacken off Bleeder Screw or Union (4) Pump slowly on hand pump until “Soid Oil” appears (5) Tighten union & pump jacks to end of travel (6) Reselect & carry out similar operations

[page break]

[underlined] Isolation Lock [/underlined] Prevents fluid from the lowering side of the jack from entering the dissimulator, Is used in conjunction with the Emergency Lock and prevent a double charge of fluid entering the dissimulator. [underlined] NOTE [/underlined] Lowering side of jacks need emptying after emergency has been used.

[diagram]

Messier (LINTON) “Halifax” System

[page break]

Advantage of Messier System (control)

As [deleted] in [/deleted] the E.D.P. does not operate in the lowering of any component (except in emergency), or accumulator does the work [symbol] a much quicker action is obtained

[underlined] [indecipherable word] [/underlined] Incorporate filter.
Use Messier Violet liquid, fill with components down
D.T.D. 4391

[underlined] Distributor. [/underlined] 3 Positions for lever UP, Down & Neutral.
A non return valve forms a hydraulic lock on the jacks after they have finisher their [deleted] down [/deleted] up travel.
Flaps can be locked in any position in their range of travel by returning the distributor to Neutral.

[underlined] Hydraulic Lock [/underlined]
A component responsible for locking jacks hydraulically in the down position. In order that this lock may be broken when “Up” is selected a line is taken from the “Up” line to the hydraulic lock.

[underlined] Emergency Lock. [/underlined] by turning this on & selecting down the E.D.P. comes into operation as an Emergency means of lowering any component.

[page break]

[calculations]

(1) 1200 [symbol]”
(2) 186 1/3 [symbol]”
(3) [deleted number] 81 5/11
(4) 9000 lb

Pressure in fluids is capable of acting in all directions, but when operating on a surface it acts at [symbol] to the surface. The pressure in liquid is transmitted throughout the whole of it.

[calculations]

[page break]

[diagram]

[underlined] Hydraulics (School) [/underlined]

[calculations]

[page break]

[underlined] Propellor (School) [/underlined]

The prop shaft is driven by a reduction gear from the [indecipherable word] of about .4 to 1 (Compressed Air Effect at high R.P.M.). The blade must be located so that the blade angle is decreased from root to tip. This ensures that each section of the blade is at cruising speed, at the optimum angle of attack and this gives maximum efficiency. In order to reduce the [inserted] [indecipherable word] [/inserted] bending moment acting on the root of the prop now that it is twisted. The blade is tapered towards the tip & its section reduced. It is also strengthened at the root to withstand the bending moment. Prop Efficiency = Thrust H.P / Brake H.P.
At cruising speeds 15 is about 85% and its efficiency decreases with increased speed of aircraft.
Thrust HP is work done [indecipherable words] by prop.
[calculations]

[page break]

[map]
BRITISH MANUFACTURE

[Page Break] [Notebook flipped over at this point]

[underlined] Control Valve Mark II [/underlined]

[diagram]

[underlined] Fuel Jettison Valve [/underlined]

[diagram]

[page break]

[diagram]

[diagram]

[page break]

[underlined] Dunlop Pneumatic System [/underlined]

[underlined] Heywood Pressure Regulator [/underlined]

[diagram]

[underlined] Oil & Water Trap [/underlined]

[diagram]

[page break]

speed range push feathering button when prop will find feather and then unfeather and the release button at desired revs (6) Open throttle to zero boost (7). Set RPM as required (8) Set boost as required.

[underlined] Ground Test [/underlined]

(1) Start engine in max RPM and when engine is warm (2) Open throttle to cruising boost
(3) Pull back lever to minimum RPM initalation [sic] be patient to allow oil to fill [indecipherable word] of piston. This is done by pushing & pulling RPM lever several times to operate prop) (4) Set RPM lever and operate throttle to check constant speed operation. (5) Check [indecipherable word] RPM with lever fully forward. (6) To check mags & mixture drop [indecipherable word] blocks are on fine pitch stop.

Ground Feathering
Set throttle to approx. 1000 RPM. (2) Push feather button Prop should cut out at fully feathered position & engine [indecipherable word] will be about 600 RPM

[page break]

before unfeathering allow engine to run for 10 secs to clear engine sump. To unfeather [indecipherable word] & hold in switch until revs rise to approx 800 then release button and [indecipherable words] Engine [indecipherable word] pressure, as opposed to constant speed oil pressure and at rear of piston return prop to RPM lever original settings.

[underlined] Rotal Hydraulic [/underlined]

External Cylinder type.

