German "Peace"
A propaganda leaflet with a jackboot and swastika image. The text gives examples of the brutality of the Nazi regime, to Germans and to countries invaded.
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One double sided printed sheet
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MCurnockRM1815605-171114-0870001,
MCurnockRM1815605-171114-0870002
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A Czech village wiped our
Barbarous vengeance for Heydrich. Account of execution of men in Czech village of Lidice after assassination of Reinhard Heydrich.
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1942-06-11
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One newspaper cutting mounted on a scrapbook page
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SValentineJRM1251404v10007
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Statement of Valentina Ciappei about John F Kerrigan and Erbert Nirton
Valentina Ciappei claims she helped John F Kerrigan, Erbert Nirton and other servicemen. On 5 September 1943, there was a round-up near Ombrone river and four prisoners she helped were recaptured. On 6 December , John F Kerrigan evaded capture and went to her house where she tendered him. On 20 December she took Erbert Nirton to the dentist and then she nursed him for more than a month. On 5 February 1944, there were another fascist round-up in the place where she was evacuated with another three allied prisoners of war.
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1947-07-14
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One-page handwritten statement
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ISRPT , C.b.b.21 Fondo Risaliti INS. 4, 056
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Statement of Nara Baldi, Gina Bigagli, Anna Bonaccorsi, and Lilia Capecchi about some Allied servicemen
Nara Baldi, Gina Bigagli, Anna Bonaccorsi, and Lilia Capecchi claim they helped, from 10 September 1943 to 22 October 1943, four English prisoners of war in the village of Cantagrillo, near Pistoia. At first, they hid in Livia Gori’s kiln, and then they moved in the woods, where the four women brought them food, clothes, and cigarettes. On 22 October, the prisoners were recaptured during a round-up in the village of Porciano, in the municipality of Lamporecchio (Pistoia).
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1947-07-08
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One-page handwritten statement
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ISRPT , C.b.b.21 Fondo Risaliti INS. 4, 204
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Interview with Coby Van Riel
Coby Van Riel was a child of about six when the Germans invaded Holland. She lived in a fishing port area of The Hague where her father had a number of jobs to make ends meet in the difficult days before the war and her mother ran a chemist shop. She witnessed the German parachutists landing and the bombing of the area and saw the injuries to the civilian population some of whom went to her mother’s shop for help. When the Germans took over the area the family were forced to move out of their house and give up the shop and they went to live in the cellar of her uncle’s café. She recalls the round-up of civilians sent to forced labour and of the local Jewish population sent to Concentration Camps. She talks about what it was like for civilians to live in the occupation and recalls the time she was asked to carry a secret message in the sole of her shoe. She talks of the Hunger Winter when people began to starve. She lost her uncle to starvation and her parents were very close to death when help finally arrived. She witnessed Operation Manna and expresses her gratitude for the efforts of the RAF. She also recalls seeing V-1 rockets and seeing the damage caused by them.
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2015-08-25
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01:20:26 audio recording
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AVanRielJF150825
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Interview with Katherine Thompson and Roy Briggs
Katherine Ellen Thompson remembers her time in Rotterdam during the war and particularly during Operation Manna. Mentions various episodes: food shortage, bartering linen and silver for food, members of the Dutch fascist party paraded through the streets and publicly humiliated, police officers concealing rations from the people, German soldiers searching houses looking for Jews. Remembers seeing the food drops although she and her family didn’t benefit from them. Mentions her relatives being members of the Resistance. Tells of food rationing and people dying from overeating after the war. Roy Briggs, a RAF veteran, remembers his involvement in Operation Manna and gives a vivid and detailed account of how they carried out the food drops. Tells of how he met Ellen Thompson.
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2016-04-19
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00:55:23 audio recording
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AThompsonKE160419
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Interview with Ruta Popika
Ruta Popika was born near the river Nemunas, in what was Lithuania before the war. She remembers her family being forced to move eastwards and westwards from Lithuania according to the changing tides of war. Remembers the occupation of the Baltic States by the Russians. Mentions various episodes of her life as a refugee: German women baking bread and handing it out to the refugees fleeing from the Russians; the hanging of Jews; Russian soldiers raping women and being spared because she was Lithuanian. Tells of her 16-year-old brother being taken into the army by the Germans. Tells of American soldiers raping women and being spared because she spoke English. She spent many years in a German transit camp and then moved to Hamburg, where she attended a Lithuanian grammar school. Her parents spent the rest of their lives in German transit camps. Explains how she never had a settled life before she moved to England for work in 1947.
