1
25
118
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2357/45510/MFoskettW1323050-230609-040001.2.jpg
09ed3f14956266d7813d260ed889cdbd
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2357/45510/MFoskettW1323050-230609-040002.2.jpg
fb301166dce2a0cf1d483b4d973cfd38
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Foskett, William
Description
An account of the resource
104 items. The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant William Foskett (b. 1921, 13230505 Royal Air Force) and contains his log books, correspondence, documents, and photographs.
He flew operations as an air gunner and navigator with 214 Squadron. After the war, he was stationed in Italy, France, Germany and North Africa.
The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Peter Foskett and catalogued by Barry Hunter with the assistance of Roberto Bassi of the Aeroclub Friulano Campoformido.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-04-07
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Foskett, W
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Room Arrangement AM Inspection
Description
An account of the resource
Instructions on how rooms are to be maintained.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One double sided typewritten sheet
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MFoskettW1323050-230609-040001, MFoskettW1323050-230609-040002
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription
aircrew
military discipline
military living conditions
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2357/45498/BFoskettPFoskettWv10001.2.pdf
1e32f0979d6f8582065d5bcd7478fb75
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2357/45498/BFoskettWFoskettWv1.1.pdf
5e4f3f62707e45d0d483e2322db61d69
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Foskett, William
Description
An account of the resource
104 items. The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant William Foskett (b. 1921, 13230505 Royal Air Force) and contains his log books, correspondence, documents, and photographs.
He flew operations as an air gunner and navigator with 214 Squadron. After the war, he was stationed in Italy, France, Germany and North Africa.
The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Peter Foskett and catalogued by Barry Hunter with the assistance of Roberto Bassi of the Aeroclub Friulano Campoformido.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-04-07
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Foskett, W
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bill Foskett Biography Chapter One
Description
An account of the resource
The first of three chapters of Bill's wartime service.
There is a second copy with handwritten edits.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Oxford
England--London
England--Newquay
United States
Georgia--Macon
Canada
Ontario--Picton
Germany
Germany--Berlin
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
10 printed sheets
14 printed sheets
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
BFoskettPFoskettWv10001, BFoskettWFoskettWv1
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Foskett, William. Biography
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription
Absent Without Leave
aircrew
Initial Training Wing
lack of moral fibre
military discipline
observer
pilot
RAF Northolt
Spitfire
Stearman
Tiger Moth
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2563/44428/MParryWE1172401-220531-06.1.pdf
d7b2535d59dc5249b5da2b66d602bece
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Parry, William Edward
Parry, W E
Description
An account of the resource
34 items. The collection concerns Pilot Officer William Edward Parry DFC (1912 - 1996, 1177401 Royal Air Force) and contains his decorations, documents and photographs. He flew operations as a pilot with 9 Squadron.
The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Frances Lee and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-05-31
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Parry, WE
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Andover's Lancasters
Description
An account of the resource
A lecture given to Andover's Archaeology and Local History Society on 23 February 1996.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1996-02-23
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Andover
Germany
Germany--Essen
Germany--Krefeld
Germany--Berlin
Germany--Nuremberg
France
France--Paris
Germany--Munich
Germany--Dortmund-Ems Canal
Italy
Italy--La Spezia
Poland--Szczecin
Germany--Ruhr (Region)
Germany--Oberhausen (Düsseldorf)
Poland
Germany--Braunschweig
England--Great Yarmouth
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Personal research
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Eight printed sheets
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MParryWE1172401-220531-06
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
156 Squadron
44 Squadron
50 Squadron
617 Squadron
9 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
anti-aircraft fire
bomb aimer
bombing of Nuremberg (30 / 31 March 1944)
crash
ditching
flight engineer
Grand Slam
Harris, Arthur Travers (1892-1984)
killed in action
Lancaster
Lancaster Mk 1
Lancaster Mk 3
military discipline
navigator
Operational Training Unit
Pathfinders
pilot
prisoner of war
RAF Bardney
RAF Dunholme Lodge
RAF hospital Rauceby
RAF Skellingthorpe
RAF Upwood
RAF Warboys
Spitfire
take-off crash
Tallboy
Tirpitz
wireless operator
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2259/41560/AExtonWallaceJ[Date]-04.mp3
fa3cadb4596b8065645d48a1b4238580
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Exton, Joyce
Wallace, Joyce
Spencer, Joyce
Description
An account of the resource
31 items.
The collection concerns Joy Wallace (b. 1923, Royal Air Force) and contains photographs and her audio recollections from the war. She served in Balloon Command.
The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Tracy Louise Sparkes and catalogued by Lynn Corrigan.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-03-06
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
ExtonWallace, J
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interview with Joyce Exton Wallace. Four
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--London
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Balloon Command
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Sound
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
00:01:31 audio recording
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending OH transcription
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
AExtonWallaceJ[Date]-04
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Exton Wallace, Joyce. Interview
Description
An account of the resource
Joyce Exton Wallace recalls being put on a charge for insolence to a non commissioned officer. Joyce and her colleagues had missed the last train back to camp at Stanmore after attending a dance. She was reprimanded for reacting inappropriately to the sergeant when told she was wearing her respirator incorrectly.
ground personnel
military discipline
RAF Stanmore Park
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2191/39805/BReidKReidKv4.1.pdf
66df4b2fa31ae8be83a82369463a6990
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reid, Kathleen
Reid, K
Reid, Kathryn
Reid, Katy
Description
An account of the resource
92 items and a <a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/2219">sub-collection with thirty-seven poems/songs</a>. The collection concerns Kathryn (Katy) Reid (Royal Air Force) and contains memoirs, correspondence, poems and photographs. The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by David Stuart Miers Reid and catalogued by Nigel Huckins
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-23
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Reid, K
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Draft life story
Description
An account of the resource
Starts with birth and childhood and description of living conditions. Discontinuous pages follow. Description of training instruction. Next page describes invitation and participation to American celebration. Mentions hangers with B-17s and Glen Miller band. Next page mentions facing charge for not wearing a cap in York. Continues with account of activities at Church Fenton. Mentions acting after leaving the WAAF. Subsequent pages have various notes with poem: 'I look down from high balcony of flying control', and other notes giving descriptions of people and events.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Norfolk
England--Yorkshire
England--Tadcaster
England--York
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
United States Army Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Ten-page handwritten document
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
BReidKReidKv4
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
B-17
entertainment
ground personnel
military discipline
RAF Church Fenton
training
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2191/39803/BReidDReidKv1.1.pdf
bcdd51b528126f5177ba903df415d985
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reid, Kathleen
Reid, K
Reid, Kathryn
Reid, Katy
Description
An account of the resource
92 items and a <a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/2219">sub-collection with thirty-seven poems/songs</a>. The collection concerns Kathryn (Katy) Reid (Royal Air Force) and contains memoirs, correspondence, poems and photographs. The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by David Stuart Miers Reid and catalogued by Nigel Huckins
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-23
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Reid, K
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] Life Story Work – Kathleen (“Katie”) Reid
Katie’s time working as a flying controller, World War 2 [/underlined]
Katie decided to join up during the war as the result of her only sister’s death at the early age of 21 years. Due to the job that she was doing at the time, there was no need for her to join up, as it was not a requirement. Katie was working in the office in a Co-op establishment in Leeds. Katie considered joining both the air force and the land army. However, they stated that she was too small and delicate for the land army, so she joined the WAAF instead. Katie later thought that it probably caused her parents a lot of worry as a consequence.
Katie initially went to flying control at Grimsby, where the officer in charge was very kind to her. She spent approximately a year working there without training. All the men at Grimsby were very protective of her and used to warn others off her. For the first few nights at Grimsby Katie sat and listened to the other girls working. When they realised that she was competent enough, she was then allowed to begin her work there. Therefore she was quite knowledgeable before she went to Cranwell College. The officer in charge at Grimsby was keen on her going to Cranwell.
When Katie went to Cranwell, she trained in flying control. She was in the last group of girls to train there. She wished that they had also been taught more technical issues, to enable her to help the young men when they were in trouble, especially on their first flights. Katie remembered that they were sometimes inclined to panic, which Katie described as very distressing to witness. Katie felt that they really needed somebody with them who had already flown, so that they could relate to the experience.
1
[page break]
Katie described her job as holding no real danger in itself, though acknowledged that some girls in flying control had been injured when the returning planes had been pursued and attacked by Germans and they had been caught in the attacks.
Katie was initially stationed with Bomber Command, Grimsby and then Fighter Command, Norfolk. Katie remembers that Grimsby was not a negative place to work, even though everyone knew that every day could be their last. She remembers it as having a very positive atmosphere.
Katie was nick named “half pint” as she was the smallest WAAF at the stations. Katie described the bombers and fighters as being carefully and cleverly selected according to their personality types; the bombers being good team players, some being not so young, whereas the fighters in their Spitfires were often very young, wearing moustaches to make them look older. Katie said that the fighters worked alone, appeared relatively carefree in their approach and used to boast how many planes they had shot down. They always had one button on their coats undone to show they were fighters. Katie describes the fighters as wanting to look like “thoroughbreds” although they were still very young. By contrast, the bombers had to be good team workers. They trained in various areas and were therefore able to multi task, so that they could take over if one member of the crew was injured or killed.
The younger men, 17 – 18 years of age, were always at the back of the plane. They were hooked in and had difficulty getting out sometimes. They were very vulnerable in that position. Katie remembers that they were sometimes very pale, with “faces as white as chalk” on return, as they were often shocked. On return they would have to go up to the room to be questioned and would sometimes stagger up the stairs like old men.
2
[page break]
[two missing pages]
[page break]
colliding with the row of three trees near the airfield. More were lost on the landing return than on the outward run to Germany. The Medical Officer wept because he did not even have a chance to save them.
Katie visited Bernard’s parents after his death. She helped a local farmer to design a memorial for the men in his field, which still stands there. Bernard is buried in his uncle’s grave in Lincolnshire. Katie has a miniature memorial to Bernard, which has remnants of his aircraft on it. On the plaque, it states “Bernard – crew of Avro Lancaster JB 596. Crashed on return from Berlin, Dec. 16/17 1943.”
Katie had met Bernard at a dance. He was drunk with a bottle under his arm. He asked her to teach him to dance. Katie remembers that she could not dance very well. When she left for Cranwell, he saw her off on the bus, carrying her kit bag up the hill for her, asking her to write to him. He said that she was the nicest WAAF that he had ever met. In the last letter that he sent to her, he had been drinking with the boys in the crew. He was not happy with the pilot, who Katie says was married with children and had responsibilities. Katie says Bernard used to grumble about him and make fun of him, because he was stern and so on.
On one occasion, a training session was planned for air crew. 60 aircraft were lined up ready to go. Usually in her role as flying controller, Katie was the one to give the instructions and her colleague would record everything that was said on all sides, for evidence in case of errors. On one particular occasion, there were 60 aircraft lined up at night, ready to be involved in some training involving circuits and bumps. The officer in charge of the station wished to take over and give the instructions, believing that it may be too much for Katie. However, Katie asserted herself, stating that she was trained
5
[page break]
at Cranwell. The officer let her get on with it and she ensured that she did it perfectly. The training took approximately two hours. At the end of it the officer just stood up and said “thank you” and left.
Katie remembers that some men were killed during the initial tests. Many of them were from New Zealand and Australia. They panicked during the initial training and were killed. Katie states that there was a shortage of flyers, so they did not get the training that they deserved. They used to be taken to the flat fields to train, where there were a limited number of hazards, such as water.
Those men that refused to fly were stripped of their ribbons in front of everyone and publicly humiliated. Katie never attended, as she “could not have born it.” The men were put in to an army prison with the bare essentials. Katie described them as “weak as kittens” when they came out. Their first cigarette on release would make them sick.
Katie remembers that some men could not take the pace, which was not their fault. She says that money and time had been spent on their training, however, people cannot tell what they can bear until it happens. Katie remembers that there was a very strict army prison in Scotland. There were nets to catch the men if they tried to jump and commit suicide.
Katie remembers that at the dances, anyone there who could play an instrument did. The aircrew used to drink, so they did not know if the women could dance or not, which Katie described as an advantage to the women!
6
[page break]
[underlined] Katie’s life after the war. [/underlined]
After the war, Katie gained a scholarship for an acting academy in London. She was there for approximately one-and-a-half years. She has four medals for the four different areas of study which she completed. As a child, from about ten years of age, she had gone to a “lovely woman” in Leeds, who gave her private acting lessons. Therefore, she had been interested in acting from an early age.
After Katie and her husband married, they moved a lot. He was a Mason and the Masons helped them to settle into the different towns that they moved to. They used to go to the associated dances. Katies used to enjoy dressing up and the food and the company. The last Masonic Lodge that he belonged to was the London one.
Katie said that her husband never though anything of moving. They had a few houses built. Katie was always happy to follow on. She remembers that it was always nice to go somewhere new.
Katie’s husband was a Scottish orphan. His grandmother had brought him up. She describes him as very strong. He was from a mining village, but decided that he was not going to go down the mines. He ‘got on his bike’ at the age of fourteen and got himself a job in a large house as a butler. The house was owned by an MP. The job ceased at the start of the war when the MP returned to London. Her husband was in Africa and Egypt during the war. He had no leave for several years. His first job post war was via a friend of Katie’s father and was based in London.
Katie lived in Cyprus for ten years. She had a house built out there. She really enjoyed her life out there and they had a
7
[page break]
full life with lots of parties. Katie remembers that the Greek men used to have many affairs, however, when the divorce laws were introduced she said that life was better for the women, as the men had to be more careful!
On return from Cyprus Katie and her husband owned shops and employed on average two assistants. The first shop was in the south by the seaside. Each shop that they ran incorporated a post office. She remembers that they never stopped working. Katies used to do the balancing of the books every Friday evening.
Both Katie and her husband used to work within the shops. They had shops in four or five different locations, including the south and in Scotland at different times.
They used to sell up and then move. They sold their Torquay business to a man who later stole money and ended up in prison. They used to specialise in books, pens and fruit. Katie misses that life. She used to enjoy chatting to the customers.
At one stage Katie lived in a village near Blackpool. She used to go to a lady for sculpture classes in the evenings. She had some free time as she was not working at the time and her husband was often away helping out in the post office that they had. Katie has photos of her at the night class. Katie has a very accomplished sculpture (bust) of a black male model that she created. She has an accompanying photograph of the model at the class which indicates how accurate the likeness is.
Katie has other beautiful sculptures that she has created both in clay and wood. She has several wood carvings, including a large one of a bird of prey and an Elizabethan style carving of a lady, reminiscent of a child’s doll of the time. Katie states that the theme is linked to slavery. The woman is a carving of a lady from a very religious family, near to the crown. The lady
8
[page break]
and her brother were slave dealers and prominent in English society. They were involved in bringing black men over from American and dumping them in the sea. Katie made the sculpture as she was interested in the combination of social status and the acts that they committed which horrify Katie.
Katie made the sculpture of the nude reclining figure first, followed by the bust of the black male model, then the bird, followed by the Elizabethan style lady.
Katie made the clay bust of her son herself at home after the classes had finished. In it he is portrayed as being approximately four years of age, with curly hair. They lived near someone with a forge, so they partly baked it for her.
At one stage, when Katie was living in Stirling, she operated as a councillor. She was also a Bailey for the council of Stirling. She nearly became Mayor, but they moved house before this could happen. She lived in Stirling for about ten years.
Katie used to teach at Leeds College of music and after she married, she taught at different schools in Scotland and England. She used to teach English and acting. At one stage she used to travel from Stirling to Glasgow by train every day and then take a bus. Her husband used to give her a lift to the train. She initially taught in three infant schools and then in taught at three secondary schools, including one serving the Goebals. [sic]
When Katie taught in the Goebals [sic] in Glasgow, she remembers that the houses were being pulled down and there was water everywhere. She taught there for about five years. She describes the children as “lovely”, some being not very strong, but Katie remembers that there were lots of good mothers who worked hard to keep things going. There were many
9
[page break]
immigrants from Africa places in the Goebals. [sic] Katie had to teach them English.
Two of Katie’s students from the Goebals [sic] won the yearly prize for public speaking, run by the local newspaper. She used to get the children to do a lot of choral speaking, where they were in choirs but spoke the words. The children would get a certificate for their participation.
During the last few years of her husband’s life, he and Katie gave up the shops and went abroad for holidays a lot. He was unwell, but they had a lovely time.
[underlined] Katie – general [/underlined]
Katie attributes her small stature, leading to her nick-name of half-pint, to the lack of food in Yorkshire after the Great War.
Katie’s sister was younger than Katie, but they were very Katie remembers that her sister went on holiday with her friend. They slept in the same bed, which was usual then. Her friend, unbeknown to her, had TB. Katie’s sister contracted it. Her sister refused to go into hospital, so the family acquired a cottage in Yorkshire. Katie’s mother nursed her. The doctors used to visit from Harrogate. Katie and her father used to visit at weekends. Katie used to cook and take her chicken. She died by the age of 21.
10
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Life story work - Kathleen ("Katie") Reid
Description
An account of the resource
Covers early life and reasons for joining up. Mentions initial posting to flying control at Grimsby followed by posting to Cranwell for training in flying control. Postings to Grimsby and Fighter Command Norfolk. Goes on with Katie's description of aircrew and their reaction to operations. Missing pages 3 and 4. Page five start halfway through description of aircraft that cashed on return for operations. Describes her relationship to Bernard a member of crew who was killed. Mentions memorial to 'Bernard - crew of Avro Lancaster JB596 crashed on return from Berlin, Dec 16/17 1943'. Gives account of Katie's highly competent work as aircraft controller. Adds comments on inexperienced aircrew who were killed and treatment of aircrew who refused to fly. Mentions dances. Continues with Katie's life and marriage after the war. Ends with description of Katie.
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1943-12-16
1943-12-17
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Germany
Germany--Berlin
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Eight-page printed document
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription. Under review
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
BReidDReidKv1
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
arts and crafts
crash
ground personnel
killed in action
Lancaster
medical officer
memorial
military discipline
RAF Cranwell
RAF Grimsby
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2219/39748/SReidK473650v20021.1.jpg
46a05694ec1601498b40f025aa736d79
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Reid, Kathryn. Songs and poems
Description
An account of the resource
Thirty-seven items - songs/poems about wartime experiences.
The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by David Stuart Miers Reid and catalogued by Nigel Huckins
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-23
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Reid, K
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
The Police!
Searching kitbags
‘Take out all the things girls
You don’t want them to see’
Pandemonium .. Panic .. Incredibility!!
[inserted] The [/inserted] ‘[deleted] The barmaid [/deleted] WAAF Officer
Is with them
And looks far from pleased to me’
Enter the law
With measured pace
To each bed space
‘How are you?’ he said
As he stopped by my bed
I saw
The hard face of a WAAF Officer
She who had mocked with scepticism
My rheumatism
So I laid it on thick
‘I have been very sick
And I’ve suffered pain’
‘For how long?’
The Policeman made it plain
He was interested
Would he have me arrested?
‘Oh a long time’ I said
The law scratched his head
‘And you have pain now?’
‘Yes’
‘Are you sure?’
‘Yes I’m sure my back’s very sore’
He searched my kit-bag thoroughly
What was he looking for?
Yet another tragedy of war
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
The police
Description
An account of the resource
Poem about encounter with a policemen accompanied by WAAF officer.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Poetry
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One-page printed document
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription. Under review
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SReidK473650v20021
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
arts and crafts
ground personnel
military discipline
military service conditions
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1406/36701/MRosserLV745193-190517-11.1.pdf
d07880981e8578bc459201d5acb13bd3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Rosser, Lewis Victor
L V Rosser
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-05-17
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Rosser, LV
Description
An account of the resource
154 items. The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant Lewis Victor Rosser (b. 1919, 745193 Royal Air Force) and contains his log books, a diary of his operations, notebooks, documents, correspondence and an album. He flew operations as a pilot with 35, 58, 51 and 115 Squadrons. <br /><br />The collection includes a <a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/2133">Photograph album</a> with photographs of people and aircraft, artwork cards, newspaper cuttings and documents. <br /><br /><br />The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Godard and Joy Shirley and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Rosser
745193 SGT. ROSSER
[underlined] Form 407. [underlined]
ROYAL AIR FORCE
LARGE NOTE BOOK
T.4821. Wt. 331 140,000 Bks. 5/39. W. & S. Ld. (212476F.)
[Page Break]
[Blank Page]
[Page Break]
[inserted][missing letters] istration [/inserted]
1/. [underlined] Air Force Act [/underlined] – [underlined] General [/underlined]
2/. [underlined] Air Force Act [/underlined] – Sess. 4-44
3/. [underlined] Air Force Act [/underlined] – evidence
4/. [underlined] Air Force Act [/underlined] Rules of
5/. [underlined] Air Force Act [/underlined] Powers of C/O
6/. [underlined] Air Force Act [/underlined] – Explanation of following paras KR 1070 – 1073
1075 – 1078
1080 – 1083
1085 – 1088-9
1092 – 1094-7
1099 – 1103
[underlined] K/R’s [/underlined] A.C.1.
Are a collection of administrative regulations and instructions laid down with authority of the King, issued by the Air Council and amended from time to time. K.R’s are for the guidance of all R.A.F. personnel in regard to the A.F.A. A copy is available for reference in connection therewith it is advisable to see that the particular copy is properly amended.
[underlined] Par 1020. [/underlined] [deleted] Digit [/deleted] [underlined] Acquaintance with regulations. [/underlined]
1/. [underlined] Every Officer [/underlined] will make himself acquainted with and obey as far as he is able enforces the K.R.’s A.C.I for RAF. All other regulations instruction & orders which may from time to time be issued. He will also conform to established customs and practices of the services.
2/. [underlined] Every Airman [/underlined] will be held personally responsible for making himself acquainted with (a) Station [inserted] standing [/inserted or local orders & instructions which are necessary for the performance of the duties apertaining [sic] to his service employment. (b) such orders and details of duties in barracks. (c) he will further be required to perform the customs and practices of the service.
Applicable to both – ignorance of daily duties and orders will not be permitted as excuse for non-observance.
[Page Break]
1071 [underlined] Official Secrets Act. [/underlined]
1/. It is the C/O’s responsibility to ensure that all persons under his employ are acquainted with the provision of the official secrets act, 1911 & 1920. The poster form 520 relating to the official secrets act will be displayed prominently throughout the stations and headquarter offices.
1022 [underlined] Disclosure of Information[/underlined]
[underlined] Sect. 1A.[/underlined] R.A.F. personnel will exercise greatest care to avoid disclosing any information relating to official matter to anyone outside the service in such circumstances as to insur [sic] any risk of such information being made public or otherwise reading unauthorized persons. 1B/. Officers seconded for service under the Foreign Office or any other Government dept. likewise must not disclose information relating to official matters with express permission of the official concerned.
[underlined] Sect. 2. [/underlined] Personnel are forbidden to communicate any service information which might directly or indirectly assist an enemy to any person other than a/. the person to whom he is authorized b/. one to who, it is his duty to communicate it.
[underlined] Sect 3. [/underlined] Personnel are forbidden to rubbish any form whatever or communicate directly or indirectly to the press any service information or views of any service subject with special authority; also he will be held responsible for any statements contained in communications which may subsequently find their way to the press, he will not pre-judge questions which are under the consideration of superior authority either anonymously or otherwise of his opinion and he will not take part in pubic in any discussion relating to orders, regulations or instructions issued by this superiors.
[underlined]Sect. 4. [/underlined] Any information of a professional or technical
[Page Break]
nature which a person may require in the performance of the duties well be regarded as the property of the Air Council and will not be published or communicated either or orally or in writing to any person not directly employed in the service of the Air Ministry without the previous sanction of the Air Council.
[underlined] Sect. 5. [/underlined] Officers Retired. Clauses 1-4 concern an officer or airman retired or has ceased to be an officer or airman no longer on the active service list or no longer in regular Air Force service.
[underlined] Sect. 6. [/underlined] In dealing with commercial firms performing work for the Air Ministry care will be taken to ensure that particular trends of development on any given matter which should be left secret are not made known to the firm.
[underlined] Sect. 7. [/underlined] Personnel are forbidden without permission from the Air Ministry to publish any article whether pertaining to be fiction or fact which in any way deals with Naval, Military or Air Force subjects. This also cover broadcasting of talks.
[underlined] Sect. 8. [/underlined] Process whereby permission to publish or broadcast service information. When permission is sought under the above sect.7 – either to publish or broadcast the matter intended with either be typewriter or in proof form and will be submitted in duplicate through the usual channels in the Air Ministry accompanied by a statement from the authority under whom the subject is serving to the effect that there is no objection for permission to be applied for. One copy of document submitted will be kept at the Air Ministry for future reference. The permission will apply only to the proof submitted and
[Page Break]
no alternation therein will not be made except of a rarely editorial nature. Permission if given will not convey endorsement of the contents of the documents and no statement tending to imply official endorsement will be included in any part of the published article nor will any reference [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] be made to the fact that the A/M sanction has been obtained. The individual concerned in regard to same will take particular care that no information of the nature referred to in Sect. 3 or 4 is communicated to the publishing or broadcast it authorities until the A/M permissions has been granted.
[underlined] Sect 9. [/underlined] Official report or correspondence or copies thereof will not be furnished without the special sanction of the A.O.C. or C.O. communicating.
[underlined] Sect 10[/underlined] Press reporters or photographers will not be permitted to attend the trials of any aircraft.
[underlined] Sect 11. [/underlined] Allowing admission to stations by means of passes which are provided to restrict authorised persons from entering and for identification purposes. Disclosure within the service of information concerned is secret or confidential publications.
[underlined] 1073 Communication to the Press[/underlined] Sect. 1. Any communication affecting the service generally or any branch of service which it may be considered desirable to be made known to the press will be made by the A/M communications will be made to the press only where they obey affect the command concerned and then they will be made by command H.Q. exactly as provided in the following clause. Sect 2. Article or notice containing non professional or non technical subjects which do not contravene 1072 and nominal or athletic matter may be communicated to the masses
[Page break]
by an officer or an airman but a C/O will be responsible for taking disciplinary action should any personnel under his command publish matter in the press which is objectionable either in form or imbalance that is likely to reflect disdain on the service.
[deleted] 10 [/deleted] Sect. 3. Communications to the Press. Press representations (including reports or photographs) visiting air force stations are received by officer- preferably [indecipherable word] C/O. will ensure that regulations in correction with such visits will be obscured.
Fly facilities for the press by A/M Authority.
1075. Definition of a C/O – Generally the station commander. On large stations unit commanders may be granted disciplinary powers of a C/O but only on authority if the A/C. Such authority being published in orders.
Every officer however temporary or cancel his command may be in the [indecipherable word]
Of an accused person [inserted] K.R’s or H.C.I.S or confirm of service member time [/inserted] he is responsible for listing disciplinary action against the accused.
1076 [deleted] Prof [/deleted] Prevention of Crime
A C/O will exact every effort to prevent crime and to prevent any tendency to [indecipherable word] its existence. There is a tendency sometimes on the hurt of weak officers and N.C.O.S to pass over offences. This is most subversive of discipline and generally leads to the more serious offence. Whilst not encouraging charging more with offences that are merely incidents steps should be taken to avoid the screen of offences.
1077. Responsibilities in General. 1. An officer is responsible at all time for maintenance of good order and discipline. 2. An officer is to afford utmost aid to his C/O. It is his duty to notice, suppress and instantly report any negligence or impropriety of any airman either in or off duty and whether the officers do or do not belong to his particular unit.
1078 Treatment of subordination – An officer will at any time adopt towards his
[Page Break]
no alteration there in will not be made except of a purely editorial nature. Permission if given will not convey endorsement of the contents of the document and no statement tending to imply official endorsement will be included in any part of the published article nor will any reference [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] be made is the fact that the A/M sanction has been obtained. The individual concerned in regard to same will take particular care that no information of the nation referred to in Sect 3 or 4 is communicated to the publishing or broadcasting authorities until the A/M permission has been granted.
[underlined]Sect 9. [/underlined] Official reports or correspondence or copies thereof will not be furnished without the special sanction of the A.O.C or C.O Commanding.
[underlined]Sect 10. [/underlined] Press reporters or photographers will not be permitted to attend the trial of any aircraft.
[underlined]Sect 11. [/underlined] Allowing admission to stations by means of passes which are forwarded to restrict unauthorised persons from entering and for identification purposes. Disclosure within the service of information concerned is secret or confidential publication.
[underlined]1073 Communication to the Press [/underlined] Sect 1. Any communication affecting the service generally or any branch of the service which it may be considered desirable to be made known to the press will be made by the A/M. Communication will be made to the press only when they solely affect the command concerned and then they will be made by command H.Q. except as provided in the following clause. Sect 2. Articles or notice containing non professional or non technical subjects which do not contravene 1072 and could or athletic matters may be communicated to the press
[Page Break]
by an officer or an airman but a C/O. will be responsible for taking disciplinary action should any personnel under his command publish matter in the press which is objectionable either in form or substance that is likely to reflect disdain on the service.
[deleted] 10 [/deleted] Sect. 3. Communications to the Press. Press responsibility (including reports of photographs) visiting Air Force station are received by officer preferably [indecipherable word] C//O. will ensure that regulations in connection with such visits will be observed. Flying facilities for the press by A/M authority.
1075 Definition of a C/O – Generally the station commander. On larger stations unit commanders may be granted disciplinary powers of a C/O but only as authority of the AS/C. Such authority being published in orders.
Every officer however temporary or [indecipherable word] his command may be in the C/O of an accused person [inserted] if N.R or H.C.I.S or action of service makes him [/inserted] he is responsible for listing disciplinary action against the accused.
1076. [deleted] Pre [/deleted] Prevention of crime. A C/O will exert every effort to prevent crime and to prevent any tendency to service its existence. There is a tendency sometimes on the part of weak officers and N.C.O.S. to pass over offences. This is most subversive of discipline and generally leads to the more serious offence. Whilst not encouraging charging men with offences that are merely incidents steps should be taken to avoid the screen of offences.
1077 Responsibilities in Guard. 1. An officer is responsible at all times for maintenance of good order and discipline. 2. An officer is to afford utmost aid to his C/O. It is his duty to notice, supress and instantly report any negligence or impropriety of any airmen wither on or off duty and whether the offender do or do not belong to his particular unit.
1078 Treatment of subordination – An officer will at any time adopt towards his
[Page Break]
subordination such treatment as will not only ensure desirable but ensure self respect and personal honour essential to efficiency. For obvious reasons an officer will not refuse an [inserted] W.O. [/inserted] officer or N.C.O. in the presence of other airmen unless it is necessary for the benefit of examples.
W.O.’s or N.C.O’s will be guided with the foregoing principals in dealing with each other and airmen. They will [deleted] [indecipherable word][/deleted] [inserted] avoid [/insert] offensive language or manner.
[underlined] 1080 Criticism of subversive [/underlined] An officer will refrain from remarking or passing criticism on orders of his superiors which may tend to bring them into contempt and will avoid replying if doing anything which seen or heard by or reported to that under him might discourage them or lead them to be dissatisfied with the conditions or with the service on which they are or may be employed.
[underlined] 1081 Complaints or grievance [/underlined] Complaints submitted to C.O. in writing =. It should not be offensive or indicative of insubordination. Officers are compelled by law to thoroughly investigate all complaints. False accusation must be avoided as they constitute as offences; there is no such charge as fictious complaint, but backless complaints constantly repeated may involve charges “conduct & prejudices”. Complaints are to be fully and distinctly stated. Anonymous complaints are forbidden as are collected ones.
[underlined] 1082. Conflicting Orders[/underlined] If received officer should represent orally the contrariety in correcting if time permits if order is still to be obeyed there must be no hesitation doing so.
[underlined] 1083 Testimonials and [indecipherable word] [/underlined] Forbidden in any form – particularly from public parties or [inserted] private individuals for services rendered in deformation of duty
[underlined] 1085 Communication an interview with A/M officials [/underlined]. An officer is forbidden to write private letters to officials at the A/M on official or personal matters such as promotion or postings etc.
[Page Break]
Such attempts by a personal to obtain favourable communication of my application by the use of outside influence are forbidden and if reported to will be regarded as an admission on the part of the applicant that the case in not good on its merits and will be dealt with accordingly. Likewise, if an interviewer is asked for on behalf of an officer by any person other than himself such communication will be deemed to have been made at his suggestion unless he can [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] disprove it.
[underlined]1088 Officers character impinged. [/underlined] When an officers character or conduct as a gentleman is impinged he must submit his case within reasonable times to his C/O for investigation. Pending investigation the officer may be suspended from duty where he will be under the same restrictions as an officer under open arrest, he will remain on effective strength return.
[underlined] 1089 Bankruptcy [/underlined]
If an officer finds himself seriously embarrassed financially either by bankruptcy, liquidation or legal proceedings & unable to meet his engagements he will at once notify full fact to his C/O. The C/O will report the circumstances to the C/O in counsil [sic] who will decide whether the officer may continue to hold His Majesty’s Commission.
[underlined] 1092 Political Meetings and Candidates for Parliament[/underlined]
Regular officers and airmen are not permitted to take part in the affairs of Government – even local. An officer [underlined] may [/underlined] be permitted to resign and an airman allowed his discharge or transfer to the reserve.
[underlined] 1093. Smoking [/underlined] – Forbidden on duty except by authority. Motor transport drivers must not smoke because of the risk of fire and because their attention may be distracted from the traffic – forbidden in aircraft except flying boars with metal hulls but not when refuelling
[Page Break]
and until all petrol is cleared away.
[underlined]1095. Gambling [/underlined] (or acting as bookmakers or agent to [indecipherable word]
Prohibited in stations, camps or barracks. A notice regarding this appears in order every 3 months.
[underlined] 1095 Intoxicants [/underlined] Forbidden in barrack rooms and other places specified in standing orders. Cpls. Or airman may have 1pt. of beer with dinner but only on dining hall
[underlined] 1096 Civil employment etc. [/underlined] An officer or airman on full pay is not permitted without sanction of the A/M to belong to the directorate or to take part in the officers of any Company. Nor is he allowed to accept any [underlined] continuous [/underlined] employment for profit.
An airman about to be discharged may accept invitation employment but if he’s [deleted] employ [/deleted] employed by a government department he must decide which pay to accept.
In case of civilian employment being permitted the A/M will not accept any responsibility to any damage, accident etc, while engage.
[underlined] 1097. Confidential reports [/underlined] – Officers. (In obeyance in wartime) Normally rendered annually on the 1st August. The privilleged [sic] reports never shown to the public but must be shown to the officer concerned.
If the views of the C/O or higher authority conflict the nest higher authority will investigate & communicate his decision. C/O’s or any other higher commander may if they consider necessary report at any time of an officer, but if the report is unfavourable the officer must use an initial name.
[underlined] 1099 Proceeding at inquest [/underlined] Officer to attend and watch proceedings. He should be prepared to give court particulars of [indecipherable word]
[Page Break]
nature of duties – care being taken not to act as advocate.
[underlined] 1100. Proceeding under ordinary law. [/underlined]
1./ Officers not subject to legal proceeding as individual whilst not carrying out A. Force duties – except that he is liable to flagrant offences.
2./ If proceedings instructed – must be immediately reports to A/M.
3./ Officers against ordinary criminal code of a person subject to the Air Force Act should be reported at once by the C/O. [deleted] for [/deleted] to the local police for civil action.
4./ In any criminal use where legally considered necessary full date to A/M.
5./ [underlined] Solicitor [/underlined] not to be employed on behalf of public either from proceedings or merely advice. [deleted] In very [/deleted] without reference to treasury solicitor. In very urgent cases one may be engaged but if possible [inserted] the treasury [/inserted] solicitor is to be engaged if none available an ordinary solicitor’s agent may be engage but a report send [sic] immediately to the treasury solicitor. Preliminaries only should be undertaken, remand asked for them treasury is to take over the caser. When legal advise [sic] is required full statement should be sent to A/M by C/O.
6. [underlined]Personnel made defendant in civil or criminal proceedings [/underlined] are responsible for their own defence unless the A/C rules otherwise/ If cases occur where [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] reimbursement of expenses are necessary full particulars are to be forwarded through the usual channels to the A/M and statement showing act complained of was one sanctioned of by competent authority and was within prescribed course of duty of defendant.
[underlined] 1101. Acquaintance with Air Force Act[/underlined]
C/O is responsible that every airmen under his command is
[Page Break]
acquainted with report of section 4-44 Air Force Act, they will from time to time be explained particularly to recruits so as to preclude possibility of ignorance on their part of the additional offenses and punishment to which they render themselves liable by becoming subject to air force law. A copy of the act is normally kept available at permanent stations. Every 3 months the C/O will ensure that the following notice is read out to the personnel under his command. Under the existing law any person who shall maliciously and advisedly endeavour to reduce any person or persons serving in H.M. Forces by Sccc, saved or Air from his irk her duty and allegiance to H.M. or to incite or stir up any such person or persons to commit any act of meeting or to make or endeavour to make any mutinous assembly or to commit any treacherous or mutinous practice whatsoever may, on being convicted of such an offence be sentenced to moral servitude for the natural life of such person.
[underlined]1102. Concealment of Venereal Disease. [/underlined]
In every unit there is to be a standing order that any airman suffering from V.D. is to report himself sick without delay, this standing order will be read to the unit on parade at interval not exceeding 3 months, care being taken to see that new recruits are to be informed on joining. Concealment of V.D. will be dealt with under sec.11 nor under 18 (3) or 40.
[underlined] 110. Witnesses in private law suits[/underlined] Application for the attendance of R.A.F. personnel as witnesses in private law suits to be reported through the usual channels to A/M. Direct if urgent. No evidence given.
[Page Break]
except on suppenna [sic]. A/M may claim privilege on grounds of currency or otherwise. On special occasions only will an officer or airman be granted permission to give evidence as expert witnesses.
[underlined]Air Force Law [/underlined]
[underlined] Air Force Act.[/underlined]
[underlined] Sect. 1. [/underlined] By the law of England a man who joins the Air Force as an officer or airman does not cease to be a citizen, with few exceptions his position under the ordinary law of the land is unaffected. If he commits and offence under the civil law he may be tried and punished for it as an ordinary civilian. Similarly civil rights and responsibilities although few privileges are given him and a few restrictions informed on him the ordinary law applies to him. Whilst however remaining subject to these qualification of the ordinary law of England he has become subject also to an entirely distinct code know as ‘Air Force Law’ which governs the members of the Air Force and regulates the conduct of officers and airmen at all times and all pleas in peace & in war, at home & abroad. Air Force Law is contained in the Air Force Constitution act of 1917.
The Air Force Act and the Air Force Annual Act supplemented by the realm of procedure by K.R. A.C.I. for the R.A.F which contains regulations as promotion etc. & by A.M.O’s & Regulations.
The Air Force Consultation Act established the Air Force, provides code for R.A.F.
The Air Force Act (in effect Army Act amended) & adapted to meet the needs of Air Force is a standard code dealing with discipline, court, martial, enlistment and other
[Page Break]
Air Force Act has no continuous operation for it contains only a Parliament from time to time derides. It is part of statute law of England & with considerable difference that it is administered by Air Force court & not by civil judges. It is constrained in same manner, and carried into effect under the same conditions as to evidence & otherwise as the ordinary criminal law of England. Purpose of these codes of Law:- [underlined] 1. [/underlined] discipline [underlined] 2.[/underlined]
Administration [underlined]1- [/underlined]To provide to the maintenance of discipline of other person part of or following the forces for this purposes acts & omission which in civil life are mere incidents namely desertion must, if committed by soldiers or airmen even in times of peace be made punishable offence whilst in war every act or omission which impairs a man’s fighting efficiency must be dealt with severely [underlined]2 [/underlined] To provide for administration i.e terms of service, billeting, enlistment etc. The term ‘Miliary Law & Air Force Law’ may therefore be used properly as including provision of both the above terms but in practice they are more often used with reference to the disciplinary provision only.
[underlined]Section 4-44 A.F.A [/underlined] Dealing with discipline i.e Crime & Punishments
a). [underlined]Offences in respect of Air Force Service [/underlined] (4.5.6)
Some of these offences carry punishment of [underlined] death [/underlined] such as treachery in the face of the enemy. Offences such as destruction of property or active service., holding correspondence with enemy, cowardice, are punishable with [underlined] penal servitude [/underlined]. Others carry more severe penalties in war than in peace. A sentinel sleeping or drunk at his post, or leaving it
[Page Break]
before relief, is liable to imprisonment in peacetime, penal servitude in war.
b.) [underlined]Mutiny and Insubordination [/underlined] (7.8.9.10.11)
Besides usual interpretation of these, neglect to obey general, local, and other orders can be proceeded with under this heading.
c) [underlined] Desertion. Fraudulent Enlistment & Absence without leave [/underlined] (12.13.14.15)
d) [underlined]Disgraceful Conduct [/underlined] (16.17.18)
Including embezzlement, Fraud and Malingering
e) [underlined]Drunkenness [/underlined] (19.)
f) [underlined] Offences in relation to Persons in Custody. [/underlined] (20.21. & 22)
Including releasing prisoners without proper authority, allowing prisoners to escape, unnecessary arrest, and wilful delay in furnishing an account of the offence, and when under arrest or confinement, escaping or attempting escape.
g) [underlined]Offences in relation to Property [/underlined] (23.24.25)
Including stealing, ill-treating, pawning, or losing by neglect any service equipment.
j) [underlined]Offences in relation to False Documents & Statements [/underlined] (25.27.28)
i) [underlined] Offences relating to Court-Martial. [/underlined] (28-29)
Including neglect to attend, refusal to take the oath, refusal to produce relevant documents, contempt of Court, false evidence etc.
j) [underlined]Offences in Relation to Billeting [/underlined] (30)
[underlined] Impressment of Carriages[/underlined] (31)
[underlined]Enlistment (32.33.34) [/underlined]
Making false statements in alteration papers.