[underlined] Assembling [/underlined]

[underlined] Instalation [sic]. [/underlined]
Blades in coarse pitch (universal joint may drop in hub if not done. (1) [indecipherable word] prop in normal manner (2) Smear Airscrew Shaft with[indecipherable word] compound (3) Mount Prop on Shaft (4) Fit Front cone (5) Fit shaft unit & tighten with special spanner making sure that one of the slots in the nut lines up with the slot in collet ring in hub (6) See that oil seal is on shaft nut. (7) Place lock ring in position and insert [indecipherable word] (8) Screw inner oil tube in position (left hand thread) (9) Insert

[page break]

N.R.V.

Prevents loss of air from container when the Oil Trap or Oil Seal are being serviced.

[underlined] External Charging Valve. [/underlined]

Schrader Type.

[underlined] Air Filter. [/underlined]

For final cleansing of air before it enters the various valves containing Schrader valves.
For cleaning, drain off & clean felt pad as per schedule.

[underlined] Reduction Valve [/underlined]

[diagram]

Purpose. To allow a storage of a greater capacity in the bottle. The air being of higher pressure than the working pressure of the [two indecipherable words] for a reduction Valve.

[underlined] Operation. [/underlined] Balance maintained between air and Spring with Metal Bellows or Intermediary. When air is greater force – Inlet closes & Spring – Inlet.

[page break]

[underlined] Feathering in Flight [/underlined]

(1) Throttle back engine (2) Move RPM lever to feathering position (push gate at Minimum RPM Position) (3) Switch off ignition (4) Press Feathering Switch until Engine ceases to windmill (5) Turn off fuel (time taken to feather = 10 secs).
For very quick feathering (1) Move RPM lever
(2) Shut Throttle
(3) Press Feathering Switch
(4) Switch off Fuel & Ignition

[underlined] Unfeathering in flight [/underlined]

(Perform slowly if engine temp is low.)
(1) Throttle closed (2) Move RPM lever to low cruising (3) Push Switch until propeller commences to rotate slowly and thereby circulating oil (4) Gradually fine propeller a few degrees at a time, and turn on fuel and when at least 1000 RPM has been reached switch on ignition. (5) Slowly warm up engine until it may be synchronised with others.

[page break]

[underlined] Ground Test. [/underlined]

(1) Start engine with RPM lever is maximum RPM position (2) Allow Engine to Idle when set RPM lever to low cruising (3) Open throttle until there is no increase in RPM (4) then move RPM lever forward & look to check constant speed operation of propeller (5) Check Max RPM position with throttle fully open.

[underlined] Do not [/underlined] reduce revs too low with High boost. 300 to 400 reduction is sufficient with full throttle. To check [underlined] Mags [/underlined] ensure prop is against fine pitch stops. To check mixture drop push RPM lever fully forward Open throttle until max economical cruising boost is obtained or max RPM for economical cruising, whichever is first obtained then move mixture lever to weak & check RPM drop.
After installation prop is feathered & unfeathered before engine is started, this is done by moving RPM lever through gate to feather

[page break]

position then press feathering switch until blades reach feathered position. To Unfeather move RPM lever forward into controlling range, push switch until blades reach fine pitch stop. Every 100 hours (flying) feathering is checked in flight. [underlined] Do not [/underlined] repeat on deck or sump becomes filled with oil.

Loadings on Props 750 lb
13,350 [underlined] Rital Electric Propellor [/underlined]

[three indecipherable words] Mag 4 Slip rings

When [three indecipherable words] 20/000 tolerance on [indecipherable word]. [symbol] cross rails together [indecipherable word]. Fine Pitch for assembly. [two indecipherable words] between brakes 4 volts only [indecipherable word] for solenoid.

[diagram]

[page break]

Mechanically Operated Spring Loaded [indecipherable word] Brake. (When Motor is in operation near plate is held away, by action of solenoid from front plate which rotates with armature. When Circuit is broken springs push near plate against [underlined] front [/underlined] plate and prevent any overrun of the motor.

Mechanical Cut outs. There are 3 cutouts
(Release RPM. Increase RPM & Feather) 1 arm of Cutout bears against com ring. When cutout is operated by coming in contact with com it breaks circuit at A.

Bi-metallic strip used in Thermal [indecipherable word] Switch.

[page break]

[diagram]

[page break]

[underlined] Rotal Electric Installation [/underlined]

(1) Oil the splints (thin smear of engine oil)
(2) Place prop on airscrew shaft. (3) Fit split cone
(4) Fit Hub retaining nut & tighten to 150 lb ft.
(5) Fit lockplate (6) Fit Circlips onto Hub.
(7) Set Blades to Fine Pitch at Master Line on Hub Assembly [indecipherable word] & no 4 & 5 tooth on blade level is etched & should fit on etched tooth on master level. (8) If the motor has to be run to fine pitch [underlined] mechanical [/underlined] fine pitch stop must be removed and put back in reverse position. Bolt the power unit onto the hub face. The contacts on the power unit corresponding with contact on the face of the hub. Fit dust cover & brush gear. On re-assembling the reverse is done to assemble but 2 points must be observed (1) Run blades to fine pitch (2) Remove brush gear.