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2018-08-06
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00:25:18 audio recording
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APopikaR180806
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Interview with a survivor of the Cordenons bombings (informant A)
The interviewee recalls her wartime years at Cordenons, starting from the day the outbreak of the war was announced on the radio. She describes how she anticipated the air raid siren with a mixture of elation and fear, being somewhat eager to skip school. Recounts how aircraft dropped fuel tanks, followed by explosions and fires. Reminisces over "Pippo" and its menacing droning sound, with her grandmother yelling 'that pig!' at it. How she learned to discriminate between aircraft at different altitudes and to tell the difference between flyovers and bombings. Describes improvised shelters consisting of shallow holes dug in cornfields and then covered with reeds. Recollects how women used to recite Hail Mary and the Lord's Prayer, exclaiming 'Oh Lord, help us'. Mentions evacuees from Pordenone billeted in town, German rounding-up of civilians and her husband deported to Dachau. Recounts wartime hardships such as the cold, fear and hunger. Remembers the sight of black American troops and post war acts of revenge.
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2016-11-26
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00:14:23 audio recording
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AAn00807-161126
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Interview with a survivor of the Cordenons bombings (informant B)
The informant remembers wartime episodes in Cordenons and the Pordenone area. Mentions aircraft en route to Austrian targets contrasted by anti-aircraft fire, while she was taking shelter in a ditch. Reminisces the bombing of Casarsa and the Meduna bridge. Recollects wartime episodes: bombs falling in a courtyard and killing a young boy; four Cossacks on a horse-driven cart asking for hay to feed the horses and her worries about the men harassing women; Pippo flying at night and dropping leaflets; hiding men in the barn house during roundups; her uncle being questioned by fascist militia on partisan whereabouts and weapons depots; Carabinieri guarding the Meduna bridge; collecting the silk parachute of the flares.
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2016-11-26
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00:37:08 audio recording
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AAn00799-161126
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Interview with Guido Toccacieli
Guido Toccaceri remembers his wartime experiences as a schoolboy in Milan: the day war broke out, food shortages, his father working at an airfield near Bergamo, train strafing, basements used as makeshift shelters, being evacuated outside Milan with his family, fascist militia round-ups, tortures at ‘Villa Triste’, and disposing his brother’s rifle wrapped in a carpet. Remembers the 1942 and 1943 bombings, describes the Gorla bombing and elaborates on his legitimacy. Gives a first-hand account of Mussolini’s corpse being desecrated at Piazzale Loreto and the capture of a prominent fascist leader. Tells of his brother, a draft-dodger, captured by fascist militiamen. Describes a summary of executions of fascists, and female collaborators head-shaven and paraded in shame at the end of the war. Mentions a sense of helplessness, resignation towards the regime, which changed after the bombing escalated, and describes the attacks as the just retribution for starting the war and siding with Hitler.
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2017-12-10
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00:50:49 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
AToccacieliG171210
PToccacieliG1701
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Thea Warwick
Thea Warwick was seven years old and living in Rotterdam during the war. She recounts what is was like during the Hongerwinter. Walking for miles to soup kitchens and talks about other examples of how they obtained food. They moved into the smallest room of their house to try and keep warm and had to go out searching for wood to burn. She recalls waiting on their roof for planes to drop food parcels and remembers being woken up by an explosion which was a V-1 landing on a block of houses about half a mile away from them. She remembers the Germans searching for their neighbour and standing on the balcony of their house pointing guns down the gardens for hours on end. She recalls the day of liberation and when the Canadian tanks rolled into her town. An explanation is given how everyone in the street celebrated.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Rod+Pickles">Rod Pickles</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2017-03-22
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Tracy+Johnson">Tracy Johnson</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
00:28:56 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
AWarwickT170322
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Wanda Szuwalska
Wanda Szuwalska was sixteen years old when Germany invaded Poland. The family was deported to Siberia by the Russian army. They travelled for several weeks to the Arkhangelsk region where Wanda then worked as a logger. When war intensified between Russia and Germany, they were freed and she went to Uzbekistan where General Anders was forming a Polish Army. She joined up and travelled to Pahlavi, Persia, now Iran, and then on to Tehran where she trained in an Army camp. She then joined the Royal Air Force, came to England and was allocated to 300 Squadron where she served as a clerk, directing aircraft on the ground and was a driver. Wanda married Jan Gawel who was also in the Royal Air Force and they had a family. After the war, she worked in a clothing factory in Nottingham. After her husband died, she married again. She is a member of the Polish Air Force Association and has been awarded medals and honours for her involvement in Scouts, Girl Guides and social organisations.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Steve+Cooke">Steve Cooke</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2015-09-10
