... just ... Chapters in a Life .. and some History
A detailed autobiography by Ivan Ure.
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1997
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140 printed sheets
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BUreILUreILv1
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1000 Bombern
Propaganda leaflet aimed at the German-speaking population. Page 1 announces that the first two 1000 bomber attacks have taken place and promises more. Page 2 gives quotes from allied leaders outlining the rights a defeated Germany could expect from the Allies and calls on Germans themselves to defeat Hitler and end the war.
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Two sides of a printed sheet
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SCavalierRG1264567v10008-0001, SCavalierRG1264567v10008-0002
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50,000 of RAF's 110,000 Bomber men Died - Harris
Newspaper cutting reporting number of bomber command aircrew killed and comparing it to combined Army casualties from D-Day to the end of the war.
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One newspaper cutting
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NSimpsonHEW170313-01
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A History Corrected
A poem about Churchill and the absence of a medal for Bomber Command.
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Two printed sheets
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MTaplinJA1268696-160105-01
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A survivor of the Voghera bombings (informant A)
The informant reminisces about her wartime experiences in the Voghera countryside, at the time when her three brothers where enlisted and it was hard for her parents to run the farm.
She remembers how she narrowly escaped an aircraft trying to machine gun her by covering with a blanket and throwing herself into a ditch, and then describes the 25 August 1944 bombing on Voghera. Narrates how she was at home with her sister in law when the alarm sounded three times, the signal for imminent danger. She dashed outside trying to stop people pilfering fruit at her parent’s farm, as they routinely did during alarms. Recollects the aftermath of the attack, with hundreds of death and injured people and stresses the fact that Voghera was a local railroad hub with a significant military presence, thus a legitimate target. Reports an anecdote of five people died the last day of war, killed by a bomb dropped by Pippo. Describes shelters dug by country people in the ground and protected by hay bales; compares these makeshift solutions with proper shelters in urban areas. Stresses the fact that the bombing war has haunted her for the rest of her life, being still scared by the droning sound of aircraft at night.
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2017-04-19
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00:13:25 audio recording
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AAn00976-170419
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Arthur Harris Notes
Notes written by Arthur Harris to Hamish Mahaddie about Bomber Command. Included is a signed photograph of Arthur T Harris.
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One photograph and two typewritten sheets
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MNealeETH1395951-150731-0850001,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0850002,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0850003
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Bill Lucas, a short account of his Royal Air Force service
A little about his pre service life and his time on 9, 15 and 162 Squadrons. It mentions his interest in the Green Park Bomber Command Memorial and the IBCC.
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Two typewritten pages
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B[Author]LucasWEv10001, B[Author]LucasWEv10002
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Bill Thomas memoir
He describes his first interest in the RAF, in 1938. He joined the Air Defence Cadet Corps, and later in 1941 the Air Training Corps. He was called up by the RAF in February 1942, and proceeded through initial training and the Initial Training Wing at Aberystwyth. Here he was promoted to leading aircraftsman. Having failed his pilots course, he was subsequently sent to Moncton Canada in late November 1942. Following a number of postings including bombing and gunnery school and navigation he was shipped home on the Aquitania back to the UK in December 1943. In early 1944 he was posted to Wigtown to train as a bomb aimer. He reported to 28 Operational Training Unit in late May 1944 where he crewed up. After flying in Wellingtons he passed through the Heavy Conversion Unit at RAF Sandtoft and the Lancaster Fininshing School at RAF Hemswell. He joined 166 Squadron, his flight forming 153 Squadron, which moved to Scampton, and on 31st October 1944 carried out his first operation on Cologne. He continued on operations including the attack on Dresden on 13th February 1945. On completion of his tour he trained as an equipment officer. He was released by the RAF in July 1946 and returned to his job with Cornwall County Council, He eventually moved to Morpeth in Northumberland and maintained his links with the 153 Squadron Association.
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2015-07-11
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Eight typewritten pages
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MThomasWH152984-150721-01
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Bomber Command and Notes of Some of My Experiences During 1941-1945
Reg summarises Bomber Command's role in the war then details his personal experiences from training days. He covers in detail the navigational techniques he used. He describes the operation he was on when he was shot down.