[page break]

[underlined] Rotal Electric Proportional Governor [/underlined]

[diagram]

[page break]

[underlined] Feathering in Flight [/underlined]

(1) Close Throttle (2) Switch off Ignition (3) Move Switch from Normal to Feather, but for rapid feathering they are done in the order of 3-1-2. (Note, Feathering without Booster may be obtained by pushing selector switch to decrease RPM position, turn off fuel & Ignition).
To Unfeather in flight with cold engine.
(1) RPM lever in maximum RPM Position
(2) Push switch to Increased RPM position & allow engine to windmill at low RPM, to circulate oil (3) By degrees gradually raise RPM until at last 1,000 RPM is reached (4) Move selector switch to auto (5) Fuel & Ignition switched on (6) Allow Engine to warm up before synchronising to other engines on aircraft.

[underlined] Ground Test [/underlined]

May be performed with still engine, except constant speed unit operation
(1) Put RPM lever in Max RPM position

[page break]

and Selector Switch Control (2) Check operation of Selector Switch by selecting Inc & Rec and observe blades & revs. Run [deleted word] to cut out at Fine & Coarse (3) To check Constant speed unit move the lever to low cruising R.P.M. (4) Open throttle until no increase in R.P.M. results (5) Move R.P.M. lever back & forth to check Constant speed operation (6) When checking at [underlined] Max [/underlined] boost & R.P.M. [indecipherable word] of High Boost & low revs.
Check mags [underlined] in [/underlined] full fine of R.P.M. lever or lock pitch of props & check mixture control in some way.

[underlined] Ground Feathering [/underlined]

(Only on Installation & Instruction). Best done with dead engine. First close the Feather switch from normal to feather. If Booster fails to operate battery is most likely to run down. Slow feather by selector in Reverse R.P.M. & unfeather by pushing selector switch to increase R.P.M.

[page break]

[underlined] Controls [/underlined]

[diagram]

[page break]

[underlined] Hydraulics [/underlined]

Liquids are incompressible. Pressure is constant. The size of the jack in any system determines the weight which it will lift at a given constant pressure

[diagram]

Simple System showing Change over lock

[diagram]

[page break]

[diagram]

Non Corrosive Ante Freeze. Lubricant
[underlined] Low Viscosity [/underlined]

[underlined] A Dawty System [/underlined]

[diagram]

[page break]

[diagram]
Dawty Emergency Air Shuttle Valve & Release

[page break]

[diagram]
Dawty Short Circuiting Valve (automatic)

[diagram]
[underlined] Dawty Hydraulic Jack /underlined]

[page break]

[underlined] Dawty [/underlined]

(1) Reservoir – Fluid Container – Compensate for difference in jack volumes
(2) Engine pump – To supply fluid under pressure to required service. Runs when engine runs
(3) A.C. Out – Automatically provides the calling circuit.
(4) Control Box – Direct fluid to the required jack [inserted] [indecipherable word] [/inserted] Piston Provide a pack for returning fluid – Provides hydraulic lock and returns fluid expansion.
(5) Remote Control – Mechanical Control in cockpit.
(6) Retractor Valve – } Retracts flow in both ways
Variable Flow Valve } Retracts flow in both ways
(7) Flow Relief Valve – Allows flaps to blow up under excess air pressure.
(8) Short Circuit Valve – Allows normal operation and forms a passage from the UP side to the down side when U/C falls under gravity.
(9) Hydraulic Lock – Provide a means of making and braking & positive hydraulic lock.
(10) Provides normal fluid & emergency air passage to U/C Jacks & allows fluid under jacks to escape [indecipherable words]

[page break]


[underlined] Hydraulic decumulator [/underlined]

[diagram]

H.A’s are used as a storage of fluid U/P for use in the system, [underlined] not [/underlined] necessarily an emergency measure.
They serve to:- (1) Assist the pumps. (2) Smooth out the action of the system.
[underlined] Maintenance [/underlined] A check is made periodically on the air pressure. Under inflation will tend to slow down the action of the system.

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[underlined] Messier System. [/underlined] (Halifax)

[diagram]

[underlined] Advantage [/underlined]

Quicker action, in lowering of components due to the incorporation of accumulation. In a normal hydraulic system the lowering of flaps & undercarriage are carried out when the engines are throttled back in preparation for landing, resulting in a slower [missing words]

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