[underlined] 35.36.37.38.39 Miscellaneous. [/underlined]
Concerns ill treatment of subordination – retention of pay due to others – fighting duels – attempting to commit suicide.
[Page Break]
Page 10
[underlined]39.a Aircraft [/underlined]
Neglectfully leaving or damaging AC low flying offences.
[underlined]40. Conduct prejudicial to discipline [/underlined]
[underlined] 41. Offences punishable by Civil Law [/underlined]
Personnel no way absolved from conforming to Civil Law.
[underlined] 4 + L43 Redress of Wrongs[/underlined]
[underlined] 44 Punishment for offences against aforesaid reactions.[/underlined]
For Officers/ For Airman
1) Death / 1) Death
2) Penal Servitude (Over 3 years) / 2) Penial Servitude
3) Imprisonment (Up to 2 years) / 3) Imprisonment
4) Cashiering / 4) Detention
5) Dismissal / 5) Discharge
6) Forfeiture of Seniority / 6) Reduction of Rank (N.C.O)
7) Reprimand / 7) Reprimand (N.C.O)
8) Stoppages/ 8) Forfeiture, fines & stoppages
[Page Break]
[underlined] Rules of Procedures [/underlined]
[underlined] Selection [/underlined]
[underlined]The Charge [/underlined]. Every C/O shall see that any charge against a person must be investigated within 24 hrs in presence of accused who may cross examine any witness against him and call witness in his defence, he may also demand that evidence be taken on oath.
The C/O may at end of hearing of charge – if accused is an airman, a) dispose of case [indecipherable word] b) refer it to the proper superior Air Force Authority c) Adjourn case to have evidence submitted in writing – accused however has the right to be tried by district court martial If he wished. Sentence up to seven days must be given f hours and over that in days.
[underlined]Powers of C/O [/underlined] A C/O if of rank above F/LT may award following [punishments to airmen A0 Detention up to 28 days [inserted] * nots. Forfeiture of pay [/inserted] b) fines for drunkenness only up to £2’s c) on active service field punishment up to 28 days d) in certain circumstances deduction of pay. A C/O below of Sqd/Lr. May award detention up to 168hrs dentation only and fines up to 16/- only for drunkenness.
[underlined] Court Martial. [/underlined]
3 types. If a court martial has been ordered- accused must be allowed free communication with his witnesses, with any friend, officer or
[Page Break]
Legal adviser & he must be given a copy of charge is order to prepare his defence. Rules of evidence present the prosecution from offering any evidence not directly bearing on the charge, a cop of summary of evidence must also be provided for the accused at least 24 hours prior to court. An officer must if at all possible be tried by his equals and in no case may an officer below rank of F/LT sit in court which is trying an officer of or above Rank of S/LR. Court proceedings are same as in the civil court. Officers making up court take their seats in order of seniority. President of court is responsible to see that all proceeding are in order. List of documents to be made immediately available.
1. K.R. & A.C.I. A.F.A 2. Rules of procedure 3. Bible
[underlined] On Active Service & Field General Court Martial [/underlined] may be held which if considering of these or more numbers has power to award any punishment a G.C.M. may award
[underlined]Court of Inquiry [/underlined] An inquiry may be made by Air Council, any officer in command & any officer in the Air Force. It is an assembly of officers to collect evidence and to make a declaration on any matter which may be referred to them such as cause of assistant, loss of service equipment etc.
[underlined] Evidence [/underlined] In court of Law judge laws down law & jury has to decide from fact. In majority of cases this is decided by evidence with oral or documentary. Evidence may also be direct or indirect, 1st eye-witness 2nd From persons who can supply fact enabling an inference to be drawn as to what really happened there often comes & point where indirect evidence has so little bearing upon the matter issue.
[Page Break]
that it becomes non-admissible. This is divided by judge or members of court martial.
Rules of evidence in court martial are same as in civil courts of criminal jurisdiction.
[underlined] Evidence [/underlined] a) What must be proved 1) only charge brough against prisoner or one differing only in degree, namely murder – manslaughter or unlawful wounding.
b) What facts are known 1) These are in law considered to be fact so well known it is unnecessary to prove them ex-c country at war. Concerns part of the British Commonwealth.
c) By which proof must be given. 1) Every person is assumed innocent until proved guilty and any person who alleges a fact must prove it. Prosecution for ex. Must establish rather fussy evidence of guilt but if prisoners’ defence is alibi he must endeavour to prove it.
[Page Break]
[Blank Page]
[Page Break]
[inserted] Airmanship] [/inserted]
[underlined]Accordance Procedure [/underlined] – A.P. 129 Par. 106-115 & A.P 129 App.7 & A.R 129 App1
[underlined] Care of Aeroplane[/underlined] – A.P 129 Chap. 2 Par. 10 & 11 & 15-23
[underlined] Engine Starting & Airservices [/underlined] Swing ring – A.P 129 Chap 2. Para. 47
[underlined]Action if the event of fire [/underlined] – AP.129 Chap 3 Par. 101 & 102
[underlined] Forced Landing Procedure [/underlined] – Chap 3 Par 157-170 Chap.2. Par 95-105
[underlined] Flaps & Flying Controls [/underlined] – Flaps AP 129 Chap.6. Par. 34 & 37
[underlined] Engines – 4 stroke internal [/underlined] combustion – chap 7 Par 2-7 A.P. 129
[underlined]Running faults [/underlined] AP.129 Chap 2 Par 88.
[underlined] Safety Precautions before flight [/underlined] A.P 129. Chap 2. Par 7.
[underlined] Regulations delivery with ballast [sic] [/underlined]
Must be of correct weight & Type securely fixed in proper position.
[underlined] Regulations dealing with safety harness [/underlined]
Must be used on all flights. Pilots responsible to all that both are securely fixed. Must be aware of quick release operation.
[underlined]Action of Pilot before flight [/underlined]
1/. Pilot must be fully acquainted with fuel & oil systems and endurance of plane.
2/. Pilot is personally responsible to see fuel is sufficient for flight. No rely on gauges.
3/. Pilot must ascertain how long & plane has flown [deleted]before [/deleted] since last flight.
4/. No Pilot must fly solo unless familiar of action to be taken in case of fire.
[underlined]Low flying [/underlined] Low flying practices may only be carried out with instruction over approved area. When forced to fly low by weather – report in low flying book giving Name Time Date Reason
[Page Break]
[underlined]Cross Country Fights. [/underlined]
1/ To be carried out at a minimum height of 2000’.
2./ No Flight to the attempted unless 2,000’ can be kept up.
3./ [underlined] Before setting off. [/underlined]
1./ Obtain favourable weather report.
2./ Obtain correct maps & route cards & 1415 (signed)
3./ Aircraft must have correctly working compass & serviceable watch.
4./ Aircraft is [underlined] filled [/underlined] with fuel & oil.
5./ Must report destination to the time keeper.
6./ No unauthorised landing.
4./ [underlined] Action before take-off[/underlined]
1./ Test controls & ensure free movement in correct direction throughout their entire range.
2./ That engine controls move freely but with sufficient resistance to ensure them checking set in correct positions.
3./ Run up engine with chocks properly placed.
4./ Use full length of ‘drome for take off
5./ Take off into wind
5./ [underlined]Regulations regarding aerobatics. [/underlined]
1/. Not to be carried out over populated areas.
2/. At sufficient height for manoeuvres to be carried out above 3,000’.
6./ [underlined] Flights over populated area [/underlined] – must be carried out at sufficient height to enable a glide to open country. Must not be below 2,000.
7./ No matches other than safety matches or firing lights are prohibited or potassium chlorate tablets.
[Page Break]
[underlined] Notes of the air. [/underlined]
In the case of two aeroplanes meeting head on both shall alter course to the starboard.
When on paths which cross the one that has the other one on its starboard side must alter course to starboard and go behind the other.
Fast aircraft overtaking slower must alter course to starboard.
Aircraft on surface of water obey regulations for prevention of collision at use.
Flying boat must give way to vessels. Power driven craft must give way to non power driven craft.
[underlined]Flying in cloud or fog. [/underlined] Shall fly at reduced speed & take all precautions having regard to circumstances. Must not fly immediately above or below cloud. Distance to be allowed for observations – to be seen and to see yourself.
[underlined] Take off [/underlined] ‘Plane must not turn from take off until at least 500 yds away from ‘drome boundary.
[underlined]Circuit Law [/underlined] must conform to this law when inside 2.500’ & below 6.500’
Circuit always left handed unless sign is placed for opposite. Left hand at night always.
[underlined] Procedure adopted approaching storage ‘drone[/underlined]
Approach [deleted] less than [/deleted] not above 120mph & above signal area at 2,000’ than circuit at 1,000’ to note bad ground w/s & direction & keep sharp lookout for other planes.
Climbing turns below 500’ not to be accrued out. Parachutes must be worn on all flights. Responsibility of pilot to see all passengers follow procedure.
[Page Break]
[underlined] Air endurance and Radius of Action. [/underlined]
1./ Air endurance must be measured in time.
2./ Total endurance – total time it stays in air on full tanks but fuel consumption will vary.
3./ Safe endurance is total endurance less 10%
1/. [sic] Radius of action is total distance in still air.
[calculation]
Generally defined as half range in still air.
[underlined] Aerodrome Procedure. [/underlined]
1./ Marking of aerodrome boundaries and bad ground.
2./ The Duty Flight is marked by a yellow hollow disc on a white standard.
3./ Circuit Rules.
4./ Visual recall signs for aircraft. See App VII
[underlined]Care of the Aeroplane [/underlined]
An aircraft which is dirty must be booked [indecipherable word] as unserviceable.
Petrol & paraffin must not be used to remove grease – only [indecipherable word] & hot wate.
Picketing – look up & draw diagram.
[underlined]Action in the event of fire [/underlined]
[underlined]Engine fire in air [/underlined]
1./ Turn off petrol
2/ Open throttle wide
3/ Switch off engine
4/ Use fire extinguisher if poss.
5/ Side slip away from flames
6./ If fire gains greater hold – head ‘plane for open country and jump.
7./ If fire exhausted under no circumstances start engine again – carry on with forced landing.
[Page Break]
[underlined] Forced Landing Procedure [/underlined]
In case of engine breakdown instantly start to glide.
Select suitable field – when field in selected do not change from that field.
How to select field.
1/ Of firm level surface with sufficient room to execute an up-wind landing.
2./ A clear up-wind approach.
3./ Proximity to some means of communication.
4./ Opportunity for goof take off.
General causes of engine failure
1./ Ignition switch accidentally switched off.
2./ Petrol accidently turned off.
3./ Mixture accidently changed.
4./ Loss of air pressure in tanks.
[underlined] Procedure after forced landing. [/underlined]
1./ Safe-guarding of ‘plane
2./ Estimation of damage to private property.
3./ Examination of ‘plan
4./ Communication to R.A.F. nearest unit.
5./ [indecipherable word] of ‘ plane
6./ Information to be given – No. Rank Name
No. & type of plane
Home aerodrome & destination
Position as grid or bearing and distance
Amount of fuel left.
Damage to private property – if any.
State of aeroplane – give particulars of any damage.
Description of field – size – surface etc.
Detailed description of obstructions.
If room for up-wind take off.
[Page Break]
[underlined] Procedures to be adopted on leaving for cross country flights.[/underlined]
Report to duty pilot giving following information:-
1./ Name & Rank 1./ Unit
3./ Type and No of aeroplane 4./ No. of crew
5./ Destination 6./ E.T.A
[underlined] Procedure on arrival at destination after cross country flight[/underlined]
1./ Taxy to duty flight 2./ Switch off
3./ Give instructions as to fuel etc
4./ Report to duty pilot giving 1./ Rank and Name
2./ Unit
3./ No. of passengers
4. Where from
5./ Destination
6./E.T.A.
7./ If weather doubtful; obtain permission to leave from C/O.
[underlined]Moving of aeroplane in and out of hanger [/underlined]
Use correct lifting places only.
Do not push on trailing edges of wings or any other weak part of structure.
A competent person must be in charge of operations/
[underlined]Moving of aeroplane over bad ground [/underlined]
Inspect ground thoroughly before commencing movement. Ise wooden planks as support for wheels.
[Page Break]
[underlined] The duties of a duty pilot [/underlined]
1./ Responsible for control of aerodrome traffic.
2./ Responsible for despatch and receipt of aircraft and any signals concerning them.
3./ The signal area is under his control and he is responsible for the laying of the landing ‘T’. changing the circuit if and when necessary etc.
4./ To report bad flying and obtaining and supplying a weather report.
5./He must arrange that any special equipment such as for signalling or night flying etc. is on order and ready for use.
[underlined] The duty flights [/underlined]
The duty flight is indicated by a large hollow disc on a white standard and is detailed to attend to any visiting aircraft.
[underlined] The Watch Office [/underlined]
The watch office is situated in front of hangers on the tarmac. At stations with a variable circuit the roof of same is panted yellow.
[underlined]Circuit Rules [/underlined]
Circuits are left handed at all R.A.F stations except training stations and statin laid down in A.P. 129 App. 1 Para. 14. At these circuits are variable.
[underlined] Night Flying [/underlined] – At all R.A.F. stations when night flying is in progress – circuits left hand.
[Page Break]
[underlined] FLAPS [/underlined]
Flaps are fitted to the wings as a means if altering their effective camber and angle of attach in flight. Similar to ailerons the whole trailing edge of the planes between the ailerons and the wing root being hinged to form a flap coupled so that they move up and down together.
The best gliding angle of a plane is increased by the use of flaps enabling a steeper glide. They are useful on high speck aeroplanes for making the gliding angle steeper and so clearing obstacles that might otherwise have prevented them from landing.
When flattened out for landing flaps reduce the landing speed, on the ground they act as an air brake and reduce the run.
Certain types when slightly depressed increase the lift of the wings without appreciably increasing the drag therefore reducing the take off run.
SEE DRAINGS OVER PAGE
[underlined] Circuit Indication. [/underlined]
a) From the Air. At normal left hand circuits no ground sign at all. When circuits are variable a red right handed arrow will be displayed on corner of signal area to indicate right hand circuit is in force. Note – signal area situated near watch office, in it are displayed all ground signals.
b) From the ground. At normal left hand circuits no signal. Variable or [deleted] right [/deleted] [/inserted] left [/inserted] hand circuits – red flag hoisted.
[Page Break]
on watch office mast. A green flag is hoisted on same for a right hand circuit.
[underlined] Ground Signals[/underlined]. Ref. A.P. 129 App 1
[underlined]Red Square [/underlined] indicated that a special rule applying to civilians are not in use.
[diagram]
[underlined]Red Right-handed Arrow [/underlined] – Right handed circuit
[Diagram]
[underlined] Red Square with two yellow diagonals [/underlined] indicated total prohibition of landing
[Diagram]
[underlined] Red Square with one yellow diagonal [/underlined] bar – temporary obstructions – aerodrome parity unserviceable. Special care to be taken on landing.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined]Ground Signals Contd. [/underlined]
[underlined] A white hollow square of ground strip[/underlined] indicates bombing practice in progress. Sharp look-out to be kept for aeroplane bombing or diving. Land well away from target.
[Diagram]
[underlined] A red “G” on a triangular background[/underlined] indicated that aerodrome bas been subject to gas attack. Landing permitted but must taxi to upwind edge of aerodrome and wait till further orders.
[Diagram]
[underlined]A red “G” with a red strip underneath on a triangular base [/underlined]
Indicates that aerodrome has been subjected to gas attack and aircraft are not to land.
[Diagram]
[underlined]A yellow triangular equilateral pyramid hoisted on duty pilot’s mast [/underlined]
Indicated Lorenz beams in action. This is to warn pilots to avoid taxying across the beam.
[Diagram]
[underlined] A red ball 2’ in diameter, hoisted on mast and a white cross made by ground stripes [/underlined] Indicates parachute dropping in progress. Pilots are not to taxy, take -off or land. Tose in the air to fly to distance of not less that 2 miles from centre of ‘drome and not below 1.500ft.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined]A white ‘dumbell’ [sic] [/underlined] indicates that runways only are to be used for landing and take off.
[Diagram]
[underlined] FLAPS [/underlined] – continued from over page.
[Diagram] THE PLAIN LANDING FLAP
[Diagram] THE SPLIT FLAP
[Diagram] THE ZAP FLAP
[Diagram] THE HANDLEY PAGE SLOTTED FLAP
[underlined] Landing ‘T’ [/underlined] & black ball on watch office mast. Land in direction of ‘T’.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined] Navigation lights on single engine aircraft. [/underlined]
[Diagram]
[underlined] Starboard side[/underlined]:- Green light – constant to show unbroken light between two vertical planes when dihedral angle is 100 degrees – measured to the right from dead ahead. TO be visible for at least 5 miles.
[underlined]Port side [/underlined]:- Red light – constructed as starboard light. From dead ahead to the left. Visible for at least 5 miles.
[underlined] Rear [/underlined]:- White light – visible in a dihedral angle of 140 degrees bisected by a vertical plane through the line of flight, and visible for distance of at least 3 miles.
[underlined] Note [/underlined]:- The green and red side lights should be fitted so that green light should not be seen from the port side, nor the red light from starboard side.
[Page Break]
[underlined] PICKETING OF AEROPLANE IN OPEN [/underlined]
NOTE. This is a temporary measure to be adopted when no hanger space is available (To be carried out however settled the weather may appear to be).
[Diagram]
1./ Place aeroplane with head to wind in most sheltered position available.
2./ Control column to be lashed to neutral position
3./ Wheel brakes firmly applied.
4./ Chocks placed behind wheels – and in front if sufficient number available. (wheels may alternatively be placed in channels dug in ground.)
5./ Lashings to be fixed to mooring rings on [inserted] each [/inserted] wing tip, one leading forward and one to the rear.
6./ [inserted] x [/inserted] Lashings to be fixed from end of fuselage, away to each side from the tail skid or tail wheel bracket. (x- of wire or rope)
[Page Break]
[Diagram]
[underlined]PLAN OF VIEW OF MAGISTER RUDDER CONTROLS [/underlined]
1. RUDDER BARS
2. ADJUSTABLE RUDDER PEDALS
3. LINK PIVOTS
4. RUDDER BAR CONNECTING ROD
5. CONTROL CABLES
6. FAIR LEADS ON ELEVATOR COUNTER SHAFT BRACKETS
7. FIN
8. RUDDER
9. RUDDER LEVERS 9KING POSTS0
10. ADJESTABLE TURNBUCKLES
[Page Break]
[Diagram]
[underlined]ELEVATOR CONTROLS. MILES MAGISTER (SIDE VIEW) [/underlined]
1. Control columns
2. Torque tube.
3. Connecting rod.
4. Ball-race pivots
5. Elevator lever
6. Control Cables
7. Elevator Connector shaft
8. Connecting rod
9. Elevation lever
10. Tail Plane
11. Elevator
12. Rear torque shaft bearing.
[Page Break]
[Diagram]
[underlined]AILERON CONTROLS [/underlined]
[Page Break]
[underlined]Flying Controls [/underlined]
On modern small aircraft it is general practice to use cables throughout except at those points where the cables are greatly deflected out of their run. In such positions chains and sprocket wheels are used as the wear on a cable rounding a plain pulley wheel would be very great. Where the wire is only slightly deflected (less than 5°) fibre fair leads are used – split to facilitate the renewal of cables. If the deflection is more than five degrees a plain pulley is introduced to obviate unnecessary friction.
Turnbuckles are usually provided for the adjustment of cable. Controls in the cockpit are usually connected by means of bill plank levers.
[Page Break]
[underlined] RUNNING FAULTS [/underlined]
[a] SYMPTOMS [b] IGNITION DEFECTS [c] CARBORATION DEFECTS [d] LUBRICATIONSYSTEM DEFECTS [e] MECHANICAL DEFECTS [f] COOLING SYSTEM DEFECTS
[a] Engine will not start [b] Intermittent spark – defective magneto [c] No fuel [d] – [e] Loss of Compression – spark or valves loose [f] –
[a] Engine stalls [b] Sparks plugs oiled up [c] Defective fuel feed [d] – [e] Loss of compression – valves not seated properly [f] –
[a] Low oil pressure [b] – [c] – [d] Dirty oil filters [f] –
[a] High oil pressure [b] – [c] – [d] oil too cold – insufficient time to warm up [e] - [f] –
[a] Rough Running [b] Intermittent sparking. Requires adjusting [c] insufficient fuel supply – piping system obstructed. [d] [deleted] insufficient oil – tanks empty [/deleted] [e] Loss of compression valve not seated properly. [f] Engine too cold – insufficient time to warm up.
[a]Loss of power [b] no park – plugs oiled up [c] insufficient fuel supply – piping system obstructed [d] insufficient oil – tanks empty [e] loss of compression- valves not seated properly [f] insufficient cooling – air lock in system.
[a] Misfire [b] Spark plugs oiled up [c] water in fuel [d] excessive oil – badly fitted piston rings [e] loss of compression – valves not seated properly [f] –
[a] Popping back [b] wires disconnected [c] water or dirt in fuel [d] – [e] loss of compression valve springs broken [ Engine too cold – insufficient time to warm up.
[a] Black exhaust smoke [b] wires disconnected [c] unsuitable fuel [d] – [e] loss of compression - valve springs broken [f] Engine too cold – insufficient time to warm up
[a] Pre-ignition [b] Mags requires correct adjusting [c] unsuitable fuel [d] insufficient oil – tank empty [e] – [f] Insufficient cooling – air locks in systems.
[a] Overheating [b] Mags requires correct adjusting [c] unsuitable fuel [d] insufficient oil [e] loss of compression – valves not seated properly[f] Insufficient cooling – air locks in systems.
[a] Abnormal noises [b] Mags requires correct adjusting [c] unsuitable fuel [d] insufficient oil [e] loss of compression – valve springs broken Insufficient oil [f] –
[Page Break]
FOUR STROKE CYCLE
1.) [underlined]Induction [/underlined] Inlet valve open – piston moving downwards sucks in mixture.
[Diagram]
2.) [underlined] Compression [/underlined] Both valves closed – piston rising compressed mixture
[Diagram]
3) [underlined] Power [/underlined] Both valves closed. Spark fires mixture – mixture expands rapidly – forcing piston downwards.
[Diagram]
[underlined]Exhaust [/underlined] Exhaust valve open – upward movement of piston expels [indecipherable word] gases.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined]THE FOUR STROKE ENGINE [/underlined]
[Diagram]
The power is produced by the explosion of air when heated by the burning of fuel in it. The heat causes a rise in pressure which drives the piston down towards the crankshaft.
During the four strokes the crank shaft will have travelled through two revolutions i.e. 270°
[Page Break]
[Blank Page]
[Page Berak]
[underlined] ARMAMENT [/underlined]
[underlined] STRIPPING AND ASSEMBLING[/underlined]
[underlined] POINTS TO BE OBSERVED [/underlined]
Ensure gun is unloaded & block closed i.e.. Breach block forward.
Always use correct tool.
Do not use force.
Test each part, and the complete gun, for correct functioning whilst assembling.
[underlined] STRIPPING[/underlined]
[underlined] REMOVE FLASH ELIMINATOR [/underlined] Take out split pin and unscrew ante-clockwise.
[underlined] REMOVE BACKPLATE [/underlined] Disengage catch and slide upwards.
[underlined]REMOVE RETURN SPRING ROD AND SPRING [/underlined] Push forward the rod, disengage and remove rod and spring.
[underlined] REMOVE BREACH BLOCK [/underlined] Raise cover. Pull back cocking stud and remove.
[underlined] REMOVE LOCK FRAME [/underlined] Hold barrel in left hand and lock frame in right, press forward excelarator [sic] claw and disengage from barrel extension.
[underlined]REMOVE BARREL [/underlined] Raise barrel locking spring and support it on side of barrel extension, unscrew and remove barrel. Take out pin and remove breach block locking piece from barrel extension. Remove barrel locking spring.
[underlined]TO REASSEMBLE – REVERSE PROCESS [/underlined]
{Page Break]
[underlined]STRIPPING OF THE BREACH BLOCK [/underlined]
1./ Pull cocking lever to the rear and release sear to ease firing pin spring.
2./ Hold switchplate [sic], raise transponder and remove it. Take switchplate [sic] plunger and spring.
3./Pull out axis pin and remove cocking lever.
4./ Place rear spring retainer keeper in central position and push out from underneath.
5./ Remove rear spring retainer taking care rear spring does not fly out. Remove rear spring.
6./ Remove rear retainer and rear.
7./ Take out firing pin and spring.
[underlined]POINTS TO WATCH WHILST ASSEMBLING THE GUN. [/underlined]
Ensure that the chamfered edge of the locking piece id at the top and towards the front. Engage ‘T’ projection of barrel extension between ramps of exceleration [sic] and end of barrel return spring plunger and push home the lock frame.
When inserting components into breach casing depress rear sear to clear rear sear [inserted] lever [/inserted] from bottom plate, and fit rear sear release unit before group is right home. Depress plunger of lock frame retainer to clear side plate. When replacing breach block, firing pin must be contact and cocking lever forward.
Rear sear must be disengaged to allow breach block to go forward
[Page Break]
Breach cover must not be closed until barrel and breach block are fully home.
[underlined] Ring Sight[/underlined]
Data Required:-
Target speed = 100m.p.h = [calculation]
Range = 200 yds
Sight Base = 36”
Bullet Speed = 24440 ft. per. sec
[Diagram]
Assuming A/C’s speed to be 100 m.p.h. across line of sight and bullet speed 2440 ft. per sec. it will be necessary to aim approx. 40 ft in front of target at 200yds. This distance is arrived at by converting target speed to ft. per. Sec. (22/15) and as bullet will only take approx. 1/4 of sec. to travel 200 yds, the target must travel for that same period of time only. If sight base is fixed at 36” size of ring required can be found by simple proportion sum. Target speed in 1/4 sec. = 40 ft. deflection. Range 600 ft. Sight base 36” [symbol] [calculation].
[Page Break]
[underlined] Browning Gun – General Description [/underlined]
[underlined] Details [/underlined]:-
Length of gun with flash elimination 44 1/2”.
Length of barrel – 24”
Weight of gun – 21lbs 14oz.
Weight of gun with firing and landing mechanism – 22lbs 12 ozs
Rifting – Enfield system – 1 in 10” – left handed
No. of grooves – 5
Ammunition – all types of S.S.A. .303” Mark VII
Method of fuel – belt
Rate of fire approx. – 1150 rounds per min.
Mountings. Fixed position. Wing or cockpit Free position Turrets installation.
Gun divided into 2 portions – for description only – recoiling and Non – recoiling portions.
[underlined]Non – recoiling portions [/underlined]:-
1) Barrel casing, which included muzzle attachment & flash elimination
2) Ternion block
3) Blast tube adapter
4) Breach casing; which included right and left side plates a& their fitting, - back plate – top & bottom plates – breach grooves and fuel mechanism.
5) Lock frame – which included the acceleration – barrel return spring – rear sear and their components.
[Page Break]
[underlined] MECHANISM [/underlined]
[underlined] ACTION OF RECOIL[/underlined]
At moment of explosion, breach, barrel extension and breach block, recoil as a single unit for almost 5/16”. This ensures that bullet has left muzzle before breach block is unlocked from barrel extension. The locking pins hides cam, positive action being assured through the prongs of the lock frame, engaging with the locking piece pin, thus the breach block is freed from barrel extension and is enabled to continue it recoil movement independently of the barrel portion.
The recoil of the barrel causes the T-shaped projection on the barrel extension to engage the plunger and compress the barrel returning spring, the movement totalling about 5/8” is arrested when the barrel extension butts against the lock frame. At the same time the barrel extension pushes the accelerator upwards, backwards and over centre, until its two ramps are interlocked with the front face of the T piece projection of the barrel extension. This locks barrel extension to lock frame against the pressure of the barrel return spring. As the accelerator rotates backwards its sorns strike against the bent of the breach block thus accelerating the moving block sharply to the rear.
The breach block is moving backwards compresses the return spring and cancels the cockling lever, through the engagement with its cocking lever bracket – to [indecipherable word] forward and draw back the firing pin. The rear sear under the action of its spring engages the bent of the firing pin and holds it in the rear position. At the same time the round which is gripped between the claws of the transporter and ejector is withdrawn from the
[Page Break]
and carried by the transporter to the rear. The breach block [deleted] and [/deleted] as it moved away from the barrel extracts the empty case from the chamber. On reaching the end of the rear cam on the side plate the transporter plunger is compressed and forced down by the tamp on the breach cover. This action brings the live round its position in the cartridge guides of the breach block face – thus forcing out the empty cartridge case through the opening for ejection.
[underlined] RETURN ACTION [/underlined]
The recoil of the breach block is arrested when the breach block strikes the buffer on back plate. Provided that rear sear release unit is being operated, thus depressing the sear, the block flies forward in the rebound, its movement being assisted by the return spring. During the forward movement the live round is fed into the chamber, and when transporter plunger meets the front cam on the side plate the transporter is raised and ejector is lifted clear of the round.
When the bent on the breach block strikes the horns of the accelerator, it rotates forwards, allowing the barrel return spring to re-assert itself and return the barrel, barrel extension with the breach block altogether into the firing position. As the barrel piece pin is dis-engaged from the prop of the lock-frame and the locking piece riding up its incline and the locking piece cam engages the recess in the breach block & locks it to the barrel extension. Whilst the last movement is taking place the claw of the transporter engaged the next round in the belt under the action of the spring in the breech cover and the ejector embraces the next round to support it.
[Page Break]
[underlined] FEED MECHANISAM [/underlined]
As the breach block travels backwards and forwards the feed lever is caused to oscilate [sic] by the sliding of its stud in the cam grove in the breach block. During the backwards movement of the breach block the feed lever moves the feed slide across the belt until the feed pawl under the action of its spring engages behind the round which is held on the feed opening by the return pawl. When the breach block moves forwards the feed slide moving back and feeds in the belt. Double feed being presented by the feed pawl leg. At the same time a second round is brought in and held by the return pawl.
[underlined] REER [SIC] SEAR MECHANISM [/underlined]
When the firing control is operated the plunger of the rear release unit engages the rear sear lever causing it to rotate and depress the rear sear, until the bent is below the level of the lock frame plates, thus allowing the breach block to fly freely forwards. When the firing control plunger is released the plunger of the rear sear unit is withdrawn and the compressed rear sear spring raises the sear rear, as the breach block recoils its rear end strikes and depresses and overrides the rear sear which again [deleted] raises[/deleted] rises and engages the bent of the breach block as the rebounds off the buffer. As the two bents engage, the rear sear rotates forward which causes the rear sear cradle to rotate and compress the rear buffer spring, so absorbing the blow.
[underlined] FIRING MECHANISM [/underlined]
At the end of the forward movement of the recoiling portion the sear meets the projecting plunger of the fire and safe unit.
CONTD. OVER PAGE
[Page Break]
[underlined] Loading and Unloading [/underlined]
[underlined] Points to be observed before loading [/underlined]
1./ Ensue that cartridge and bullet stops are free and feed & retaining pawls react smartly.
2./ Cock the gun by means of loading handle and replace the loading handle forward, operate rear sear release unit by hand, and if breach block does not go fully home look for following :-
a./ Friction due to burns on breach block guides.
b./Incorrect adjustment of – or burrs on – locking pins cam.
c./ Bent return spring rod or weak return spring.
d./ Weak barrel return spring
e./ Fouling in muzzle attachment
f./ Dirt on brass clips in tension block.
[underlined]To load gun [/underlined]
1./ Ensure that firing control mechanism is set to [underlined] ‘SAFE’[/underlined]
2./ When feed is from right, single end of link must be towards gun, when from left, double end must be towards gun.
3./ Ensure breach cover is closed and cockling stud fully forward.
4./ Insert the belt and ensure first round is held by retaining pawl.
5./Lock the gun and depress rear sear release unit.
6./ Lock the gun and depress rear sear release unit.
7./ Set firing control mechanism to [underlined]’fire’. [/underlined]
8/. [underlined]Fixed installation only [/underlined] – gun is now loaded.
N.B. If, after cocking the gun there is no round in the breach block look for following: - defective transporter or ejector.
[Page Break]
[underlined] To unload the gun. [/underlined]
1./ Ensure the firing control mechanism is set to [underlined]’Safe’ [/underlined]
2./ Open breach cover and remove belt from feedway.
3./ Pull back loading handle, and whilst holding it in this position, vary the pressure, so that transporter may be raised, remove cartridge from guides on breach block, lower transporter and replace loading handle in the forward position.
4./Operate rear sear release unit and close breach cover.
5./ Cock gun, operate rear sear release unit and ease firing pin spring. (F.C.M TO [underlined] ‘FIRE’ [/underlined])
6./Gun is now unloaded.
[underlined] FIRING MECHANISM CONT’D [/underlined]
and is forced out of engagement with the firing pin. The firing pin spring thus released reasserts itself and forces the firing pin forward to strike the cartridge in the chamber and fore the round.
[Page Break]
[underlined] STOPPAGES [/underlined]
[a] POSITION [b] IMMEDIATE ACTION [c] RESULT [d] CAUSE [e] REMEDY
[a] FIRST [b] Cock the gun. Fre and watch feed [c] Gun Fires [d] Misfire [e] Nil
[a] – [b] – [c] Feed takes place but gun does not fire [d] I) Defective firing pin or spring II) Dirt, congealed oil or brass chips in firing pin way. III) Defective firing control or insufficient pressure. [e] [underlined] Unload [/underlined] (1) Change B.B reload and fire. II) Remove and clean B.B III) Examine and test F.C.M
[a] – [b] - [c] Feed does not take place. Gun does not fire. [d] I) Defective transporter on ejector II) Defective feed pawl spring III) Defective retaining pawl spring [e] I) II) & III)- change defective part, reload and fire.
[a] SECOND [b] Cock the gun and fire [c] Gun repeats stoppage [d] 1) Transporter fails to lift due to defective plunger II)loose link jammed in feedway. III) Cross feed due to cartridge journey in the feedway. IV)Separated case
[inserted] [underlined] Note [/underlined] [/inserted] (III) May also cause a stoppage in the first position. [e] [underlined] Unload [/underlined] I) Change transporter, reload and fire. II) Clear link, ensure that fuel pawl extension is in correct position, Reload and fire. III) Adjust belt. Reload and fire. (IV) If inspection indicates stoppage not due to above use cleaning plug to remove separated case unless brought out by sound on breach face. Reload and fire.
[a] THIRD [b] Cock the gun. Raise breach cover. Clear gun operate rear sear release unit. Close breach cover. Cock the gun. Fire. [c] 1) Gun fires 2) Gun separate stoppage [d] 1) Defective ammunition empty case not extracted from chamber or ejected from breach chock 2) Defective breach block, defective ejection [e] 1) Nil 2) [underlined] Unload [/underlined] 1) Change Breach block 2) change transponder reload and fire
[a] IMMEDIATE ACTION – The immediate application of a probable remedy for a stoppage based on the position of the cocking stud. It must not be considered to be complete until gun is again functioning satisfactorily.
POSITION OF COCKING STUD – 1st Position – At forward end of slot
2nd Position – from nearly right forward to half way back slot
3rd Position – More than half way back in slot.
[diagram]
[underlined] Notes [/underlined] Excessive fouling in muzzle attachment, defective barrel return firing on displaced barrel return spring or displaced barrel locking spring will cause stoppage in 2nd position.
Faulty breaching up of gun will cause a stoppage due to a separated case or to the recoiling portions not going fully forward (2nd position)
Broken transporter guide spring or bent or damaged return spring rod may cause stoppages in various positions.
[Page Break]
[underlined] CARE OF THE BROWNING GUN [/underlined]
Operation when gun is to be fired (Before each days flying)
1. Inspect gun, attachment or mounting for security.
2. Ensure that flash eliminator and muzzle attachment are clean and secure. Shift pin to be in good condition and opened.
3. Gun to function correctly – fit few links and drill cartridges, operate loading handle and rear sear release.
4. Clean and dry before using cleaning rod or Flannelette. 4” x2”
5. Clean and oil moving parts and working surfaces of casing.
6. Test fire & safe and rear sear release units for efficiency.
7. Inspect ammunition base and empty cartridge case chute for security and alignment.
8. Check the right for security, and in case of reflector sight, for continuity of circuit.
Operations at inspections between flight when firing is taking place.
1. Ensure gun is unloaded.
2. Check security of gun, its attachments and mounting.
3. Obtain firers report and if necessary make any exchanges.
4. If exchanges are made check functioning of gun.
5. Clean the bore, using single pull through, with gauze and flannelette which must be pulled through six times.
6. Remove flash eliminator and clear any fouling.
7. Remove fouling from muzzle attachment with [indecipherable word] which must enter up to the shoulder.
8. Inspect ammunition, from entry cartridge case chute and link chute for security & alignment.
9. Empty spent cartridge containers if fitted.
10. Check empty card and remove misfired rounds.
11. Examine the sight for damage and security.
Operation at end of days firing.
1. Unsure gun is unloaded. 2. Remove gun from aeroplane as soon as possible after firing and take to the armoury for cleaning. 3. Dismantle the gun.
[underlined]Barrel [/underlined] 4. Boil and dry 5. Inspect bore for chemical corrosion and metallic fouling which, if present, must be removed. 6. Try gauge, plug 303, if gauge does not run, repeat deshelling process. 7. Oil the bore. 8. Wipe exterior of barrel with oily rag. Ensure that chromium plating is clean, but no abrasive material or metal polish may be used for purpose.
[underlined]Breach and barrel casing. [/underlined] 9. Wipe the exterior with an oily rag. [underlined]Lock frame [/underlined] 10. Do not remove barrel return spring socket or rear sear cradle unless there are signs of rust. Wash in oil anti-freezing and then oil thoroughly. [underlined] Breech blocks, barrel extension or flash eliminator [/underlined] 11. Boil, dry and oil, except firing pin, which must be washed in oil anti-freezing. 12. Flash eliminator to be [indecipherable word] to remove fouling. [underlined]Feed mechanism. [/underlined] 13. Clean with an oily rag, dry and oil. [underlined] Return spring[/underlined] 14. Wash in oil anti freezing and wash with oil.
[underlined]Muzzle attachment. [/underlined] 15. To be cleaned in situ, with tool provided to remove fouling. 16. Examine parts for damage and exchange if necessary. 17. Remove all burns 18. By use of scratch card or N0.00 emery cloth, ensure that all signs of fouling are removed from following parts:- (I) Inside breach casing near breach of gun (II) Underside of breach cover (III) front face of breech block. (IV) The firing pin and its housing in the breech block. (V) The ejector (VI) The barrel extension (VII) Breech and muzzle faces of barrel. 19. Adjust cartridge head space when reassembling gun (breaching up) 20. Enter any firing, breakages and any exchange of parts in the gun history shoot.
[Page Break]
[underlined]THE VICKERS GAS OPERATED GUN. [/underlined]
[underlined]General Details [/underlined]
Length of gun including flash eliminator 40”
Length of barrel 20”
Weight of gun 19 to 20 lbs
Rifling -infield system – one turn in 10”.
No. of grooves – 5.
Ammunition used – all types of Mark 7.S.A.A. 30D.
[underlined] Method of feed. [/underlined] – Magazine – capacity of magazine No.1. Mark 1.60 rounds
No.2. Mark 1 100 rounds. [underlined] Rate of fire[/underlined] 950 rounds per minute.
[underlined]Mountings [/underlined]- air [deleted] surface [/deleted] [inserted]service, [/inserted] turret or free insulation, ground service – tripod
[underlined]Description of Gun. [/underlined] Gun is divided into two parts for discrimination purposes.
1./ Stationary portions 2./ Moving portion.
[underlined]Stationary portion consists of following groups: - [/underlined]
1./ Barrel with gas block, flash eliminator, right brackets & front magazine catch.
2./ Body with rear magazine catch, ejector, gas cylinder and barrel returning strap.
3./ Cocking handle with slide, catch and lug.
4./ Body extension with buffer, trigger mechanism and spade grip with safety catch.
[underlined] Moving portion consist of [/underlined]
1./ Piston with return springs and rod.
2./ Breach block with firing pin, feed piece & extractor
[Page Break]
[underlined]STRIPPING AND ASSEMBLING. [/underlined]
1. Ensure gun is unloaded.
2. Remove sights (if fitted).
3. Drive out securing pins to their fullest extent and remove body extension.
4. Withdraw return springs and return spring rod.
5. Pull back cocking handle and remove piston rod and breach block. Replace cocking handle in forward position.
6. Unscrew barrel strap bolt nut and remove washer bolt and barrel retaining straps & gun pivot.
7. Disengage barrel and gas cylinder from body.
8. Remove split pin and unscrew flash eliminator
TO REASSEMBLE – REVERSE PROCESS
[underlined] MECHANISM [/underlined]
[underlined] Cocking by hand. [/underlined] When cocking handle is pulled to rear, catch is released and allows cocking handle to move backwards. Cocking handle lug engaging to piston, causes it to be driven to the rear, unlocking and carrying with it, the breach block, compressing the return springs. If trigger us released, piston bent will ride over sear and depress it, but the rear spring will force rear up and engage it with bent of piston, holding it to the sear in the cocked position.
[Page Break]
[Blank Page]
[Page Break]
[Blank Page]
[Page Break]
63360” in one mile. [symbol] Water Aerodrome
[symbol] Seaplane Mooring 908-2730 – Geographical ref. point. Univ. System
[symbol] Danger Area. X= explosives L Mooring mast for airships
[symbol] Air Corridor [symbol] Aerodrome Controlled Zone
[symbol] Wireless station – Ordinary broadcasting station
[symbol] Wireless & Non directional Wireless beacon
[symbol] Lightship [symbol] Danger Area
[symbol]General ground sign X Explosives
[symbol] Airship Hanger [symbol] Prohibited Area
6080’ = 1 Nautical Mile 0 Landing ground
1’087’ = Geographical Mile = 1 minute of Lang at the Equator
[symbol] Balloon obstruction beacon.