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cathy+Brearley">Cathy Brearley</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Carolyn+Emery">Carolyn Emery</a>
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00:48:43 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
ASzuwalskaW150910, PSzuwalskaW1510
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force.+Bomber+Command">Royal Air Force. Bomber Command</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Polskie+Si%C5%82y+Powietrzne">Polskie Siły Powietrzne</a>
Interview with a survivor of the bombing of Berlin
She tells of her life in Berlin before, during and after the war. She lived with her mother in a block of flats close to the home of her grandparents. Her father died when she was nine years old. During the war she collected shrapnel as souvenirs to swap with her school friends. During the allied bombing she sheltered in the cellar of her block. After the war she suffered the pangs of hunger, and she describes taking silverware to farmers in exchange for a few potatoes. As part of a government scheme, she travelled to the UK to work at a textile factory. She then returned to Germany. She came back to the UK for what she thought would be a final visit but she met and married her husband.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Chris+Brockbank">Chris Brockbank</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2017-07-17
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Julie+Williams">Julie Williams</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
00:55:36 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
AAn01134-170717
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Delia Del Corto
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Delia del Corto (b. 1932) remembers daily life in wartime Tuscany, living in a family of ten. Provides details on rural life, especially home bread making, and stresses the difficult coexistence with feared German troops. Mentions many anecdotes in the context of the Italian civil war: actions of the resistance, locals being strafed, round-ups, and the killing of 32 civilians as reprisal for the death of a German officer. Recollects the day she found herself under aircraft fire while she took sheep to pastures with her little brother. Describes the construction of a makeshift dug out in a field in which her father hid and recollects how she got caught in crossfire.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Francesca+Campani">Francesca Campani</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2017-09-26
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Peter+Schulze">Peter Schulze</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
01:09:27 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
ADelCortoD170926
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Stefania Vischi
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Stefania Vischi recalls her wartime life in the Monfalcone area. Stresses how she spent long hours alone inside a shelter, frightened by explosions and tremors. Contrasts the horror of being at the receiving end of the bombing war and the strong community spirit among the population. Mentions food shortages, the threatening presence of "Pippo" and the shock of fascists round-ups. Recalls a relative who was killed the last day of war and speaks with gratitude of Allied troops who gave her chocolate, which she shared with her malnourished family.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Pietro+Commisso">Pietro Commisso</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2016-08-06
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Marco+Dalla+Bona">Marco Dalla Bona</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
00:12:48 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
AvischiS160806
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Guido Di Blas and Ilario Bolletti
World War (1939-1945)
Projectiles, Aerial
Guido Di Blas and Ilario Bolletti recount wartime memories associated with the town of Monfalcone and the surrounding area. Describes a severe night of bombing stressing the ominous sight of target indicators and loud explosions; recalls the massive loss of life when local children who were gathered to watch a magician's show, found themselves under attack. Recounts the appalling sight of many corpses placed in improvised morgues. Describes local shelters, some being modified First World War structures. Recollects a bomber being shot down and the stir caused by the sight of a black airman; remembers the strafing of a railway station when the aircraft was so close he could clearly see the pilot. Mentions various wartime stories: conscription dodgers trying to escape roundups, reprisals, the ominous presence of "Pippo", and a German armoured train opening fire. Recollects how people tried to get by and circumvent rationing: electrical supply by tapping overhead power lines, pilfering supplies from goods trains, bribing Fascist officers to make them turn a blind eye, trading stolen salt for flour. Describes post-war hardships when they salvaged shell cases and metal splinters for their scrap value, and mentions improvised pyrotechnic devices made with explosives taken from live ammunition. Recalls people injured or killed by improper handling of live shells. Reflects on the legitimacy of attacking non-military targets and the feeling of hopelessness this created. In the photograph, Guido Di Blas is on the left and Ilario Bolletti is on the right.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Pietro+Commisso">Pietro Commisso</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2016-08-26