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2000-01
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22 printed sheets
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BWilsonRCWilsonRCv1
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Correspondence concerning Laurence Larmer's regrets over the cities he bombed during the Second World War
A decorated Australian World War II heavy bomber pilot has cleared his conscience after the war's end, by penning an apology to the German towns he bombed
1 - news cutting concerning a 92 year old Second World War veteran penning an apology for bombing German cities. 2 - letter from Laurence Larmer while offering no apology, regretting that the operation he flew on 11 April 1945 resulted in the loss of innocent civilians. 3 - six letters between Laurence Larmer's daughter and the Germany Embassy in Canberra, Australia concerning establishing which cities were involved and passing on Mr Larmer's letters. 4 - letter from the mayor of Wangerooge thanking Mr Larmer's for his letter and describing that it was read to current school children as part of commemoration of the bombing. 5 - letter of thanks from mayor of Boizenburg. 6 - letter of thanks from lord mayor of Hagen. 7 - letter of thanks from the Oberbürgermeister of Dortmund. 8 - letter of thanks from the Oberbürgermeisterof of Homberg. 9 - letter from Mr Larmer to the German ambassador mentioning the replies from German cities and thanking him for help.
This item has been redacted in order to protect the privacy of the lender and third parties.
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2015-03
2015-04
2015-05
2015-06
2015-08
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One newspaper cutting and 13 letters
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MLarmerLO430037-151112-01
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Dr Maurice Brook Interview
Maurice grew up Rothwell in Yorkshire, joining the Air Training Corp, and going into the Royal Air Force after spending time with Cambridge University Air Squadron at the age of 18. He completed his pilot training in Canada before going to the Advance Flying Training unit in RAF Millom, Cumberland. Maurice then tells of meeting up with his crew in RAF Husbands Bosworth, of several incidents with his Pilot and his training on Handley Page Halifaxes. He was then posted to RAF Sturgate, flying in Halifaxes and collecting a new pilot, who managed to land the aircraft after a tyre burst. Maurice was then posted to 625 Squadron at RAF Kelstern, flying Lancasters, and he tells of some of his operations and his memories of the losses of other aircraft. He tells of an operation to Nordhausen where they were to bomb a V2 rocket site, and his encounter with a German film maker who was making a documentary about the attack called “The Last Survivors”. Maurice completed 15 operations including a mine laying operation to Kiel Harbour and the oil refineries at Plowen, and he tells how he used his astronavigation training after power had gone to his radar. He also took part in Operation Manna, dropping food supplies to the people of Holland. After the war, Maurice went to University to do Biological Studies and then he got a job with Boots company in Nottingham doing Agricultural and Horticultural research before joining the Beecham Group, where he help the position of Director of Research of the Consumer Products Group.
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2017-01-09
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01:03:20 audio recording
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ABrookM170109, PBrookM1702
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Fifty years on
Poem of four verses of seven lines each in remembrance of those who flew and the freedom that they died for.
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One-page typewritten poem
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MCatlingBG3005381-151228-03
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Four Newspaper cuttings
Item 1 refers to a protest from Dresden over a statue to Sir Arthur Harris.
Item 2 is a letter thanking Sir Arthur Harris from a couple bombed out of their home in Liverpool.
Item 3 is an article titled 'Remembering Bomber H'.
Item 4 is a letter from Group Captain Lord Cheshire arguing the bombing was justified.
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1991-10
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Four newspaper cuttings on an album page
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PThomasAF20050044
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Ghosts will be laid to rest
103 Squadron veteran Don Charlwood revisits Elsham Wolds
Veteran Don Charlwood served with 103 squadron and has written a book 'No Moon Tonight' about his wartime experiences. This cutting describes his return visit to Elsham Wolds and Scunthorpe where he spent a lot of his wartime social life. There is a photograph of Don Charwood with his wife, Nell and daughter, Doreen and wartime friends Paul Lowery, Ern and Gladys Hatcliffe. He stayed with Sylvia Lowery, the niece of his mid-upper gunner, Frank Holmes.