[symbol]Landing Ground for Gliders
[symbol] 400 Unlighted obstruction – 400’ above sea level
[symbol] 400 Unlighted obstruction - 400' above sea level (Centre of base highest point of obstruction)
[symbol] Not aeronautical but possibly of use to aircraft} Radioelectric Station
[symbol] Communication with aircraft} Radioelectric Station
[symbol] Sending Met. Information} Radioelectric Station
[symbol] Non directional} Navigational radio beacons} Radioelectric Station
[symbol]Track indicating} Navigational radio beacons} Radioelectric Station
[symbol] Landing approach radio beacon} Radioelectric Station
[symbol] Goniometric} Radioelectric Station
[symbol]Air Navigation Light
[symbol]Track – indicating light
[Symbol] Marine light, light house or light buoy.
[Page Break]
[underlined]Navigation [/underlined]
[underlined] Principle of C.S.E.[/underlined]
Given:- Track = 240°. A/S 120K – W/V 300° 30 K.
[Diagram]
By [symbol] of velocities
By C.S.C.
[Diagram]
[underlined] C.S.C [/underlined]
[underlined]To find Track or G/S. [/underlined]
a) Set A/S on A/S scale (knots or MKK)
b) Turn wind plate to wind direction & set wind pin to wind speed.
c) Put slot of drift bar over wind pin and turn bearing plate until course is on course pointer.
d)Read of Track from Track pointer & G/S against wind pin.
[underlined] To find course and G/S[/underlined]
a) Set A/S on A/S scale & W/V as before
b) Turn bearing plate until track is against track pointer (T)
c) Read of G/S against wind pin.
[underlined] To find wind velocity [/underlined]
a) Set A/S on A/S scale
b) Turn bearing plate for course to register on course pointer.
c) Lift drift bar off pin & move it until track pointer in
d) against track. Make a pencil mark in slot of drift bar against G/S.
e) Set wind pin in centre. Drop drift bar over wind pin.
f) Turn bearing plate until pencil mark appears between wind pin and course pointer.
g) Read off [deleted] course [/deleted] [inserted] W/D [/inserted] against [deleted] W/D course [/deleted] [inserted] course [/inserted] pointer and W/S on scale from pencil mark to wind pin.
[Page Break]
[Diagram]
See Chapter 13 Para 1,2,3,4.
[inserted] Notes SEE NOTES OVER PAGE [/inserted]
[underlined] COURSE OF PROCEEDURE[/underlined]
1. Set Ground pressure
2. Set temperature
3. Set indicated height
4. Put indicated height at ‘I’
5. Read correct height at ‘C’
6. Put indicated A/S at ‘I’. read correct A/S at ‘C’.
[Diagram]
[inserted] Notes [/inserted]
[Page Break]
[underlined] The P.4. Compass[/underlined]
The P.4 is the standard pilots compass in the Royal Air Force. It is grid steering. A oslating [sic] grid ring is fitted above the bowl and can be locked in any position by means of a locking arm on the left side of the bowl. Two parallel grid wires are placed across the grid ring and the inner edge of the grid ring is graduated every 20.
[underlined] To [indecipherable word] course of aircraft.[/underlined] Turn grid ring until grid wires are parallel to the N. & S. wires magnet system & “N” on the grid ring registers with “N” wire. Then read course as indicated by lubber line against grid ring.
[underlined]To set a course. [/underlined] Turn grid ring until desired course is registered against lubber lines. Then turn aircraft until grid wires are parallel to N. & S. wires and the ‘N’ wire registers with ‘N’ on the grid ring.
[underlined]Advantages to P.$. Compass. [/underlined]
1/. Design permits compass to be mounted in positions other than directly in front of pilot without the effect of parallax becoming serious when given course is steered.
2/. Accurate course may be set and steered without concentrating on a small lubber line registering on a scale.
3/. Steering on a course at night is facilitated.
[underlined]Type P.6. compass. [/underlined] In all essentialities similar to P.4. Diameter is 2 inches smaller and weight is less than half. The magnet system has only 2 magnets while the p.4. has 4.
[Page Break]
[underlined]Acceleration and deceleration error. [/underlined]
[underlined]Acceleration error. [/underlined]
Suppose an aircraft to be flying in an easterly course in the northern hemisphere increases speed. To cause a body to accelerate, a force must be applied to it in the direction of motion. Thus a force ‘F’ is an easterly direction is applied to the magnet system at the pivot ‘P’, which is its sole point of attachment to the aircraft (see illus.) Owing to its inertia, the magnet system tends to lag behind. Hence a force due to the inertia, equal and opposite to that applied to the pivot, will act through the centre of gravity G. A clockwise rotation of the magnet system, i.e. an easterly deviation, results.
Acceleration on a westerly course causes westerly deviation, while [underlined] deceleration [/underlined] cause deviation in the opposite direction.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined] Magnetic Dip[/underlined] – correction of
[Diagram]
For the correction of dip the suppression methos is used.
The system is supported (at P) above its centre of gravity (G). The system will alt, when dip takes place, in the vertical plane about the N & S axis therefore displacing the centre of gravity so G is no longer directly below P- this displacement results in a couple which is equal to and directly opposes the couple caused be the dip – the whole system has a pendulum effect.
[underlined]The angle of the Dip. [/underlined] -At North Pole – 90°. Equator 0° Sthn. Lat. (England approx. 66°)
[underlined] Residential Dip.[/underlined] – or dip after correction.
[Diagrams]
1/. Magnetic needle with no dip
2/. Magnetic needle with considerable dip.
[underlined]Northerly turning error [/underlined] – Magnetic element moves in same direction as a/c. Indicates a) slower rate of turn than actual b) no turn at all c) Opposite turn.
A compass, owing to the fact that Earth’s Total Magnetic force is inclined. (In England) at an angle of 67° to the horizontal, is pivoted above its centre of gravity. This causes a pendulum effect compensating the effect of the magnetic dip.
Continued over page.
[Page Break]
[underlined] The Altimeter [/underlined]
The [underlined]Isothermal convention [/underlined] ensures that the ground pressure is 1032 millibars, and ground [deleted] pressure [/deleted] [inserted] temperature [/inserted] is 10° cont. and temp remains constant all the way up.
The I.C.A.N. convention assumes that the ground pressure is 1013 millibars and the ground temp is 15° cont. and decreases at the rate of [inserted] 1.98° cont. [/inserted] cent per thousand feet up to 36.090’feet where the temp. should be -56.5 ° cont. Above that is supposed to be constant.
[underlined] The instruments under each convention[/underlined]
[underlined] ISOTHERMAL[/underlined]- ALL altimeters except sensitive altimeters and computers.
[underlined] ICAN [/underlined] – Sentitive altimeters, computer and special testing instruments.
[underlined] Causes of errors with altimeters. [/underlined]
a/. Atmosphere condition different from those of conventions. (This may be corrected with computer)
b/. Lag – due to mechanical friction.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined]Dip – Turning error contd. [/underlined]
This has no effect on a course as long as the compass is horizontal, but when it is inclined about its N/S axis, it immediately obeys the force of dip and will swing towards this angle.
When on a Northerly course and the plane is banked to turn to the East the needle will immediately turn with the plane, while the plane is banked, but when the plane resumes the horizontal the needle will show the correct turn. Thus it can be seen that on a N. course the compass is sluggish.
On a Southerly course the needle will be very sensitive.
THE AIR SPEED INDICATOR
[Diagram]
[underlined] The Air Speed Indicator [/underlined]
Air is forced into the pitot tube and forms pressure in same which is transferred to the diaphram [sic] or capsule in the instrument. The higher the pressure the further does the capsule push the connecting arms which in turn rotate the lever attached is the needle registering the air speed. The calibration of the dial s not regular as the pressure in the pitot tube increases quicker than actual air speed and alowance [sic] is made for this. The hair spring behind the wheel attached to the pointer is to stop any backlash as the cogs are loosely corrected to prevent friction.
The Static Pressure head is not open at the end like the pitot tube but is perforated with small holes. A correcting tube leads to the actual casing of the instrument ensuring that the pressure of air in the instrument is roughly the same as the surrounding outside air. If this were not so the difference in pressure would influence the capsule or diaphram [sic].
[underlined]THE ELECTRICALY HEATED PITOT HEAD [/underlined]
This is very useful for high altitude flying when the whole pressure head may be heated at the pilot’s will should any moisture, which may have collected in the pitot.
[underlined] THE TRAPPED PITOT HEAD[/underlined]
This is used chiefly in the tropics to prevent insects clogging the pitot head. The filter inserted at the mouth of the pitot head ensure that no foreign substances passes in its cam.
[Page Break]
A.P. 1234 Chap. 5 Para 3.4.5.
Chap. 13. Para 1-5
Chap 11. Para 2-6. 8 &9
[underlined] THE A.S.I. CONTD.[/underlined]
[underlined]Positioning of the pressure head [/underlined]
The pressure head must be placed so that it is clear of airscrew slipstream or eddies, there is however always some eddy affecting the pressure of air in the pitot head and no causing a slight error in the reading of altitude. This is called ‘position’ error.’ In aircraft of similar type this should always be the same.
[underlined]A.S.I. Faults [/underlined]
A Slight amount of lag when changing air speed is caused by friction in the mechanism. The pressure head tubes should be parallel to the line of flight, if this is not so the air will not blow directly into the pitot tube and at the same time will blow into the holes of the static tube. To avoid this the angle between the pressure head and line of flight must not be more than 10° or the error will be so large as to render the instrument useless.
When the airspeed indicator is calibrated it should be accurate with the limit of + or – 2m.p.h. (1.75% of indicated w/s for 1,000ft to he added)
Stoppage of static or pitot tubes, darts, fruits in same or leaks etc, will cause serious errors.
[Page Break]
[underlined] THE COMPASS CONTD.[/underlined]
[underlined]THE APERIODIC TYPE. [/underlined]
The characteristics of the aperiodic compass are heavy damping and a large magnetic field moment compared to the [indecipherable word] of the system, which must be small. The damping is secured by fitting damping filaments- which are thin metal rods or glass tubes – to the magnet system, they project units of liquid, and, by reason of the resistance offered by the liquid, exercise the damping effect. The further the filaments project, the greater is the damping produced. A large magnetic moment is necessary in order that the compass shall not be sluggish in action. Usually four to six short, powerful magnetic needles are used instead of the two longer needles in the older type A. Small inertia is essential so the weight of the system as much as is practicable is reduced and by concentrating its mass as close to the centre as possible. The weight is usually 1/10th ounce in air. It is not feasible to fit a card of anything like the usual size without increasing the inertia too greatly. This has led to the special method of indication the chouse as in the P.4 and 0.3 types.
Such a heavily dampened system will never compete on oscillation after deflection, it follows that it cannot have a paradox time, accordingly it is described as aperiodic.
Advantages of the aperiodic system.
a/. After being disturbed it quickly returns to the meridian because of its strong magnetic moment and stops promptly on rearing its seating position by reason of its heavy damping.
b/. The magnet system is carefully balanced and is mounted on a suspension almost frictionless, consisting of a pivot, of german
[Page Break]
silver tipped with iridium, bearing in a cup of sapphire mounted on a stem attached to the bottom of the compass bowl in such a manner as will prevent the system from becoming unstripped. All parts of a compass other than the magnets themselves are made of non-magnetic material. For the bowl and container, brass is generally used, and the magnet systems are of german silver.
[underlined]LIQUID USED IN COMPASS [/underlined]
[underlined] Requirements[/underlined]:- Transparency and cheapness.
Low freezing point (for high altitude)
Small coefficient of expansion to prevent unduly large difference of volume of the liquid may not result from temperature changes.
ALCOHOL is found to be the most satisfactory liquid. Small viscosity.
[underlined]LIQUID SWIRL [/underlined]
A disadvantage of filling the compass with liquid is effect called ‘liquid swirl). As the bowl is turned the viscosity of the liquid causes some to be dragged round with the bowl, eddies are set up which tend to set up rotations of the magnet system; an efficient compass cannot therefore be made very small. Alcohol, through it small viscosity together with the cylindrical bowl minimises this effect but liquid swirl is still a noticeable cause of error during change of course.
[underlined]TO ENSURE COMPASS FIXED IN AREOPLANE FIT FOR USE [/underlined]
1/. Test for Pivot-stick
2/. Draw off magnetic system to one side – allow it to settle – do same to opposite side – difference should not be more than 1°
3/. Loko for bubble in liquid. Liquid should be clear.
4/. Grid ring to work properly.
5/. Move compass in all directions to test suspension system.
[Page Break]
[underlined] Cross Country Flight[/underlined] – standard procedure.
1/. Lay down intended track on map and study the whole of the track carefully, especially the first and last 15 or 20 miles.
2/. From available meteorological information select suitable height for flight. (Compute A/S for selected height)
3/. Calculate course, G/S, & E.T.A., enter these on route card or form 433.
4./ Mark off along track a distance scale at suitable intervals, say 10 miles.
5/. Draw 10° lines to the track at the aerodrome of dep. & arriv.
6/. Set calculated course on compass – note direction in which aerodrome should be left before taking off.
7/. Climb to selected height and trim A/C
8/. Fly over centre of aerodrome at the correct height and A/S and on calculated course.
9/. Note exact time of departure when over centre of aerodrome.
10/. Maintain accurate course until position of a/c can be checked in relation to a land mark, the check should generally be from 5-10 mins. After time of departure.
11/. If not on desired track – estimate number of degrees error.
12/. Alter course towards track by amount of error and note corrected course, then make small additional corrections to course to bring A/C gradually over track.
13/. When over track steer corrected course as noted.
14/. Take all available opportunities of calculating/S and mentally checking E.T.A
[Page Break]
[underlined]Cap.9. Paras 8 &9. [/underlined]
[underlined] The two point method for locating position[/underlined]
[Diagram]
A = Starting point B = Destination
X = Landmark y = Landmark
2.3. 4.5. = Set at equal distances – equal to distance between X & Y
The landmarks X & Y should be in sight of aerodrome so that method of finding curse to steer may be carried out [symbol].
[underlined] Method of use. [/underlined]
a./ Distance between X & Y is measured out along track.
b./ Time taken to travel from X – Y is worked out.
c./ Pilot checks each pint as he passes over it and notes time.
d./ Should he get lost before reaching next point he notes time and checks distance for that time on the track.
e./ He is then fairly certain not to be far away from estimated position. ([symbol])
[Page Break]
[underlined]The 10 ° line method of locating position [/underlined]
(if after 60 miles A/C is found to be 1 mile off track error is 1°)
[Diagram]
Double the error to return to track – then take off half to continue along it. [symbol] Finding course to steer when doubtful of wind (the two landmarks (X&Y) are reached and – looking back set in line with aerodrome – this gives course to steer x W/V.
[underlined] METHOD OF USE. [/underlined]
a) Pilot discovers he is off track and over landmark X.
b) Pilot finds landmark X is approximately half of 10°
c) He alters his course accordingly.
[Page Break]
[underlined]SCALES [/underlined]
Two types – Fully divided and Open Divided.
[underlined] The [deleted] open [/deleted] [inserted] Fully [/inserted] Divided Scale. [/underlined]
[Diagram]
In this scale the secondary divisions are marked all along the scale.
[underlined]The Open Divided Scale [/underlined]
[Diagram]
In this scale only one of the primary divisions is divided into secondary divisions, and the zero mark is the 2nd primary divisions from the left.
[underlined]To Construct a Scale [/underlined]
Example:- To construct a scale of 2” to 1 mile to show hundreds of yards.
The representation fraction [calculations]
To show 5.000 yds. The length of the scale line must be [calculation]
A line 5.68” in length must be drawn divided into 5 primary.
[Page Break]
divisions, and subdivided into 10 secondary divisions.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[underlined] TIME SCALES[/underlined]
Time scales are made with reference to the scale of the particular map being used and to the ground speed.
Example: - G/S 100-200 m.p.h. on 1/4” to 1 mile map.
[Diagram]
[Page Break]
[Blank Page]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
RAF notebook
Description
An account of the resource
Includes notes on the air force act, Kings regulations and air council instructions, the official secrets act, disclosure of information, communications to the press, complaints and grievances, testimonials, communication with officials, officers character impugned, bankruptcy, political meetings and candidates for parliament, smoking, gambling, intoxicants, civil employment, confidential reports, proceedings at inquest and other legal procedures as well as procedures following incidents/accidents. Continues with principles of flight and airmanship notes with text and diagrams.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Training material
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Forty page notebook with handwritten notes
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MRosserLV745193-190517-11
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription. Under review
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Claire Monk
military discipline
military ethos
military service conditions
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1908/36141/MPerryWRP1317696-170719-010001.2.jpg
825932ecfd9b043df670b2851c62403a
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1908/36141/MPerryWRP1317696-170719-010002.2.jpg
83c4226435de8f2acc6955f5b06b5270
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Perry, Pete
W R P Perry
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-07-19
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Perry, WRP
Description
An account of the resource
Sixty-nine items and an album sub collection with twenty-four pages of photographs.
The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant WR Pete Perry DFC (1923 - 2006, 1317696, 146323 Royal Air Force) and contains his log books, photographs, correspondence, memoirs and documents. He flew operations as a pilot with 106 Squadron.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Helen Verity and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] JAVA JIVE [/underlined]
I like coffee I like tea
I like the JAVA JIVE & it likes me etc
My father Flt Lieut Pete Perry DFC posted to RAF Metheringham Lincolnshire as a Lancaster Bomber Pilot in 1943/44. Their RT call sign was "Coffeestall", so to announce the Sqds arrival Pete & a couple of other pilots who formatted on him arrived
[page break]
singing the Java Jive over the R/T. The Station Commander didn't approve & strongly said so.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Java Jive
Description
An account of the resource
Note explaining why author's father and several pilots of 106 Squadron arrived singing Java Jive over the radio (R/T). Station commander was not impressed.
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1943
1944
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten note
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MPerryWRP1317696-170719-01
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
106 Squadron
aircrew
Distinguished Flying Cross
Lancaster
military discipline
military service conditions
pilot
RAF Metheringham
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2093/34671/SWeirG19660703v090020.1.jpg
e9b59f651abc155f2592e899ed055f9c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Weir, Greg. Flannigan, J and McManus, JB
Description
An account of the resource
Seventeen items. Collection concerns Flt Sgt James Flannigan who flew as a wireless operator/air gunner on 77 and 76 Squadrons in 1941, he failed to return from operations 31 October 1941 and J B McManus (RAAF), a Halifax pilot who flew operations on 466 Squadron in 1944-45. Collection contains their log books, mementos, parade notes, medals, documents and photographs.
Collection catalogued by Nigel Huckins
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-04-26
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Weir, G
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
J B McManus statutory declaration
Description
An account of the resource
Declares that he has 21 days recreation leave due to him.
This item was sent to the IBCC Digital Archive already in digital form. No better quality copies are available.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-08-04
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-08-04
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Australia
Victoria--Melbourne
Victoria
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Australian Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One page typewritten document with handwritten entries
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SWeirG19660703v090020
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
military discipline
military living conditions
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2093/34638/SWeirG19660703v090008-0001.1.jpg
aba1199c473ae308c77eefe58b289b10
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2093/34638/SWeirG19660703v090008-0002.1.jpg
488755e666761047e3357953b4c8f353
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2093/34638/SWeirG19660703v090008-0003.1.jpg
404a8aff622cfc47f68b45cf5cf5ec88
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Weir, Greg. Flannigan, J and McManus, JB
Description
An account of the resource
Seventeen items. Collection concerns Flt Sgt James Flannigan who flew as a wireless operator/air gunner on 77 and 76 Squadrons in 1941, he failed to return from operations 31 October 1941 and J B McManus (RAAF), a Halifax pilot who flew operations on 466 Squadron in 1944-45. Collection contains their log books, mementos, parade notes, medals, documents and photographs.
Collection catalogued by Nigel Huckins
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-04-26
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Weir, G
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] SQUADRON FALLING IN ON PARADE [/underlined]
D.W.O. calls “Markers”. On this command the right guide of each flight comes to attention, slopes arms if necessary, and marches out smartly to his appointed place in close column of flights.
D.W.O. calls “On – Parade”. On this command airmen, less Warrant Officers (who are to form up on the left flank facing their respective flights), are to slope arms if necessary before moving off to take up their positions on Parade. When in position, personnel are to correct their dressing from the right flank, order arms and stand at ease in succession from the right. Flight Sergeants move direct to their places in front of their flights, where they are to supervise the dressing if necessary.
D.W.O. calls “Squadron, Atten – tion. Stand at – ease. Call the roll.” On the command “Call the roll”, Flight Sergeants turn about facing their flights and call the roll, taking care to physically check the numbers on Parade and comparing this check with the names on the roll. As each man’s name is called he is to come to attention smartly, answer “Flight Sergeant (or Sergeant, or Corporal)”and remain at attention until the next man’s name is called. On completion of the roll call, Flight Sergeants stand their flights easy and again take post. As the roll is being called the D.W.O. moves to the left flank of the Parade, taking up a position ten (10) paces from the left flank and facing the centre flight.
D.W.O. calls “Flight reports”. On this command Flight Sergeants come to attention smartly, turn left and march to the flank, forming up in flight order from right to left three (3) paces from and facing the D.W.O. who collects reports.
D.W.O. calls “Flight Sergeants, About – Turn. To your flights, Quick – March.” On this command Flight Sergeants turn about and march back to their former positions.
D.W.O. calls “Pay attention to Orders”, and reads or cause to have read the Daily Routine Orders and any special detail.
D.W.O. calls “Fall in the Warrant Officers”. On this command the Warrant Officers standing by on the left flank come to attention and march smartly to their places in supernumerary ranks.
D.W.O. calls “Squadron, Atten – tion”, and reports to the Adjutant, giving him the state of the Parade before he hands over. The D.W.O. then takes up his position in rear of the first file (Not the guide) of the leading flight.
When the D.W.O. calls “Flight Reports”, Flight Commanders and supernumerary Officers are to move on to the Parade ground and form up six (6) paces from the right flank of their respective flights and facing the Parade and then stand at ease. Officers do not act on the commands of the D.W.O..
It is now the Adjutant’s Parade.
Adjutant calls “Officers, Take – Post”. Officers come to attention, salute without turning to a flank and move off smartly to their respective positions in close column. On this command the Flight Sergeants in charge of flights turn right, move out to the right flank of their flights, halt and await the arrival of their Flight Commanders to whom they are to report the state of the flight before handing over. After handing over Flight Sergeants are to turn about and move round the left flank of their flights to their position in rear.
……………../2
[page break]
- 2 -
Supernumerary Officers take up a position one pace in rear of supernumerary N.C.O.s, spaced at regular intervals. The Flight Sergeant takes post in the centre of the supernumerary N.C.O. rank. The Flight Commander takes post three (3) paces in front of the centre of his flight.
Adjutant calls “Flight Commanders, Inspect your flights”. On this command Flight Commanders salute, turn right and move to the right flank of their flights. Flight Sergeants turn right and move round to the right flank to accompany their Flight Commander on inspection.
Flight Commanders call “No. – Flight, Open order – March. Right – Dress. Eyes – Front”. “Flight will fix bayonets”. “Fix – Bayonets – Atten – tion”. The inspection is now carried out. At the completion of the inspection the Flight Commanders calls “Flight will unfix Bayonets”. “Unfix – Bayonets”. “Attention”. “For inspection – Port – Arms”. If it is desired to examine all rifles, the flight is cautioned “Remain at the Port”, on completion of this inspection the Flight Commander calls “Examine – Arms”. On completion of this inspection, each man is to ease springs, order arms and stand at ease when the Flight Commander has passed the second man from him. The last two men in each rank are to perform these movements together.
After completion of inspection Flight Commanders dismiss their Flight Sergeants and then move round to the front of their flights.
Flight Commanders call “No. – Flight, Atten – tion. Flight will fix bayonets, Fix – Bayonets. Atten – tion. Close – order – March. Right – Dress. Stand at – Ease”, and Flight Commanders take post.
When the Adjutant sees that all Flights have completed their inspection and are once again in close order with Flight Commanders in position, he calls “Squadron, Atten – tion. Tell off by Flights”. On this command Flight Commanders from front to rear call out the number of their flight, the first and last Flight Commander calling out the word “Flight” after the number.
Adjutant calls “Nos. 1, 3 and 5 flights, Stand at – Ease”. “Nos. 2, 4 and 6 flights, Stand at – Ease”. “Squadron, Atten- tion”. The Adjutant then turns about and marches smartly to where his Squadron Commander is standing, halts, salutes, reports the state of the Parade and hands over, salutes, turns right and moves round to take post two paces to the right rear of the Squadron Commander.
It is now the Squadron Commander’s Parade. If the Squadron is acting independently, the Commander may place himself where he can best supervise the Squadron. If the Squadron is forming part of a Parade, the Squadron Commander and Squadron Adjutant take post – Squadron Commander six (6) paces in front of the leading flight Commander; Adjutant two (2) paces right rear of Squadron Commander. Squadron is stood at ease by Squadron Commander. Squadron is stood at ease by Squadron Commander.
When all Squadron Commanders have taken post, the Wing Adjutant calls “Wing Atten – tion. Squadron Reports”, and then calls “Tell off by Squadrons, Nos. 1, 3 and 5, etc. etc., Wing Atten – tion”, and hands over to the Commander of the Parade. The next procedure is the colour hoist, at the completion of which the Commander of the Parade gives the command “Wing will march past in column of route from the right, No. – Squadron Leading”.
Squadron Commander gives the command “No. – Squadron, Move to the right in column of route – Right Turn”.
………………/3
[page break]
- 3 -
Officers and N.C.O.s in supernumerary ranks turn right, then turn about and take up their position in threes in the rear of their own flight; N.C.Os one (1) pace in rear of the left guide and Flight Sergeant, Officers one pace in rear of the N.C.O.s.. Squadron Commander takes up his position six (6) paces in front of No. 1 Flight Commander with Adjutant two (2) paces in rear, and D.W.O. two (2) paces in rear of Adjutant. Flight Commander takes up position two (2) paces in front of flight. No. 1 Flight Commander gives the command “No. 1 Flight, Quick – March”. Other Flight Commander give the order “No. – Flight, left wheel, Quick – March”, allowing the correct distance, five (5) paces between flights. The command “March” should be given when the right feet of the flight in front are on the ground. Approaching the saluting base the Squadron Commander gives the command “No. – Squadron, Flight in succession, Eyes – Left”. The Flight Commanders in succession calls “No. – Flight, Eyes – Left”. (“left” on the left foot), the flight take one check pace with the right foot and, as the left foot is again coming to the ground, turn head and eyes smartly to the left. (The left guide of each flight does not turn his head or eyes.) As the leading flight is passing the Commander of the Parade, the Squadron Commander calls “No. – Squadron, Flights in succession, Eyes – Front”, after flights have passed the saluting base Flight Commanders in succession Call “No. – flight, Eyes – Front”. (“Front” on the left foot). The flights take a check pace with the right foot and, as the left foot is again coming to the ground, turn head and eyes smartly to the front.
The Squadron march in column of route to the Squadron Parade ground and the Squadron Commander then gives the command “At the halt, facing left, form close column of flights”. No. 1 Flight Commander calls, “No. 1 Flight – Halt”, (the right guide and the leading file of three turn left and cover off) “Flight, into line, Left – Turn, By the right”. The remaining Flight Commanders lead their respective flights to a point twelve paces distance to the rear of the previous flight, halt their flights, (the right guide and the leading file of three turning left and taking up their covering from No. 1 Flight) giving the command “No. – Flight, into line, left – Turn – by the right”. Supernumerary Officers and suppernumerary [sic] N.C.Os. about turn and resume their former position at the rear of the flight. The Flight Commander takes up his position three paces in front of the centre of his flight.
The Squadron Commander gives the order “Order – Arms, -- Open Order – March”. “Squadron will unfix bayonets, -- Unfix, - Bayonets”. “Atten – tion”. “Close order – March, Right – dress, Eyes – Front”. “Fall out the Officers”. All Flight Commanders hand over to their Flight Sergeants, who take post in front of their respective flights.
All Officers march out smartly and form up in a semi-circle, senior Officers on the right, juniors on the left, with the centre of the semi-circle not less than six paces from the Squadron Commander. When the Officer on the right flank sees that all Officers are formed up, he is to take a pace forward and salute. On this salute all other Officers are to salute and, if the Squadron Commander does not give any further orders when he acknowledges the salute all Officers then turn right and march off in rear of the Squadron Commander where they halt, face the parade and stand at ease until the parade is dismissed or marched off.
If the Squadron Commander has not already given orders regarding the disposal of the parade, the Squadron Adjutant is to await further instructions and then pass same on to the D.W.O.
Should the command be given “Fall out the Officers, except Squadron Adjutant”, the Squadron Adjutant remains in command of the Squadron until further orders are given.
Officers do not salute on the command “Fall-out the Officers”, but are to salute when instructed to fall out on other occasions.
[signature]
(M.C. PEARSON) Flight Lieutenant,
[underlined] Adjutant No. 76 Squadron, R.A.A.F. [/underlined]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Instructions for 76 Squadron RAAF parade
Description
An account of the resource
Detailed instructions for squadron parade with all commands and actions required. Signed by adjutant 76 Squadron.
This item was sent to the IBCC Digital Archive already in digital form. No better quality copies are available.
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Australian Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Three page typewritten document
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SWeirG19660703v090008
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription. Under review
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
76 Squadron
military discipline
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1970/33736/MWakefieldHE174040-171016-330001.1.jpg
743b213119784bd9bfc47f559c202d97
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1970/33736/MWakefieldHE174040-171016-330002.1.jpg
f8497432f7545510c1652161d2a974d2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Wakefield, Harold Ernest
H E Wakefield
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-10-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Wakefield, HE
Description
An account of the resource
93 items. The collection concerns Harold Ernest Wakefield DFC (1923 - 1986, 1582185 Royal Air Force) and contains his log book, documents, training publications, decorations and badges, training notebooks, correspondence, newspaper cuttings, photographs and parachute D ring.
He flew operations as a flight engineer with 51 and 617 Squadrons.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Jeremy Wakefield and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] ROYAL AIR FORCE NO. 6 SECURITY CONTROL SECTION. [/underlined]
[underlined] TRAVELLERS DECLARATION. [/underlined]
(Censorship)
NAME WAKEFIELD, H.E. RANK F/O
NUMBER 174040 UNIT 1332 H.C.U. RICCALL
DECLARE that I have not in my possession:-
Any letter, document, picture, photograph, sound track, record or any other article whatsoever recording information than:-
(a) Non official documents submitted for pre-censorship and carried in a closed packet under the seal of the Base Censor.
(b) "TOP SECRET" or "SECRET" official documents carried with consent in writing of (Rank and name)
[underlined] NOTE [/underlined] This consent in writing can only be given by a general officer or his immediate representative, not below the rank of Brigadier, or an Officer of equivalent rank in the Royal Navy, or the Royal Air Force, or the head of a Diplomatic Commission, A High Commissioner, or the head of a Colonial Administration, for homeward transmission.
(c) Non Secret Official Documents carried in a sealed packet under the seal of my Department or at the discretion of an Officer not below the rank of Lieutenant Colonel or his equivalent in other Services.
ANY ARTICLE ACQUIRED otherwise than for my personal use or as a gift for my relatives or friends.
(a) Any arms, Government equipment or material not officially issued to me from Service sources.
(b) Any material taken from the enemy in the Field.
Any money or valuable securities, the transfer of which from one country to another is prohibited.
SIGNED H.E. Wakefield at RABAT/ SALE
DATE 19//9/45 1945.
(1) This declaration is to be produced on demand at any Staging place route and is to be given up only at the final destination.
[page break]
ROYAL AIR FORCE POLICE
NO 6 Security
CONTROL SECTION
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Travellers declaration - RAF police security control document
Description
An account of the resource
Printed form filled out for Wakefield H E of 1332 HCU Riccall, that he did not have any restricted or classified documents, gifts, arms or articles taken from enemy in the field.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-05-19
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-05-19
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Yorkshire
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Typewritten document with handwritten entries
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MWakefieldHE174040-171016-33
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
military discipline
military service conditions
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2044/33128/PProbynEA17010017.2.jpg
76ef7463789edf93d945e4d397380091
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Probyn, Ernest. Scrapbook
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-04-23
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Probyn, EA
Description
An account of the resource
42 items. Scrapbook containing photographs and clippings.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
EXTRACTS FROM LETTER FROM AIR CHIEF MARSHAL
[underlined] SIR ARTHUR HARRIS, KCB., OBE., AFC. [/underlined]
“I have always considered that the strain imposed by sustained Bomber operations requires that aircrew personnel should enjoy the maximum amount of freedom from restraint and should be relieved, as far as can be done without loss of efficiency, of routine Station duties. This policy, and I can see no reason for changing it, places on Station, Squadron and Flight Commanders the responsibility for ensuring that such privileges are not abused.”
“Unfortunately, my attention is continually drawn to the lack of discipline prevalent amongst operational aircrew, and to causes of complaint such as irregularities of dress, lack of smartness in bearing and appearance, slackness in saluting and a degree of untidiness in some of their living quarters which practically amounts to squalor. Apart from the bad impression created both inside and outside the Service, such symptoms cannot help but have an adverse effect on the behaviour in the air of the personnel concerned, as conditions of modern warfare, and in particular the gruelling task of Bomber crews, demand instantaneous and unhesitating obedience to orders, combined with a degree of physical and moral stamina which can only result from a high standard of self-discipline.”
“The junior aircrew members of today are the Flight and Squadron Commanders of tomorrow, and the Station and Base Commanders of the future, and unless they grow up with an understanding of, and a sincere regard for, the right ideals and best traditions of the Service, our efficiency and our prestige will inevitably decline. The conduct of our aircrews on operations has won, and continues to win, the admiration of the world. It is particularly undesirable, therefore, that their conduct on the ground should fall short of this magnificent standard, and should excite unfavourable comment by the other members of the Royal Air Force, by other Services, or by the general public.”
“Constant steps must be taken to see that aircrew personnel take sufficient physical exercise to keep them fit, particularly during lulls in operations. They must be educated in matters of general, as well as Service knowledge. They must be made aware of the achievements, both past and present, of the Royal Air Foce, [sic] and thus gain pride in their membership of our Service. Finally, they must be reminded that, as aircrews of Bomber Command, they form the spearhead of the national offensive, and as such can lay claims to be called a “crack Corps”, but that every “crack Corps” which has ever existed in any arm of the Services in any country, has been distinguished for its all-round efficiency, smartness and esprit-de-corps, just as much as for its valour and fighting skill. Let us see to it that Bomber Command aircrews do not forfeit in the eyes of the world, through ignorance fostered by poor leadership, their full claim to that title.”
[black and white head and shoulders photograph of Ernest Probyn in cadet uniform]
Self as Cadet Aircrew.
[black and white photograph of Ernest Probyn in Sergeant’s uniform, standing in front of trees next to a fence]
Self as Sgt. A/G at No. 17 O.T.U. R.A.F. Silverstone
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ernest Probyn and Letter from Sir Arthur Harris
Description
An account of the resource
Two photographs of Ernest, the first as a cadet, the second captioned 'Self as Sgt A/G at No 17 OTU RAF Silverstone'.
The letter is a morale booster to encourage his airmen.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two b/w photographs and one typewritten sheet on an album page
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PProbynEA17010017
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending text-based transcription. Under review
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Northamptonshire
17 OTU
aircrew
Harris, Arthur Travers (1892-1984)
military discipline
military ethos
military living conditions
military service conditions
Operational Training Unit
RAF Silverstone
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/193/30992/MYeomanHT104405-190417-01.1.pdf
46aacb628f8dd21cf58b4b1b5b8cc563
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Yeoman, Harold
Harold Yeoman
Harold T Yeoman
H T Yeoman
Description
An account of the resource
31 items. Collection concerns Harold Yeoman (b. 1921 1059846 and 104405 Royal Air Force). He flew operations as a pilot with 12 Squadron. Collection contains an oral history interview, a memoir, pilot's flying log book, 26 poems, a photograph and details of trail of Malayan collaborator.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Christopher E. Potts and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-10-28
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Yeoman, HT
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
ENB/SEE.
BRITISH MILITARY ADMINISTRATION (MALAYA)
MILITARY COURTS
CHARGE SHEET
(RULE 9)
Place
Date
Name of accused . . . CARLILE DA SILVA
is hereby charged with the following offences:- [inserted] Case No.4 of 1946. [/inserted]
[underlined] Particular of Charge [/underlined]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted][underlined] 1st Charge [underlined] [inserted][Symbol] Guilty [/inserted]
[deleted] [inserted] NG [/inserted] [/deleted]
You are charged that with intent to assist the enemy, you did act or acts which would be likely to assist the enemy, more particularly, in that on divers [sic] dates between January and December, 1943, and again on divers [sic] dates between January and August, 1944, in Penang, you gave assistance to the Japanese Secret Police to effect the arrest and imprisonment of certain British subjects then resident in Penang Island, to wit,
[inserted] 1st Wit. – [/inserted] GERALD SHARPE SCULLY, medical practioner [sic],
[inserted] 2nd Wit. – [/inserted] JACK ROZELLS, Field Security agent, [inserted][underlined] 5 years R.I. [/underlined] [/inserted]
[inserted] No. 9 – [/inserted] LIONEL CLARENCE COLUMBA FOLEY, employed with the Eastern Smelting Company Limited
[inserted] 3rd wit. – [/inserted] MICHAEL HILARY FOLEY, of the Royal Corps of Signals,
[inserted] 5th wit. – [/inserted] PETER MARVYN FOLEY, Royal Corps of Signals,
and others;
whose arrest and imprisonment were in consequence attributable to you, and that you thereby committed and offence punishable under Regulation 31 of the Defence Regulations 1939.
[underlined] ALTERNATIVE FIRST CHARGE [/underlined]
[inserted] NG [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] You are charged that you, with intent to help the enemy, you did an act or acts designed to give assistance to the Military operations or the enemy or to endanger life, more particularly, in that on divers dates between August and December, 1943, and again on divers dates between January and August, 1944, in Penang, you treacherously informed the enemy against certain British subjects and British protected persons, who were working on behalf of the Allies, and in consequence of which the said British subjects and British protected persons were [underlined] imprisoned and tortured [/underlined] by the Japanese Secret Police, which imprisonment and tortures were directly attributable to you, and that you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 3 of the War Offences Ordinance 1941.
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] [underlined] 2nd Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [/inserted] [inserted] [underlined] 1 year. [/underlined][/inserted]
You are charged that you between November, 1943 and April, 1944, at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to JACK ROZELLS, Field Security agent, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] [underlined] 3rd Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [/inserted] [inserted] [underlined] 6 months [/underlined][/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between November, 1943 and May, 1944, at Penang, [/deleted] [inserted] on or about 22nd Nov 43 [/inserted] voluntarily caused hurt to LIONEL CLARENCE COLUMBO FOLEY, employed with the Eastern Smelting Company Ltd., and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[inserted] NG [/inserted]
[underlined] 4th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [/inserted]
You are charged that you between November, 1943 and February, 1944, at Penang, voluntarily caused grievous hurt to MICHAEL HILARY FOLEY, of the Royal Corps of Signals, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 325 of the Penal Code.
[inserted] 12 charges of hurt [/inserted]
[Page Break]
-2- CHARGE SHEET [underlined] CARLILE [/underlined]
[underlined] ALTERNATIVELY [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted]
[inserted] NG [/inserted]
You are charged that one HASHI MOTTO on divers dates between November 1943 and February, 1944, at the Prison and elsewhere in Penang, did commit an offence, to wit, voluntarily caused grievous hurt to one MICHAEL HILARY FOLEY, of the Royal Corps of Signals, and that you the said CARLILE DA SILVA at Penang, aforesaid abetted the commission of the said offence, which was committed in consequence of the said abetment, and that you have thereby committed an offence punishable under sections 109 and 323 of the Penal Code.
[underlined] 5th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 6 weeks [underlined][/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] ? [/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between August, 1943 and March, 1944, at Penang [/deleted] [inserted] in or about Aug 43, on divers dates [/inserted], voluntarily caused [deleted] grievous [/deleted] hurt to PETER MERVYN FOLEY, of the Royal Corps of Signals, and you thereby [inserted] admit to [/inserted] committed an offence punishable under Sec. 32 [deleted] 5 [/deleted] [inserted] 3 [/inserted] of the Penal Code. [inserted] Sample [indecipherable word] [/inserted]
[underlined] 6th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 month [/underlined] [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between [/deleted] [inserted] on or about 14th [/inserted] August, 1943 [deleted] and March, 1944, [deleted] at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to ALPHONSE CARRIER, dresser in the General Hospital, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[underlined] 7th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 month [/underlined] [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between August, 1943 and March, 1944, [/deleted] [inserted] on or about 17/9/45 [/inserted] at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to JAMES BOYLE, Clerk, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[underlined] 8th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 year [/underlined] [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] You are charged that you [deleted] between August, 1943 and March, 1944, [/deleted] [inserted] in or about Oct 45 on divers dates [/inserted] at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to EUSTACE LA BROOY, of the Penang Harbour Board, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] [underlined] 9th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 year [/underlined] [/inserted]
You are charged that you between December, 1943 and August, 1944, at Penang, voluntarily caused [deleted] grievous [/deleted] hurt to [deleted] TEO SHU PING [/deleted] [inserted] DIO SEE BENG [inserted] coffee shop assistant, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code. [inserted] And to Simple [indecipherable word] [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] ? [/inserted] [underlined] 10th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 year [/underlined] [/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between May, 1944 and July 1944, [/deleted] [inserted] in or about Aug 1944 [/inserted], at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to MICHAEL GEORGE FOLEY, food inspector, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] [underlined] 11th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 year [/underlined] [/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between [/deleted] [inserted] on or about 12th [/inserted] December, 1943 [deleted] and June, 1944 [/deleted] at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to TANG YOK HENG, cook, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[underlined] 12th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 month [/underlined] [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] You are charged that you [deleted] between March 1944 and July, 1944 [/deleted] [inserted] in or about 1944, on unspecified date [/inserted] at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to YAP NGIT FOONG, unemployed, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the Penal Code.