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Marco+Dalla+Bona">Marco Dalla Bona</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
00:29:08 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
ABollettiI-diBlasG160826
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Ettore Raffin
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Ettore Raffin describes his early life in wartime Cordenons, his father being in America and his brother at Friedrichshafen. Remembers watching masses of aircraft heading north en route to targets in Germany. Maintains that bombers took off from bases in the Indian Ocean. Mentions the frightening presence of "Pippo" which bombed and strafed the nearby railway line. Stresses constant fear and recalls public executions, roundups and anti-partisan repression. Mentions occupation by Cossacks and remembers clandestine short wave radio listening to London and Moscow. Recalls the end of the war and highlights the multinational character of Allied occupation forces.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Marco+Dalla+Bona">Marco Dalla Bona</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
2016-12-10
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Peter+Schulze">Peter Schulze</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
00:23:07 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
ARaffinE161210
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Annunciata Buffadossi
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Annunciata Buffadossi recollects her wartime life in Milan. Annunciata stresses poor-quality housing in a low-class neighbourhood close to potential targets; emphasises how much she feared Germans and Fascists; and speaks with affection of her old house, a block of flats with shared balconies. Describes the effects of fire on her house and recollects how shelter life was like. Contrasts the boldness of her mother with the behaviour of her father, who was easily frightened in spite of his role as warden. Annunciata stresses her own care-free attitude, explaining how day bombings were welcomed as opportunities to skip school tests, and night attacks regarded as an annoyance rather than a serious menace. Mentions her brief evacuee experience which ended in 1943, when the bombing war intensified and the family resolved to face the danger together in Milan. Describes aircraft flying over Lake Maggiore, and how children tried to guess their target. Describes subterfuges to get food in spite of rationing, and mentions many war-related anecdotes: reprisals and post-war revenge, a draft dodger hiding in a concealed room for years, and military internees. Mentions Eugenio Bussa, one of the Righteous Among the Nations, explaining his benevolent activities, as well as his role as helpers of partisans and Jews. Tells many anecdotes of her relatives, especially in connection with the Duchess of Sartirana and her charitable activities. Describes Pippo as an aircraft piloted by an Italian American, who relied on information passed to him by helpers. Describes Americans as generally hated for the bombing of cities and killing innocent people. Links the bombing war with Italy’s change of allegiance and recognises the contribution of the allied after the end of the conflict.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Zeno+Gaiaschi">Zeno Gaiaschi</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Lapsus.+Laboratorio+di+analisi+storica+del+mondo+contemporaneo">Lapsus. Laboratorio di analisi storica del mondo contemporaneo</a>
2017-05-28
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Peter+Schulze">Peter Schulze</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
01:19:20 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
ABuffadossiA170528
PBuffadossiA1701
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Civilian">Civilian</a>
Interview with Maurizio Ghiretti
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Maurizio Ghiretti describes his early life at Monticelli Terme, a small town near Parma. He remembers various episodes of wartime hardships: food shortages, a tree taken down at night for firewood, men hiding in concealed rooms to avoid roundups, and how his father and other men escaped capture because they were forewarned by a German soldier. Describes how they ran for shelter in a nearby ditch covered by bushes, and how they passed the time there. Explains the perception of bombings among civilians, stressing how they were generally seen as the price to pay for being liberated. Mentions the effects of different operations on various cities in the Po river valley and describes bright target indicators descending on nearby bridges. Recounts hearing a siren which, in his uncle’s words, sounded like a donkey braying. Recounts of Jewish women and children being guarded in a hotel before being sent to the Fossoli concentration camp. Remembers various anecdotes of Allied prisoners of war, some working as farmhands, others building the first sewage system. Stresses how his parents never kept him in the dark about the war situation and he was always abreast of what was going on, to the point that even the children took political sides. Describes the fall of the fascist regime mentioning propaganda murals being desecrated with faeces. Recounts the end of the war when cheering crowds welcomed the Allies by waving hawthorn brushes at them, which reminded him of Palm Sunday. Mentions briefly the post-war political situation.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sara+Buda">Sara Buda</a>
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Lapsus.+Laboratorio+di+analisi+storica+del+mondo+contemporaneo">Lapsus. Laboratorio di analisi storica del mondo contemporaneo</a>
2017-05-07
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00:38:57 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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AGhirettiM170507