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One newspaper cutting on an album page
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SMarshallS1594781v10033
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H Adams memoir - training and operations
Shows maps of North Wales and the Midlands as well as an explanation of the Douglas protractor as well as diagrams of the Dalton computer and photographs of Wellington. Describes training at RAF Lichfield from end of March to 21 June 1944. Shows photograph of his crew which he describes as well as crewing up process. Describes navigation techniques in great detail using air position indicator, GEE and astro and crew navigation procedure. Describes first trip in Wellington as well as subsequent training flights. Goes on to describe post course leave including visits to the theatre and historical places in London as well as other activities. Goes on to describe training at RAF Swinderby on Heavy Conversion Unit flying Stirling. Describes flights including one hairy landing. Then moved to Syerston where they did Lancaster Finishing School before moving to RAF Waddington 467 Squadron. Describes arrival on squadron and first operation to Le Havre. Writes that because of short trips during Normandy campaign tours were now extended to 36 trips as well as describing bomber command's targeting strategy. Then provides some extracts from "The Hardest Victory - RAF Bomber Command in WWII by Dennis Richards". Followed by photographs of people and aircraft.
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Twenty-eight page handwritten document
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BPattisonLEPattisonLEv2
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Hell itself seems to have broken loose over us
Newspaper article explaining the effect of RAF Bomber Commands operation against Germany. Comments on superior equipment and single minded strategy. Compares allied bombing strategy to the failure of the German air force's efforts and suggests reasons..
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One newspaper cutting
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NSimpsonHEW170313-02
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Henry Wagner's life story. Part one
Hand written by Henry, Part 1 covers his early life and time at university. It goes on to cover in some detail his time in the RAF, his time training in South Africa conversion to the Halifax and operations on 51 Squadron. It also covers his time as a prisoner of war and his post war career as a teacher in both England and Kenya. This part also covers his marriage, two children and their first house.
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153 hand written pages with photographs
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BWagnerHWWagnerHWv1-01
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If you can't take a joke...
A detailed account of Ken Thomas's life from his early years at school, through his ground crew technical training followed by his aircrew training, operational tour, short post war service and his civilian career, he revised the account in 2005.
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2005-02
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Peter+Bradbury">Peter Bradbury</a>
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19 typewritten pages
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BThomasWKthomasWKv10001 to 10019
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In Bomber Command
Writes of training and briefly about operations on 467 Squadron. Continues to describe events after finishing his tour when he was training crews destined for Tiger Force as well as other training tasks. Writes of a training crash of a Lancaster killing all crew. Provides comments on firestorms and goes on to mention weaving, corkscrewing and banking prior to window. Writes about the introduction of Schrage Musik and that the air force deliberately kept quite about it. Continues with accounts of his crews tactics when engaged by fighters and anti-aircraft. Concludes with comments about bombing strategies in 1944 including being taken off operations against Germany for D-Day preparation.