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted] [underlined] 13th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 1 year [/underlined] [/inserted]
You are charged that you between April, 1944 and August 1944, at Penang, did voluntarily caused [sic] hurt to MAT SAAT BIN MAT TOI, woodcutter, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Sec. 323 of the PENAL CODE
[Page Break]
-3- CHARGE SHEET – [underlined] CARLILE [/underlined]
[underlined] 14th Charge [/underlined] [inserted] [Symbol] Guilty [underlined] 6 months [/underlined] [/inserted]
[inserted] [Symbol] [/inserted]
You are charged that you [deleted] between [/deleted] [inserted] in or about [/inserted] November, 1943 [deleted] and April, 1944 [/deleted] at Penang, voluntarily caused hurt to LIM BAN SIEW, clerk, and you thereby committed an offence punishable under Section 323 of the Penal Code.
The above charges are referred for trail to the Superior Court to be held at Supreme Court on the 5th day of February, 1946, at 10 o’clock in the forenoon.
By Order
Signature (Sd.) E.N. Blacklock, Major,
D.P.P.
Person preferring charge.
Copy of above serves on accused . . . 1946.
Signature
Person making service.
[inserted] President concurred with all findings of Guilty [/inserted]
[Page Break]
[underlined] Prosecution Witness [/underlined]
1. Scully
2. Rozells
3. M.H. Foley
4. La Brooy
5. P.M. Foley
6. McLean
7. MG. Foley
8. A. Carrier
9. L.C.C Foley
10. Boyle
11. Dio See Beng
12. Yap Ngit Foong
13. Mat Saad Bin Mat Tai
14.Teng Yok Beng
15. Lim Ban Siew
16. O.J. Foley
17. Insp Chin Kim Weng
18. Abdul Baki
19. Capt. Stret
20. F/L Dawson
[underlined] Defence Witnesses [/underlined]
1. da Silva
2. Joyce Phipps
3. Simon Barnabas
4. Brother Paul
5. A.P.P Rudra
6. Brother Jean
7. T.R. Scott
8. Marcel Carrier
9. F.A. Reutens
10. E.P Bathatcher
11. D.G. Sami
[Page Break]
(1.) Case No 4 of 1946
Det Sub Inspector – de S. [da Silva] RH man of Hashi Moto
[underlined] 1st witness [/underlined] [underlined] Dr. Scully [/underlined] of Penang.
[underlined] SCULLY [/underlined] [inserted] 1 [/inserted] [inserted] Major Blacklock (KOSB) prosecuting (Deputy Public Prosecutor) Mr Khou Eng Eang for accused [/inserted]
Practiced until 14/9/43, [deleted] Then “taken in “[/deleted] 4 am. that day 2 Japanese & 1 Malay came to house, wife answered the door – rushed upstairs and asked Scully if he was Dr. S. Examined upstairs of house. While search in progress, dressed. Nothing (?) found upstairs, went downstairs. Asked where radio was. S. pointed out radio. 1 Jap examined & the other carried on search of premises. Nothing found, asked S. to follow them. [deleted] At door, told S man watching back door & asked [/deleted] Taken by car to Gaol. Locked in cell. Next day, (15/M) SONG TOH from Police [deleted] Barracks [/deleted] [inserted] HQ Penang RD [/inserted] came to gaol & took S to police [deleted] Barracks [/deleted] [inserted] HQ [/inserted]. Taken to HASHI MOTO’s office. (chief Police offr) Song Toh asked home to write statement and conversation. Then DE [sic] SILVA brought in by Song Toh. Scully thinks he was a Police official. NO conversation between Hashi Motto and da Silva. da S in plain clothes. da S. asked Scully to make statement. Scully told him he did not know reason for arrest. da S told Sc. that JACK ROZELLS had [deleted] admitted [/deleted] described a radio which was in Sc fathers’ home and implied Sc knew of it. Sc admitted this. da S told so that [symbol] father refused to have radio in his home, radio was subsequently moved. Sc told da S he did not know where radio has been moved to. da S accused Sc of listening in & Sc [underlined] admitted [/underlined] listening in. No further questions but IDA the Jap I.O., in broken Malay & by signs conveyed to him that he (Sc) had been ‘disseminating’ “war news” at a certain place. Sc denied this. Hashi Moto got up, went to centre of office & shouted at him in Japanese. Interpreted [deleted] to [/deleted] that Hashi Moto had been Police Insp in Japan for over 10 years & that SC could not bluff him. H.M [Hashi Moto] still raving & slapped Sc 2ce on the face & threw Sc down on his back. Picked up and threw down again then picked up & hit 2ce on jaw, raving all the time. Sc. appealed to da Silva, who was standing against wall, who had witnessed the scene. – You are Eurasian, please testify as to the character of Eurasians.
[inserted] Language used? [/inserted]
Answer – Your conscience should direct you – then Hashi Moto. “He is the brother of ex-inspector Scully who refused to work with us” Then a talk between Japanese. Told Sc he could go back (home) but that he would want a statement from Sc about the four people talking? Came out of Police HQ with Da Silva but Ida took Sc to the gaol. On 25th and 27th [deleted] De [/deleted] November 1943. [inserted] 1st December [/inserted] interrogated by Ida. Accused not present at these interrogations which were carried out in the goal//
Next saw da S on 8/2/44, when he [deleted] took [/deleted] [inserted] meet [/inserted] Sc [deleted] in [deleted] [inserted] from gaol [/inserted] Police HQ to sign something. Asked “Do you know the house of Guan Kian? You
[Page Break]
will have to direct me to his house. You will to down with me to sign the investigation ‘papers’. Taken by da S in car to Police HQ and to da S’s office. Brought out inv. papers on Scully and asked Sc to read through & sign. Sc read through papers & found everything in a jumble. Told Sc that a few names were not in. Sc told him they had not been given to him, da S insisted they should be in, took up I.P. of another man & pointed out the name. Sc told ds. that he had not given that particular name, so name was left out. [deleted] Sc [/deleted] da S retyped whole IP & asked Sc to sign. Sc signed & was sent to Carnarvon St Police Stn [Station] – under plain clothes escort. da S remained behind.
On or about 10/2/44, da S came to Sc by night. In Carnarvon St Police Stn (Where he was detained in all from 8-14/2/44) da S took Sc out in car to direct him to Guan Kiang’s house. [deleted] SC did [/deleted] GK had helped Sc to make alterations to the radio. Sc showed him house. GK had malaria and beri-beri & was charged out & taken to Police HQ – Subsequently sent to Gen Hosp [General Hospital] for treatment. About 2 days after his arrest. Sc sent back to Carnarvon St Gaol, suffering from [deleted] cholera [/deleted] [inserted] colic [/inserted] & admitted hosp on 14/2 for treatment, when say Guan Kiang in hosp. In hosp 1 1/2 months.
On or about 4/4/44 da S came to take him from hosp & return [inserted] // [/inserted] him to Carnarvon St Police Stn. At door he said “ You are a doctor, see how you are, look at me and that car and see what comes from co-operation”. Then took Sc to C. [Carnarvon] St. Police Stn. There till 19/4/4; taken back to goal, and on 8/5/44 taken to trial. Produced before Jap OC. Charges 1. listening in & spreading allied news broadcast 2. For possessing an all-wave radio set. 7 or 8 (deleted) all tol [/deleted] altogether. Asked to plead to charges separately. Pleaded not guilty to listening in. Guilty to 2. Trial took place. Convicted & sentenced to 7 years rigorous imprisonment. Sent back to gaol to serve sentence. Accused not present at prosec [prosecution]. Guan Kian, Henry Foley, Lawrence Palmer, Frank McIntyre, Lionel Foley, Jack Rozells, Chinese called June & others. Doesn’t know charges, but they got 5 yrs R.I. Out of prison 2/9/45. While in prison, admitted to prison hosp, used by Mr RUDRA as unofficial medic. [deleted] Palmer, McIntyre & [/deleted] Henry Foley [deleted] adm [/deleted] died in hosp 15/11/44 from beri beri and colitis. Lawrence Palmer dies in gaol [inserted] hosp [/inserted] on 13/2/45 from beri beri. McIntyre died in gaol of pulmonary TB on 25/3/45. All were previously physically run down before sentenced. Malnutrition. [deleted] SC had [/deleted] Before arrest Sc. perfectly fit, during imprisonment had dysentery, [indecipherable words], jaundice, beri beri & diet deficiencies caused eyesight to dim. When released still had beri beri & 1 month after, reoccurrence of gall bladder trouble & operated on
[Page Break]
[underlined] 2. [/underlined]
[underlined] 1st witness cont’d [/underlined]
[underlined] SCULLY [/underlined]
[underlined] Cross examined by defence [/underlined]
[inserted] 1 [/inserted]
No trouble to arrest, no molestations by accused, not taken into custody for being a person of bad character in community nor because brother lnsp. Scully refused to work for Japs. He was arrested before me, 20/10/43, A.M.P. case. [deleted] only [/deleted] reason for arrest as stated – listening in, disseminating & all wave radio set. Guan Kian had altered my set so that I could pick up allied b’casts. (GK. Ready to assist?) [deleted] These thing [/deleted] Possession of such a set contrary to Jap proclamation. I permitted Henry Foley to listen to my wireless on 2 or 3 occasions. Did not know he was a friend of Jack Rozells. I know J.R. I don’t know where he was employed. I think Henry Foley worked at the Eurasians store. I have never discussed this case with anyone. I heard that S. R. was arrested before me. Palmer listened in with me to the radio. I tuned in - he was not allowed to make use of the set. I know June but I cannot state his employment at that time. The radio early on was bought to my father house, it had nothing to do with me. I was beaten after arrest & condition quite fit still. The Japs knew whom I was when I was brought before them on morning 14/11/43 when I was taking in gaol office. A Jap who had been in Penang before the war, a sideboard maker who had done work for me recognised me in gaol & he was talking to Hashi Moto & pointed in my direction, saying “Dr. Scully.” The statement of da S to H.M that I was a brother of Insp. [Inspector] Scully who has refused to work for the Japs was damaging to me. Song Toh, the Chinese det Ak Kow were in the car when da S came to get me to show Guan Kains house. Another was a well built Chinese person. I did not know the position of da S held at that time. [deleted] The accused compelled me to sign the statement. [/deleted] There was no compulsion. He allowed me to insert a portion which had been omitted. The statement I eventually signed was a true & correct statement, apart from one thing which I was told I would have to point out to the judge as a mistake. Tan Guan Kian had made the holes on my set (modification for S.W.). The accused was not present at the trial. I cannot say whether all Govt employees were given special privileges by the Japs. It was probably not uncommon that the accused & others in police were allowed cars for their work. Food has been badly prepared in prison & short in quantity – mostly rice, with sometimes vegetables.
[Page Break]
There was no questions about my father at the trial.
[underlined] Re-examined by the Prosecution. [/underlined]
[underlined] Have not discussed case with witnesses who are coming here today. [/underlined]
[underlined]2nd Witness – Jack Rozells [/underlined]
JACK ROZELLS - Of 1 Penang Rd., employee of Field Security Branch of the army [inserted] 2 [/inserted] Superior Officer Capt. Hall, Unit is 5f.S.S. called w/e Nov 41, became L/Cpl in E Coy 3rd Bn S.S.V.F. Served with volunteers until evac [evacuation] of Penang sometime in Dec 41. We were disbanded & I became shop asst in Eurasian store until my arrest on 11/11/43. Reason for arrest not known. [deleted] First saw [/deleted] Acc [accused] used to frequent Eurasian store. Came to get me from Police lock up after arrest to take me to police barracks for interview; that was 4 days after my arrest (15/11/45) Accused & Hashi Moto, Ida, & Nakamuria. Hashi Moto Chief of Jap Secret Service in Penang – Tai Cho [deleted] acc was [indecipherable word] [/deleted]. I knew acc before I was arrested, was working for Jap S.S. He told me in the Eurasian store, [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] secretly, with no witness.
Acc asked me to confess my guilt, that I had listened to the wireless or spreading? to the Penang public. I said I did not. I was lying. [deleted] when [/deleted] I had been listened to allied b’casts and telling my friends. The acc asked me to ‘come clean’ – it is hopeless to deny. We’ve got all the facts about you, I said “No” “I’ll bring your wife, your mother, your brother and sisters into gaol.” I said “Do your worst I am telling you nothing.” Then I was taken to a table where there was a lot of food & Hashimoto asked me to eat. I did not until I was persuaded by the accused. He said “Go on eat, otherwise you will be hungry; don’t be afraid, we won’t beat you up.” I ate everything that was on the table. [deleted] There was a [/deleted] I finished the meal in 15 mins. After the meal I was asked by the accused to talk. I said I didn’t know what to talk about. He said he wanted to me to talk about the radio sets I had hidden in my place, to whom I was given news, I refused to talk. I could have given him much information of Eurasians & british protected persons. Acc punched me on the face two [inserted] violent [/inserted] blows then I fell down in a sitting position, Nakamuria kicked my face, fully shoed
[Page Break]
[underlined] 3. [/underlined]
[inserted] [symbol] lunch recess 5/2 [/inseted]
This caused my [deleted]teeth [/deleted] [inserted]gums [/inserted] to bleed, which was the only injury I suffered from the kick. The accused was not present during this. After that I was taken to another room by da Silva and three Japanese. Hashimoto was one. [inserted] [symbol] [/inserted] I was made to lie [inserted] on the floor [/inserted] on my back with my shirt off (the Japs made me – Hashimoto), then acc bought a stick 3” x 5’. The acc was with another Jap, Nakamuria. Each held the stick at the ends and rolled it over my stomach. I yelled in pain as parts of the food was forced out of my mouth and nose. Despite my yells of pain this carried on for about 10 mins. Then they stopped. The acc asked me if I was ready to talk. I said “No”, then the acc said “Don’t be a fool, the British will not come back”. At this stage Hashimoto ran away, closely foll. by acc. who returned with a block of ice about 5lb in wt. Acc placed block of ice on my stomach. I yelled in pain and tried to wriggle about. The acc then kicked me in the ribs once violently, which stopped me wriggling. After this Ida, the Jap, asked the acc to take the ice away and I was sent back to my cell at the Garrison Police HQ. I coughed up blood on, my return to my cell. I could not eat any food given to me. I had violent pains in my stomach and in my chest, 6 days afterwards, I was brought back again to Police Headquarters. The acc was present with two japs, Ida and Nakamuria, the acc then asked me to sign a statement which I refused. The statement said that I told [underlined] Mr. Pentousky [/underlined] that Mickie Foley was the best man for sending messages to the allies. Then I was beaten up by Nakamuria with a stick over my back, about 6 blows in all. The stick broke. It was a little thicker than an ordinary walking stick. Then acc & Ida rained blows on me with their fists. I fell down yelling and begging for mercy. Ida threw me over his shoulder, causing me to fall on my back heavily. This was done in turns, about 15 times in all, by the other two. At this stage I decided to say yes to every [inserted] any [/inserted] question they asked. They stopped the beating then. The acc asked me “are you a British spy?” I said “yes” “Have you got many radios?” “Yes” “You have a radio set in Dr Scully’s house?” “Yes” A radio set in Henry Peterson’s house and David Jambu’s house?” “Yes” The interrogation stopped. I had hardly strength to sit and answer their questions. I was feeling giddy and very sick after the beating. I was sent back, carried by 2 men back to my cell. After this I was bought over 1ce [once] a week by acc to answer ?s. [sic] He punched me at times I failed to give him a favourable reply. This weekly affair carried on till Feb, [inserted] 1944 [/inserted] then I was left alone. Late in March, the acc brought 3 sheets of paper which was supposed to be my statement and asked me to sign. [deleted] I signed it in [/deleted] I appended my name, but with not my usual signature. After this, acc went away. About a week after this, acc bought me to the prosecutor. He then produced a paper written in Japanese. The prosecutor explained that the contents of the paper were to the effect that I was the legal owner of my brother-in-laws’
[Page Break]
radio set. I protested, but it was of no use. I was sent back. In April the same year, I was brought to court & sentenced to 5 yrs Rigorous imprisonment for listening to allied b’casts, spreading the news with intentions to [indecipherable word] the Jap army in Malaya. The interpreter asked me to plead guilty. acc was not present, I pleaded guilty. I knew it was worthless to plead otherwise than guilty. Against the Japanese I had practically no defence although I did have a defence. / Ice block was 18” x 6” x 8”. My stomach was bare. I was assisted back to my cell by two people. I could not eat food for about 10 days. I did not complain about the treatment because they could not do anything for me, no visitors, and a sentry not allowed to speak. I was a British spy. I had many radios. I had sets in the houses I mentioned I confessed these things because I found out that the others had been arrested & the Japs had found a radio set in their houses. One of the detectives whispered this to me on the way to the third interrogation on the third morning after the ice treatment.
[underlined] Cross examined by defence [/underlined]
I was on very friendly terms with acc before my arrest.
He did not warn me against spreading allied news
It is true that acc told me he was a member of Jap S.S.
Once Mr [inserted] Lim [/inserted] Swee Hin gave inf. which led to my arrest [inserted] [symbol] see 8/2/46, witness recalled and amended this [initials][/inserted]
He owned a dispensary in Aboo Sittee Lane
I do not know Lim Ooi Huat who was in the dispensary.
I was in the habit of writing allies war news on slips of paper.
Only once I took a slip of paper to Sui Hin.
I held it in my hand and he read it over my shoulder.
I did it because he asked me the news.
He gave me nothing for giving him the news
He did not give me free medicine whenever I requested [inserted] it [/inserted] /such things.
The acc was not present when I was arrested by the 3 Japs
I was interog [interrogated] by same 3 Japs. acc not there.
I refused to admit I was writing allied news on slips
The 3 Japs beat me up – acc not present.
I knew the reason for my arrest at that time
It was not my policy – then – to tell the Japs the truth
I had no food for 4 days foll. [following] my arrest.
On the 5th day I was taken to Pol [Police] Hq.
etc – confirmatory evidence on exam of Mr. Koo – Counsel for defence.
[Page Break]
4./
Japs were watching me eat.
I did not complain to acc I had no food for 4 days – acc was fully aware [inserted] summarise [/inserted]
Food was brought in while I was under interrog.
I was not given food [symbol][because] I promised to tell Japs the truth
The Japs did not tell me that if I told the truth I’d be soon released.
I decided on the 26th. Nov. 43 to make a statement.
the acc & 2 others present, (Nakamuria & Ida) I had agreed to say yes to anything
I do not know one Chong Yean
It is not true that acc gave me only four slaps & punches throughout period of det.
I did not mention a Jas. Tate in my statement
Trail not in open court, acc not present
I knew Henry Foley, now deceased
He was a co. worker at the store
I did not know he had been receiving allied war news thro [through] Doc S’s radio
I used to discuss war news with him, but was not in the habit of comparing news rec’d from several sources.
[underlined] No re-examination [/underlined]
[underlined] 3rd witness – Michael Hilary Foley [/underlined]
[underlined] M.H. FOLEY [/underlined]
[inserted] 3 [/inserted]
15, Phuah Hin Leong Rd, Penang, off Burma Rd. Employed AMDGW,[indecipherable] as a clerk, 25 yrs old. Prior to Jap occ, I was a sigman in the Royal Corps of Sigs – W/Op. Joined in Malaya - In Penang Hill evac. Then evacuated to Singapore in Dec 41. Remained in Sgpore[Singapore] till 12/3/42. Ordered on 15/2/42 to escape by OC. [deleted] I escaped to my br [/deleted] I went to my brothers house in Sqp [Singapore] to hide, discarding unif. [uniform] Then on 13/3/42 came Penang. I stayed with my brother, Insp EW. Foley. I was never employed. This lasted throughout Jap occupation. He got married, 1 occ his house alone. On 14 Nov. 1943, arrested by Japanese Secret Police. [deleted] The acc came out of [/deleted] I was arrested by C. de Silva & 3 Jap. Taken to Penang prison that morning. Kept till 1st week of Feb 44. I twice came into contact with the acc. on morn. of arrest, taken to prison by acc Hashimoto, Indian detec, Siamese det. In the prison office, acc put all question to me. “You thought you were big in the British Army” “I’ve got another one of you in” (meaning Foleys) Then he asked what happened in the army & asked me if I had a radio set & told me that if I didn’t speak the truth, he
[Page Break]
would know how to get it out of me. I denied having a radio set & the result was that I received 2 heavy slaps from Hashimoto. Then he threw me over his shoulder on to the ground. The acc was present all the time. Then Hashimoto caught lapels on collar and pulled them round my neck [inserted] while on the ground [/inserted]. I was choked. I was made to get up after a few minutes I was sent back to one of the cells.
2nd time, day during 1st week Feb 44, taken out with 5 colleagues of mine from the goal to the prison office. There the others were made to sign statements by the accused who was accomp [accompanied] by Indian detective. I was brought along to the Penang Rd barracks & there, later that day acc [deleted] made [/deleted] [inserted] asked [/asked] me [inserted/ to [/inserted] make out statemt [sic] on my own. I made it, he typed it out. I put my thumbprint on it, then I was sent back to Police lock up within Penang Rd barracks under escort of acc. Released a few days afterwards under bond that I should say nothing of what had happened. Taken up to Hashimotos office. I saw the interpreter of Hashimoto & my brother, [deleted] He told acc. [/deleted] Then released. I have scars on my person from the ill-treatment (exhibited) 2 main linear scars right shoulder. 4 days after my arrest, brought to Penang Rd Barracks by Siamese detectives. Taken up before Hashimoto. Interpreter present, another Jap & a Chinese clerk. [deleted] Hashimoto told [/deleted]. Acc not there. Scars not anything to do with acc. Beaten with double flexible electrical wire [deleted] for [/deleted] bared at ends & knotted. 2 of my uncles – Henry Foley (deceased), Lionel Foley and Teddy Lim, Dr Scully, Mr Palmer (deceased), & Mr Jambu. These were arrested with me. It was true I had no radio, and knew I was to be released in four days time [symbol] [because] I made voluntary statement.
[underlined] Cross Examined by Defence. [/underlined]
I told Japs in Sqp I was a schoolboy & they believed it
I was asked whether I was in Brit army & stated I was
The accused never assaulted me.
[deleted] Employed by overseas Chinese Company, buying [indecipherable word], a salesman [/deleted]
I was not employed by the Japanese. Employed by Overseas Chinese Assoc after release. I became a member of ?
I made my report on this case to Field Sec. Statement in law Ct.
No re-examination
[Page Break]
[underlined] 5./ [/underlined]
[underlined]4th Witness [/underlined]
[inserted] 4 [/inserted]
[underlined]EUSTACE LA BROOY [/underlined] – Claude Eustace Ambrose La Brooy – 366B Burma Rd – Foreman of Salvage works employed by Penang Harbour Board. I was unemployed during Jap occ. British Subject – 27 years. I know C. da S. I have known him for about 7 years & recognise him here. Arrested by acc 9/8/43. He was a detec in Special branch. Came with another detec., the Eurasian, Jambu. Taken to Penang Police Bks [Barracks]. He said Insp Chong wanted to see me. Remained 10 days. Saw acc. When he came to take me up from the lock up for questioning, about 3 occasion. After 10 days sent to prison. Remained 7 mths [months] before brought to court. Saw acc [deleted] 1st time [/deleted] on 3 occasions in these 7 mths. On 1st occasions, sometimes between Aug & Dec’43, possibly Oct 42, I was bought downstairs to the MPs Office, where acc was. He asked me to make statement, I made a statement, he looked at it, read it & said he didn’t believe me, & if I didn’t speak the truth, he’d get the truth out of me. I refused to admit what he wanted me to say, that is that I had made a V sign. He punched me very severely, many blows in the ribs, slapped my face with the palms of his hands. Then he caught me by the hair, twisted me round & tripped me, making me fall on my back. He kicked me on my back, in the ribs, when I was on the ground, until I got up. I could hardly breathe. One would [indecipherable word] something was gripping my chest. I felt a lot of pain in my chest. After the slaps on the face, I couldn’t hear, and my ears started ringing. That lasted practically the whole day. Prior to this, my sense of hearing was very good. I haven’t been able to hear clearly after that assault upon me.
The second occasion he hit me with a black stick. This was [deleted] after [/deleted] in few days, after the second assault. I was again called to the office. Acc was there alone, with a statement drawn up by himself, which stated that I was a spy, broadcasting news. I did not agree with the contents on reading it. He asked me to sign - I refused to do so. Then he got hold of the black stick, about 4’long & 1” thickness & hit me on the back from the back of my neck down to my buttocks, about ten times, using all his strength to do so. There were big lumps on my body & in some places the flesh was raw. This lasted 10 mins, I still refused to sign. Then he said “If you don’t sign it, I’ll call on the Inspector in charge & force me to sign it. After that I was sent back to the cell.
[Page Break]
4 or 5 days later [deleted] he was [/deleted]I was called into the office again. Acc there alone. He wanted me to sign that statement. I refused to sign it and he beat me with the same stick again, on my back. Then he used his fists. I still refused to sign the statement; then I was sent back to the cell. I could hardly breathe and couldn’t sleep on my back. I received no medical attention for my injuries. I was ill for about 4 days. No scars.
The statement was typewritten. As a result, my sense of hearing is impaired [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] & I have pains in my chest, when I exert I get pains in my heart and cough very badly.
After 7 months I was tried & sentenced to 7 years R.I. I pleaded N.G. They tried to prove I was spreading news & made a V sign. Found guilty.
Adjourned at 1635 hrs 5/2 until 1000 6/2
[underlined] Cross Examined by defence [/underlined]
Resumed at 1000 hrs. 6/2
I was called as prosec wit at premlin [preliminary] inq. [inquiry] and gave evidence from witness box.
In wit box all time while giving evidence
I could hear all ? put to me, also by presiding Judge.
[deleted] I was [/deleted] I was a little more then 10’ from presiding Judge.
Not only member of family who is deaf – mother is deaf in one ear
I went to see Insp [inserted] Chong [/inserted] on night 9 Aug’ 43
Taking part in ______ parade (?) on night 8/8/43
I saw accused [deleted] at [/deleted] [inserted] near [/inserted] head of the parade, on this side of the road.
I never went to 26 Anson Rd.
I know Eurasian girls – Joyce Phipps and [deleted] Rena Lex [/deleted] Wina Hesler.
They live at 26 Anson Rd.
I saw the acc stop to talk to the 2 girls while parade passing house.
I did not make the V sign to the 2 girls immediately after that.
Reaffirmed above
On Monday [inserted] day after parade [/inserted] & [deleted] Insp [/deleted] Jambu (Insp) came to house to tell me I was wanted by Insp Chong
On day after parade I was not at home at my house.
I was not told by my brother that they had been to my house.
Found acc & Jambu in my house waiting for me, I accompanied them only Jambu not acc. while talking to Insp Chong.
Insp Chong acc me of making V sign, which I denied.
acc was not present during interview with Insp Chong on 9/8/43.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 6. [/underlined]
I was taken to charge room by Jambu.
I Next saw acc next day, in the cell, in [inserted](Police Barracks)?[/inserted]
I received beatings from Insp. Chong with blows particularly severe in my [underlined] body [/underlined],
[inserted] Symbol [/inserted] I remember saying at prelim inq that I had been slapped by Insp Chong [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] who used the palm of his hand open on my head; ribs and ears being hit. This was correct, but I had every chance to prevent them from coming hard on my head.
The [deleted] next [/deleted] same night house raided by ______ & a few Japs.
Radio set found, volunteer uniforms, pictures of King and Queen. They did not belong to me.
My sister was not taken in then.
I saw my sister, Daphne la B, in prison
I did not admit that I spread any (allied) news.
I was brought up ready every day during the 10 days for ?ing [questioning]
There was Insp Chong, Jambu, Soh Tow (?) – no Japs, no accused during this period.
Beaten by acc on 3 occasions. No one present 1st occasion.
There was no prisoner sharing cell at that time
I know one [underlined] Ulric Magness. [/underlined] He was never at any time with me in the same cell. He was never present the three times I was beaten up. I am quite positive of that.
No one present at 2nd & 3rd occasions I was beaten up.
I did not get food from acc. while in prison.
[inserted] Symbol [/inserted] Acc. Used to smuggle food for “the others” but not for me ( [inserted]N.[/inserted] Carrier, Hesler De Silva, A Carrier.)
They recd [received] local made bread form acc. I don’t know if they recd it every day.
[deleted] I never at a [/deleted] There was no Doctor Sami inside the prison
[deleted] I never at any time [/deleted] I complained to Dr Scully (1st witness) of my condition I was not sent to hospital for treatment for my injuries.
[underlined] Re-examination [/underlined]
[deleted] Insp Chong, on 9/8/43 said that…. [/deleted]
9/8/43, [deleted] with [/deleted] interview with Insp Chong, I saw a report on myself, Chong pointed it out. One statement place on top of a file. I did not read all of it. I only saw my name on it at that time. On the first occasion I was slapped on the face by da S. I consider this caused the impairment in my hearing.
Only one of the four were put to trial – A Carrier [inserted] (see symbol above) [/inserted]
Magness must be wrong if he says he saw me assaulted at prelim inq
Suffered no pains in ears or loss of hearing after Insp Chong beating on 9/8/43.
[Page Break]
[deleted] [underlined] 7. [/underlined] [deleted]
[underlined] 5th. Witness [/underlined] [inserted] 5 [/inserted]
[underlined] PETER MERVYN FOLEY. [/underlined] of 15 Kuah Hin Leong Rd, Penang, Storekeeper in AMDEW [inserted] [indecipherable word] [/inserted] Penang
Age 28.
In Dec 41, W/op in Royal Corps Sigs. [deleted] Beginning of Jap acc [/deleted] I was in Singapore when the Jap occ Penang. Returned Penang 15/3/42. Remained till allies came. Not working during Jap occ. On 13/8/43 I was arrested by Japs Police Special Branch. Taken to Penang goal. On 16/8/43, I was taken out of cell & brought by a warder to a room near the gaol office to the accused. He then told me to watch the torture he was going to inflict on one political prisoner. I was present, acc & Seng Toh & Insp Chong. No one else. Prisoner was Mr Anton Da Silva, an Eurasian. Told him to take off his glasses. Did so. [deleted] da [/deleted] acc [deleted] carried [/deleted] [inserted] lifted [/inserted] him [deleted] over [/deleted] [inserted] on to [/inserted] his back and throw him over his shoulder on to the ground. He kicked him more than once while he was on the ground. When Anton de S got up, [deleted] Carli [/deleted] accused punched him in the face, body & acc asked Insp Chong to join in the beating. I can’t remember the words, but they were in Malay. Insp Chong beat and punched Anton de Silva. Acc then told me that if I did not admit that I was a British Solider & that I stopped people from joining the (Jakat?) army and that I told the people in Penang that the British would come back in 3 months’ time he give me worse than what Anton De Silva had. I told acc I did not know anything. He said “If you don’t write a statement now, you know what will be coming to you.” The acc’s attitude was very truculent, I did not write the statement. He then gave me a blow to the back of the head with clenched fist. I fell to the ground. I suffered pain. He then told Insp. Chong that I was the man who told Mr. Tommy Scott not to join the Jekit/army and that I went to La Brooy’s house every night to discuss news. Insp Chong gave me several blows on my face, punches [deleted] and when I [/deleted] as a result of which, I fell to the ground. Insp Chong stood on my chest. He had military boots on, it caused pain in my chest. When I got up, the acc. put a W.P.B on my head. He told me that although my brother was an Insp of Police, he would get him in. He then gave me a blow with his clenched fist, on the back of the [deleted] hea [/deleted] neck (nape) and said “That’s for the inspector”. He then made me write out my statement. He told me to take a pen & write or I would get more. I took the pen & wrote. I wrote out my statement & then he read [deleted] wha [/deleted] it. He told Insp. Chong that I wouldn’t speak & [deleted] they to [/deleted] I was sent back to my cell. I remained there for about 6 days after that. At the end of that, the acc. came with Hashimoto and Nakamuria. Acc asked me to admit that I was a British Solider. He also told me to give him the names of the Eurasian boys who were in the Army.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 7. [/underlined]
I told him I did not know, I was only a driver, and without any roles from the Japanese he came up to me and gave me a blow with clenched fist on my ear (Rt), a violent blow. It practically deafened me – ringing in ears. Acc then told me that I better tell the truth as Hashimoto had gone to Sqp & found out that I was a W/op. I still refused to admit it. Acc then told me to go back to my cell and think it over and that he was coming the next day to take my statement. I was sent back to my cell. Next day I saw the accused. I was called to the office and the acc alone was present. He told me to write my statement, which I did. He took the statement & put it in the file. He put my small fingers into the hooks of two weights. They were very heavy to me. Shaped like a bell, made of steel, about 6” high and 5 1/2 “ broad. I had my arms outstretched in front of me the wts [weights]were on my extended little fingers. This was for about 2-3 minutes. It gave me very great pain. He told me that if I got them off my fingers he would drop them on my toes. At the end of 2-3 mins he took them off. I was still alone with him. He took them off [symbol][because] I told him I couldn’t stand anymore. My fingers were bruised & the fingers swollen for 3 or 4 days. He then made out my death warrant. I read what I signed. The warrant read, I Peter Mervyn Foley, [deleted] on [/deleted] [inserted] is [/inserted] this day sentences to death for being a British Spy. He then asked me to sign it. The acc filled in the words. I signed it. I didn’t know whether I would be executed. I knew if I didn’t sign it he would continue his torture. He took out his revolver and told me that he was going to shoot me. He pointed the revolver at me. He opened it up to ensure it was loaded. He them told me that he (acc) was the terror of the Eurasians. Then he put the revolver away, and I was escorted to my cell. All this took place alone with acc. I remained in prison until 6/10/43, then taken by acc to Police HQ. [Inserted] At HQ [/inserted] He told me to admit that I was anti-Japanese. I was alone with him. I told him I was not anti Japanese. I said “All right, I am not anti-Jap” He said “you are anti-Japanese” [symbol] [because] you are in the British Army! When I refused to admit, he took a Japanese Sword which was lying in corner of room in its scabbard & hit me with it, two blows with the flat side over the shoulders. I didn’t notice he was holding it. They were heavy blows. He then told me to say that I knew that Eustace la Brooy and Jimmy Boyle were anti Japanese, and if I refused to admit that, he would call the Japanese upstairs to have my head cut off. I refused to admit, but he put it down in the statement. He then asked me to sign the statement. The paper he gave me was a blank one. I signed it, half way down the sheet. He then sent me back to my cell. I stayed there till 11/3/44. @
[Page Break]
that day I was brought to court. I was incarcerated 4 months before being brought to court. In all I was caused hurt on 15 to 20 occasions by acc. Tried on 11/3/44 sentenced to 5 yrs imprisonment. When evid. [evidence] read, found out that it was not his statements. Read by interpreter. Corrected & sentenced. Acc not present at trial. He was downstairs. He came up, shook hands & said “I’m very sorry”. I said “That’s all right” I was handcuffed to another prisoner when this happened. I have scars from [deleted]the [/deleted] assaults from acc. (Seen on outside L eyelid, over rear on R elbow, various [inserted] linear [/inserted] scars on R shin low down).
[underlined] Cross examined. [/underlined]
No trouble with police with first we [indecipherable word], nor with accused. Used to read books, fish. I did nothing special. I knew that all Eurasians had to register themselves. I know what my father wrote in the reg. form. He wrote we were employed as drivers in R. Sigs. He did not declare we were signallers. During this time my brother Insp Foley was head of special branch. Accused worked under him I told Tommy Scott [deleted] this [/deleted] [indecipherable word] [underlined] not [/underlined] to join Jekitas army, but that Govt servants were exempt. I didn’t know anything of the J. acquisition. Some of my friends were member, don’t know what duties are, never asked them.
Arrested by Insp. Chein Kim Weng, Jambu & Nakamuria Taken to Pol HQ, remained 1/2 hr, then acc tool me to the gaol. While in gaol assaulted by Insp Chong, Seng Toh, Jambu, Hashimoto, & the accused. I don’t remember saying at prelim inq that I didn’t know how many times I had been assaulted, I may have said that.
The acc tortured the political prisoners in person. I deny that acc did not inflict the torture on political prisoner, that he only showed the means. There was = demonstration of physical torture in my presence by the accused. Insp Chong was present, no one else. Insp Chong was sitting down in the chair, and was a spectator to this at the beginning. He did not take part until acc asked him to join in.
The weight incident is all truth. The accused had a revolver & threatened to shoot me. I did say at p enq that acc hit me with revolver. This is not correct. He did not hit me with revolver. I pointed out this error when my evidence was read over. The acc had a revolver. He was not a det. at the time, he was a JUNSA BUTCHU, [underlined] sergeant major [/underlined] I don’t know when he got it, but he told me he got his promotion through our case. He got his prom. [promotion] after 15/8/43.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 8. [/underlined]
The death warrant incident is also all true. At the Police Bks, it was not Insp Chong but the acc who beat me up. Hashimoto was not there. Insp Chong told me I had better admit. I never knelt down at Police Bks. I was never compelled by Insp Chong to kneel down – by Hashimoto yes, in goal [symbol] [because] I refused to admit I was a British Solider.
I was brought up for trial. Brought before prosecutors for x-examn [examination], when I was in goal. Prosecutor was OSADA. An Indian acted as interpreter during x- exam. He only asked me whether I admitted stopping people joining the Jekat army. Frank Reutens was the leader of my community at the time. I did not know he was spreading news. I don’t know whether the Eurasians regarded me as a menace to the Community. I was not warned that my movements were being watched, by anyone.
[underlined] 21st WITNESS [/underlined]
[deleted] JACK M [/deleted] [inserted] No.6. [/inserted] [inserted] 6 [/inserted]
CECIL EDWARD McLEAN of 136 Burma Road Penang. Hosier. I am at present in custody awaiting trial by the special magistrates. I know the acc I worked under him as a det. during Jap regime. I remember the arrest of M.[ inserted] ichael [/inserted] [underlined] George [/underlined] Foley, can’t remember date. Arrested for harbouring 2 Dutch soldiers in his house. I effected the arrest of M G Foley, on acc’s instructions. I was a det, he was a Sergeant Major. He was responsible to Insp Chong, who in turn was respons.[responsible] to Hashimoto & Insp Chong was Chinese, could speak v [very] little Eng, [English] mostly Malay. I was present when MG Foley was interrog [interrogated] by acc. Acc was trying to get out of M Foley that he sent a letter to get in contact with one of the Dutch Soldiers in Sumatra. M Foley said he knew nothing about it. He was beaten up by acc by an old cycle tyre with wires [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [inserted] sticking out [/inserted]. Hit on back, about 15 blows. This went on for about 20 mins. Victim has a shirt on. [deleted] He had [/deleted] His shirt was torn after the beating, [deleted] and had blue lines on his back [/deleted] I saw the injuries which he had sustained. His back was blue, with long red lines. He was very weak & sickly after his beating. Acc, self & Dutch Soldiers, Wm Dexter were there. He was also being brought for interog. Dexter also assaulted by acc. [deleted] present when [/deleted] I am not in post. to say who told acc to beat up Foley & Solider. Acc also told me to watch over Foley family, as most of them were working in the army and might be working for the British as agents.
[underlined] Cross examined by Defence [/underlined]
Brought to Ct y’day by Insp Foley
[Page Break]
[deleted] On [/deleted] A few days ago I was asked to make a stat. I made it to Insp Foley/ I know [deleted] ab [/deleted] ABDUL BAKI. I was not the informer in his case, but it is alleged I was. I was not apptd dates for informing on Abdul Baki, [deleted] The Dutch Soldiers [/deleted] I don’t know how the Dutch came to be arrested. I did not know they came to Pg [Penang] to escape internment by Japs in Sumatra. I did not know that the Dutch gave statement to Hashimoto & accused beat up Foley, not Hashimoto. I did not receive bread from acc. to give to Dutch Soldiers. I know they became ill & were sent to hospital. I don’t know that they told Hashimoto, because they were so fed up, that they would tell everything. I do not know what the Dutch soldiers were doing in Pg. First came into contact when arrested after their escape from prison hosp. I know Capt TOOLSERAN. I did not give inf leading to his arrest by Japs, Capt T was my Co. 3rd Bn S.S.V.E., E Coy. He was never working in Jap regime. Acc one day told me to shadow Capt. T. & get contact with all his friends & report to him (acc). I in turn inf Capt. T. all these happenings, that acc was trying to arrest him. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I have never been in close contact with Hashimoto, although I was s detective. I know Jap officer called MURIGAMA. He was H’s successor. I have stayed with him, I was not his [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] right hand man. I was his chauffer and stayed with him [symbol] [because] he couldn’t drive a car. I am now under arrest as alleged informer for Abdul Baki. [inserted] case still under investigation. [/inserted] [deleted] I was arrested by Jap [/deleted]
[underlined]No re-examination[/underlined]
[inserted] Adjourned [/inserted] 1300hrs 6/2
Resumption 1415 hrs 6/2
[underlined] 7th WITNESS [/underlined]
[inserted] 7 [/inserted]
MICHAEL GEORGE FOLEY age 30 years 16 Hua Hong [inserted] Leong [/inserted] Rd – Food inspector of food control office. Lived in Pg during whole Jap occ. Unemployed during that time. Was arrested by Carlile de Silva on 18/5/44 acc effected arrest. 1. For harbouring 2 Dutch soldiers 2. For being a spy. Maclean on the 17/5/44 came to his house and told him to report to Police HQ next day. Names of Dutch soldiers [underlined] John Werjers [/underlined] & [underlined] WM Dexter [/underlined]. Taken to Penang Prison on 18/5/44. Kept until 25/5/44, on that day brought out by Maclean & acc, taken to Police Barracks. Acc, asked me, in his room, to confess everything. He interrogated me in presence of Maclean, Song Toh and [underlined] Cheng Swee [/underlined]. [inserted] acc [/inserted] asked me to admit everything. I asked him what ‘everything’ meant. He told me it was useless for me to hide anything. I should know that. Acc asked me whether I carried army secret letter to MEDAN (Sumatra), to Dutch Intelligence there. I did not admit that.