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Interview with Gualtiero Silvio Cosolo
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Gualtiero Silvio Cosolo recalls attending the Ceriani vocational school in Monfalcone, at this time the air raid siren went off every day and the children would run to the nearest shelter. Describes the 7 March 1944 bombing and the gruesome sight of dead shipyard workers, an event which scared him for years to come. Remembers the sense of oppression when he first went to a public shelter. Contrasted the behaviour of boys laughing out loudly and messing around, and the composure of adults who looked worried and thoughtful. Recalls the rivalries among boys from different towns and neighbourhoods and describes the blackout precautions of the dockyard workers. Recounts memories of his dad and friends who evaded roundup and managed to escape to Slovenia and later took part in the Battle of Gorizia, a series of actions between Germans and partisans. Recounted acting as a lookout when partisans used his home as a meeting place.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Pietro+Commisso">Pietro Commisso</a>
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2016-08-26
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Peter+Schulze">Peter Schulze</a>
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00:34:54 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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ACosoloGS160826
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Interview with Maria Luisa Verniconi
Maria Luisa Verniconi (b. 1930) recalls her youth in wartime, stressing how difficult it was for her mother to look after the family. She recollects adults listening to Radio Londra while the youths were on lookout. She stresses the violent behaviour of Germans troops, emphasising the unwanted attentions directed towards young women. She chronicles the evacuation to La Chiusa, where they took refuge in a cowshed, and mentions a round-up in a vineyard during which she got lost. She explains how she caught malaria and recovered only thanks her grandmother’s prayers and recalls a boy being executed in front of his sisters.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Memoro.+La+banca+della+memoria">Memoro. La banca della memoria</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Francesca+Campani">Francesca Campani</a>
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00:09:59 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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Memoro#6506
Interview with Paola Giorgina Pasini
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Paola Giorgina Pasini provides details of her early life in a family of agricultural workers and compares favourably their condition with those living in urban areas. Recalls the ominous sight of target indicators and flares, and remembers Pippo described as a harmless presence. Narratives war hardships, trials and tribulations: German troops billeted at home, requisitions, roundups of civilians to be sent to Germany as forced labourers, people injured by anti-personnel mines, fear of shell splinters. Gives an account of their makeshift shelter, dug under a haystack and protected by sandbags, and recalls how he was tasked to take care of a younger sister. Describes the bombings of the Mensa Matellica and Ravenna, the latter when she was hospitalised there. Reminisces scenes of joy at the end of the war and stresses his desire to forget the conflict as soon as possible. Maintains he holds no grudge and mentions his fatalistic attitude.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Greta+Fedele">Greta Fedele</a>
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Lapsus.+Laboratorio+di+analisi+storica+del+mondo+contemporaneo">Lapsus. Laboratorio di analisi storica del mondo contemporaneo</a>
2016-11-25
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Francesca+Campani">Francesca Campani</a>
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00:42:57 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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APasiniPG161125
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Round-up at San Giorgio Di Nogaro
World War (1939-1945)
German soldiers have entered the town square during the day and are herding civilians together by pointing guns and shouting orders. Five figures (who have their hands tied behind their backs) have been separated out and taken towards the front of a building.
Label reads “250”: signed by the author; caption reads “17 MARZO 1945.S. GIORGIO DI NOGARO UD, rastrellamento tedesco, il paese è circondato, tutti gli uomini concentrati in piazza XXo settembre; io abito in quella casa all’angolo al no 37, nulla mi sfugge dall’inizio alla fine. Ma dalla mia casa è possibile fuggire, si cercano capi partigiani i quali simulando malore, vengono soccorsi dall’ostetrica, mia madre e fatti fuggire. Un giovanissimo soldato Tedesco di guardia davanti la mia casa, in precedenza aveva chiesto a mia madre: “mamma pane, io tanta fame!” e mia madre gliè nè dà. Lui si era accorto che le persone uscite di lì, non erano più rientrate ed accorato e grato di quello che aveva ricevuto da mia madre, gli dice: mamma non farlo piu, ti bruciano la casa! Dall’alba al muro, da ore, 5 uomini, attendono, in un stillicidio tremendo il momento dell‘esecuzione, G. I. sorpreso all‘alba perche cantava per le vie del paese, al muro, in tasca teneva palottole [sic] di pistola. Se le passa in bocca, divelle col piede un ciottolo della cunetta, ed una alla volta, le sputa a piombo nella buca. E. N. è catturato con una mattassa di filo di rame, sabotatore è messo al muro il filo era mio e veniva a riportarmelo, gliè lo avevo imprestato per la pesca. Quella tremenda giornata iniziata male, finì bene, nessuno venne fucilato, alcuni sospettati furono portati via, ma poi tornarono a casa.”