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Five page handwritten document
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BAdamsHGAdamsHGv1
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force.+Bomber+Command">Royal Air Force. Bomber Command</a>
Interview with a navigator from 101 Squadron
He was born in London and worked for some time as a clerk until joined up the Royal Air Force. He did not like the idea of serving in the Army or in the Navy but - as a Londoner - he was keen to take part in the war having experienced the Blitz. He trained in America as pilot, but failed and re-mustered as a navigator at Portage la Prairie, west of Winnipeg (Manitoba, Canada) where he learned astro navigation. Back in England, he crewed up RAF Wymeswold, then trained on Lancasters at RAF Blyton before being posted to 101 Squadron. They were joined by an additional crew member who spoke German and could disrupt night fighters radio communication. During his first operation he saw the target with all bomb flashes and exclaimed: 'bloody hell' - he never left his post to see the effects of a bombing until his last trip. One of his tasks was to note every aircraft shot down, as communicated by the pilot: these pieces of intelligence were then combined as to ascertain where the aircraft were lost. He remembered how they survived a mid-air collision, but the other crew did not; and another incident in which they lost an engine and his pilot, had to decide whether or not they should go on. Retells how the Germans salvaged Gee equipment from crashed aircraft and were able to jam it; the last reliable Gee signal was picked up near the French coast. He recollects that a flight engineer couldn’t cope with pressure when they lost the engine: he panicked and laid on the floor for the whole time. They had to replace him with another one. He ascribed survival to both camaraderie and sheer luck, which includes mascots. He had a little doll inside his battledress, and their Canadian rear gunner used to bring two beer bottles so that he could ‘bomb’ the target himself. One time, since he did not have the beer bottles, the station commander himself went back to the mess so that he could have his beer bottles with him, and he was happy that he could bomb Germany. He said that some reacted in different ways to operations: even if the opertions took a heavy toll on them, this did not automatically equate to lack of moral fibre. Their flight engineer wasn’t a case of that, if he was, he would have had his stripes torn off his uniform while being marched away. He himself, the German speaker special operator, and the wireless operator felt less stressed, being busy all the time inside the aircraft. On the contrary, the rest of the crew could see the operation unfold in front of their eyes. He mentioned an operation to Nuremberg in which they lost a quarter of the squadron. They lost the most experienced crews, who were at their twenty-ninth or thirtieth trip, because of friendly fire. He recollects a corporal serving as ground crew: he was very close to him and to the rest of the crew. He never wanted to be promoted as this would have meant being separated from ‘his’ aircraft. Losses were so high that he could not afford the luxury of befriending other crews. He stressed that he was ‘an individual only when he was attending briefings’, then he became part of his crew. While not on operational flights he took part in fighter affiliation exercises in which they simulate combat situations. He points out the sense of belonging despite individual differences: the pilot a ‘Geordie’, the engineer from Lancashire, the bomb aimer from Birmingham, he himself from London, the wireless operator from Wales, the mid upper gunner from Lancashire, the special operator from Norfolk and the rear gunner from Canada. He did not consider himself a hero, but merely did his job in an impersonal way - bombing Germany was bombing the enemy. Despite having lost relatives during the Blitz, he did not have hatred: that was war. In a total war, the distinction between civilians and combatants fades. After the war, he realised how many people achieved nothing and wasted their lives.
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2015-09-07
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01:00:24 audio recording
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AAn00202-150907
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force.+Bomber+Command">Royal Air Force. Bomber Command</a>
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Interview with a survivor of the Cordenons bombings (informant A)
The interviewee recalls her wartime years at Cordenons, starting from the day the outbreak of the war was announced on the radio. She describes how she anticipated the air raid siren with a mixture of elation and fear, being somewhat eager to skip school. Recounts how aircraft dropped fuel tanks, followed by explosions and fires. Reminisces over "Pippo" and its menacing droning sound, with her grandmother yelling 'that pig!' at it. How she learned to discriminate between aircraft at different altitudes and to tell the difference between flyovers and bombings. Describes improvised shelters consisting of shallow holes dug in cornfields and then covered with reeds. Recollects how women used to recite Hail Mary and the Lord's Prayer, exclaiming 'Oh Lord, help us'. Mentions evacuees from Pordenone billeted in town, German rounding-up of civilians and her husband deported to Dachau. Recounts wartime hardships such as the cold, fear and hunger. Remembers the sight of black American troops and post war acts of revenge.
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2016-11-26
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00:14:23 audio recording
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AAn00807-161126
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Interview with a survivor of the Voghera bombings (informant B)
The informant recollects his wartime memories in Voghera. Emphasises how bombings, strafing, and Pippo flying at night became part of everyday life and how the population tried to cope. Gives a vivid and detailed account of the August 1944 bombing, which was labelled “terrorist” by many. Narrates how he barely managed to survive it and recollects the unreal contrast between the sunny weather and widespread devastation. Mentions various episodes: helping extricating dead and wounded people from the rubble; draft dodgers; inter-connected cellars and dug-out trenches used as makeshift shelters. Stresses the feeling of resentment and anger harboured towards the dictatorship; enduring the bombings while waiting for the end of the war and the arrival of the Allies. Remembers the first time the street lights were turned on after five years of wartime blackout. Tells of his uncle, a railwayman, pilfering grain. Mentions Brasilian soldiers handing out chocolate at end of the war.