[Page Break]
9.
Acc. winked at the others, a sign to start beating me. They were behind me, Song Toh began hitting me, with slaps and punches all over the body and face, all round the room, asking me to admit that I was a spy. This lasted about half an hour. Then acc again asked me to admit and again Seng Toh started punishing me. The accused took a written statement from me. I wrote out the statement personally. After that, he sent me back to the central police station. [deleted] In that statement I put that I we [/deleted] The accused accepted my statement. [deleted] He asked me to write that O took a secret letter [/deleted] but I did not write what he requested me to write. I was detained in the Central Police Station until some time in August 1944, the accused sent for me. Maclean took me to the Police Barracks to the accused’s room, where the accused was alone. The accused asked me to admit that I carried a letter to Medan, saying that the 2 Dutch had already admitted that I had carried a letter there. When I did not admit, he began to hit me with an [underlined] outer tyre of a bicycle. [/underlined] I was hit on my back. I was wearing a shirt at that time. It went on for about half an hour. I cannot remember how many blows were struck: he hit me many times. I was black and blue all over my back and I had a cut from the wire of the tyre. The tyre was like a truncheon. The reinforcing wire was protruding. After the assault, he still wanted me to admit, or he would take me to Insp. Chong. I protested about my treatment & told him I was innocent. I was of course, lying. After1/2 hr he sent me back to the central police station, under the escort of Maclean. I stayed there until February 1945, when I was transferred to the Penang barracks. I next saw the acc. sometime in September 1944. He was interrogating someone else in his room in Police Barracks. He brought me there to see my brother, Wm Foley. He was forcing John Werjers to admit that he was spy. The [deleted] taken [deleted] acc told Werjers that he would beat him to death of he did not admit. [deleted] He was still on [/deleted] Maclean then took me to the Central Police Station. There was no other meeting between self & acc. [inserted] when [/inserted] I was interrogated by acc [deleted[ in the presence of [/deleted] sometime in August 1944. (above), the Dutch soldiers & Maclean were present. Dexter appealed to acc. not to hit me as I was innocent. I went to Sumatra some time in May 1942, to see my sister. At the same time, W. Dexter handed me a secret letter addressed to a Dutch intelligence agent in Medan. Dexter [deleted] was [/deleted] joined the Dutch forces on reoccupation of Penang. The other, Werjers died in prison on 2/2/45. I have a scar as a result of acc. beating me with the tyre. [underlined[ shows scar 1” x 1/8th” below R. shoulder blade. [/underlined]
[underlined] cross examined. [/underlined] I was not a member of civil police after Jap occ. of Pg. I did not round up any European soldiers & elements & take then to the Residency. Maclean, on my being told to report to Police HQ, told me that acc. had given me the order to come. He did not tell me it was on the orders of Hashimoto & Chong. The 2 Dutch were arrested about 6 months before I was taken in. They were living with me all the time before that.
[Page Break]
They did not tell me that Sumatra was too hot a place & they had come to Pg. They asked me to help them, so I let them stay with me. I found out why they came to Pg. they came [symbol] [because] they were sent by Dutch Govt to do intelligence work. I was introduced to them by a friend in Penang Road sometime in March 1942. For the 1st 6 moths they didn’t work, stayed with me at Batu Ferringgi. Later joined Blue Bird Café, as musicians, and Wembley cabaret. I don’t remember Eurasian household being given reg. forms about the same time. The accused treated me badly. I was allowed to go to the coffee shop opposite the barracks because he knew I was going to be released. Once I was interrogated by Chong, Hashimoto not there. He was never present during my interrogations. The accused was there to assist Chong in questioning me. I was told to tell the truth about the Dutch boys. It is untrue that acc only slapped me 1ce [once]. Chong was not there, nor was Song Toh. The accused used the bicycle tyre on me. Once the acc interog John Werjers when I was there. The Dutch boy died of starvation and beri-beri in prison. I agree that at prelim inq. I did not say that the acc gave the others a sign to beat me. I didn’t say that Maclean was present while acc. interrogated John Werjers. I was [deleted] not [/deleted] [inserted] never [/inserted] brought up to Hashimoto for questioning. Hashimoto never asked me for the contents of the secret letter. It was written in Dutch. My sister knows Dutch. I did not know the contents of the letter.
[underlined] Re-examined [/underlined] acc brought me to Chong to force me to confess that I knew contents of the letter.
6th Witness [inserted] 8 [/inserted]
ALPHONSE CARRIER – 326 Burma Rd, Penang. I am a dresser in the General Hospital, aged 23. I was a dresser in Dec 41 and lived in Penang. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I was so employed until 13/8/43 when I was arrested by Chin Kim Weng, Jambu, Namula, and a few other detectives. First met acc. just before my arrest, socially. He came over to take a statement when I was in gaol about 14/8/43. I was taken to him in the prison office. [deleted] As [/deleted] Without a word, acc slapped me on the face, then punched me in the face more than once. After hitting me, he asked me to speak the truth. I told him I could not admit. He asked me to admit that I had been speaking war news. When I wouldn’t admit, he sent me to Inspector Chong. I didn’t have further contact with acc. Face was discoloured on the right side through punches.
[underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined] I was arrested about 4 days after La Brooy. I heard that he was arrested for making V sign. Accused was not present when I was arrested. I remember saying at prelim inq that I only received 3 beatings. Acc took part in 1st only. He punched & slapped me. I missed the slapping out at the prelim inq. Acc did punch & slap me. [deleted] Chong & Son Toh [/deleted]. Incorrect that acc, at no time during incarceration, laid hands on me. I don’t remember seeing prosecutor before trial. I did say he punched me, missed slapping at prelim inq.
[underlined] Re-examined [/underlined] – Nil
[Page Break]
[underlined] 10. [/underlined]
9. [inserted] 9 [/inserted]
[underlined] LIONEL CLARENCE COLUMBA FOLEY [/underlined] of 100 Patani Road. Tin smelter, employed by Eastern Smelting Company. 10 mths unemployed after British evac. Penang. After this called to work for the Japanese. Worked for 10 mths then arrested 14/11/43. Arrested by Japanese secret police. I was taken straight for Penang goal & [deleted] kept in [/deleted] put in solitary confinement. I was so confined for 128 days. At the time of my arrest I was not aware of the reason for arrest. I do not know Carlile da Silva [inserted] as a friend [/inserted] I have seen him. [deleted] I got to [/deleted] On 22nd Nov 43, taken from solitary confinement to Police Barracks, to Hashimoto’s office. Only the interpreter Chong Yen was in the office. He phoned for da Silva to come up. acc came up unaccompanied. Identifies acc. [deleted] interpreter showed me bloodstain [/deleted] when acc arrived, told me I had 5 mins. to talk. He told me [inserted] to admit [/inserted] was listening into the radio and propagating news. He also asked me whether Peter Mervyn Foley & Michael Hilary Foley were signallers & W/ops. I told him, I only know they were working on the army as com drivers. Five minutes was up, and he hit with all his force across my face with his fist and pummelled me all over my body with blows. That went on and on for nearly 1/2 hour. I was giddy after this and had to sit down. I had pain around my jaws. He started ?ing [questioning] me again. I did not give him any information. Hashimoto came up. Acc said something to Hashimoto, speaking in Japanese. [deleted] The acc came [/deleted] H. looked at me & the acc threw me over his [deleted] bod [/deleted] shoulder. I fell on the floor on my back. Then he [inserted] acc [/inserted] started kicking me, and Hashimoto stood on my ribs. Acc caught my right arm and twisted it with two hands until I screamed with pain. I was on my side [inserted] then got up [/inserted] Hashimoto hit me on the head with a life preserver with all his might. I nearly fainted. I was allowed to sit down. Continued investigation ‘I admitting listening to allied b’casts up to the conversion of the set in Sept 42. Acc did not believe my story so I was sent back to Penang prison to come up the next day for further torture & investigation. When I returned to prison, I found I was passing blood in my urine, my jaws were swollen and I couldn’t eat for about four days. Blood was in my urine for practically a day. I still have some affliction in my jaw. I can’t chew anything hard now. Dr Scully was in the opposite cell and came over to examine me (dislocated jaw) the acc’s assault lasted for about 50 mins. Brother Henry in gaol at the time of my imprisonment & I saw him there. He was arrested at the same time and for some reason. I last saw me brother alive on 15/11/44 in the Prison Hospital. He died on that day. I was present at his bedside at death in the gaol hospital. He died of beri-beri and dysentery together.
[underlined] Cross Examined [underlined] – I know one Lin Ban Siew. It was not exactly on his inf that I was arrested. I said at the P.G. that I understood the stat.
[Page Break]
to the jap police & mentioned my name. I also know one Macintyre. He owned a shop in Dato Kuanat Rd & was selling spare parts for radio sets. I was working with him and lad to assume that the short waves were in order. My 1st inv. was in Police Bks by C da S. It was not Hashimoto who beat me up in the Pol. [Police] Bks. He threw me twice in the presence of Hashimoto, kicked me [deleted] and tried to wrench my arm. [/deleted] He kicked me & told me to get up. Later I was taken to another Jap offr. For interrog. One Thai was also there. Acc not there.
[underlined] No re-examination [/underlined]
[inserted] Court adjourned 1613 hrs 6/2 until 1030 hrs 7/2 [/inserted]
[underlined] 3rd day. Court re-opened at 1o.55 am. 7/2/46. [/underlined]
[inserted] [deleted] 10 [/deleted] [/inserted] [inserted] 10 [/inserted]
[underlined] JAMES WILLIAM BOYLE [/underlined] of 3F Logan Rd. 23 yr old. Present occ – clerk – living in Penang during whole of occ. Clerk in elec. dept. Until 13/8/43, then arrested. I did not know the reason of my arrest, but when inv. started, I knew why. Insp. Chin Kim Weng, Jambu & a few other detecs. came to my house. Immea. [Immediately] taken to Pg. gaol. I know acc. by sight & by name – Carlile da Silva. Identifies acc. Saw acc. on 16/8/43 in one of rooms in gaol. Acc, Song Toh, [deleted] Chong [/deleted], Chin Kin Weng, Jambu and many others. Acc asked me to admit that I was solely respons [responsible] for spreading allied war news among my friends. I told him I was not respons. He insisted that I was solely respons & wanted to know where I got the news from. He wanted me to say that I was the leader of the boys. I did not admit. Acc took me to the detective Branch, Pg Rd. [deleted] f [/deleted] On arrival there & was kept for 3 weeks and 6 day. I was interrogated on one occasion, by acc, upstairs on the second floor. Song Toh was present he asked me to admit that I was anti-Japanese. I did not admit. He brought me back to the gaol, I remained there until 2/9/45. On 17/9/43, he interrogated me in gaol, Jumbu, Alphonse Carrier, & Eustace La Brooy. Acc said I was anti-Japanese, which I denied. He then asked me to admit that I was wholly respons. for discussing news among friends. Denied. Acc slapped me, three blows across the face. Before he struck me he said [underlined] he had to do his duty to the Japanese Police. [/underlined] Having slapped me, he sent us (?) back to our cells in the gaol. There was no effect on me. At fourth interog, taken down alone to an office in gaol, the same office. I saw acc, [deleted] al [/deleted] Insp. Chong, and Jambu. Acc said “ You are definitely anti–Japanese.” I replied saying I was not anti-Japanese. The acc [deleted] asked [/deleted] [inserted] spoke to [/inserted] Chong in Malay [deleted] to assault me [/deleted] Chong hit me on the abdomen, face, chest, and head with a steel rod about 3 feet long and an inch in diameter. Blows struck with utmost violence. I was sent sprawling on the floor and almost fainted. I was dazed. acc. present throughout. I
[Page Break]
[underlined] 11. [/underlined]
limped back to my cell. After [inserted] acc’s [/inserted] Chong kicked me in the face with his boots. Insp. Chong had boots on. I started bleeding from my nose. He kicked me in the back & I had severe pain in my back. Three days after this, when I was put back in my cell, I started urinating blood. That lasted for a year and six months. I was sentenced by Japs to 5 years rigorous imprisonment.
[underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined] I just knew acc by sight on arrest. I broadcast for the japs after occ. Acc not present at my arrest. My house was thoroughly searched at arrest & a radio belong to me was found. Radio taken to det. branch offices. In prison I met A. Carrier [deleted] Mervyn [/deleted] [inserted] Michael [/inserted] Foley. G Coombs, U Magness, Hannigan (?), A. de. Silva, L. Hesler. I told war news only to A. Carrier and E. La Brooy, G Coombs and U. Magness. I did not receive any food from the accused while in gaol. No one smuggles anything to me. I was kept in sol- con. [solitary confinement] and knew nothing about smuggling. At Pol. Bks. I was allowed food from my own home, at interrog. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I do not agree that acc. was instrumental in bringing food or allowing food to be brought. I don’t think I mentioned at P enq. I did not mention that acc. wanted me to admit that I was anti-jap. I later knew reason for arrest. I comm. war news to La B. There were us jap offrs. present at 2nd interrog., on the other three occ. none. La B & Carrier were being interrog at my 3rd interrog. Acc. definitely laid his hands on me on 3rd occasion. He gave a few claps on face, that was all on one occas. A Carrier & E. La Brooy were there. Song Toh slapped me too. I was not brought before proc before trial. Trial in private chambers. AGATA was there, [indecipherable word][inserted] Koo [/inserted], Soong Chi, that’s all. Agata just read the sentence out, we were given no chance whatsoever, to speak. acc not there. I [inserted] was [/inserted] in Sgp when japs invaded Malaya. Not in Pg. when Pg occ. By Japs cannot say date of Jap. occ. Pg.
[underlined] no re-examination [/underlined]
[inserted] 11 [/inserted]
[underlined] DIO SEE BENG. [/underlined] Speaking in Hailam – lives at 40 Service Rd., Penang., I am a cook, 28 yrs I was in Pg from beginning to end of Jap occ. I was a coffee shop assist with Chop Laim Seng in Pg. Rd. I was arrested by da S, Song Toh, and Chiang Swee, on 9/12/43 at 3.30pm. I was taken to Pg Rd Pol Bks. First to Insp Chong’s office (on same day). I was [underlined] assaulted [/underlined] by 6 or 7 people inc. da S., Song Toh, Chiang Swee. Acc struck me with baton on my ribs while my hands were being held out sideways by two men, more than ten blows struck. Baton about 3’ long, 11 /2 thick, made of black wood. I was assaulted altogether on 9 occasions, 3 occasions by a Jap, Hashimoto, 6 occasions by Chiang Swee, acc., Song Toh, Insp. Chong, and 2 other detective whom I knew by sight. Present on every 6 of the occasions – I have desc. [described] 1st Occ.
[underlined] 2nd occasion. [/underlined] 11/12/43. In Insp. Chong’s room – Detecs were present, Insp. Chong, Song Toh, Chaing Swee, & acc. my hands were tied behind my back by Swee & acc. These people then stood around me & “fisted” me. Also acc. Lasted over an hour. Could not
[Page Break]
withstand punishment, appealed to them for help. Then da S. & Swee said they could not help me a it was a rule of Japanese regime. After this assault I was sent to Carnarvon St. Pol. Stn. Acc asked me to admit, while I was in van, asked me to admit I took part in contacting allied Air Force to bomb Pg & also in planning to poison Jap high officials. I denied knowledge of these things. I and my friends used to assemble in a house at 48 Heitton Lane, a front room upstairs. That room was raided 2ce [twice] nothing was found and I was arrested at my house. It was [symbol] [because] of this assembling that I was arrested. In this room I had been making anti – jap, pro-Brit plans
3rd occasion 15/12/43. Chiang Swee came to Cvn St Pol Stn & took me to Insp. Chong’s office. Swee, acc, Song Toh & Chong present. Insp. Chong [deleted] asked [/deleted] [inserted] told [inserted] me that I and other were anti jap & planning for death of Japs & that if I adm. this was so. I would be released. I did not admit, & Chong ordered other people to assault me. He said, pointing at me, “this is a bad man, he should not be allowed to live; beat him to death.” Swee & acc & Song Toh carried me & threw me on the ground face downwards. I became dazed & knew nothing for about half an hour, then was given a glass of water by Chiang Swee. I felt pain over my body, could not see, taken to det. Stn lock up, where I remained 2 nights. When I came to, da S was still in room. Before I became dazed I remember Insp Chong telling me I was so foolish for not wanting to admit. “You will be beaten to death if you do not admit”. I was thrown to the ground 5 or 6 times. I was kicked by these people, acc. incl. acc helped to thrown me each time. It was a cement floor. Thrown from about 3 1/2 feet. I was lifted from above this ht. [height] then thrown. I was thrown face d’wards about 4 times, then Chong stood on my back. Da S. asked me to admit, while Chong was standing on my back & told me If I didn’t admit I’d be beaten to death. For two days I could not sleep & could not eat. I felt pain all over my body. Discolouration on chest, ribs and small of back. No marks now. I did not rec. treatment after this assault.
[underlined] 4th Occasion [/underlined] 3 days after 1st occ. Song Toh came to take me out from det. Stn. lock up. I was taken to Chongs office. Chong, acc, Chiang Swee there, also Song Toh. Song Toh said I was so foolish, I had been beaten so severely & wouldn’t admit. If I admitted I would be released, he said. I told him I know nothing & appealed to all of them to help me. Then Song Toh raised his fist & [deleted] struck [undecipherable word] [/deleted] & struck me on my chest, a violent blow. Then the others joined assault. He also assaulted me, he punched me on my right ear with his fist, and blood came out. This went on for about an hour, intermittently. I am sure the acc took part with others, minor part. After this I was taken back to lock up. I felt pain all over my body. I asked Chong to send me to the [deleted] undecipherable word [/deleted] [inserted] hospital [/inserted], but he refused. I wanted to go for treatment for pain in body.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 12. [/underlined]
[underlined] 5th Occasion [/underlined] 5 days later. Chiang Swee & acc burned me, pointing to inner left forearm. Paper was twisted in “sticks”, dipped in oil, lighted, put against me arm, the lighted ends and on my knee. 3 or 4 lighted sticks were used. Acc had 1. Chaing Swee had the other – acc burned me on the arm. [deleted] [indecipherable words] [/deleted] It caused me pain. I called out for help (? to Gods?) pear shaped scar inner R. arm ovoid [inserted] protruding [/inserted] scar L. kneecap, small ovoid R. kneecap shown. (Forearm Scar discolouration of skin, a mottled brown colour)
[underlined] 6th occasion [/underlined] – beaten with rattan by acc & Chaing Swee. Acc & C.S. each held a rattan; I was standing between the two. Each had a rattan. I appealed to CS. I was struck on L upper arm & all over my body. Both of them hit me simultaneously, each had a rattan about 41 x 3/4 “ thick (thickness of thumb) Chong was not present. Lasted about 1/2 hour. Acc asked me, during this time, to admit. I could not withstand this beating & I admitted. There was pain all over my body. Marks now visible on R. upper arm, outer aspect. Other marks now faded. Indicates 1 linear scar 1 1/2“ in length. I broke down and admitted. Chong typed out a docmt.[ document] & asked me to sign. Chong read out & Song Toh interpreted contents to me. I then signed it. After being detained for 7 mths, I was taken to Ct. In det, felt pain in body in [undecipherable word] Kromat Rd & (?) [inserted] wife [/inserted] brought medicine to me. I asked Chong to send me doctor but he refused. I attribute the pain to the assault on me all 6 occasions. I felt pain in chest, could hardly breath freely, at first I had headaches, pain in general all over body. Persisted for over 2 months.
There were never, on any one of these occns, any fellow culprits present. I was put in sol. conft in a cell. On one occn, Foo Chee Suan was assaulted in my presence, also another man assaulted, him Beng [deleted] Chi [/deleted] Fooi.
Even to this day, there is always pus in [deleted] his [/deleted] [inserted] my [/inserted] R ear. Chong Swee & de Silva beat me on this ear, with fists. I was taken to this present bldg. at the end of inprismt & was charged before 3 Jap Offs, for being anti-jap. Planning to poison & sentenced to 10 years rigorous imprisonment. Acc was not present the. [deleted] Statmt. I had to sign was [/deleted] Jap judge read from doc., interpreted to me [deleted] Told [undecipherable words] [/deleted] My statement (note- one taken under duress) was read out. I told Ct it was untrue, they said it was a true statement. I did not pleased guilty
[underlined] Cross Examined by Defence [/underlined]
Court adjourned until 2.15pm 7/2
Court re-opened 14.22hrs 7/2
Witness on former oath.
I came to know acc. after my arrest. I speak a little Malay. I don’t understand English. The acc spoke to me in Malay during beatings-up. Words (interpreted by Malay int in Ct) –“ We went asst the Japanese we were arrested by Japanese, we will beat you to death. In the hands of the Japs you cannot be hurt, you are sure to be beaten to death,, No I cannot help, wait until the British come, then you can be helped” Acc laid hands on me at that time; the other were present also laid hands on me. Acc. spoke to me.
[Page Break]
in Malay. He addressed me on a second occasion “Now you want to administer poison & kill the soldiers & Japanese Officers. [deleted] You [/deleted] Now you don’t believe me – (?) in the hands of Japanese you cannot be released.” This is true. (Raised hand inct.) Hashimoto was not present on the 6 occasions. I can’t recollect very well when I was burned, I don’t know whether it was the 4th or 5th occn. That incident did take place. Before I was arrested I had no scars. At arrest I was wearing a shirt and a pr [pair] of trousers, a short sleeves shirt. I did not get the scar on my arm while being beaten by people other than da Silva. I know AH/YAP. Q. Would you be surprised to hear Ah Yap say you had this scar before your arrest A. It would surprise me. Q. If he were to say such a thing, what would you say to it. A. He would be telling a lie. I met Ah Yap only once, and have never had a friendly relationship with him [deleted] [undecipherable words] [/deleted] I had no trouble with Ah Yap before my arrest. He had something to do with my arrest. He and? Ah hip gave inf leading to my arrest. On all 6 occ tool part in the assault. It is untrue that he only slapped me once. He did hit me on these occasions. I did mention the names of Song Toh, Chong & Swee in the lowest as being partially response for [deleted] beatings [/deleted] [inserted] deaths [/inserted] of my five friends besides acc. In connec with cause of deaths of [inserted] the [/inserted] 5 people I did not mention their names; I was not asked.
[underlined] Re- examined [/underlined] – It is correct to say I only met Ah Yap 1ce. [deleted] it was a long time [/deleted] It was about a month or two before my arrest, at the market, in the daytime, about 12 o’clock. I was buying vegetables. I was wearing a white shirt & a pair of long trousers. Wearing short sleeves. That was the only time I saw Ah Yap. Next time was on the 9th Dec 43 at the Chourasta Mkt, when this Ah Yap was together with several people incl Ah hip. He nodded at me, but didn’t speak to me. nev stay with me again. I never saw him again.
[inserted] 12 [/inserted]
[underlined] YAP [deleted] NGIT [/deleted] [inserted] NYIG [/inserted] FOONG. [inserted] Hakka dialect [/inserted] 294 [deleted Lower [/deleted] [inserted] Tulla [/inserted] Bahang, Penang. At present unemployed. I was in Pg during Jap occupn. I was arrested by Japanese sometime in 1944, I don’t remember month or day. 4 persons arrested me. Acc was one of 4 (points) the others were Chinese whose names I don’t know. I know acc, he was a detect in Jap Police. He came to my house in plain clothes; [deleted] he was [/deleted] I did not notice whether he was armed but the other 3 dets were armed. The accused was the leader of the party. I didn’t know acc before my arrest. [deleted] Lilw [/deleted] [inserted] Liew [/inserted] Piong did the talking. I just recollected his name now, in Ct. Liew Piong acc me of feeding European soliders. Acc. asked me questions when I was taken to the police station. I don’t remember the date of that. I was detained at Carnarvon St. Pol stn for 2 weeks then taken to Police Bks. A Chinese questioned me. acc. was there, and assaulted me. Those who arrested me were present. Acc. hit me with 3 rattans tied together, about 2 1/2 ft long & 1” thick, hit me 4 or 5 times on my back, nowhere else. The effect was that I coughed blood after I had been released from gaol. I was released 5 or 6 months after beating. I don’t know whether there were any marks on my body. Beating took up to 5 minutes.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 13. [/underlined]
I was not brought to court at all. I fed British Soldiers about 12 and I harboured them, I fed them for 5 or 6 days. As soon as they finished their meals they went up the hills. It was about 10 days after 10 days after Jap occupn of Penang.
Cross examined – I did not know Liew Piong before I was arrested. He gave inf. leading to my arrest & that of others. I can understand a little Malay, I don’t understand English. I understand & speak a little Malay. Acc. did lay hands on my & assault me. If he had not assaulted me I would not have acc. him. I have not accused the other detecs who had not laid hands on me. The others 3 who arrested me did not assault me.
No re-examination.
[inserted] 13 [/inserted]
[underlined] MAT SAAD BIN MAT TOI [/underlined] – (in Malay) - Woodcutter, no 88. Telok Bahang. I am about 34. I was in Pg throughout Jap occ. I was in the prison during that time. I was put in either 3rd March or 2nd April 1944, for feeding British soldiers. I was sentenced to 5 yrs -?-. I was feeding British soldiers, two white men & 1 Indian; they were in short trousers, I cannot say that they were definitely soldiers. [deleted] They fed at my house [/deleted] I gave money to my friend who gave them food. I saw them once only. Someone laid hands on me before my sentence – da Silva. It was while I was in Detective Stn. Tan Cheng Swee was there, [deleted] no one else [/deleted] Lim Chap Sing, also. Ah Chong was in charge of proceedings.
My hands were tied with rope by acc. My feet were” slightly on the ground”. The rope was tied to the top of the door. My feet were touching with my toes. I could not have lowered my heels to the floor. Acc. started to assault me by knocking my stomach with his knee. He also struck me with a feather duster on my back and buttock. He (acc) was standing on the floor. The handle of the feather duster was used. The handle was the thickness of my thumb. Duster was about 3’ overall. On rope for about 30 mins. acc untied rope, when he had assaulted me & ?d me. I felt pain from the assault. I told acc. I was in pain. I yelled out “ Tuay please do not beat me, it’s painful.” Afterwards their [sic] were bruises on my buttocks so that I was unable to sit down for two days, in comfort. I had to sit on one side. There are visible signs on my [deleted] undecipherable word [/deleted] [inserted] wrists [/inserted] of the effect of the rope tied thereon. Shows 2 scars R.wrist, one 2” up inner forearm, other at junction of wrist, and scar at base of R. Thumb.
[underlined] Cross examined [underlined]
When I had my hands tied, Tan Cheng [deleted] Sw [/deleted] [inserted]Swee [/Swee] struck me with a ruler on my head. He lifted up my body & threw me on the floor. That was all he did to me – Lim Kiat Sing struck me with his fist when I was in the police stn. Chong did not do anything to me. I do not know if Chong told de Silva to tie my hands: I merely know it was de Silva who did it. The accused did not only strike me once or twice, that is not true Yes, I did say that I saw no-one else
[Page Break]
[deleted] strike [/deleted] struck by acc at prelim enq.
[underlined] Re-examined [/underlined] – (Omitted ? by Prosec ) – was the accused present at the time of your arrest? Yes he was one of those who arrested me.
[inserted] 14 [/inserted]
[underlined] TENG YOK HENE [/underlined] (Hailan) of 1 Sepoy Lines. I am 22 yrs old. I am a cook. I was working in the Jap Governors hse [house] as a cook during Jap occn., in the Residency. I worked there as a cook for about a month. Then I was arrested by Nakamuria & a Chinese detective, at the Residency while I was in kitchen. They alleged that I & 1 other were planning to poison the Jap officials and to get the Allied Air Force to bomb Pg. I had not planned to poison the Jap officials. I did not take part in any poisoning discussions. 6 others were arrested on the same day for the same reason. A little [deleted] later [/deleted] before, 7 others has been arrested in the same connection. 14 altogether. I was detained in prison about 7 months. I see the accused, I know him; [deleted] he [undecipherable word] [/deleted] but not his name. I was arrested on 11/12/43 and on foll day, acc & Chong assaulted me from 10am – 5pm, intermittently. First of all I was assaulted in the [deleted] prison, then at the Detective station then e [/deleted] detection station. The acc, Chong & another Chinese det assaulted me. He [inserted] acc [/inserted] lifted me up & threw me over his shoulder on to the floor on my back. The he handcuffed me [sic] hands behind my back & suspended me by a rope from a big nail which was on top of the door. I was not touching the ground, but about 3 feet off the floor. I was laying down when I was handcuffed, struggling, lying on my face. They caught my hands when they were in front of me & handcuffs were placed on my hands when hands were behind my back. It was then that the rope was connected & I was suspended. I felt pain all over my body when I was hanging. The acc. hit me with his fist on, my chest and ribs & I was dazed & don’t know how many times. – I appealed to him for help. I was hanging for about 15 mins. Of the 13 others, I saw 3 of them with blood on their clothing, on the front. I was not taken to court, but taken to procurators house in this building. I was released & taken back to work in Governors kitchen. [deleted] 6 other realised same day [/deleted], I reported the ill treatment when I returned to employment to the Governor.
[underlined Cross – examined [/underlined] – [deleted] I was [/deleted] I was also arrested for being in possn of pistols and rifles in the house. I was also brought up on that charge. I know one [deleted] La manoo(?) [deleted] [inserted] LAH MAN OOH [/ inserted] he was arrested on the next day to me. [deleted] He [/deleted] I was never in the same cell as this man. The acc. assaulted me – I knew him. I did not tell about these assaults in lower court because I was never asked. I did mention that I received [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [inserted] more [/inserted] severe punishment then [underlined] Dio See Beng [/underlined]
[Underlined] No Re-examination. [/underlined]
[Page Break]
[Underlined] 14. [/underlined]
[inserted] 15 [/inserted]
[underlined] LIM BAN SIEW [underlined] – [deleted] off [/deleted] of 77A North Beach. Working as clerk in Penang throughout Jap Occ, but unemployed. One day during occ. on 11/11/43, I was arrested. It was alleged that I had a xmitter & that I sent massages to allies, that I tuned in to allies b’casts, and that I had spread war rumours. It was an offence then to have a rec’ing set, only to have a xmitter. I had no xmitter, I did not listen in. I used to talk to my friends – talk in favour of the Brit. Hashimoto, Ida, One Taiwanese named Chin & Chinese detective. I was taken to the Police Bks, Pg Rd & asked ? by Hashimoto, in the presence of Song Toh & the acc. During the ?ing, Song Toh, Hashimoto & acc. all laid hands on me.
After my statement, [deleted] Soh [/deleted] all 3 said they didn’t believe me, so H. started to slap me & Song Toh gave me 2 blows on my chest with his clenched fist. acc. caught hold of my shirt [deleted] H [/deleted] on the chest & threw me over his shoulder on to my back. H. walked out of the office. acc. took revolver pointed it at me & said that if I didn’t tell the truth he would shoot me dead. Acc & Song Toh were both in the room. I couldn’t tell whether the pistol was loaded. I was afraid that the gun my go off. acc slapped me 3 or 4 times on both cheeks. I had pain in the back, which I feel even now in my kidneys I think it is the cause of the acc. throwing me. I was brought before the chief pros released & warned to be on good behaviour for a year. I was incarcerated altogether for 51/2 months.
[underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined] I did not give inf. against one Lionel Clarence Columbus Foley. I was not accused by Ida of owning radio spares. I did not own a shop or these parts. McIntyre did. He is dead. He was lodging with us. I had no business dealings with him. I did not own a shop in Data H. rd with McIntyre, nor did I sell spares. I did not permit LCC Foley to dissem. allied news. I have seen [deleted] him [/deleted] Hui Huat once. Later I found out he was working for Ida. He did not invite me & F. McI to many dinners; not true. He never took me to (?) Waverly Cabaret -// The acc had a revolver with him. He was not a common det., he was a JUNSA BUTCHO – [inserted] one word, a sup inspector. I was ? 10 days after my arrest. I can’t say at all whether or not revolver was loaded.
[underlined] No – re-examination [/underlined]
[inserted] Court adjourned 16 [deleted] 35 [/deleted] [inserted] 40 [/inserted] hrs until 1000 hrs 8/2 [/inserted]
[underlined] President Questions Witness [/underlined]
I was resid in Pg when J. Occ. Island
I was resid in B. troops evac island.
I cannot recall date of B. evac; J. occ was, I believe some time in December 1941.
Court re-opened 1000 hrs 8/2
[Page Break]
1015 hrs 8/2/46
[underlined] 2nd witness – JACK ROZELLS, recalled on former affirmation. [/underlined]
I wish to correct evidence given in my exanimation – in – chief. To wit that Mr Lim Swee Hin informed against me. He did not do so. I am not entitles to blame him. My statement on oath was otherwise correct.
[underlined] cross- examined [/underlined] – [deleted] he [/deleted] It is incorrect to say I handed Lim Swee Hin a slip of paper. There was no paper handed to anyone. I also made the incorrect stat. at prelim enq.
[underlined] Re-examined [/underlined] – Explanation I have to offer slipped my mind. I made mistake 1ce [symbol] [because] my memory failed me.
[inserted] [deleted] 15 [/deleted] [/inserted] [inserted] 16 [/inserted]
[underlined ] OSWALD JAMES FOLEY [underlined] – chief installation insp, Electric Supply Dept., Pg of 16, Hwa Hinn Leong Rd, Penang. [Defence not supplied with copy of statement, wishes to defer x-examination]
[Court grant application to defer x-exam.]
I know C da S: I first met him after fall of Pg. Some time in Dec 41. I have a friend called Tom Scott. [deleted] with whom [/deleted] I met acc. again in Nov. 43. I was walking with Tom Scott alongside Pol. Bks. (1st week of Nov. 43. ) It was about 10.30 am., in [deleted] Penang Rd. [/deleted] Deacon St. The acc, came out by side entrance of Bks. He spoke to Scott. I heard him say “Oh! The Foleys they think they are some ‘big-shots’” He tapped a file he was carrying and said “I have got them just where I want them, and I’ll pull in the bastards one by one.” [deleted] he [/deleted] I was about 2-3 yds. away. I made no reply. We had been introduced a few months before. It appeared to me that he knew I was listening. I thought the remark was made for my benefit. He was in civ. [civilian] clothes, I couldn’t say he was armed. [deleted] I [/deleted] I don’t know what his rank was.
[inserted] [deleted] 16 [/deleted] [/inserted] [inserted] 17 [/inserted]
[underlined] Cross examination deferred until [deleted] tomorrow [/deleted] 2.15pm today. [/underlined]
[underlined] CHIN KIM WENG [/underlined] – Insp. of police, stood at Police HQ, Penang. I have been with Straits Settlement Police [deleted] a clerk and interpreter [/deleted] force since Oct. 1931. Prior to that, clerk & interpreter in the force since April 1918. Pg. was evac by Brit. Troops, as far as I can remember on 17/12/49. I was in Pg as Insp of Police in Dec’41. When Japs arrived, I was hiding in hills [inserted[ Tanjong Bunga [/inserted] I hid until 1st May 1942 – Then I joined the police the Japanese police. I tried to get employment in other department, (Govt) but was not successful. I decided to join the Police, Ban Swee Lin threatened me that I would be arrested. I joined police & was posted to Police Insp to Butterworth. I was one month in B’w’h [Butterworth]– after that transferred [inserted] 1/6/42 [/inserted] to Pg. On 16/7/42 I was called to Chief of Police, YAMAOTO, who asked me record the aliens in Pg. That lasted about a week. On 23/7/42 I was asked to take over duties of issuing travel passes. I did so. Stayed on that til Sept 43. Then transferred to Informt. Dept. My duties were to collect inf. from Insp i/c Divns. There until April 1944. Then I left the Police & joined
[Page Break]
[underlined] 15 [/underlined]
Commerce & Industry. Police dismissed me [symbol] [because] I was not a very competent Pol. Off. I am now 46. Retiring age 45. I had not reached retirement age when dismissed.
I know C. da S. I see him now. I met him when I was with Jap Police. He was in a team of Pol off under inspector Chong, as a detective in Special Branch. He took on this occ, joined as det. after I joined pol. He progressed v. favourably. When I was dismissed he was a Sergeant Major, corresp to a S.M. in S.S. Police. (He was JUNSABUTCHO) I was on staff of Pol when acc promoted to S.M. Also in his “team” were Song Ton, (a Chinese), Chong (Chinese) & Da S. (Eurasian) & Insp Jambu, Da S & Jambu English speaking. [deleted] Team was for [undecipherable word] [/deleted] Function – to suppress anti – jap elements, in particular, people who were pro-British. There were a number of arrests of British subj. at hands of this team. A number of Eurasians were included. I saw the arrests coming in E. La. Brooy, [inserted] P. Mervyn [/inserted] Foley, Jack Rozells, Boyle, A. Carrier, and the two other Eurasians. M. G. Foley, Lionel CC Foley. I saw these brought in on divers dates. 1st was E. La Brooy. The remainder were arrested all on one night, about 2 weeks after la B. They were arrested while I was still on staff of Jap Police. Acc. was promoted to Junsabutcho about a week after the arrest of Eustace La Brooy. From detective to Junsabutcho. It is a big jump. He missed being a Sergeant. Normally the prom. from det to S.M would take about 12 years in the S.S. Police Force. Acc had been a det. for about a year. Promotions made by Hashimoto, officer I/C spe. Bch. He was an offr. with 5 stars. There was another Eurasian promoted – Jambu to S.M. Chong was prom insp. from detec. Song Toh was prom. from det to Sub Inspector. I was not present when these 4 men were in conf (ie Hash. S.T., Jambu & acc)
[underlined] Cross examined. [underlined] – There were many procs [proclamations]. Issued by Japs prior to my joining Police Force in occn. I did not see the proclamations. I did not read them on the walls. I read them in the newspapers. The procs were addressed inhabits & for preservation of peace and order. During these days people lived in fear and terror. I saw the [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [inserted] notice. [/inserted] that all former employees [deleted] were [/deleted] of the Brit govt were to report back to duty. It was not in comm. with this that acc. went to see me. I did not know acc till I was at B’w’h. I sent him one in Penang while I was in Pol. Bks. Acc told me he was a policeman before Japs came, prior to Dec 41, in the S.S. Police Force. He, [inserted] (acc) [/inserted] was transferred to Pg & then to B’w’h when Japs came. I met the acc in B’w’h. He did not come at my request. He said he was unemployed. The he said he would like to join up & I told him he would be informed if there were any vacancies. He then went away. I next saw him some time in Aug 42. He came to the Pol Bks in Pg & offered his services & started with the police.
I was in the company of the Jap officer who was my superior when arrests of all these Eurasians were effected. Chong, Hashimoto, Nakamuria, and others I don’t remember took part in these arrests.
[Page Break]
I effected the arrest of Foley, Carrier, Boyle. These 3 addresses were furnished by Hashimoto. I was warned by Hash that these people must be brought in. The accused was sent to the M.P (?) office to give assistance, together with Chong. They were only there for about 3 months. They complained of being assaulted for not carrying out their duties. I know one Ng team [inserted] G Fooy [/inserted] Loay, a det. Insp. during Jap occ. I don’t know that acc & Jambu appealed to him to be transferred to Special Branch. I can’t remember whether the acc & J came to me for assistance also in this direction. We were all in fear of the head of Spl. Bch. called Hashimoto (‘The Tiger of Penang’). All were afraid accept a very few who were his favourites like Song Ton and Chong & Nakamuria was also in this branch. He was asst & interpreter to Hashimoto. Another Chinese Chong Chong Hean was also interpreter here. I knew one Chong Chee Yoon, an Insp. He was Hashimoto’s right hand man. He was promoted to rank of Kei Shi – superintendent while Hashimoto was here. He was controlling Sp. Bch under Hashimoto. Wee Kian Tat was also Ins. of police, after I left When I left Pol force, Song Toh was sub insp. There was a secret service branch under a Jap. called Ida. He was mostly concerned with persons spreading allied news. Very often member of spc. bch were called upon to [deleted] arrest [/deleted] assist in such arrest for the Jap Secret Service.
These interviews were conducted on Ida’s room. I was never present at any investigation. I was given the post of Shuni, O/I/C, when I first joined police. The inf. about Patterson was given to me by a Jap. M.P. A detec. Located him and he was taken to Police.