Caption translates as: “17 March 1945 – German sweeping in San Giorgio di Nogaro (Udine province). The village is surrounded, and all men are gathered in the 20th September Square. I live in that house on the corner, number 377. I didn’t miss anything, from beginning to end. However, it is possible to evade from where I live. They are looking for partisan leaders who, faking a sudden illness, are aided by my mother, an obstetrician. She helped them escape. A young German soldier was on watch in front of my house. He had already asked my mother before: “Mom. Bread. I’m really hungry!”, and my mother gave him some. He noticed the people going out of the house who never came back and, heartfelt and thankful for what my mother gave him, told her: “Mom, don’t do that again or they’ll set your house on fire!”. From dawn, for hours, five men are awaiting their execution at the wall. It felt like an eternal and distressing trickle of dread. G.I. was caught at dawn singing in the streets of the village. While at the wall, he had some gun bullets in his pockets. He put the bullets on the inside of his mouth; he removed a cobblestone from the ditch with his foot; and, one at a time, he perpendicularly spat them in the hole. E.N. was caught holding a copper wire bundle. He was considered a saboteur, so he was put at the wall. The wire was mine and he was taking it back to me. He borrowed it because he wanted to go fishing. That horrible day started off on a low note, but it ended on a high one: nobody was shot and those suspects who were taken away, came back home.”
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Angiolino+Filiputti">Angiolino Filiputti</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Francesca+Campani">Francesca Campani</a>
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Helen+Durham">Helen Durham</a>
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Maureen+Clarke">Maureen Clarke</a>
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One tempera on paper, pasted on mount board
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PFilliputtiA16010101
Civilians rounded up and brutally interrogated in a farmhouse
World War (1939-1945)
In a farmhouse, three civilians are being interrogated by soldiers in fascist and nazi uniforms. The prisoner in the foreground is being tortured by strappado i.e. suspending the entire weight of the person on their wrists, which are tied together behind the back. The civilian in the mid-ground is being punched in the face, while the one in the background is being beaten with sticks. A soldier in the bottom right corner is checking a document. A wheel-barrow, two spades and a pitchfork are visible.
Label reads “218”; signed by the author; caption reads “3 FEBBRAIO 1945. PAMPALUNA DI PORPETTO UD. Rastrellamento nazi-fascista si cerca il “Mancino” Romano, nella casa colonica dei Battistella, senza trovarlo. Legano Sante nella stalla ad una fune ad un metro dal suolo appeso per un’ora, sotto le legnate, il nipote Onorio Barbuio era impiccato per il collo fino all’esaurimento, dietro la porta della stalla, Garbuio Sebastiano dietro il pagliaio percosso a sangue”.
Caption translates as: “3 February 1945. Pampaluna di Porpetto (Udine province). Nazi-Fascist mop-up: they are looking for Romano 'the left handed' inside Battistella farmhouse. They did not find him. They beat Sante for one hour and then hung him in the barn, one metre above the ground. His nephew, Onorio Barbuio, was hanged by the neck until exhaustion. Behind the hay barn door, Sebastiano Garbuio was severely beaten."
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Angiolino+Filiputti">Angiolino Filiputti</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Francesca+Campani">Francesca Campani</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Alessandro+Pesaro">Alessandro Pesaro</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Helen+Durham">Helen Durham</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Giulia+Banti">Giulia Banti</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Maureen+Clarke">Maureen Clarke</a>
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One tempera on paper, pasted on mount board
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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PFilliputtiA16010087
Rounding-up of civilians
World War (1939-1945)
Civilians suspected of helping partisans are driven away in a lorry. Four armed fascists are featured in different poses. In the foreground, a woman kneels in front a man in uniform, her hands held in supplication.
Label reads “171”, signed by the author, caption reads “(12°)… 12 civili sospetatti di attività partigiana vengono portati alle carceri di palmanova UD.”
Caption translates as: “(5)…12 civilians suspected of being partisans were carried to the Palmanova (Udine province) jail.”
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=IBCC+Digital+Archive">IBCC Digital Archive</a>
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One tempera on paper, pasted on mount board
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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PFilliputtiA16010069