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2017-08-29
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00:29:53 audio recording
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An01183
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Interview with Adolph Galland
General Adolph Galland remembers his early life and subsequent career as a Luftwaffe pilot. Recounts various episodes: flying gliders as a young boy; changes in Luftwaffe fighting tactics during the Spanish civil war; the Luftwaffe refraining from engaging Fighter Command as to bomb London; arguments he had with Herman Göring and other high-ranking officers over the conduct of war. Explains how the Allies day and night operation strategy forced the Luftwaffe to build up a night-fighter force, previously non-existing. Tells of his brothers and their military careers. Remembers his encounter with Group Captain Douglas Bader. Compares technical performance of German and British aircraft, particularly Fw 190, Me 262 and Spitfire. Discusses the downsides of the planned 162 aircraft. Remembers the struggles to turf wars to rebuild the Luftwaffe at the end of both World Wars.
This item is available only at the International Bomber Command Centre / University of Lincoln.
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This content is a transcription of a video interview taped by a third party. It is available here as derivative work under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Transcription of 01:55:40 audio recording
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VGallandAJF[Date]
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force.+Bomber+Command">Royal Air Force. Bomber Command</a>
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Interview with Adriana Ventriglia
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Adriana Ventriglia remembers the bombings of Milan. She provides details about her evacuee life in the Lodi countryside and describes how her father was injured in a train strafing. Mentions her early life in a mixed family, the impact on anti-Semitic laws, and how her grandmother was deported, never to return. Recalls life under the bombs, civil defence precautions and the atmosphere inside a shelter. Stresses how her parents tried to spare her as much hardship as possible and describes war as a relatively care-free period. Mentions Pippo and describes how her sister tried to cope with its menacing presence.
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Lapsus.+Laboratorio+di+analisi+storica+del+mondo+contemporaneo">Lapsus. Laboratorio di analisi storica del mondo contemporaneo</a>
2017-05-07
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Peter+Schulze">Peter Schulze</a>
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
00:15:50 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=ita">ita</a>
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AVentrigliaA170507
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Interview with Adriano Landini
World War (1939-1945)
Bombing, Aerial
Adriano Landini (b. 1930) recalls his childhood living in the poor Santa Croce neighbourhood in Reggio Emilia. Describes the profound sense of solidarity in wartime, stressing the community spirit among the so-called "popol giost" (the salt of the Earth). Narrates the role played by local fascist leaders in managing every-day problems, describes wartime hardships and explains the tricks he contrived to survive: stealing wooden posts, trading salt on the black market, pilfering food in cahoots with a railway policeman. Narrates how he broke into a magazine during a curfew, an action that allowed members of the Italian resistance to capture much needed ammunition - for this reason he has been later equated to a fully-fledged partisan. Recollects how he was wounded by a hand grenade while pillaging barracks on the last days of the war. Recalls two bombings and how he took cover in a vast public shelter. The first attack hit the power plant and the second the hospital, both caused many injuries. Stresses he was aware of the difference between night bombing, carried out the Royal Air Force and daylight bombing, which was the preserve of the United States Army Air Force. Hints at the gruesome sight of dismembered corpses and explains his role in the memorisation of the event. Gives a vivid testimony of the pillaging of barracks and fascist headquarters immediately after the fall of the regime. Provides a detailed account of his post war life: first his short-lived career as an athlete, then being employed in a leather factory where he worked his way up from ragged delivery boy to manager. Upon retirement he took an active role in the Associazione nazionale vittime civili di guerra becoming a prominent figure. Stresses the importance of keeping the memory of the Holocaust alive and highlights the differences between civil ethics in Germany and Italy.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Giulia+Bizzarri">Giulia Bizzarri</a>
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=45&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Istituto+per+la+storia+della+Resistenza+e+della+societ%C3%A0+contemporanea++%28Reggio+Emilia%29">Istituto per la storia della Resistenza e della società contemporanea (Reggio Emilia)</a>
2017-04-14
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
01:03:34 audio recording
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ALandiniA170414
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>