[underlined] Re-examination [/underlined] – Da Silva was a favourite, also, of Hashimoto. Jambu was senior to acc in rank. [deleted] [indecipherable word][/deleted] Interog sometimes conducted in room of acc. They would be conducted by acc. [deleted] instructions for their witnesses [/deleted]
[inserted]Instructions for [/inserted] arrests of Foley, La Brooy & others [inserted] Pres [symbol] [/inserted] emanated from Special Branch, I am sure of theat.// Hashimoto did not tell me that acc was his favourite. I say he was favourite [symbol] [because] acc told me he had a loan from Hashimoto. I also say he was favourite [symbol] [because] he was promoted after arrest of La Brooy. Acc was working for Japanese about one year before arrest of Eustace La Brooy. Acc., to my knowledge, was empowered to make any arrest he chose, by virtue of this office he held. As far as Eurasians were concerned he acted on instns. from his head of Department. If he had failed to carry our orders [inserted] for arrest [/inserted] given by his head of Department he would have be subject to disciplinary action.
Q. Can you remember the date of Jap. Occ. Pg. – A. Either on 19/12/41 or 20/12/41, as far as I can recollect. By 20/21. Pg was in their hands.
Q. How do you know acc was [deleted] subject to [/deleted] [inserted] acting on [/inserted] instr. from head of dept? – All instr. were given by head of dept – Hashimoto.
Q. To whose orders were you subject? – (A) To Hashimoto
Q, Were you senior in rank to acc (A) Yes
My department, which was the issue of travel passes, was a part of spe bch
I was not present when at any time Hashimoto gave acc. instructions.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 16. [/underlined]
I don’t know personally whether acc. received int. on person with reference to these arrests, but he must have recd. Some instructions to have so acted. Before promotion it is not necessary to pass any examinations.
Court adj. 1220 until 1440 8/2
Court re-opened 1430 hrs 8/2
[underlined] OSWALD JAMES FOLEY [/underlined] recalled for cross-examination.
I am sure I was in the company of Tommy Scott when acc [deleted] spoke to me [/deleted] [inserted] met us [/inserted]. The acc did see me in the company of T. Scott. I met acc in Francis Night School – 1st occ after Japs arrived. Sometime in Dec 41. The acc. was at B’w’h but he came over. It is not true that acc. did not come over to Penang Island until July 1942.
[inserted] 18 [/inserted] No re-examination.
[underlined] ABDUL BAKI son of IBRAHIM [/underlined] of 108H Sungei Penang Rd Penang – (speaking in Punjabi) – aged 53 yrs.
Before Jap occ in 3 Pen Vol Force. I was in Penang when Japs were here cpl in 3rd Bn, HQ Coy. I was arrested during Jap occ. After I had been in prison for 5mths I was sick & taken to lock up in Gen. Hosp. Pg. I know acc da Silva. The acc came to see me at the lock up in Gen Hosp [deleted] to [/deleted] 10 days later. He said “This is the proper place for you, where are your English medals, your English father, you bloody swine?” This is all he said to me, said it arrogantly. I did not reply. He never said anything further, but then left. Once Maclean had reported against me that I was a British Spy: that is why I was arrested
[underlined] Cross Examined [underlined]
I don’t see Maclean in Ct. Yes, I’ve known him for last 10 yrs. He is my friend. I was treated as an alien during Jap. occ. I had to comply with Jap orders for aliens. I was sent for on 18 occ. by Jap Police. I was arrested by M.P on 5 occns. I may not recollect dates. I knew acc. was det. In Spec. bch. The S.B. had conversation with M.P. cases. The orders of the MP were that all members of spec bch. were to repent with …… I still maintain that acc entered prison lock up and came to me. There was a male Chinese present at my interog by acc. in lock up. [deleted][underlined] No re-examination [/underlined][/deleted]. He was a radio repairer. I cannot recollect his name. I did not give evid. at premlim enq. I was first asked to give evidence in this case yesterday. I had not made any statement to police prior to yesterday, but I made a stat. to Intelligence 3-4 months ago.
[inserted] 19 [/inserted]
[underlined] [deleted] WILLIAM [/deleted] [inserted] WILFRED [/inserted] GUY STREET. [underlined]
Capt in general list att Civil affairs Police, Malaya. I know acc. C da. S. when we landed on 3/9/45 I was assisting an Intelligence Assault Unit to collect evid. agst these people responsible for atrocities in Penang.
[Page Break]
I received stats. implicating the acc. I arrested acc. [inserted] about 5 to 6 sept 45. [/inserted] accompanied [inserted] by [/inserted] Insp. Foley of Police who showed me acc’s residence and acc. in it. I arrested him there & then took him straight to Penang Gaol. He was not in uniform [deleted] he changed [/deleted] I did not charge acc. He was det. on auth to Assault Unit [deleted] [underlined] No K name [/underlined] [/deleted], “ a security arrest.”
[underlined] OSWALD JAMES FOLEY [/underlined] recalled by Defence.
I was not called as wit. For pros. at p. enq. I was called upon on 3rd of Feb 1946. First made Statement on 3/2/46. I made a voluntary statement to “ a court official.”
[deleted] [underlined] CONCLUSION OF [undecipherable word] FOR PROSECUTION [underlined] [/deleted]
[inserted[ 20 [/inserted] [deleted] 18 [/deleted]
[underlined] VERNON ERNEST DAWSON. [/underlined] (F/L) I presided over prelim inq. into this case. Produces true certifies copy of charges on prelim inq. I was presiding offr of a Dist. Ct. to whom acc was sent on a charge of alleged collab. After recording evid. I formed charge agst acc for Supreme Ct. and acc committed to stand trial before Ct now sitting. Until I formed charges, there were no charges formed agst. acc, as far as I am aware. 1st charge asst. enemy, 2nd causing grievous hurt to 3 people, 3 causing [deleted[ harm [/deleted] [inserted] hurt [/inserted] to several people. 1 – Def Regs’39 2 – sections of Penal Code, 3 – ditto.
[underlined] No X-exam. [/underlined]
[underlined] CASE FOR PRESECUTION COMPLETED. [/underlined]
Court adjourned until Mon or Tue at 10.
[inserted] 14/2/46 [inserted]
Not guilty on charges [deleted] 1 & altern [/deleted] [inserted] altern 1st[/inserted] 4 & altern.
[deleted] King & bailey 1924 2 King [/deleted]
[underlined] Acc. rises to give evidence on affirmation. [/underlined
[inserted] 1 [/inserted]
[underlined] CARLILE [inserted] C.E. [/inserted] DA SILVA. [underlined]
Aged 26 yrs from Singapore. Came to Penang in May 1940. Before came to Pg, was P. Constable at Thompson Rd Police Tng. Dept. Came to Penang on transfer – when in Pg, posted to Bwh Pol. St, as Police Constable, until evac. of British Tps [Troops]. On night of evac. left stranded as [inserted] Brit [/inserted] police [inserted] force [/inserted] had to evac too. This on or about 18/12/41. Rec’d as instructions from superior officers, who were A.S.P. Minns and Insp. Isaac. When Japanese occ. Pg. I was residing in Butterworth. While there, opened up a little fruit and cake stall and so earned daily livelihood. I joined Police Service in May 1942 approx, on an order issued by Japs calling on Govt. servants to report to their respective depts. I went to B’w’h Pol. Stn in consequence of this order and
[Page Break]
[underlined] 17. [/underlined]
There to Chin Kein Weng. (insp.) and informed him I had been a police constable. He told me that if my services were reqd., I would be sent for. In month of July 1942, 1st July, I recd. a memo. from Penang Rd Police HQ. After receiving this I reported for duty on 2 July, at Penang Rd Hq, to Insp. Chin Kein Weng at Detec. Branch, and was taken on strength as a Detective. I did not go out of my way to join the Police Force. My reasons were mainly security as there was a persecution of Eurasians at that time, by the Japanese Force. I meant by security reasons evasions of the brutal acts upon the public at that time. I was drawing a salary of $40 per month. I held post of det. till January 1944, then I was promoted to the rank of Sergeant Major – Junsabutchu. This promotion was due to an examination which was held about November 1940, among police officers in Penang and Province Wellsley. Promotion exam was held in Police Bks., Penang Rd & conducted by Mr. MARIDAN. He was then out Insp of Police Dept. There were a great no. participating [deleted] plain [/deleted] on my prom. I recd a salary of $50 per month. When promoted to rank of Sergeant Major I recd a revolver from Hashimoto who was head of my Dept. This revolver was given to officers to use when they conducted raids, for protective reason, when reqd.
I did not threaten to shoot Mervyn Foley nor Lim Ban Siew. Hashimoto at that time was known as Tokokacho, head of Dept, was not only known to his own race, but was also one of the others. His staff also paired him, with exception of insp. Chong, who was later prom to rank of Keishi, meaning Sup.tdt of Police for meritorious services rendered to Japanese Govt. prior to his promo. There was another Insp. – Chin Kein Weng. (Witness 17) who was under Hasimoto, & held rank of Tokoshumi (head of Dept.) He recd orders from Japanese & in turn gave orders out to his subordinates. There were other offrs [officers] in that Dept. – Insp Choo Ooi Chin & also Insp Ooi Kean Talt who also recd orders from Insp Chong & Hashimoto and in turn issued them to their subordinates. Insp. Chong took place of Insp. Chin Kein Weng, on the ration transfer to the Food Control Dept, & insp. Chong them promoted to rank of Keishi. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] Keishi was the main man who took part in instruction pf investigations carried out in that Dept.
I as a Sergeant Major had many duties during my service with the Japanese. I did not exceed my duties. I held post of Sergeant Major until January 1945, and was promoted to rank of Sub Inspector [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] Keieicho (Kay – Yoo – Ho) This prom. was a result of exam held in Police Bks in Month of July 1944, after which I was sent to Police Tg Centre in Kuala [deleted] [indecipherable word][/deleted] Kuga on orders & Insp Chong & Hash. In August 1944. On return I took seriously ill with chromic malaria & did no police work until January 1945. I worked with M.P. Dept in 1942 – Insp. Chin Kim Weng,
[Page Break]
brought Dets. [inserted] L [/inserted] Jambu, Dennis & myself to the M.P Office & detailed us to assist an MP by name of Saki. I worked together with these two brother officers for a period of 3 months and on not giving satisfactory results with regard to information & arrests he gave us a severe beating and made us kneel on our bare knees for practically 3 hours in his presence. [deleted] Insp. Chin Kim Weng was informed [/deleted] Insp Ng [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [/inserted] Yean [/inserted[ Phoey came and asked M.P not to treat us in such a manner. From that time till reocc. I had no connections with M.Ps. Jambu and Dennis were present when I was beaten. Saki accused us of siding with Eurasians & not bringing up reports against Eurasians. I remained in service only for 21/2 months after I became an Inspector and in middle of March 1945 I was put under military arrest & was asked to tender my resignation. The reason for arrest was with regard to my parentage, when I was accused of giving a false registration of my father in Eurasian register which was held in 1942. I was put under military arrest for 14 days while other Eurasians of 1st generation were interviewed. I was released (after Jap inquiries from mother in Singapore.) From then onwards to the time of re-occ I had no employment whatsoever & living on selling our clothing. I got my wife a job in the “Park” where she earned a salary of $40 a night & that also was forbidden by Japanese. One morning a detec. named Maclean, instr by Nakamuria, informed me that my wife was not permitted to work there. On 3/9/45 when the Brit troops landed in Penang, a crowd of Eurasian boys Lionel Foley, Michael Foley, Oswald Foley, [deleted[ Murry [/deleted] Mervyn Foley, [deleted] [indecipherable word][/deleted] “Podgy” Foley, Jack Rozells, Alphonse Carrier and a group of others came to my house in early hrs at 2 Westlands Rd, in search of me. [deleted] Th [/deleted] I was not there. At 11am, on my return, I found my house ransacked, my shoes were even stolen, a few of my shirts and photographs. As a result of this & what I was told, I went into hiding. On 8/9/45 I was arrested by Capt. Street & Insp Foley at my house. I was brought to Pg. Prison & remained there until I was prod. in this court. The Eurasians reg. took place about end of ’42 and early ’43. All Eurasians, heads of families were requested to report particulars req’d by Japanese, with regards to themselves & members of their families. This req. conducted by Insp Charles Brody, assisted by his subord. offs. There was a separate file kept of Eurasians of 1st generation. 3 of us were working under Insp. Brodie, self, Dennis & Jambu. At this time I was working in Spe. Bch. under Insp. Chin Kim Weng who was then i/e. It was after the transfer to Insp Brodie to Balik Palau, about July 1943, when Insp Foley took Insp Brodies post in our Dept.
On 8/8/43, Insp Foley loaned Jambu & self to Insp Chong who was I/C beat duty on that day. We were detailed to follow this checking up parade which was headed by Police Force & to report on our return to Insp.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 18. [/underlined]
Chong himself. While accompanying this parade, I went ahead of the procession & stopped and talked to 2 girls whom I know, namely Joyce Phipps and Wina Hessler. While talking to the two girls, & as the parade as passing by, Joyce Phipps suddenly exclaimed “Look at Eustace making the V sign”. She said this quite loudly. I refer to Eustace La Brooy. I immed.[ immediately] turned round and saw his left hand still in the air making the V sign. He was in a very conspicuous position, standing immed. behind Police Force that was taking part in parade & being rather tall, was easily noticed. I then returned to Police Bks & there consulted with Det. Jambu who [inserted] said he [/inserted] had also witnessed the V sign incident. He told me what it was. After this, we came to the conclusion that we should report the matter, as Eurasians were easily watched, and intel act would endanger not only E. la.B himself, but [deleted] also [deleted] these two girls and us detectives. We reported this matter, for another reason: that there were many other secret service branches functioning at that time – when reported by them this would involve us. We then went to Insp. Chong’s office, informing him of what had taken place (laid all information) against Eustace La Brooy. [deleted] He (Chong) told us to send to [/deleted] Jambu & I went to La Brooys house, on instructions from Insp Chong. That evening, & on finding him, [deleted] out [/deleted] [inserted] not at home [/inserted], we left [deleted] word [/deleted] a verbal message for him with the inmates of the house. We then went away. I [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] saw La Brooy on the evening of the 9th Aug at 4.30pm, in the Pol. Bks. Det. Bch. Chge Rm., When I was there for roll call. La B. was alone in the charge room. Jambu had also come for roll call. I noticed that la B. had his shirt torn, with open bruises on his knees, and his face was red – slightly swollen. I then got in touch with Insp. Chong [deleted] & he & [/deleted] & on his instrns. I put la B, in the [inserted] police [/inserted] lock up. Later that night, I took part in a raid on la B.’s house made by the police. The party consisted of Hashimoto, Nakamuria, Chang Chong [deleted] Yap [/deleted] [inserted] Yean [/inserted] (interpreter), Insp K. Kim Seng, Insp. Chin Kim Weng, Insp. Chong, Sub. Insp Song Toh & a number of detectives. Jambu was also there. In the house, & a number of articles were found by the Senior Officers themselves, which were against the proclamation orders of the Japanese. The included lanterns with Union Jacks printed around their sides, coronation medals, volunteer uniforms complete, coronation books with picture of the King and Queen. A radio was also found. These things were all gathered together by Japanese officers & we returned to the Police Headquarters, where the exhibits [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] were kept by the Japanese in this room. The male members of the house were arrested, together with a sister of La B.’s – Daphne, on instructions of Hashimoto, and locked up separately in various places. A few days later,
[Page Break]
I took part in a number of raids upon the houses of a number of Eurasians [deleted] whose names were given by Eustace & Daphne La Brooy [/deleted] The senior officer had a list of the names of those to be raided. The list was shown to me on the night of the raid. All the officers of the Det. Bch as well as the Spl. Bch. took part in the raids on these houses with [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] exception of Insp. Foley & Mr. Chang Swee & Insp Ohu Ooi Chin. These raids were also accompanied by Japanese officers – Hashimoto, Nakamuria and a few others whose names I do not now recollect. I only raided 3 houses and arrested, with Hashimoto, & Insp Chong, Marcel Carrier, Lambert Hessler, Ulric Magness and Jerry Coombs, and we took them to the Penang Prison. On arrival there, I saw Alphonse Carrier, [inserted] Lawrence [/inserted] Carrier. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] under arrest; other [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [inserted] were [/inserted] were brought in later. During interrog of these Eurasians in Pg. Prison, which was conducted by Senior offrs in my presence, namely Insp. Chong, Kim and Kay & Hashimoto & Song Toh. I smuggled food in to these Eurasians. I did so by putting the food, which was bread, in an empty typewriter case. I did that every time I went to see them. The period of this interrog lasted for about 3 months in the Penang Prison. I was the only one who smuggled food in, I knew the others had not done so, [symbol] [because] I was always there before them. Insp. Foley on 2 occas. asked me to smuggle in some food, which he gave me, to his brother, which I did, to Mervyn Foley. I gave it to Mervyn Foley. Food was not permitted to be brought to them in the prison. These Eurasians were later brought [deleted] out [/deleted] [inserted] up [/inserted] in batches & detained in Police Barracks (Pg. Rd.) for a few days where they were enabled to receive food from their homes. This went on until the order from the court came & asked that these Eurasians should be returned to Pg. Prison.
I did not lay hands on [underlined] Jack Rozells,. [/underlined] with the exception of a slap which was ordered to me to be given by Lt. Ida.
I only slapped E. la B. on instructions, two slaps, [underlined] as far as I can remember. [/underlined] instns. by Hashimoto & Chong, Ulric Magness was present.
I did not lay hands on P. Mervyn Foley. He was investigated & interviewed by Insp Chong. I did not [inserted] put the wts on his thumbs [/inserted] At the time he was being interrog. I was dw/I/P. of a revolver. I was only a detective then. It was not true that I punished him 2ce from behind.
I did not, on any occns, lay hands on Alphonse Carrier. I slapped James Boyle on 2 occns, on orders of Chong & Kay Kim Seng who were then interrogating him. I knew Dio See Beng only when he was brought in. I was not present on all 6 occasions when he was being interog by Insp. Chong, but was there on 3 occasions & slapped him when ordered to do so by Hashimoto & Chong, but not with force.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 19. [/underlined]
I did not burn him. There was a soar on his arm when I saw him with Insp. Chong. I saw it about May 1944. This was long before the alleged burning incident.
Ct. adj 1300hrs 14/2/ until 1415 hrs.
Resumption at 1430 hrs 14/2
I did at no time lay hands on Michael George Foley. M.G.F. was present on one occn when a Dutchman was interned. It was on this occn that John Werjers, who had already given a statement to Hashimoto personally, was re-questioned in the presence of “Podgy” (M.G. ) Foley. He ….. [sic] which he alleged agst M.G.F. to Hashimoto, of having gone to Sumatra with a letter from William Dexter addressed to a Malay who was alleged to have been a member of their Coy. in Sumatra.
I remember Teng Tok Heng giving evidence in this case. His allegations against me are not true. As far as I can remember, on 1 occn when interog was being carried out by Song Toh, Chong and Hashimoto, it was carried out in the Chinese language which is unknown to me & it was on this occ that I was instructed by the Japanese to give him a slap. I did slap him, and others also took part in assaulting this man.
I don’t remember Yap Ngit Foong, and I was never present on any occasion of his interrogation.
I remember Mat Saat Bin Mat Toi. I recollect what he said [deleted] to [/deleted] [inserted] about [/inserted] me here. I did not tie his hands, it was the work of Insp Chong. I gave him a few strokes with a feather duster, again on instructions.
I remember Lin Ban Siew. I recollect his evidence, I did not on any occn threaten him with a revolver. I did not throw him down. I did not on any occn lay my hands on Lim Ban Siew.
I remember James Foley. There was never a time when I met him in the Company of Tommy Scott in Dickens St.
I knew Abdul Baki in the earliest stages of registration when he came to Police Bks. to register himself as an alien, & that was the only occn. “that I spoke to him” [deleted] I do not remem [/deleted] I did not meet him on any occn. in the hospital.
I know Cecil [underlined] Maclean. [/underlined] He worked as an [deleted] det [/deleted] informer for me, - later was employed as detec, working under me for a short period, after which he worked under Hashimoto as a driver. I did not, hit [insert] M.G. Foley [/insert] him with a cycle tyre. His evidence is untrue. This was done by Sun Inspector Song Toh who beat [underlined] Foley [/underlined] for the simple reason of his being rude to him.
I remember Dr. Scully. I did not say “This is the man whose brother is the Insp. [deleted] Foley [/deleted] Scully who refused to work with us “I answered a question which was
[Page break]
put to me by the Japs enquiry whether this was brother of Insp. Scully who was then under arrest of Japanese. All I said was “Yes, he is the brother of Insp. Scully.”
The arrest of those acc. of giving food to [deleted] Brit [/deleted] Brit. soldiers was from inf. given by a Chinese, Ah Kiang, to Insp Chong. I was present when arrest took place.
The only part I played in arrest of the (approx.) 50 Hailan Cools was to be present, accompanied by Japanese senior officers. The informer was one Ah Hip in Hailan. I know this man personally & he told me. When Eurasian in Dr Scully’s case were being [deleted] [underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined] [/deleted] interrogated, & whose stats were recorded in Japanese,[deleted]on [/deleted] instns. from Ida, I prepared the investing. papers for the Ct, which was sent to Hashimoto’s officer and interpreted to English. I them typed the papers, read the stats out to the persons concerned, which were signed or thumb printed by them. I forwarded the papers to the prosecution, after which I knew nothing more about the case.
[underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined] I did not ask Chin Kin Weng to get me into Spl. Bch. It is false. I joined Pol. Fce to save myself & family & others. That included other Eurasians. I had observed for 1 1mnths. Jap methods. They were very much unlike [inserted] those [/inserted] to which I had been used. [deleted] I went in to [/deleted] I did not go in knowledge I wd. have to carry out such duties. My name was put up for exam. It did not incl. methods of interog. supervised by local offr. It was a coincidence I was prom. after Eurasians were arrested. I used no revolver agst two witnesses. It was false for them to say I used one. Insp Foley was my immed. sup when I arrested La Brooy. At that time, Insp. F. was not present in Pol Stn. I was handling a cycle when I saw La B make the V sign. Before reporting I talked with Jambu. I had to make the report on La Brooy. There was every possibility of others reporting it. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] Insp Foley was inf. by Jambu of V sign & by me, when we he returned. I do not agree that La B.’s arrest did result in arrest of other Eurasians. My prom. was not very sudden. In the normal course of events it would take a number of yrs. Many others [deleted] officers [/deleted] sat. Only 2 Euras. I was 1. Prom. partly due to Hashimoto & partly others. The results were comm. to Hashimoto. No Eurasians interned in 1942 – in 1945 1st line (genern.) Eurasians. Wife not interned [symbol] [because] it was proved to them that I was a Eurasian, not 1st genern & wife, according to the law, [symbol] [because] I was not a 1st line. My posn did not secure wife from internment. [deleted] He [/deleted] E. la B. – I was never present when E la B was interog 1st time. Present later when interog in prison. it is false that I hit him on ear & caused deafness. I slapped him 1ce – never hit him on ear.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 20. [/underlined]
I did not submit names of Eurasians to Chong & others. I did not lead raids. I was beaten as Eurasian, but they made no use of my knowledge of Eurasians. I gave food on 2 occs on directions of Insp Foley. I took it to Mervyn Foley, on request of my Supr. Offr. not on own instructions.
I slapped Rozells 1ce on the face, under orders of Japs. There was no stick, never rolled it on stomach. There was never such an incident in presence. I did not punch him in ribs. I did not suggest any ice. Rozells was never carried into cell. I [inserted] could [/inserted] never said “the British would not come back. “From what I remember he was only beaten up by Japs. Rozells whole evidence is untrue.
I had no revolver when with P.M. Foley, nor did I lay hands on Alphonse Carrier on any occ. I did not take part in a beating of him. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted]
Chong asked me to beat Boyle. I merely slapped him. The slap was not sufficient to make him talk. [deleted] I [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I was present on 3 occns when Dio See Beng witness is lying about burning arm. Chong asked what the mark was, [symbol] [because] at that time, many people destroying tattoo marks. I was not present when paper was lit. I slapped him 3 times. I never saw him vomiting blood. It is untrue that I used a cane on Dio See Beng. I never said that the British would have to release him. I never said if the British didn’t come he would die in gaol. He’s lying to say “I stood on his chest. I remember witness & what he said.
If I had had occs to speak to Abdul Baki in hosp. It is false that I said to him “Where is your [indecipherable words] now?” I never said I would rake in all the Foley family. I was not present when the Dutch soldiers were assaulted. Maclean is mistaken to say I was present.
Dr Scully is mistake when he says I said “He is bro. of Insp Scully who refused to work for us”
I was on no occn. anti British a pro-Japanese. I joined spl branch with idea of assisting my own kind. I took no enjoyment in interogs. I only had to pretend to please Japs. Espec. when Hashimoto was present. We just gave them a slap to smart. [deleted] I had be [/deleted] Jap methods were quite foreign to my routine & trg. They were cruel. It was the only system known to the Japs. It was ack. to be legit. means of interog. I was not I/C any interogs. I had to comply with their system. In cases of duty I had to arrest people. But interog done by senior officers when I was present. They beat men with sticks & hung them up. I was only present on one such occn. That was Mat Saat Bin Mat Toi.
[Page Break]
(witness 13) a complainant against me. That was the man on whom I used the duster. I did not tie nor suspend him. That lasted about 15 mins. This is only occn I used an implement. Many of the Eurasians I arrested were my friends. I had to carry out instn from my senior officers.// According to their statement they were all anti-Japanese. I was not cause of M.H. Foley being arrested. I was not present at his flogging with doubled electric wire. I was present only 1ce when M.H. Foley was beaten: just after he had been arrested. I did not inform agst M.H. Foley. It is untrue that I demonstrated a torture to Mervyn Foley. I did not put a basket on his head. - [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] There was never any weight – on finger incident.
The witnesses whose statements I deny are deliberating fabricating their evidence.
I have never said to Dr. Scully “look at this fine car, see what comes of collab” I did not disparage Dr Scully for being friendly with British. I remember Lionel Foley. I did not tell him I would rope in all the Foleys. Nor did I say “Those Foleys bastards.” I did not tell Maclean that I would rope in all the Foleys. Maclean is lying when he said I told him to arrest Capt Tulsaram.
I was not respos for arrest of Dexter, Werjers or Foley (M.G.) I was not very friendly with Hashimoto. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] He was not the man respons. for prom. I cannot say who did. Insp Kay Kim Seng was one. I don’t know why Insp Chong left the Special Branch. I was never beaten by Hashimoto
I did things only to instn. I was anti-Japanese. Whenever I had opport. I helped the Euas prisoners. I never expressed Anti-Brit opinions. I tried to avoid arrests. I consider I earned grat. of Eurasians.
It is untrue that I was prom. for good work in [indecipherable word] in Eurasians. I remember slapping Lionel Foley. I never slapped P.M. Foley. I [deleted] slapp [/deleted] never slapped A. Carrier. I slapped Boyle 2ce. I slapped Dio See Beng 3ce. I did not beat M.G. F. I don’t remember about Tang Yok Bend [inserted] 14 [/inserted] I don’t remember doing anything to Yap Ngit Foong. I did not slap Mat Toi. I used a feather duster on him. I did not beat Lim Ban Siew on any occ. I never saw blood on Dio See Beng’s ear. Jumbu and self took place if Insp Foley when he went. Chong immed. supr. I did not have much influence with him then, nor did I have influence with him later.
No X-examination.
[underlined] 21. [/underlined
2.
[underlined]JOYCE ELLORA PHIPPS. [underlined] – spinster, 26 [deleted] Ayer Ham [/deleted] [inserted]Anson [/inserted] Rd. I know acc. C da S. I also know Eustace La Brooy. I was in Pg. during Jap occ. I remember on 8/8/43, about 11.30 am local time, the Jekedan parade passed in from of my house. I was at the gate, standing. Wina Hessler was standing with me. I saw acc. about that time. He came up on a bicycle to the gate & dismounted – He stood with us. We [inserted] 3 [/inserted] were watching the parade. E la B. was taking part in the parade. I saw him raise one of his hands and he made a sign. It looked like a V. sign. To whom it was made, I don’t know. He was looking in our direction & [raised [deleted] his [/deleted] arm to shoulder, one finger near ears – demonstrated] I was astonished and [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] said, to no one in particular, something to the effect “look what he’s done.” I don’t remember acc. doing anything at this remark. The next day [deleted] I was called to Pol Stn by [/deleted] C da. S. [deleted] He [/deleted] came to our house & told us that a Malay det had witnessed the incident & had reported the matter & said that he was called upon to give names of 2 girls who were standing with him. Then he said he had to make stat on what he had seen. I told him I did not want to make any statement that would convict anyone but he said not to be silly as the stat would not convict anyone as they had already arrested E. la B. & that he had confessed & been released, that our stats. would only be used as records for the file. I still told him I did not want to sign a statement if it would get anyone into trouble. He said that if we did not sign it, we would be in trouble. So believing that our stats would not bring harm to anybody, [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I made a stat. & signed it. Acc recorded it & I signed it. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] Acc then left. I heard nothing more about the case.
[underlined] X-Ex [/underlined]
Gesture of la B. only lasted split second. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted]
Signal was finished when I made remark. I read stat before signing it. I was V. unwilling to sign that stat [symbol] [because] I did not believe it wouldn’t get anyone into trouble. I was friendly with la B. I had no intention of getting onto trouble. It could have meant we have walked about 2 miles. It was not only for the fear of getting into trouble that I signed the statement. But it did influence me to some extent.
3 No Re-examination
[[underlined] SIMON BARNABAS [underlined] of 98 Bath Lauchang Lane. Client in special court – During Jap occ [deleted] not it [/deleted] from beginning of 1943 to re-occ in Sept-45. I was employed in the HIKARIKIKAN, secret service , in comm with Indian affairs, political. At that time the head was HONDA, a Jap. I don’t now a Jap named SAKISATI. I know acc. I remember acc. kneeling down with 2 others in from of Japanese in Burma Rd M.P. Office. I was called there by head of MPS. It was late 1942 or early 1943. I did not see anything else. Acc. had hair dishevelled & shirt torn at back. One of other men was in tears, other had hair dishevelled.
[Page Break]
The Japanese was shouting at them. 3 days later I met acc & asked him what it was about. He told me he was beaten up [symbol] [because] he did not give proper information. In our department we had a number of informers to watch Indian moves. When they gave inf, I passed it on to the chief of Depts. [deleted] Inf [/deleted] If necessary, Chief directs Hashimoto what to do.
[underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined]
I only saw kneeling for less than a minutes. I was not in same room I saw the incident. I saw acc. 3 days after, then many times afterwards. I didn’t understand what was being said. They might have been swearing oath of fidelity. Don’t know rank of Jap. Dennis & Jambu rec the other two. Saw acc. 3 days later in Ct. Room. He was some sort of Det. in Spl Bch. I don’t know what rank he was. That was last convers. I had until now. After release or dismissal from Jap police force. I purchased food stall form him. That was some time in 1945. Black market, not at stall or shop. I knew acc when he was on Hashimoto’s staff. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I don’t know what he did or what his attitude was towards Japanese. First asked to give evidence in this case when I rec’d subpoena. I [deleted] asked[/deleted] [inserted] met [/inserted] acc. wife after receipt of summons & asked her why acc. [deleted] was in trouble [/deleted] had subpoenaed me about Foley’s matter. She said that it was not that but something to do with what I had seen in MP office. I told her that had [deleted] [underlined] [indecipherable word] examination [/underlined] [/deleted] nothing to do with the Foley boys as the [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] dates were so different. I recollected at once to what she was referring, when she mentioned MPs office [deleted] she asked me whether [/deleted] I knew to what she was referring. This was on 7/2/46 or 8/2/46. It was a casual meeting by the court in Light Street. There was no conversation after incident, until 7/2/46.
Court adjourned until 1000hrs 15/2/46
[underlined] Court re-opened 1010hrs 15/2/46. [underlined]
4.
[underlined] REV. BROTHER PAUL. GALLACHER [underlined] of St. Joseph’s College, Principal of St. Xavier’s, Farquhar St. Assistant Superior of St. Joseph’s, I know da Silva, the acc. I came to know him during Jap occ. roughly middle of 1942. He came to see me, probably 5 times during Jap occ. On one occn came alone to see me. Came to [deleted] buy [/deleted] [inserted] get [/inserted] religious objects. On other occns, he came with local detec & MPs. Came to get information about brothers. He asked certain questions about brothers. I think his attitude was friendly. He never made known to me his feelings. Jap [inserted] military & MPs [/inserted] Soldiers visited the place where we live on several occasions. The acc was not always with them: very often they came alone. Nothing in particular happened. On one occasion they came to search the house. Acc was present; I refer particularly to a search party in, I think, October 1943. Acc in party, but I would say not of it. It seemed to me that he was evidently under compulsion. He’s attitude was to prevent, as far as I could see, the search, and he did, at a very early stage, call it off.
[Page Break]
[underlined] 22. [/underlined]
I did not observe from acc. behaviours that he was anti-British. I would say that in regards to Christian brothers, he was helpful. The Christian Brothers, especially the British Brothers were treated, during the occ by Japs, with brutality. They were spied upon, practically interned and treated as collies. That, it seemed to me, was the official Japanese attitude towards us. I can assign no reason to this. This was not so conspicuous in early years, but from 1943 onwards, it was very bad.
[underlined] Cross-Examined [/underlined]
On all the occasions he was friendly. On several occns came with MPs or local detecs, I don’t know anything about him outside of his activities. The acc. is a Roman Catholic. I as superior, was permitted to go to General Hospital. The rest of us were confined to grounds of the college. (Acc is RC). When he came with Mps he was decidedly friendly. [deleted] Subsequently [/deleted] I couldn’t say, on later occns, whether acc was I/C local detecs. I can’t remember whether he carried a pistol on any of these occns.
[underlined] No re-examination. [underlined]
5
[underlined] ARUMUGAM PUNAIA PHATY RUDRA [/underlined] – 6 Penang. Dresser in Prison Hospital. I was dresser in prison hospital throughout Jap. Occn from April 1943. I recollect some Eurasians being brought into prison, in the later part of 1942. I know most of them, Dr Scully, Lionel Foley, Alphonse Carrier, Mervyn Foley, Insp. Scully, Palmer, McIntryre, Jack Rozells, Jimmy Boyle, Marcel Carrier, Eustace la Brooy, Henry Foley [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] and Lambert Hassler. I remember them coming prison. They all came in very fit. I saw them on my [inserted] daily [/inserted] rounds, it was part of my duty. Some Eurasians died in prison hospital, their names were Henry Foley, Palmer, McIntyre and Insp. Scully. They were admitted to prison hospital. I treated them under directions of Prison Medical officer. They were all suffering from beri-beri and malnutrition. McIntyre had pulmonary tuberculosis. They died from these complaints. I saw the acc. come to take statements, during this period at several times. I saw bread in the possession of some of the Eurasians in the cells. [deleted] They [/deleted] [inserted] Bread [/inserted] was not part of the prison diet. I did not see how the Eurasians came by the bread.
[underlined] Cross Examined [underlined]. I was in possession of register of Prison Hosp admissions. It discloses deaths of these mentioned, with the disease of which they died. I made the entries. I have it to this day. I made the entries admitting them to prison hosp. I saw Foley when adm to prison. Almost a year after adm. He died. McIntyre died 1 1/2 years after adm to prison. Palmer about the same. Deaths induced by malnutrition, prison fare poor in quantity & quality & Insp Scully died of Sclerosis pf liver. He was v. healthy when adm. prison.
[Page Break]
Hy Foley was arrested later than la B., also McIntryre, Palmer. [deleted] [indecipherable word ][/deleted] I remember a Dutch soldier in the prison hospital, he gave name WILLAN. He was released along with others. Dr Scully was Eurasians ‘benefactor’ & tried to help them by supplying certain medicines. Dr Scully was able to get some bread in. [deleted] I saw [indecipherable words] [/deleted] I saw [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] Mickey Foley with some abrasions on his back. I had to take off his shirt & he was treated [inserted] by me [/inserted] It was about Feb or Mar. 44. I dressed the abrasions with mercurochrome soln. No bleeding. A cane would give such marks, [deleted] it came from I [/deleted] I couldn’t say acc carried pistol in 1942. I don’t think I ever saw him carrying pistol. Acc never said he would get Foleys or Eurasians all in – we were not on such terms. Acc never boasted to me that he had thrown Mervyn Foley all over the room. I avoided him as I did all Jap police & civil police. I don’t remember the accs promotion. I did notice any Eurasians favoured by acc. I believe he treated all alike.
[underlined] No Re-examination [underlined] [inserted] 6 [/inserted]
[underlined] JEAN BAPTISTE SOUHAIE [/underlined] (Rev Father) – I am a minister of the Roman Catholic Church. I was in Penang throughout Jap occupation. Father Baloche was the parish priest at Pulau Tikus, but as he was invalid, I assisted him during jap occn. Acc paid me a visit as few days after the Jap occ. of Penang. That was the 1st time I met him. He came to get inf about nationality, age, work etc, of Father Baloche & myself. I saw him again about 6 months or a year later. He came to tell me to inform the [inserted]community [/inserted] people they had to be careful [deleted] what [/deleted] about talking war news, particular after the church services. On another occasion he came with a party of insps, I think and 2 japs, to search the house. The Jap who was leading party wanted to enter the house & the acc stopped Japs from entering. I came forward and met them at the door. Then acc. apologised to me in a loud voice. I was surprises he could talk like that in front of Japanese. He said “I am sorry Father, we have to search the house” He searched the house, pulled out drawers, opened almeries, in a perfunctory way. He did not even look [inserted]at [/inserted] what was inside them. Then he motioned to Japs to go out, & party left the house. I never saw him again in his capacity of a Police Inspector.
[underlined] Cross Examined [/underlined]. He was on duty 1st time he came. No uniform; alone. 2nd time. He made an indication work was over. He seemed to be able to impose himself with Japanese. After 1st meeting I knew him to be a Roman Catholic, he told me so the first day he came.
[underlined] No Re-Examination.[underlined]
[Page Break]
[inserted] Chinese writing [/inserted]
[underlined] 23. [/underlined]
7
[underlined] THOMAS RANDALL SCOTT [/UNDERLINED] popularly known as “Tommy Scott” [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I am a clerk in the Customs Dept. I was in Pg during Jap occ. I know Mervyn Foley. We discussed the Jekida movement sometime in 1942. He told me I needn’t join, [symbol] [because] I was Govt servant and would be exempt from it. I know acc, C da S. I remember acc meeting me in Kedah Rd several times, sometimes in [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [inserted] toddy [/inserted] shop at junction of Kelanton Rad or Kwantan Rd. I met acc. at this shop, a casual meeting only. He once warned me & told me that one Frank McIntyre gave some inf. that I had a radio set which was unlicensed. This occasion was in my house. Asked me if I still had it. I told him I was afraid of the MPs & destroy the set. I know a lot of Foleys; I know Oswald,[deleted] I don’t remember meeting [/deleted] I was interened during jap occ. When I came out, I met several of the Foleys. None of them asked me to do anything concerning acc.
[underlined] Cross Examination. [/underlined]
Acc never said anything uncomplimentary about the Foleys to me. I don’t remember anything about it. dec told M. Foley who told me that I was a fool for joining Jekida. I wouldn’t forget if he had said – (President reads alleged words from M Foleys’s evidence) Acc never said that to me. [deleted] [underlined] [indecipherable words] [/underlined] [/deleted]. Oswald Foley must be lying if he says acc. said these words to me I met acc two or three times when I was with [indecipherable word] Foley in Kedah Rd. I passed by Dickens St quite frequently with O. Foley, but I never remember us meeting acc there.
8
[underlined] MARCEL EVELYN CARRIER. [/UNDERLINED] – Of 9 George Rd, Penang, att nt present to Air Ministry Dept of renewal works as electrician. I was arrested on 13/8/43. Two days after arrest, I was told I was arrested in connection with the case of Eustace La Brooy. From my hse [house] 1st taken to Pol Stn at Pulau Tikus, then after, to gaol, after 1/2 hr. When I was in the office, there were 14 other Eurasians in the gaol office. I knew acc, C da S. He came to gaol on several occns to take statements from us. I rec’d some cigarettes & food from accused when I was in gaol. Food was mostly bread. I couldn’t definitely say that all Eurasians rec’d food but there were a few other besides myself who did. I think I rec’d food on about five occasions. I rec’d bread on [deleted] one or [/deleted] two [inserted] or three [/inserted] occasion from acc., and on the others, from the other inspectors. I did not see how acc brought bread to prison. Bread was handed to me by acc in room where the statement were taken. I know Daphne le Brooy & her father. On two occasions, I was brought before them in prison. I think acc. was present on one occasion. On that occasion, the
[Page Break]
Page 50
Eurasians were all brought down. Daphne La B. was already in the room. We were lined up. Daphne L B. was then asked to pick out the guilty ones. One of the detecs. present asked her this. She picked out four & then the rest were sent back. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I was one of those whom were sent back to the cells. The first to be picked out was La Brooy, 2nd Alphonse Carrier, 3rd Jimmy Boyle 4th Ulric Magness. I don’t remember what Daphne La Brooy [inserted] & her father [/inserted] said, if anything.
[underlined] Cross Examined. [underlined]
I couldn’t say whether or not da S. was in charge. I was v .friendly with acc before being arrested as well as in prison. My lady friends was allowed to visit me [inserted] in Rock alp Pol Stn [/inserted][deleted] [indecipherable word] I was allowed to use the telephone. I used it once only. I did not give acc any inf. whatsoever regarding any civilian. I gave him no inf. where politic were concerned. I gave him inf. regarding business transactions. I do not know whether he as a detec. would be interested in it. I was useful to him & he gave me small privileges. In goal was never allowed out of cell. I was only allowed out of the lock up on to the passageway. I could not say whether other Eurasians rec’d bread at the hands of acc.
[underlined] no re-examination [/underlined]
9
[underlined] FRANCIS ANTONY REUTENS [/underlined] of 134 Kalawei Rd, Penang. I am a school teacher in St Xavier’s Institution. I know acc, I saw him on many occasions during the Jap. occn. I never asked him why he came to see me. I spoke to acc on many occasions, the meetings on which he spoke to me were casual. He showed me some papers regarding some Eurasians. He said they were a statement by Jimmy Boule. No MP ever came to see me about acc. An MP once came to see me [deleted] once [/deleted] [inserted] many times [/inserted] & questioned me about Eurasians at large. I can’t remember, the date. They always said that the Eurasians were a bad lot. I always told them that they were good and it went on like this for hours.
[underlined]Cross Ex. [/underlined] I was a store keeper & kept Eurasians store during Jap occ. acc was in habit of coming to my shop. Our store was 326 Burma Rd, about 3 miles from Carnarvon St. Acc visited & purchased frequently at first them he got his rations free when joined police. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] I was wary of talking to acc. Being in police dept, it was diplomatic to be wary. I knew in was in Spc Bch. I knew from him he has assisted in the arrest of certain people. Eustace La Brooy and some of the Foleys. I can’t remember that he gave impression of being unfriendly to these people. acc once come with revolver. I saw him carrying a revolver as far back as 1943. I saw him carrying it. About Nov 43 a young Chinese boy employed in wireless had escaped from custody (Not evidence.) We were asked,
[Page Break]
[underlined 24. [/underlined]
as the Jekidan force, to look for this boy in Pulau Tikas. Acc & wife had come next door to where I lived & when I returned home at 8pm at night, I told acc & wife that MPs were picketing all the junctions. They left the house & I followed them, but before going, acc showed me his revolver & said “I’d better keep this inside.” That was 1st occn. I saw revolver. Some months after I noticed a bulge in hip pocket. On many occasions he (acc) said – The Eurasians are a damn nuisance, they are talking too much: This was the gist of his conversation with regard to Eurasians. On one occasion he told me that “If Foleys don’t look out, he would get the whole family into trouble” [deleted] I don’t [/deleted] because they were talking too much. I do not remember the date of that. I knew the Foley’s then. They sometimes spoke to me. If talking news rec’s from B.B.C. was a nuisance to the Japs, they were a nuisance. Acc. mentioned E la B to me, after his arrear, and the arrest of some other Eurasians [deleted] that [/deleted] acc told me that he had succeeded in [deleted] getting a [/deleted] effecting the arrest of a spy-ring. I told him it was all ridiculous, but he told me that I didn’t know anything & left it at that. He did not specifically state who the spy ring were. He said “ I’ve got E la B & these other Eurasians.” I don’t remember him telling me he had been promoted.
[No re-examination.]
10
[underlined] ERIC PETER BALHATCHET. [/underlined] – 132 Kalawei Rd. News editor of Penang Gazette. During Jap occ, I was news editor of English edition of Penang Shimbun. I was President of Eurasian Welfare Assocn. They referred to me as leader of Eurasian community. I was not, at the beginning. [deleted] after [/deleted] At the end of Dec 42 I was elected at a general meeting of Eurasian community. The acc came to see me on several occasions. I cannot remember 1st occasion date. I remember one occn shortly after the arrest of an Eurasian, acc came to me house [inserted] casually [/inserted] one morning and I approached him to do what I could to help them. I offered him money to buy food & take it to Eurasians. He refused to accept the money and said that he would take in food himself whenever he could. He also showed me, at the same time, a whole sheaf of papers which he said were statements which had been made by the arrested Eurasians. [deleted] I felt that it was [/deleted] He didn’t ask me for any advice on the papers. I know the Foley family. I cannot remember any discussion about them. I do recall that he mentioned that the Eurasians in general were giving a lot
[Page Break]
of trouble by talking too much about the news.
[underlined] Cross Examined. [/underlined]
I was not aware that he was respons for arrest of Eurasians. I formed impression he wanted to excuse facts of arrested Eurasians. I made a general offer of money, no sum mentioned. He did not call upon me to pay debts of food or money. I was afraid to press the matter further. I felt either he was unwilling, or he could not [deleted] feed [/deleted] get food to them. I saw him after his promotion. I can’t say whether it was before or after arrest of Euras. [deleted] [indecipherable word] [/deleted] [inserted]I am not sure whether [/inserted] it was after my convers. about the food.
[underlined] No re-examination [/underlined]
Pres/ In the course of conv.I naturally asked why Euras had been arrested. Then it came out that Eurasians had talked too much about news, showing me the sheaf of papers.
Adjourned until 1415 hrs 15/2
Court re-opened 1417 hrs 15/2
[underlined] D. GOVINDRA SAMI [/underlined] [inserted] 11. [/inserted] Detective No 63 attached to Central Police station. Detec during Jap occ. I know C.da S. I came to know him during [inserted] his [/inserted] my police service. He was a Sergeant Major, I cannot remember the date he became Sergeant Major. I was once a Sergeant Major, together with da S.I became a S.M. by sitting for an examination. Acc was among those who sat for examination. I can’t remember date of examination. I saw acc. with revolver after he became a sergeant major.
[Cross-Examined]
I was in same office in Spl Bch as acc. I never took part in assault of Eurasians, I was in Indian Section. Everybody had to enter for the examination, incl Eurasians. He was not the 1st, all of us had to enter at same time. It would not surprise me to know he had revolver before exam. Usually he would have a revolver in the office after he was S/M. I cannot say whether he was armed before he went on raid. Hashimoto respons for my promotion [symbol] [because] recommendn. must have reached him - & so with acc. I [deleted] cannot say [/deleted] [inserted] do not know [/inserted] whether acc was favourite of Hashimoto.
[underlined] no re-examination [/underlined]
[underlined] Case for Defence Closed [/underlined]
[Page Break]
[underlined] 25. [/[underlined]
Defence quotes from Proclam. – that a lenient view should be taken of these alleged offences, as they were merely of a technical nature – that he played only a minor part, in which others persons were involved.
Pleads that facts must be subordinate to [underlined] intention [/underlined]. Under orders of superior officer when some offences committed, were acts unreasonable, or in good faith.
Adjourned till 1000 16/2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
British Military Administration (Malaya) Military Courts. Charge Sheet
Description
An account of the resource
Details charges and trial of Carline Da Silva for giving assistance to Japanese secret police. Covers all 14 charges, lists witnesses and provides handwritten notes on testimony. Charges annotated with handwritten notes. Three printed pages and 25 pages written notes.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Three page typewritten document and twenty-five pages of handwritten notes
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MYeomanHT104405-190417-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
British Army
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Malaysia
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1943
1944
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Claire Monk
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
military discipline
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/630/30896/MPotterPL1878961-150914-20.1.jpg
3b41935bffce9ab446e7a81a78a6d985
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Potter, Peter
P Potter
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Potter, P
Description
An account of the resource
39 items. Collection concerns Peter Potter, (1925 - 2019, 1876961 Royal Air Force). He flew operations as a rear gunner with 626 Squadron. Collection contains an oral history interview, his logbook, memoirs and photographs
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Peter Potter and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-09-14
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined]Bridlington[/underlined]
At Bridlington, one of our squad went pub crawling, having received a
cash gift from a relative. He overdid the imbibing a little and somehow
managed to fall into the emergency static water tank on his way back to
camp.
He was rescued by a couple of Waafs and delivered to the camp
guardhouse.
Normally he would have ended up in a cell and been put on a charge, but
the SP.s wanted nothing to do with him and refused entry to the
guardhouse as he stank to high heaven with the putrid water of the E.W.S.
We took him to the showers, where we stripped him and left him sitting
on the floor under a shower and his clothes beneath another. He came
into the billet about an hour later, still wet and minus his clothes. One of
the chaps went for the clothes, which were still under the shower. Both
showers were still on.
Next morning he had to wear his best blue on parade and the Sergeant
Instructor, having heard the tale, decided to put us over the assault course.
The poor bod was up most of the night sorting his uniforms out.
By the way he had no memory of falling into the E. W. S and thought he
had fallen into the North Sea.
The next morning he was put on kitchen fatigues for being so scruffy and
no shine on his boots.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Bridlington
Description
An account of the resource
Tells story of comrade who got drunk on pub crawl and fell into an emergency static water tank on his way back to camp and resulting events.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One page printed documents
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MPotterPL1878961-150914-20
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Yorkshire
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Bloomfield
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
military discipline
RAF Bridlington
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/630/30874/BPotterPLPotterPLv80001.1.jpg
ebffe1a33dad1c22314844e89e37e00a
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/630/30874/BPotterPLPotterPLv80002.1.jpg
53539a22df15cbe9536e9c75aed92411
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Potter, Peter
P Potter
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Potter, P
Description
An account of the resource
39 items. Collection concerns Peter Potter, (1925 - 2019, 1876961 Royal Air Force). He flew operations as a rear gunner with 626 Squadron. Collection contains an oral history interview, his logbook, memoirs and photographs
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Peter Potter and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-09-14
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Keil Canal Operation]
My most memorable successful operation was when dropping mines in the Kiel Canal from 500ft. We flew straight along the canal dropping one mine at a time in what was one of the most heavily defended targets of the war. There was so much firing along the canal that we could see almost as clearly as in daylight.
It was necessary to fly at 500ft to ensure the mines would enter the water at the right angle to prevent them breaking apart. It meant that every gun on either side of the canal and all ships could fire at us without fear of hitting one another. To this day I marvel that we survived, as unlike most of the targets where only the Flak and Fighters had to be braved, for the first time we were the sole target during our drop run. Sheer luck.
We all felt fear at times, but it affects people differently. For me it was a stimulant and when a civilian I was unable to settle until I became a fireman.
I flew on two other ops to cover for bods who could not get back to the station in time and their crews asked me to help out to save the absentees getting into trouble. On one op the c.o. knew what was going on as that morning he called me to his office to offer me a commission (which I had to refuse owing to putting my age up to join the RAF). He recognised me
[page break]
at briefing and knew I was with the wrong crew. However, he did nothing except to say that he needed to know if I did it again.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Kiel Canal operation
Description
An account of the resource
Describes operation dropping mines in Kiel Canal. Mentions attack at low level, anti-aircraft fire and lucky not to be hit. Concludes by telling of flying to cover crew who had failed to get back to station in time and refusing a commission. Page numbered 2 and 3.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page printed document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
BPotterPLPotterPLv8
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Kiel Canal
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Bloomfield
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
aircrew
anti-aircraft fire
bombing
fear
military discipline
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27141/SHughesCL1334982v10038.2.pdf
8a485025873ebc39df75eb66b1872335
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Stamp] JUN 1945
26A5
[Underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL [/underlined]
[Underlined] PRECIS: INVESTIGATION OF CHARGES [/underlined]
Appendices:- “A” – List of Offences Punishable Summarily.
“B” – Orderly Room Procedure.
References:- M.A.F.L. – R.P.. 3 and 4.
K.R. Chap. XV. Sect. III.
A.P. 837, Sect. 24.
[Underlined] Officers who may hear charges [/underlined]
1. (a) Commanding Officer – normally the Station Commander; but on certain stations the officer commanding a unit is specifically authorised by the Air Council to exercise the full disciplinary powers of C.O.
(b) Subordinate Commander – Officer commanding a unit or section who is subordinate to C.O. for disciplinary purposes and to whom C.O. has delegated powers of punishment.
[Underlined] Offences Punishable Summarily [/underlined]
2. There are only certain offences which C.O. (or subordinate commander) can dispose of summarily without permission of A.O.C. These offences are shown in K.R. 1129, and for convenience are set out in App. “A” to this precis. This power of summary disposal does not prevent C.O. from sending accused charged with any of these offences for trial by C.M. when sufficiently serious to warrant punishment beyond his powers.
3. Other offences under A.F.A. normally tried by C.M., but C.O. may in appropriate circumstances apply to A.O.C. to permit summary disposal by C.O.
[Underlined] Charges Against Officers [/underlined]
4. When C.O. learns of circumstances that may lead to charge against an officer, he will investigate them to decide whether:-
(a) To prefer charge; or
(b) To administer reproof (K.R. 1154) or
(c) Refer matter to superior authority; or
(d) No foundation for further action.
5. If charge preferred, C.O. will investigate by hearing witnesses’ evidence in presence of accused and:-
(a) Dismiss charge, if satisfied accused not guilty, or insufficient evidence against him; or
(b) “reprove” him if circumstances warrant it – (see A.P. 837, para. 734 (iv)); or
(c) Order a summary of evidence to be taken to consider whether to apply for trial by C.M. or summary disposal by A.O.C. for which see K.R. 1153.
6. For procedure regarding:-
(a) Confidential reports on and courts of inquiry into misconduct by officers.
(b) Administrative action (not amounting to an air force punishment) which may follow misconduct by an officer;
See A. P. 837, paras. 733 to 735A. (Note that C.O. cannot [underlined] punish [/underlined] an officer, “[indecipherable]” not being classed as a punishment under A.F.A.)
[Underlined] Charges against Warrant Officers [/underlined]
7. Procedure outlined in paras. 4 and 5 above applies equally to
/Contd . . .
[Page break]
– 2 –
warrant officers, except that, if charge preferred (whether by C.O. or other officer), case first heard formally by subordinate Commander but must always be remanded after investigation to C.O.
[Underlined] Charges against N.C.Os and Aircraftmen [/underlined]
8. Charge to be investigated in first instance by subordinate commander who will decide whether:-
(a) To remand case to C.O. where offence sufficiently serious or beyond Subordinate Commander’s powers, or where charge sent by authority outside station, or
(b) To award a punishment within his powers, subject where applicable to accused’s right to elect trial by C.M. (A.F.A. Sect. 46 (8), or
(c) To dismiss the charge.
9. Charges remanded by subordinate commander are heard by C.O., who may:-
(a) Dismiss charge if insufficient evidence or case trivial, or as a matter of discretion for any reason, e.g. good character of accused; or
(b) Award punishment within his powers, subject where applicable to right to elect trial, or
(c) Order Summary of Evidence to be taken with a view to trial by C.M., or
(d) If offence not punishable summarily, apply to A.O.C. for permission to deal with case.
[Underlined] Use of Forms for Hearing Charges [/underlined]
10. Charge Form 252, for written statement of charge against airman. Raised by person preferring charge and sent to accused’s subordinate commander (via Guard Room, if close arrest).
11. Offence Report F. 281, used by:-
(a) Subordinate Commander when hearing charges.
(b) Adjutant for P.O.R. and documentary action.
(c) C.O. for reviewing punishments by subordinate commanders.
12. Guard Report F. 160, used:-
(a) For recording details of airmen in close arrest.
(b) By C.O. when hearing charges remanded to him.
[Underlined] Orderly Room Procedure [/underlined]
13. “Orderly Room” – term used to denote procedure by which C.O. or subordinate commander disposes of charges and also hears applications and complaints. Should be held each day if any cases (no objection in war-time on Sunday). Hour for C.O.’s Orderly Room should be laid down in Station Standing Orders, to allow subordinate commanders to investigate in all cases first.
14. Orderly Room procedure, described in App. “B” to this Precis, applies not only to C.O. but also to Subordinate Commander who must thoroughly investigate all matters even if beyond his powers to deal with. Junior Officers should be detailed to attend C.O.’s Orderly Room under instruction.
[Page break]
– 3 –
[Underlined] Civil Offences committed by Service Personnel [/underlined]
15. Civil authorities decide whether to deal with such cases or request C.O. to do so. Certain offences, listed in A.M.O. A.532/42, have to be reported to the civil police.
16. When charges referred by civil power to C.O. to deal with,
(a) Subordinate Commander to investigate and remand to C.O. for final disposal (K.R. 1127 (4)).
(b) If summary disposal appropriate, C.O. to obtain prior authority from A.O.C. as charge falls under A.F.A. S.41.
(c) C.O. to notify civil authorities of action taken against accused (A.532/42 para.4).
[Underlined] Necessity for Investigating Charges Promptly [/underlined]
17. Commanders should ensure that all charges brought against persons under their command are dealt with as promptly as possible. Considerations include:-
(a) Accused, who may be in arrest, is in a state of suspense.
(b) Delay in disposal contributes to lowering of morale.
(c) Evidence of witnesses become less reliable as time passes.
(d) Witnesses may be posted overseas.
[Underlined] Change of Arrest or Release without Prejudice to Re-arrest [/underlined]
18. C.O. has discretion to change arrest from close to open or to release from arrest without prejudice to re-arrest.
[Underlined] Amendments to this Precis : [/underlined]
[Page break]
[Underlined] APPENDIX “A” TO PRECIS ON INVESTIGATION OF CHARGES. [/underlined]
[Underlined] LIST OF OFFENCES PUNISHABLE SUMMARILY ON ACTIVE SERVICE WITHOUT REFERENCE TO HIGHER AUTHORITY [/underlined]
[Underlined] Sections of A.F.A. Offence [/underlined]
10 (2) Assaulting escort
10 (3) Resisting escort
10 (4) Breaking out of camp
11 Neglecting to obey any general, local, or other orders.
14 Assistance of or connivance at desertion
15 Absence without leave
18 (1) Malingering or feigning or producing disease or infirmity.
18 (3) Producing or aggravating disease or infirmity, or delaying its cure.
19 Drunkenness (aircraftmen only)
20 Permitting prisoner to escape (except if act is wilful).
21 Irregular arrest or confinement
22 Escape from confinement
Deficiency in and injury to equipment.
27 (4) False statement as to leave
33 False answers or declaration on enlistment (except enlistment from R.A.F. reserve).
34 General offences in relation to enlistment.
39A (1) (a) and (b) Damage to aircraft, etc., where the damage is small and the act or neglect is not wilful.
39A (2) (a) Signing a certificate in relation to an aircraft without ensuring the accuracy thereof.
40 Minor irregularities contrary to good order and air force discipline.
[Underlined] Amendments to this Appendix [/underlined] :-
[Page break]
[Underlined] APPENDIX “B” TO PRECIS ON INVESTIGATION OF CHARGES. [/underlined]
[Underlined] ORDERLY ROOM PROCEDURE [/underlined]
1. Adjutant, having satisfied himself all in order, enters C.O’s office, salutes and reports: “Orderly Room present and correct, Sir”, handing him Guard Report F.160 and charge F.252. C.O. Orders “March In” and puts on his cap. Adjutant passes order to S.W.O., and stands to left and just behind C.O. Subordinate Commander and any officers under instruction enter and stand to right of C.O.
2. S.W.O. then marches airmen in one by one for applications and complaints, which should come first. Then comes the accused. S.W.O. outside orders “Accused, cap off”, and then marches in escort, accused and all witnesses. C.O. reads from Guard Report F.160 the charge, beginning with accused’s service particulars; e.g. “No.345679 LAC Blank, H; is that your correct number, rank and name? . . . You are charged on . . . (date) at . . . (place) with, when on active service . . .”
3. If accused demands, evidence to be given on oath.
4. S.W.O. marches out all witnesses except the first.
5. First witness gives evidence. C.O. asks accused if he wishes to question (i.e. cross-examine) witness. C.O. questions witness further if any points require clearing up. Witness then to be marched out.
6. Same procedure with other witnesses against accused, one by one.
7. C.O. asks accused whether he wishes to make statement and, if so, hears it. Then asks accused whether he wishes to call any witnesses; if so, calls them one at a time and allows accused to question them, i.e. to bring out their evidence.
8. C.O. after considering evidence, adopts one of the courses indicated in para. 9 of precis. If decides guilty, calls for conduct sheet F. 121, which must not be looked at earlier by C.O. under any circumstances so as not to prejudice case.
9. C.O. examines F.121 to consider what punishment in light of accused’s record. If proposing to award punishment involving loss of accused’s pay, asks :- “Will you accept my punishment, or do you elect to be tried by Court Martial?”
10. If accused does not elect, C.O. awards punishment; if accused elects, remands for summary of evidence; in both cases entering details on F.160 and F.252.
11. In case of Subordinate Commander, N.B. :-
(a) Offence Report F.281 used in place of F.160.
(b) If accused elects trial by Court Martial, remand to C.O.
12. If necessary to remand for further evidence, charge to be brought forward daily (on F.160 or F.281) to C.O. or Subordinate Commander as applicable; not necessary for accused to be brought in person.
[Underlined] Amendments to this Appendix [/underlined] :-
[Page break]
– 2 –
/Contd . . .
19. At the summary hearing of a charge against an A.C.1, the C.O. being dissatisfied with the evidence of the first witness ordered the evidence of all witnesses to be given on oath. Comment on this. [Inserted] NO. [/inserted]
20. A F/Lt. Subordinate Commander remands a L.A.C.W., charged with improper possession, to the C.O. Is this right? [Inserted] NO [/inserted]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - investigation of charges
Description
An account of the resource
Covers officers who may hear charges, officers punishable summarily, charges against officers, charges against W.O.s, charges against N.C.O.s and aircraftsmen, use of forms for hearing charges, orderly room procedures, civil offences committed by service personnel, necessity for investigating charges promptly and change of arrest or release without prejudice to re-arrest. Followed by two appendixes, the first lists offences punishable summarily on active service without reference to higher authority and the second on orderly room procedures.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Six page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10038
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Bloomfield
Anne-Marie Watson
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
military discipline
military service conditions
RAF Cranwell
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27140/SHughesCL1334982v10037.2.pdf
c00edffe4779d80cb47a94de6a6e5746
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
25A5
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: ARREST AND CUSTODY [/underlined]
Appendix: Specimen orders for Escorts of Officers in Close Arrest.
References: M.A.F.L. – A.F.A. Sects. 4 – 41 and 45.
K.R. Chap. XV. Sect. 11
A.P. 937, Sect. 23.
[underlined] Introduction to Air Force Law. [/underlined]
1. Service personnel remain citizens of country subject to civil laws; in addition have to observe special Service code contained in:-
(a) Air Force Act (A.F.A. found in M.A.F.L.)
(b) Rules of Procedure (R.P. “ “ “)
(c) King’s Regulations and Air Council Instructions (K.R.)
(d) Other orders issued by formations, e.g., A.M.Os., C.R.Os., G.R.Os., S.R.Os.
2. All officers should know their way about M.A.F.L. which is divided broadly into:-
(a) Introductory chapters, explaining A.F.A. and R.P.
(b) A.F.A.
(c) R.P.
(d) Miscellaneous Acts and Regulations.
3. Service offences are contained in A.F.A. Sects. 4 – 40. By Sect. 41, every offence against civil law is also made a Service offence.
4. A.F.A. not only lists offences, but contains provisions safe-guarding the rights of the individual. The duty of every commander to ensure those rights safeguarded, (see para. 25 below).
[underlined] Arrest – General [/underlined]
5. Two kinds of arrest: CLOSE AND OPEN. Close arrest, involving greater restrictions on liberty of accused, reserved for most serious offences.
6. Close arrest for officers, W.Os. and N.C.Os. means accused confined to his room with escort of same rank; for aircraftmen, confinement in Guard Detention Room. Accused to be deprived of firearms and potential weapons.
7. Open arrest means accused confined within station boundaries WITHOUT ESCORT.
8,. Accused in close arrest not required to perform ordinary duties except in emergency; in open arrest carries out such duties as C.O. considers advisable, but should not normally be sent on operations.
9. Accused in close or open arrest relinquishes acting rank if he ceases to perform acting rank duties, but, if acquitted or case not proceeded with, may recover acting rank retrospectively.
[underlined] Arrest – who can order [/underlined]
10. An officer, W.O. or N.C.O. can order arrest of any person of inferior rank. Nature of arrest, i.e. close or open, to be specified at time of ordering. Person ordering arrest should avoid contact with offender.
[page break]
- 2 -
[underlined] Arrest of an Officer [/underlined]
11. C.O. does not normally place officer in arrest until satisfied it will be necessary to proceed with case. If charge preferred, must be placed in arrest. Adjutant normally carries out arrest, handing him written notice of arrest specifying type and copy of charge. Notification to A.O.C. and A.M.
12. Close arrest – confined to his room with escort of same rank, Exercise taken with escort as laid down by M.O. Arrangements should include:-
(a) Detailing of escort by roster.
(b) Written orders for escort (See Appendix to this precis)
(c) Three copies of charge (for accused, escort and file).
[underlined] Open Arrest – No Escort. [/underlined]
13. Accused restricted in following ways:-
(a) Normally to remain within station boundaries.
(b) Not to use Mess.
(c) Not to attend entertainments or public assemblies.
[underlined] Arrest of W.O. or N.C.O. [/underlined]
14. If offence not serious, need not be placed in arrest.
15. Close arrest – confined to quarters with escort of same rank. Charge preferred in writing on charge Form 252 and details entered on Guard Report F. 160. Written orders for escort.
16. Open arrest – NO ESCORT. Confined within station boundaries. Guard Room informed. W.O. not to use Sergeants’ Mess; F/Sgt. and Sgt. may have meals in mess, but not use liquor bar; Cpls. not to use Corporals’ Room or liquor bar.
[underlined] Arrest of Aircraftman [/underlined]
17. Should not be placed in close arrest unless offence accompanied by drunkenness, violence, insubordination or necessary to prevent escape or maintain discipline. Need not be placed in arrest at all if charge not serious.
18. Close arrest – confined in Guard Room. Written charge on F. 252 and details entered on Guard Report F. 160.
19. Open arrest – confined within station boundaries. Usually ordered to report to Guard Room at fixed times. Must not enter liquor bar of institute.
[underlined] Arrest of W.A.A.F. Personnel [/underlined]
20. Provisions described above apply generally in case of W.A.A.F. personnel, with following exceptions:-
(a) Airwomen in close arrest not to be detained in R.A.F. Guard Room.
(b) Escort or Guard must be W.A.A.F. personnel.
For full explanation of powers of arrest by and over W.A.A.F. personnel see A.421/44.
[underlined] Arrest in case of Drunkenness [/underlined]
21. Aircraftman who is drunk is to be placed in close arrest, alone, in Guard Detention Room. No tests to be given. M.O. to be called only
/contd……………
[page break]
- 3 -
Continued…..
if offender appears ill or injured, or asks to see him on those grounds. Charge not be heard until accused sober.
(See M.A.F.L. Ch. III Paras. 42 to 45.)
[underlined] Airmen’s Possible loss of Pay when in Close Arrest [/underlined]
22. Airman loses pay for every day in close arrest if:-
(a) Convicted by Court Martial or civil court.
(b) Awarded detention by C.O. for absence without leave. (K.R. 3470 (1) (d))
[underlined] Delivery of Charge against airman in Close Arrest [/underlined]
23. If airman placed in close arrest written charge on F. 252 be sent to Guard Room forthwith.
[underlined] Framing of charges [/underlined]
24. Charge to be framed in simple language showing what accused did or omitted to do. (A.P. 837 para. 1655).
[underlined] Examples:- [/underlined]
(a) [underlined] W.O.A.S. [/underlined] Absent without leave from 00.01 hours on 1st June, 1944 to 1701 hours on 3rd June, 1944. Absent 2 days 17 hours.
(b) [underlined] W.O.A.S. [/underlined] Not leaving the Institute when ordered by 1234567 Cpl. Jones H., to do so.
(c) [underlined] W.O.A.S. [/underlined] Unshaven on 0830 hours working parade.
(d) [underlined] W.O.A.S. [/underlined] Being in improper possession of one pair of boots belonging to 1313131 L.A.C. Smith, T.
(e) [underlined] W.O.A.S. [/underlined] Having an untidy kit on C.O’s. inspection.
(f) [underlined] W.O.A.S. [/underlined] Being out of bounds in the W.A.A.F. lines contrary to Station Standing Orders Pt. 1, No. 28.
[underlined] Redress of Wrongs [/underlined]
25. Every officer and airman has right to apply for redress of wrong – officers under A.F.A. Sec. 42, airmen under Sec. 43. Commanders are responsible for ensuring that correct procedure followed and that proper system exists in units for such applications to receive appropriate treatment. Necessity for this emphasised strongly in A.M.O. A.1116/42.
Full instructions contained in K.R. 1081 & 1081A (A.L. 131)
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis [/underlined]
[page break]
APPENDIX TO PRECIS OF LECTURE ON [underlined] ARREST AND CUSTODY [/underlined]
SPECIMEN ORDERS FOR ESCORTS OF OFFICERS [underlined] IN CLOSE ARREST [/underlined]
1. Your duty is in no circumstances to be relinquished until you are relieved by the officer next detailed for duty.
2. You are personally responsible for the safe keeping of the officer under arrest (hereinafter called the accused) and are to remain with him at all times until relieved. You are not to release the accused from close arrest, or vary the terms of these orders except on written authority from the Station Commander or the Station Adjutant.
3. You are to ensure that the accused does not leave his quarters except to take exercise at hours which will be prescribed by the Medical Officer. You are to accompany the accused when at exercise, which is to be taken only between the Officers’ Mess building and ……………………………. You are to see that the accused is properly dressed when outside his quarters.
4. You are to hand these orders and the attached copy of the charge, to the officer who relieves you.
5. You are warned that to permit the accused to escape renders you liable to prosecution under Section 20 (2) of the Air Force Act.
6. You are to search the accused and his room for weapons or potential weapons and remove them.
7. You are not to permit the accused to consume any alcoholic liquor.
8. The accused is not to speak to any person other than yourself, the Chaplain of his denomination, the Medical Officer, any officer detailed as Defending Officer, Defending Counsel, friend of accused and any of his witnesses.
9. You are to remember that, although the accused is under arrest, he is presumed innocent until proved guilty, and this must govern your attitude to him. Conversation regarding the alleged offence is to be avoided.
[underlined] Amendments to this Appendix [underlined]
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
ARREST AND CUSTODY – QUESTIONS [/underlined]
1. What is the difference between open and close arrest. [inserted] Restrictions [/inserted]
2. An Acting F/Lt. is placed in arrest. Will he lose his acting rank if arrest is (a) close? (b) open? [inserted] YES Yes if ceases to do duty [/inserted]
3. Whom may an officer order into arrest? [inserted] Junior Ranks [indecipherable word] [/inserted]
4. What precautions should an officer, W.O. or N.C.O. take when placing an airman in close arrest? [inserted] avoid contact [/inserted]
5. If an officer is placed in arrest, what higher authority must be notified? [inserted] AOC AM [/inserted]
6. What happens to an officer placed in:-
(a) open arrest, (b) close arrest?
7. How would you ensure that an escort knows his duties? [inserted] written orders [/inserted]
8. What is the difference between close and open arrest for W.Os? [inserted] as for officer [/inserted]
9. When should an aircraftman be placed in close arrest? [inserted] Drunkenness Insubordination Violence Safety/Discipline [/inserted]
10. What happens to an aircraftman placed in:-
(a) open arrest (b) close arrest?
11. Can an A.C. have a drink in the N.A.A.F.I. when in:-
(a) open arrest (b) close arrest?
12. (a) Can an officer in open arrest have a meal in the mess? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
(b) Can an officer in open arrest play a game of cricket? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
(c) Can a W.O. in open arrest have a drink in Sgts. Mess? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
(d) Can a Cpl. in open arrest be detailed as Duty N.C.O.? [inserted] YES [/inserted]
13. What is the difference between close arrest for N.C.Os. and aircraftmen? [inserted] Confined [three indecipherable words] for NCO [/inserted]
14. Must arrest be ordered if:- (a) an officer is charged: [inserted] YES [/inserted] (b) a N.C.O. is charged: [inserted] NO [/inserted] (c) an aircraftman is charged? [inserted] [deleted] YES [/deleted] NO [/inserted]
15. What special precautions should be taken in the case of an airman placed in close arrest for drunkenness? [inserted] Confined [five indecipherable words] [/inserted]
16. May an airman suspected of being drunk be put through any tests? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
17. When should the M.O. be called to examine an airman suspected of being drunk? [inserted] if question of illness [/inserted]
18. Will an airman lose pay for the days spent in close arrest if he is (a) acquitted [inserted] NO [/inserted] (b) convicted by C.M. [inserted] YES [/inserted] (c) awarded 14 days detention by his C.O. for absence without leave, [inserted] YES [/inserted] (d) awarded 14 days detention by his C.O. for improper possession? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
19. If an officer, W.O. or N.C.O. orders an aircraftman into close arrest, what action must be taken to charge him? [inserted] [three indecipherable words] 252. 160 [indecipherable word]
20. Is it legal to place a R.A.F. officer who is an English peer in R.A.F. arrest? [inserted] YES [/inserted]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - arrest and custody
Description
An account of the resource
Covers introduction to air force law, arrest general, arrest - who can order, arrest of officer, open arrest - no escort, arrest of W.O. or N.C.O., arrest of aircraftsman, arrest of W.A.A.F. personnel, airman's possible loss of pay when in close arrest, delivery of charge against airman in close arrest, framing of charges, examples and redress of wrongs. Followed by appendix showing specimen orders for escorts of officers in close arrest and questions.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Five page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10037
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Bloomfield
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
ground personnel
military discipline
military service conditions
RAF Cranwell
training
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27139/SHughesCL1334982v10036.2.pdf
964c80b2c2a819b5c7b43862ff6ff12f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp of No. 1 Officers Advance Training School JUL 1945]
24A5/
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: W.A.A.F. ADMINISTRATION [/underlined]
References: A.P. 837, Sect. 54
A.P. 3088 (K.R. for W.A.A.F.)
A.M.O’s as quoted.
[underlined] Policy [/underlined]
1. To economise man-power by substituting women for R.A.F. personnel in as many appointments and trades as possible. Over 70 trades, including some in Group I (latest additions in A.222/44) and about 17 officer branches or sub-branches now established. Possibilities of extending substitution continually under review by Air Ministry standing committee.
[underlined] Organisation [/underlined]
2. W.A.A.F. absorbed into armed forces of Crown by Defence (Women’s Forces) Regulations 1941 (A.466/41 amended by A.850/41), A.42/42, A.330/43). Modified form of A.F.A. applied, and Air Council empowered to issue regulations, now published in A.P. 3088, (K.R. & A.C.I. for W.A.A.F.).
3. Under orders of Air Council and R.A.F. commanders at different levels down to unit commanders, with its own women officers responsible for general efficiency, well-being and esprit-de-corps. This responsibility carried out by W.A.A.F. (G) officers and Administrative N.C.O’s.
[underlined] Chain of Control [/underlined]
4. (a) [underlined] Director W.A.A.F. [/underlined] (D.W.A.A.F.) responsible, in Department of A.M.P., for well-being of force.
(b) [underlined] Inspector of W.A.A.F. [/underlined] On staff of Inspector-General to look after W.A.A.F. aspects of his work.
(c) [underlined] W.A.A.F. (G) Staff Officers at Air Ministry [/underlined] established as necessary in service departments of A.M. to control or advise on W.A.A.F. aspects of work of directorates to which appointed.
(d) [underlined] W.A.A.F. Standing Conference and W.A.A.F. Advisory Council [/underlined] purposes outlined in A.1392/42.
(e) [underlined] W.A.A.F. (G) Staff Officers at Commands and Groups [/underlined] under supervision of senior administrative officer to act as specialist advisers on W.A.A.F. matters to A.O’s.C in C. and A.O’s.C. and their staffs.
(f) [underlined] W.A.A.F. (G) Officers i/c W.A.A.F. Sections on Stations [/underlined] responsible to C.O. for general efficiency, discipline, progressive training and well-being of W.A.A.F. personnel. To be regarded as specialist officers in these matters and given status and facilities accordingly, including transport where necessary to visit detachments. Assisted in their work by:-
(i) W.A.A.F. Substitution Officers: W.A.A.F. Section to be divided into “Administrative Flights”, each to be run by a W.A.A.F. substitution officer responsible to W.A.A.F. (G) officer.
(ii) [underlined] W.A.A.F. Administrative N.C.O’s. [/underlined] responsible to W.A.A.F. (G) officers.
(A.83/42 as amended by A.1392/42)
[page break]
- 2 -
[underlined] Administration [/underlined]
5. W.A.A.F. personnel administration broadly similar to R.A.F. Training for and duties of officer posts and airwomen trades identical except for physical limitations. Airwomen under command of appropriate R.A.F. or W.A.A.F. substitution officer for work; for discipline and general efficiency under charge of W.A.A.F. (G) Branch. (A.209/43).
[underlined] Channels of Communication [/underlined]
6. Normally as for R.A.F. If W.A.A.F. (G) officer considers orders issued by C.O. adversely affect W.A.A.F., and representations to C.O. unsuccessful, may approach Group W.A.A.F. (G) Staff Officer direct, (sending copies of correspondence to C.O.). Similar direct approach when disagreement arises may be made upwards through Commands to D.W.A.A.F.
[underlined] Discipline [/underlined]
7. A.F.A. applied generally to the W.A.A.F. with modifications. Nine of the sections 4 to 41 of A.F.A. applied in modified form to W.A.A.F. under Defence (Women’s Forces) Regulations in 1941 when W.A.A.F. was declared a part of the Armed Forces of the Crown. Serious civil offences dealt with by Civil Courts. All W.A.A.F. personnel can be tried by Court-Martial for offences under section of Air Force Act applied to them.
Punishments which can be awarded to W.A.A.F. personnel are as follows:-
(a) [underlined] By Court Martial [/underlined]
(i) [underlined] Officers [/underlined]
(a) Cashiering
(b) Dismissal from the Service
(c) Forfeiture of seniority
(d) Penal deduction from pay
(e) Severe reprimand or reprimand
N.B. (c) (d) and (e) may be awarded conjointly.
(ii) [underlined] W.O.s and N.C.O.s. [/underlined]
(a) Reduction in rank
(b) Forfeiture of seniority
(c) Penal deduction from pay
(d) Severe reprimand or reprimand
(e) Penal forfeiture of pay up to a maximum of 28 days.
N.B. (b) (c), (d) and (e) may be awarded conjointly.
(iii) [underlined] Aircraftwomen [/underlined]
(a) 28 days’ C.C.
(b) 28 days’ penal forfeiture of pay
(c) Penal deduction from pay
N.B. (a), (b) and (c) may be awarded conjointly.
[page break]
- 3 -
(b) [underlined] By A.O.C. [/underlined]
(i) [underlined] Officers of the rank of Flight Officer and below and Warrant Officers [/underlined]
(a) Forfeiture of Seniority
(b) Severe reprimand or reprimand
(c) Penal deductions to make good loss or damage
N.B. (a), (b) and (c) may be awarded conjointly. (a) and (c) carry the right to elect trial by Court Martial.
(A.O.C. may administer a reproof to officers and warrant officers under K.R. 1154 W).
(c) [underlined] By C.O. and Subordinate Commander [/underlined]
(i) [underlined] Officers and Warrant Officers [/underlined]
None. (C.O. may administer “reproof” under K.R. 1154 W).
(ii) [underlined] N.C.Os. and Aircraftwomen [/underlined]
See Appendix ‘B’ to Precis of Lecture “Powers of Punishment”.
[underlined] Disciplinary Powers and Status of W.A.A.F. Officers and N.C.O’s. [/underlined]
8. W.A.A.F. officers and N.C.Os. have powers of arrest over their juniors in the W.A.A.F. but no powers over R.A.F. personnel. Any W.A.A.F. officer may be delegated powers of punishment as Subordinate Commander over W.A.A.F. personnel but not over R.A.F. personnel.
9. R.A.F. personnel may be placed under the orders of the W.A.A.F. personnel of higher equivalent rank. When this is done, advisable to have clear instructions on the point so that there is no misunderstanding.
[underlined] Saluting [/underlined]
10. All W.A.A.F. officers to salute their seniors who are Squadron Officers and above when in uniform. On parade or duty all W.A.A.F. officers salute their seniors of any rank before addressing them. Airwomen salute all W.A.A.F. officers. It is a matter of courtesy if W.A.A.F. personnel salute R.A.F. officers.
[underlined] Promotion – Officers [/underlined]
11. Scheme very similar to R.A.F. Time promotion to S.O. after 6 months. Eligible for temporary and acting ranks, but do not get war substantive rank by holding temporary rank. Only advancement in war substantive rank is by time promotion and holding acting rank for 12 months.
[underlined] Promotion, Remustering and Reclassification – Airwomen [/underlined]
12. Same principles as airmen.
[underlined] Pay [/underlined]
13. Rates for officers in K.R. 3419 W and for airwomen in K.R. 3447 W. Principle is that W.A.A.F. pay is 2/3rds R.A.F. pay. Also eligible for G.C. Badges carrying pay of 2d per badge per diem and other non-substantive pay under same conditions as airmen.
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis [/underlined]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school -W.A.A.F administration
Description
An account of the resource
Covers policy, organisation, chain of control, administration, discipline, disciplinary powers and status of W.A.A.F. officers and N.C.O.s, saluting, promotion/officers, promotion/remustering and reclassification - airwomen and pay.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-07
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Four page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10036
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-07
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
ground personnel
military discipline
military service conditions
promotion
RAF Cranwell
training
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27124/SHughesCL1334982v10027.1.pdf
315b51208ce557a577a5e3f489652cb1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp of No. 1 Officers Advanced Training School JUN 1945]
33A5/
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: FLYING ACCIDENTS [/underlined]
Appendix “A”: Action by a Unit Commander to reduce the probability of accidents.
Appendix “B”: Copy of A.M. Letter on the subjects of the Aircrew Refresher School.
References: C.D. 430
A.P. 1921
[underlined] Accident Rates, Past and Present [/underlined]
1. Owing to training methods, types of aircraft used and time available during peace years, the accident rate reached its lowest point in 1935. Due to expansion, re-equipment and the outbreak of war this rate had doubled by the end of 1939. The accident rate continued to rise during the following two years until in the winter of 1940-41 the rate was four times that of 1935. Extensions of training, improvements in night flying facilities and progress in other directions, undertaken in 1941, have resulted in a considerable reduction. Although gratifying, it is not yet satisfactory. The enormous amount of flying which is carried out today results, even at the reduced accident rate, in the destruction of a very great number of aircraft.
[underlined] Causes and Percentage Rates [/underlined]
1. (a) While taxying – 15 percent of M.A.F. yearly rates
During take-off – 11 percent “ “ “ “
During flight – 28 percent “ “ “ “
During landing – 40% “ “ “ “
While stationary – 6 percent “ “ “ “
(b) Common factors to all types of accident are engine handling, breaches of discipline and carelessness. These are faults within our control and should be the subject of attention of Unit and Flight Commanders.
[underlined] Prevention – Approach to the Problem [/underlined]
3. The problem is not an easy one to solve because there is no one cause of accidents apart from carelessness, which appreciably affects the whole field. It is necessary to devote equal attention to all possible causes as no one factor in itself provides the answer. Every effort must be made to eliminate the stupid accident, such as those which occur when taxying, but it must be appreciated that the flight accident – although only 28 percent of the total – causes 75 percent of the fatalities.
4. When embarking on an accident prevention campaign the Unit or Flight Commander should first “put his own house in order” by attending to the following:
(a) Supervision and guidance of Flying Control.
(b) Familiarisation of newly arrived pilots with aerodrome layout, lighting, local geography, etc.
(c) Regular and intelligent use of Link Trainer.
(d) Sound briefing before all flights.
(e) Crew order books complete and up to date.
[page break]
- 2 -
[underlined] Interviewing New Crews [/underlined]
5. This should be done before flying on the unit begins. Interview provides an opportunity for ascertaining pilots’ and crews’ familiarity with flying regulations generally; allows commander to make his feelings on the subject of accidents known.
[underlined] Improvements of Flying Discipline [/underlined]
6. Flying activities near the aerodrome should be watched closely by the Commander or his deputy. Slight breaches of discipline should be dealt with immediately and firmly. Attention of all aircrew to be drawn to each offence, however trivial. Talks and discussions at regular intervals on Flying Regulations. (K.R., App. XXVI).
[underlined] Engine Handling [/underlined]
7. Regular discussions on this point should be held at which pilots and other aircrew should be allowed to put forward suggestions. Besides being constructive, this often uncovers dangerous tendencies. Interest in range flying should be stimulated by encouraging competition in this respect and will result in better engine handling generally. Observations by members of the maintenance staff often provide indications of recurring faults amongst pilots and crews. Full use should be made of existing Engine Handling Courses. On completion of these courses the Commanders should ensure that pilots have not misinterpreted points arising out of the course.
[underlined] Carelessness [/underlined]
8. Accidents due to carelessness can be reduced by insisting upon the following:-
(a) Adequate preparation for flight.
(b) Good starting-up and taxying drills.
(c) Good cockpit drill.
(d) Strict adherence to Flying Regulations.
(e) Good R/T drill.
(f) A high standard of crew discipline.
In addition, the Commander in co-operation with the Engineer Officer should watch carefully any tendency towards carelessness by members of the maintenance staff.
[underlined] General Training [/underlined]
9. Aircrew should not be allowed long periods of inactivity. A programme of training should be held in readiness for periods when there is little flying. Such programmes should be drawn up with the object of increasing the individual’s efficiency and improving his knowledge of his aircraft.
[underlined] Reporting of Flying Accidents [/underlined]
10. All flying accidents (not attributable to enemy action) must be reported on the Form 765(c) if they result in:-
(a) Damage to aircraft beyond normal capacity of unit to repair within 48 hours.
(b) Damage to any aircraft that necessitates the replacement of any of the undermentioned (A.M.O. A.1348/43):-
Engine Propellor Nose Wheel
Undercarriage leg Tail Wheel Aileron
Tailplane Rudder
Elevator Wing
[page break]
- 3 -
(c) Death or injury (i.e. individual in sick quarters for more than 48 hours) of any person.
11. In cases of accident which result in death, or when circumstances are doubtful, or on occasions when so ordered, a Court of Inquiry or Investigation will be held. In such cases the proceedings are recorded on the Form 412.
12. It is important to remember that the Form 765(c) and Form 412 are the only sources of information, concerning flying accidents which are available to the Air Ministry. Therefore it is of the utmost importance to complete these forms accurately and fully in order that as much statistical data as possible may be supplied to provide the means of preventing future accidents.
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis [/underlined]
[page break]
APPENDIX “A”
TO PRECIS NO. 33 –
“FLYING ACCIDENTS”
[underlined] ACTION BY A UNIT COMMANDER TO REDUCE THE PROBABILITY OF ACCIDENTS [/underlined]
[underlined] Individual Record Sheets [/underlined]
1. Keep the fullest possible written records of the abilities and deficiencies of all pilots and aircrew. Discover previous accident histories and whether faults have been properly corrected. Make instructors and flight commanders take an interest in this record, contribute to it and work from it.
[underlined] Special Attention to Individual Deficiencies [/underlined]
2. See that plenty of check dual is given where deficiencies may exist, as in approaches and landings, instrument flying, navigation, engine handling.
[underlined] Link Trainer [/underlined]
3. See that pilots make good use of the Link Trainer, both as a routine and to check any deficiency in instrument flying. Note particularly that pilots should do regular practice on the Link, not merely put in the prescribed number of hours during a spell of bad weather and then leave it for several weeks. For the Link Trainer the mott is “Little and Often”.
[underlined] Pilots’ Notes [/underlined]
4. See that all pilots read, absorb and remember their Pilots’ Notes, also all other official literature, pamphlets, notices, etc.
[underlined] Engine Handling [/underlined]
5. Check up that all pilots know the finer points of engine handling and apply their knowledge in flight. Petrol consumption is one important aspect of engine handling and can reveal lack of skill or of care in engine handling if carefully checked.
[underlined] Maintenance [/underlined]
6. Check up that maintenance staff carry out minor repairs and modifications not amounting to unserviceability and that aircraft are kept clean. Pilots and all other aircrew must be made to take a real interest in their aircraft and to realize the vital need for intimate co-operation with maintenance personnel.
[underlined] Reminder Notes [/underlined]
7. Keep a book of special reminder notes, which pilots and aircrew should read before doing any exercise or flight that contains risk of special forms of accident, e.g., to remind pilots not to let their engine get too cold when practising single-engine flying, to check up the hills when doing a cross-country and to look at the location of airfields near the route to act as emergency landing fields.
[underlined] Accident Prevention Meetings [/underlined]
8. Hold periodic meetings as small and as informal as possible at which everybody is encouraged to make suggestions on how possibilities of accidents could be prevented. A surprising number of the deviations from correct routine procedure, which result in flying accidents, are made in good faith by people who imagine they
[page break]
- 2 -
have found a better way of doing something than is given in the instruction. Some of these ideas may be sound and should be forwarded to Group Headquarters for consideration: most are bad and should be stopped but not with a heavy hand if they arise out of informal discussions.
[underlined] Special Information [/underlined]
9. The accident prevention meetings could be used to check up that all pilots and aircrew know the special information that they should know – recognition procedure, flying control and safety procedure, (Darkie, Searchlight homing, etc.) the position of danger areas, special peculiarities of the aircraft and engines flown. Navigation, Engineer, Meteorological and Control Officers should come to those meetings periodically and ask questions.
[underlined] Airfield Condition [/underlined]
10. Frequent inspection of the condition of airfield and runway surfaces is most important for the prevention of airfield accidents. Particular attention should be paid to soft or rutted ground near runways and hard standings, drains not properly filled in, flints and sharp pieces of metal lying in runways, sharp edges of runways, unnecessary obstructions near the perimeter track, over-narrow gaps in hedges through which aircraft have to taxi.
[underlined] Amendments to this Appendix [/underlined]
[page break]
APPENDIX “B”
TO PRECIS NO. 33 –
“FLYING ACCIDENTS”
[underlined] CONFIDENTIAL [/underlined]
A.110414/40/S.10.(c)
[underlined] THE AIRCREW REFRESHER SCHOOL [/underlined]
Sir,
I am commanded by the Air Council to inform you that the Aircrew Refresher School will form on 5.8.42. Its purpose is to provide a special disciplinary and refresher course for aircrew personnel both officers and N.C.O’s whose carelessness or disobedience of orders has contributed to, or whose tendencies in these directions are likely to contribute to, avoidable flying accidents. The formation of this School has been decided upon as a measure towards combating the high incidence of such failures, and the object of the course is to inculcate in those attending it a sense of responsibility and appreciation of the damage to the war effort caused by negligent and careless action.
The course will not be regarded as a punishment; its object is to imbue those who undergo it with a proper appreciation of the importance of their contribution to the war effort, and remind them of their responsibility to avoid detracting from this by carelessness or lack of discipline. It should not be used as a means of disposing, without disciplinary action, of a case of serious breach of orders which would normally be dealt with by court martial or under Section 47 Air Force Act.
[underlined] Instructions for Entry [/underlined]
2. There are no set intake dates and officers and N.C.O’s may be sent to the School at any time. It is desired to avoid delay or formality in attaching entrants, and with this object in view, authority is vested in station commanders to send to the School those under their command who will benefit by this course of instruction. No formality in detailing an officer or N.C.O., is necessary beyond a prior notification by signal to the School. The signal should give the number, rank and name of the entrant with the date and time of arrival at the School. A confidential report stating briefly the reasons for an entrant’s inclusion on the course should be sent by the station commander to the Commanding Officer of the School, within 24 hours of the despatch of the signal.
[underlined] Duration of the Course [/underlined]
3. Officers and N.C.O’s will remain at the School for approximately 3 weeks, but the course will be curtailed in the case of these who show clearly that they have learned its lessons. Output from the School will be twice weekly on Tuesday and Friday.
[underlined] Allotment of Vacancies to Commands [/underlined]
4. It is not proposed to allot vacancies to Commands in the first instance. The School will accommodate 100 Officers and 100 N.C.O’s in separate squadrons. It is proposed to accept entrants from all Commands up to the capacity of the School. In the event of the total capacity being filled Commands will be notified by signal that the School is full, and further intakes will be controlled by the Officer Commanding the School, to whom application for vacancies should then be made by telephone. This procedure will be reviewed in the light of experience gained of the requirements of each Command and further instructions will be issued if found necessary.
[page break]
- 2 -
[underlined] Attachment to the School [/underlined]
5. All entrants are to be attached and not posted to the School for the duration of the Course.
[underlined] Medical Fitness [/underlined]
6. No Officer or N.C.O., whose medical fitness will debar him from taking part in P.T., drill and swimming, is to be sent on the course. Medical fitness is to be confirmed in the report sent in accordance with para. 3 to the Officer Commanding the School.
[underlined] Syllabus of Training [/underlined]
7. Drill, physical training, unarmed combat and swimming form an important part of the syllabus. Lectures will be given on flying regulations particularly those concerning safe flying. Instructions will be given on the duties and responsibilities of Officers and N.C.O’s and lectures will be included on character, leadership training, and the importance of good discipline. A synopsis of the syllabus showing the allocation of hours to each subject is given at Appendix “A” to these instructions.
[underlined] Reports [/underlined]
8. A report on the progress made by each entrant will be sent to his Commanding Officer by the Commanding Officer of the School on the termination of the Course.
[underlined] Instructions for Entrants [/underlined]
9. Detailed instructions for Officers and N.C.O’s attending the Course are given at Appendix “B”.
[underlined] Dominion and Allied Personnel [/underlined]
10. Members of the R.C.A.F., R.A.A.F., R.N.Z.A.F. and Allied personnel serving in the R.A.F. Squadrons or Dominion Squadrons may be sent to the Aircrew Refresher Course.
I am, Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
(signed) R.C. Richards
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - flying accidents
Description
An account of the resource
Covers accidents rates past/present, causes and percentage rates, prevention - approach to problem, interviewing new crews, improvements of flying discipline, engine handling, carelessness, general training, reporting of flying accidents followed by appendixes on action by a unit commander to reduce the probability of accidents and the aircrew refresher. school
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Seven page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10027
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
military discipline
military service conditions
RAF Cranwell
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27120/SHughesCL1334982v10023.2.pdf
e31d38484c638492148f4bccedccf54b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp for No. 1 Officers Advanced Training School Jun 1945]
29(1)E5
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: COURTS OF INQUIRY AND INVESTIGATIONS
PART I – GENERAL [/underlined]
Appendix: Specimen S.R.O. ordering Assembly of Court of Inquiry.
References: K.R. 1310-1322.
A.P. 837, paras. 1347-1359.
[underlined] Objects [/underlined]
1. To investigate any matter on which information required. Ordered by Air Council or an officer commanding any body of the R.A.F. referred to as assembling authority.
[underlined] Types [/underlined]
2. (a) [underlined] Court of Inquiry [/underlined]: composed of President and one or more members.
(b) [underlined] Formal Investigation: [/underlined] by a single officer – in some cases may be ordered in place of C. of I.
(c) [underlined] Summary Investigation [/underlined]: by a single officer – conducted informally by an officer detailed by C.O. to report on certain minor matters.
[underlined] Courts of Inquiry
Composition [/underlined]
3. (a) [underlined] President [/underlined]
(i) Experienced officer not normally below rank of F.L.
(ii) Should not be junior to officer whose conduct of character under inquiry.
(iii) If flying accident being investigated, must be F.L. or above and of G.D. or ex-G.D. branch.
(b) [underlined] Members [/underlined]
(i) Court must have no personal interest in matter under inquiry.
(ii) Where inquiry requires specialist knowledge, e.g. accounts, appropriate specialist should be member or, in case of civilian specialist, e.g. clerk of works, attend to give advice.
(iii) Warrant Officer may be member EXCEPT of court dealing with conduct or character of commissioned officer or circumstances of returned P.O.W.
[underlined] Order for Assembly and Terms of Reference [/underlined]
4. Date, time and place of assembly and terms of reference notified usually in S.R.O.s. Terms of reference to state in detail character of inquiry and nature of findings required.
5. Evidence taken on oath if assembling authority directs; MUST be taken on oath in C. of I. into illegal absence of airman or circumstances of recovered P.O.W.
[underlined] Attendance of Witnesses [/underlined]
6. Service witnesses warned in S.R.O. ordering inquiry. Civilian witnesses cannot be compelled to attend. Should be invited to attend; if they refuse, write requesting statement. During inquiry additional witnesses may be called.
[underlined] Evidence [/underlined]
7. C. of I. not bound by rules of evidence as applied in civil courts. Sole test is relevance; but court should always try to get best evidence.
[page break]
- 2 -
8. Court sits in private; evidence given is confidential.
9. Proceedings cannot be used as evidence at C.M.
[underlined] Procedure [/underlined]
10. Witnesses called in one at a time and allowed to sit. (President may permit proceedings to be less formal if it should help witnesses). Proceedings recorded on F. 2 (F.412 for flying accidents.)
[underlined] Recording of Evidence [/underlined]
11. Evidence to be recorded in 1st person narrative form, prefaced by witness’s particulars as under:-
1st Witness No. 1234567, L.A.C. James Smith, Equipment Assistant, S.H.Q., R.A.F. Cranwell (being duly sworn) states:-
I am employed in the clothing store at Cranwell and …………………………………………………………………
Court may question witness and will record relevant details in narrative form, unless special significance attached to exact words of question and answers.
12. Each witness to sign at end of evidence (and foot of each page).
13. Each witness to be numbered; both sides of every sheet to be used. Minimum space to be left between evidence of witnesses.
[underlined] Action when Character of Person Involved [/underlined]
14. Procedure laid down in K.R. 1318. Vitally important that
(a) Person encouraged to be present throughout and given opportunity to:-
(i) Cross examine any witness.
(ii) Make any statement or give evidence
(iii) Call any witnesses.
Fact of his presence or otherwise to be recorded in proceedings.
(b) If court, after hearing all evidence, consider that blame attached to him, he is to be so informed and attention drawn to evidence on which opinion based. Given opportunity of making further statement.
(c) If finding adverse to him, assembling authority to send him copy of proceedings and obtain from him statement giving any reason why he should not be found to blame.
[underlined] Findings [/underlined]
15. Findings recorded on F.2 (or F.412) based on evidence and covering strictly terms of reference, signed by President and members. Pages marked numerically; exhibits alphabetically and attached where possible to proceedings. Proceedings to be sent under confidential cover to C.O.
[underlined] Officers under Instruction [/underlined]
16. To ensure that junior officers gain experience in conducting C. of I., commanders should detail them as officers under instruction (K.R. 64)
[underlined] Formal Investigations [/underlined]
17. General rules and procedure as for C. of I. Points to note:-
[page break]
- 3 -
(a) Evidence may NOT be given on oath (A.M.C.O. A.27/42)
(b) W.O. may be detailed to investigate personal injuries or accidental deaths of airmen below warrant rank provided not due to road or transport accidents.
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis [/underlined]
[page break]
APPENDIX TO PRECIS ON COURTS OF INQUIRY AND INVESTIGATIONS
[underlined] SPECIMEN S.R.O. ORDERING ASSEMBLY OF COURT OF INQUIRY [/underlined]
[underlined] COURT OF INQUIRY [/underlined]
The following detail of officers is to assemble in Room 6, Station Headquarters, at 10.00 hours on 16th March, 1945, for the purpose of:-
(a) investigating the circumstance of the loss from the Sergeants’ Mess of a 36 gallon cask of ale between 9th March, 1945 and 11th March, 1945
(b) assessing the value of the loss
(c) attaching responsibility, if any.
President: F.L. J.A. Robinson, M.B.E. (68798), R.A.F. Cranwell
Members: F.O. H.W. Mackenzie (112659) “ “
P.O. K.R. Jones (123654) “ “
Officer under Instruction: P.O. A.J. Baker (129343) “ “
The following witnesses are to attend:-
F.L. B.J. Wright (54345) – Officer i/c Sergeants Mess
W.O. R.S. Thomas (327890) – C.M.C.
554370 F.Sgt. Symes, O.D. – Bar Member
together with any others whom the Court may decide to summon.
( (x) Evidence will be given on Oath.)
The attention of the Court is drawn to K.R. and A.C.I. Ch. XVIII, Sect. I (particularly para. 1318) and A.P. 837, Sect. 51. Proceedings are to be forwarded to the Commanding Officer under confidential cover.
Note: (x) If directed by assembling authority.
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
COURTS OF INQUIRY AND INVESTIGATIONS: QUESTIONS [/underlined]
1. When may a Warrant Officer [underlined] NOT [/underlined] be a member of a Court of Inquiry? [inserted] P.O.W. or senior rank or equal [/inserted]
2. When is evidence taken on oath at a Court of Inquiry?
3. During the hearing of the evidence at a Court of Inquiry it becomes apparent that the character or conduct of an officer or airman is affected. As President, what would be your immediate action?
4. What forms are used for recording the findings of Courts of Inquiry into (a) flying accidents (b) all other Courts of Inquiry.
5. Where will witnesses sign their evidence at a Court of Inquiry?
6. Can a Court of Inquiry accept hearsay evidence?
7. Can a witness at a Court of Inquiry be ordered to answer a question where the answer might incriminate him?
8. How should (a) exhibits and (b) pages, be marked?
9. You are detailed in S.R.O’s to carry out a Formal Investigation on oath. Comment on this.
10. You cannot compel a civilian witness to attend at a Court of Inquiry. What action do you take to procure his evidence?
11. An officer or airman whose character or conduct is affected, is present at a Court of Inquiry. What courses are open to him to refute the evidence against him?
12. What is the test of admissibility of evidence at a Court of Inquiry?
13. F/Sgt. Green has sustained injuries in a road accident. Can a Warrant Officer sit on a Court of Inquiry into the matter?
14. S.L. Brown is P.S.I. A Court of Inquiry is being held into the accounts of the Service Institute. What should be the rank of the President of the Court of Inquiry?
15. A Court of Inquiry is being held into suspected irregularities in the accounts of the officers’ mess. What two considerations affect the composition of the Court?
16. A civilian witness on being invited to attend a Court of Inquiry asks if he will get any expenses. What would be your answer?
17. A Court of Inquiry is being assembled to inquire into a flying accident. What should be the branch and lowest rank of the President?
18. Has a Court of Inquiry power to (a) admit liability (b) compromise a claim by a third party?
19. Would you use a separate sheet of paper for the evidence of each witness?
20. You are a member of a Court of Inquiry. You disagree with the findings reached by the President and other members. What may you do?
[page break]
29(2)E5
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: COURTS OF INQUIRY (PART 2)
INQUIRIES PRESENTING SPECIAL FEATURES [/underlined]
References:- K.R. Chap. XVII, Sec. 1 (as modified by A.M.Os quoted), A.P. 837, Sec. 51.
[underlined] Flying Accidents (not directly caused by Enemy Action [/underlined])
[underlined] Importance of Careful Investigation [/underlined]
1. Investigations into flying accidents serve following purposes:-
(a) [underlined] Main Purpose [/underlined]: To discover cause with view to preventing similar occurrences.
(b) [underlined] Subsidiary purposes [/underlined]: To ascertain:-
(i) Details of injuries or time and cause of death.
(ii) Damage to airframe and engines.
(iii) If any negligence or lack of discipline.
Need to conduct investigations thoroughly and in ordered manner and to arrive at findings fully by evidence cannot be emphasised too strongly. When detailed to investigate flying accident, study A.M.O. A.1348/43.
[underlined] Reporting Action [/underlined]
2. (a) Signal Message “A” (A.P. 1922)
(b) Report on F.765 C (A.M.O. A.1348/43) amended by A.523/44, A.190/45 and A.267/45.
[underlined] Inquiry Action [/underlined]
3. Appropriate type of inquiry (Proceedings on F.412) will be ordered by A.O.C. Group to which aircraft belongs.
(a) When any person killed or injured and detained in sick quarters for more than 48 hours.
(b) If evidence of negligence
(c) When circumstances doubtful
(d) If considered advisable.
A.O.C. decides whether Court of Inquiry or Formal Investigation appropriate. May dispense with either if summary of evidence, but F.412 to be completed and copy of summary of evidence attached.
[underlined] Composition of Court [/underlined]
4. Limited number of permanent presidents or investigating officers established to handle inquire into more serious cases. Technical or specialist officers detailed to assist where appropriate. Inspector from A.I.B. may be present.
[underlined] Conduct of Inquiry [/underlined]
5. Court should study A.P. 837 Sec. 51, particularly paras. 1360 and 1365. Appropriate remedial action can be taken only if proceedings conducted properly.
/Contd…..
[page break]
- 2 -
[underlined] Common Errors in Proceedings [/underlined]
6. (a) Assuming higher authority possesses local knowledge, e.g. referring to aircraft as “A for Able” instead of “Anson V.6024”, or using expressions such as “low flying area”.
(b) Not visiting scene of accident and examining wreckage.
(c) Not inspecting relevant documents, e.g. Log Books of crew as well as pilots, R/T Log Books, D/F Log Books, etc.
(d) Not including proper plan of scene.
(e) Not calling in specialist when Court does not possess specialist knowledge, e.g. Flying Control, Signals etc.
(f) Not including all aircraft involved.
(g) Not attaching weather report or forecast, and confusing the two.
(h) Not ascertaining whether pilot conversant with “Pilot’s Notes”, and whether these amended to date.
(i) Including time of flight in para. 6 of F.412.
(j) Not drawing correct conclusions from evidence or not seeing that findings are supported by evidence. (If conflict of evidence which cannot be clarified, court should indicate which evidence accepted and why).
[underlined] Service M.T. Accidents
Reporting Action [/underlined]
7. All claims by or against 3rd parties dealt with by Claims Commission. Every accident, wherever it occurs and whether or not 3rd party involved, to be reported to A.D. Claims of area in which Station located. Also bicycle accidents, if 3rd party involved.
8. Accident Report Form (F.446) in triplicate and sent within 24 hours. Distribution:- A.D. Claims, Group, Unit file. F.446 to state whether C. of I. or Formal Investigation to be held, if so, whether copy of police report or statement of any civilian involved or civilian witness required. [underlined] Under no circumstances is Court or Investigating Officer to attempt to obtain those except through A.D. Claims. [/underlined]
[underlined] Inquiry Action [/underlined]
9. O. of I. [sic] or Formal Investigation need be held only in circumstances set out in A.M.O. A.475/42.
[underlined] Conduct of Inquiry [/underlined]
10. Following points to be investigated:-
(a) Accuracy of F.446.
(b) Whether evidence of unauthorised or improper use of vehicle, including deviation from authorised route.
(c) Whether service driver authorised to drive.
(d) Whether accident due to mechanical defect.
/Contd…
[page break]
10 Contd…
(e) Whether speed regulations complied with. (References: A.475/42 amended by A.175/43, A.914/43 and A.1066/44).
[underlined] Accidental or Self inflicted Deaths or Injuries (Service Personnel)
Reporting Action [/underlined]
11. F.551 raised and 2 copies sent to Air Ministry, P.4 (Cas) whatever the cause (except enemy action) if:-
(a) Death
(b) Absence from duty 48 hours or more
(c) When M.O. advises that there may be later disability.
[underlined] Inquiry Action [/underlined]
12. C of I. or F.I.; C.O. may substitute Summary Investigation where death or injury occurred on leave or pass and civil authority held inquiry.
[underlined] Conduct of Inquiry [/underlined]
13. Proceedings to show:
(a) Whether on or off duty
(b) Whether injured person to blame (N.B. Where only evidence that of injured person, Court should not express opinion, but C.O. must do so.)
(c) In case of road or rail accidents whether travelling between residence and place of duty.
(d) Indication of extent of injury though copy of F.551 not to be included.
14. When injury arose through fault of some other person, (e.g. knocked down by Civilian motor-car):-
(a) Evidence and finding to deal with negligence of 3rd party.
(b) Inquiry to show whether injured person intends to claim compensation, and if not, why not.
(References: K.R. 2312 and 2323, modified by A.M.O’s A.337/40, A.473/41 A.1177/42.)
[underlined] Fires (including Enemy Action)
Reporting Action [/underlined]
15. (a) Signal Group and A.M. (ARP (FS)) if damage £100 or over or anyone killed or injured; otherwise letter.
(b) If property requisitioned or leased, notify Superintending Engineer.
(c) If arson suspected, notify Regional A.P.M.
(d) If 3rd party claims received, forward to A.M. (W.6).
[page break]
- 4 -
[underlined] Inquiry Action [/underlined]
16. (a) C. of I. held if damage £100 or over. (£25 in case of requisitioned or leased premises).
(b) Otherwise Formal Investigation held unless:-
(i) C. of I. thought necessary by C.O. or A.O.C.
(ii) Damage small, when report by officer may be substituted.
[underlined] Composition of Court of Inquiry [/underlined]
17. Normal rules apply, but:-
(a) If buildings damaged, superintending engineer should be asked to send representative.
(b) If action of W.A.A.F. personnel concerned, W.A.A.F. officer should be member.
(c) Representative of A.M. (A.R.P. (F.S.)) or (by invitation) local fire force commander may attend.
[underlined] Conduct of Inquiry [/underlined]
18. For procedure and findings, study A.177/43 amended by A.336/43 and A.601/43.
Special points to note:-
(a) Inspect scene
(b) Investigate efficiency of Unit fire services and co-operation with N.F.S.
(c) Investigate extent of damage, cause of and responsibility for fire.
(d) Attach sketch of any structure involved, showing:-
(i) Nearest Hydrants
(ii) Lay-out of contents
(iii) Area and presumed point of origin of fire.
(e) Annex copy of Station Fire Orders.
[underlined] Losses of and Damage to Equipment
Reporting Action [/underlined]
19. (a) If outside C.O’s power of write-off, report to Group.
(b) If theft suspected, report to station police and D.A.P.M.
[underlined] Inquiry Action [/underlined]
20. If within C.O’s power of write-off, type of inquiry at C.O’s discretion; otherwise A.O.C. decides.
/Contd…
[page break]
- 5 -
[underlined] Conduct of Inquiry [/underlined]
21. Proceedings to show:-
(a) Date loss or damage discovered and value.
(b) To whom, by whom and when loss or damage reported.
(c) Action taken on report.
(d) Persons responsible for equipment, whether periodical checks made, etc. (Refer to A.P. 830)
(e) Whether any person to blame.
(f) When theft suspected, whether reported to Station police and D.A.P.M.
(References: A.1058/43 amended by A.174/44; K.R. App. VI, K.R. 1332).
[underlined] Absence without leave (Airmen and Airwomen) [/underlined]
22. C. of I. held when airman absent 21 clear consecutive days, excluding day absence began and day Court assembles. (When airman due to report at 23.59 hours, absence begins at 00.01 hours on following day), e.g.:-
(a) Airman due back at 2300 hours 1.3.44: Court assembles not before 23.3.44.
(b) Airman due back at 2359 hours 1.3.44: Court assembles not before 24.3.44.
[underlined] Evidence MUST be on oath [/underlined]
23. Object of C. of I. to inquire into:-
(a) Absence of airman.
(b) Deficiencies (if any) of kit, tools, etc. and value.
24. Court must obtain evidence that:-
(a) Airman absented himself on certain date, is still absent and has been absent throughout period.
(b) (i) Inventory of kit taken when absence discovered.
(ii) Which items then deficient.
(iii) Whether any since recovered.
(iv) Value of items deficient.
25. If no Deficiency List (F.1383) found, Court entitled to assume airman has been kitted to scale. Deficient articles assessed at 75 percent of vocabulary rate, unless evidence value greater or less.
26. Court’s findings MUST be in form of declaration in Note 3 to R.P. 125.
/Contd…
[page break]
- 6 -
27. C.O. enters and signs exact record of declaration in F.161 (Record of Illegal Absentees). Adjutant notifies Records and R.A.F. Police Headquarters.
28. If absentee surrenders or apprehended, C.O. should deal summarily with any final deficiency of kit on return (subject to airman’s right to elect trial by C.M.), leaving charge of desertion or absence without leave to C.M.
References: A.F.A. Sec. 72; R.P. 125).
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis: [/underlined]
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
QUESTIONS: COURTS OF INQUIRY – PART 2 [/underlined]
1. A flying accident occurs:
(a) In what circumstances should a C. of I. or Formal Investigation be held?
(b) Who decides whether either necessary and what R.A.F. form guides him in reaching his decision?
2. Who should be President of C. of I. into flying accident?
3. What form is used for proceedings of C. of I. into flying accidents?
4. To what authorities and on what Form is a Service M.T. accident reported?
5. You are conducting a formal investigation into a M.T. accident. You require (a) a copy of the Police report, (b) evidence of a civilian witness. How should these be obtained?
6. You are conducting a formal investigation into injuries sustained by A.C. Jones. The only evidence available is that of Jones himself. What rule is there with regard to your findings?
7. A fire – damage estimated to exceed £100 – occurs in a requisitioned building at your station. Arson is suspected. To whom should the fire be reported or notified?
8. Certain articles of R.A.F. equipment are missing and are believed to have been stolen. To whom should the matter be reported?
9. Who decides whether a C. of I. or formal Investigation into the loss of R.A.F. equipment is necessary?
10. A.C. Jones fails to return from pass expiring at 23.59 hours on 17th April, 1944. What is the earliest date on which C. of I. may assemble?
11. If, in the last question, the order for the assembly of the C. of I. was delayed until 15th May, and A.C. Jones returned on 14th May, need it then be held?
12. Can there be a formal investigation into illegal absence?
13. What are the main points to be incorporated into the terms of reference of a C. of I. into illegal absence?
14. At a C. of I. into illegal absence, how is the value of deficient items of kit assessed?
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - courts of inquiry and investigations
Description
An account of the resource
Covers objects, types of enquiry or investigation, courts of inquiry composition, order for assembly and terms of reference, attendance of witnesses. evidence, procedure, recording of evidence, action when character of person involved, findings, officers under instruction and formal investigations. Appendix giving specimen S.R.O ordering assembly of court of inquiry and the page with questions. Followed by court of enquiry (part 2) - covers enquiries presenting special features detailing procedures for flying accidents, M.T. accidents, accidental or self inflicted death or injury (service personnel), fires, losses and damage to equipment, absence without leave and questions.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Twelve page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10023
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
military discipline
military service conditions
RAF Cranwell
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27114/SHughesCL1334982v10020.2.pdf
c8febeab2e3db07c864e95dcf3967cf8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp of No. 1 Officers Advanced Training School Jun 1945]
[underlined] 18E5
OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: P.3
AIRMEN AIRCREW [/underlined]
References: A.P. 837 Sections 41, 42, 43F, 46.
A.M.Os quoted.
[underlined] Introduction [/underlined]
1. The intake of candidates for aircrew training from civilian and service sources has been temporarily suspended with the exception of Wireless Operation Mechanic (Air).
[underlined] Selection of Serving Airmen [/underlined] A.882/44, A.70/45, A.146/45)
2. Airmen of the regular Air Force, the R.A.F. V.R., and the Auxiliary Air Force will be eligible for recommendation for aircrew duties for the duration of the war only. They should be over 18 and under 26 years of age, (except W.O.M./Air for whom there is no age limit), and fulfil the medical and educational requirements detailed in A.M.O. A.146/45.
Station Commanders are to arrange for recommended airmen to attend an aviation condidates [sic] selection board, and forward nominal rolls to Group Headquarters and Record Office. A.C.S.B. inform Record Office direct of suitable candidates, who are placed on a roster and withdrawn in turn by Record Office.
[underlined] PROMOTION OF AIRCREW [/underlined] (A.3/45)
[underlined] Normal [/underlined]
3. On 25th of each month C.O. submits to A.O.C. a nominal roll of all airmen aircrew who will complete 12 months in their rank during the following month. C.O. makes an indication against each airman as to whether promotion is recommended or not.
[underlined] Special Promotion [/underlined]
4. A.O.’s C. may, at their discretion, authorise the promotion of exceptionally qualified airmen after not less than nine month’s service in existing rank. In each group not more than 10 percent of airmen in each aircrew category may be so promoted.
[underlined] Pathfinder [/underlined]
5. A special establishment has been authorised for Path-Finder Squadrons. Airmen may be granted acting rank by Group to fill vacancies in the establishment after completing a stipulated number of sorties.
[underlined] Captain of Aircraft [/underlined]
6. On appointment as captain of a heavy aircraft, a sergeant may be granted the acting rank of flight sergeant. When the A.O.C. is satisfied that the airman is an efficient captain he may be appointed to acting warrant officer.
[page break]
- 2 -
[underlined] COMMISSIONING OF AIRCREW (A.384/43) [/underlined]
[underlined] General [/underlined]
7. Airmen aircrew are commissioned only in the G.D. branch. Commissions are granted either on completion of training or after gaining experience in the duties in which the airmen have been trained.
[underlined] Recommendation [/underlined]
8. (a) C.Os are required to review monthly all airmen aircrew and submit recommendations on appropriate form or “NIL” return to Group.
(b) Applications are submitted on F.1020A and/or F.2148 (See A.P. 837 para. 1092) together with:-
(i) Details of flying hours
(ii) Particulars of operational flying
(iii) Certificate stating that applicant is fit for full flying duties
(iv) Certificate of willingness
(v) Copy of F.121 or certificate if no entries.
[underlined] Selection [/underlined]
9. Candidates must be interviewed by A.O.C., or in some cases by the Base Commander. Group will forward recommendations to Air Ministry who select without interview. No selection board or medical board is required. Recommendations must not be re-submitted until a decision is reached on the original application.
[underlined] POSTING OF AIRCREW [/underlined] (A.P. 837 Section 46)
[underlined] Delegation [/underlined]
10. Air Ministry D.G. of P. has delegated some measure of posting authority as follows:-
[heading] [underlined] Type of Posting – Authority [/underlined] [/heading]
(a) In operational groups – A.O.C.
(b) Within operational commands at home and overseas – A.O.C. in C.
11. D.G. of P. remain the authority for the posting of airmen aircrew between commands and between home and overseas.
[underlined] Home [/underlined]
12. As far as applicable in the case of airmen aircrew, the procedure described in the diary of action A.P. 837 para. 1266, is to be followed.
[underlined] Overseas [/underlined]
13. (a) As far as applicable – diary of action AP. 837 para. 1286
(b) In the case of airmen aircrew posted overseas substitutes are not to be detailed without the authority of Group H.Q.
[page break]
- 3 -
[underlined] REDUNDANT AIRCREW [/underlined]
[underlined] Causes of Redundancy [/underlined]
14. Aircrew who have to be withdrawn from flying duties for any reason become redundant in their categories. They may be withdrawn from flying duties for any of the following causes:-
(a) Reduction for misconduct or inefficiency
(b) Unsuitability
(c) Permanently Medically Unfit
(d) Lack of moral fibre.
[underlined] Reduction (A.M.Os A.328/45 and A.329/45) [/underlined]
15. [underlined] Misconduct [/underlined]
N.C.Os., but not warrant officers, may be reduced by Court Martial, A.O.C. in C. or A.O.C. for misconduct. Reduction should normally be to the highest classification held in the basic trade of the airman prior to promotion to N.C.O. rank, or where no basic trade to A.C.2 ACH/GD.
16. [underlined] Inefficiency [/underlined]
A.Os.C in C. and A.Os.C. at home are not empowered to reduce airmen [underlined] aircrew [/underlined] for inefficiency. These airmen are dealt with under A.M.O. A.1182/44 – A.C.R.B., Eastchurch.
[underlined] Unsuitability [/underlined]
17. Officer aircrew above the rank of flying officer who are unlikely to qualify in the aircrew category for which they are training or who are considered unsuitable to continue serving in their present aircrew duties are dealt with in accordance with K.R. 332, (unsuitable); or K.R. 377 clause 3 (withdrawn from course); or K.R. 1097B (adverse report) as appropriate. (A.M.O. A.121/44).
18. Aircrew of the ranks of F.O., P.O. and airmen aircrew are posted to R.A.F. Station, Eastchurch, for interview by the Re-selection Board if taken off flying for any of the following reasons:-
(a) Personnel considered unsuitable to continue serving in their aircrew category
(b) Personnel unlikely to qualify in the category for which they are training
(c) Aircrew unsuitable for any type of aircraft used in the Command.
19. Unsuitable personnel are first reported to Group, but posting instructions are not to be issued by Group until the A.O.C. has sent to Eastchurch a full history of the case, and recommendations. Upon receipt of posting instructions, C.O. is to forward to Eastchurch all service and training documents held on the station, together with particulars in the appropriate appendix to A.883/43.
[underlined] Medically Unfit [/underlined]
20. [underlined] Officer aircrew [/underlined] who are permanently medically unfit for aircrew duties are retained at units pending disposal instructions from Air Ministry (A.1182/44).
21. [underlined] Airmen Aircrew [/underlined] who become permanently medically unfit for aircrew, but fit for ground duties are posted to Eastchurch as above. Rank, other than acting rank, is retained until a decision is reached by Eastchurch. Eastchurch is not concerned with personnel removed from flying duties for disciplinary reasons.
[page break]
- 4 -
22. Airmen aircrew personnel who become temporarily unfit, remain mustered in aircrew category and if practicable employed in their basic trade. (A.651/41 and A.P. 837, para. 1161).
[underlined] Lack of Moral Fibre [/underlined]
23. These cases are dealt with under the terms of Air Ministry Memorandum S.61141/S.7 (c) (i). In all the above mentioned cases of disposal the A.O.C. must be satisfied that the individual does not come within the provisions of the Memorandum
[underlined] Conditions of Service for Permanently Unfit Aircrew [/underlined]
24. These conditions are outlined in detail in A.191/44. Permanently unfit aircrew can be divided into three classes:-
(a) Experienced aircrew who can be suitably employed in specialised ground trades directly connected with flying.
(b) Inexperienced aircrew with basic trades
(c) Inexperienced aircrew without basic trades.
[underlined] Trade Rank [/underlined]
25. Upon remustering, personnel will retain the temporary rank they held, as aircrew. In most cases, it is unlikely that airmen will be up to the required standard which will enable them to assume the full responsibilities of their trade in their temporary rank. In such cases, until they reach the requisite standard, they will be employed in the rank appropriate to their trade capacity and experience. Such a status is referred to as their ‘trade rank’. For all other purposes they will enjoy the normal privileges and pay of their temporary rank.
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis: [/underlined]
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
QUESTIONS: AIRMEN AIRCREW [/underlined]
1. What details must be submitted when an airman aircrew is recommended for a commission?
2. Should a Station Commander interview applicants for aircrew?
3. What is the period of time which must elapse before airmen aircrew can be recommended for normal promotion?
4. What action would you take if a sergeant navigator is reduced on disciplinary grounds?
5. What are the age limits for serving airmen who wish to volunteer for aircrew?
6. How long must a member of aircrew serve in his category before he can be recommended for special promotion?
7. Do Air Ministry interview applicants for commissions in the G.D. branch?
8. A sergeant pilot becomes permanently unfit. Where would he be sent for disposal?
9. Who posts an aircrew N.C.O. from one command to another?
10. What generally happens to inexperienced aircrew with no basic trade, if they are permanently grounded?
11. What rank may be granted to a sergeant pilot on appointment as captain of a heavy aircraft?
12. Suggest three trades that might be open to inexperienced aircrew, if they are permanently grounded?
13. What is meant by “unsuitability”?
14. How often should the C.O. review airmen aircrew on his station with a view to making recommendations for commissions?
15. What postings of airmen aircrew can be authorised by:-
(a) A.O.C.
(b) A.O.C. in C.
16. What do you do if airmen aircrew become temporarily medically unfit?
17. In what columns of Section 4 of an airman aircrew’s F.1580 would you make trade assessments?
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - airmen aircrew
Description
An account of the resource
Covers introduction and selection of serving airmen. Followed by section on promotion of aircrew including cases for normal, special, pathfinding and captain of aircraft. Then section on commissioning of aircrew with sections on general principles, recommendation and selection. Posting of airmen covers delegation, types of posting home or overseas. Redundant aircrew covers causes of redundancy, unsuitability, medically unfit, lack of moral fibre, condition of service for permanently unfit aircrew, trade rank and questions..
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945=-6
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Five page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10020
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
aircrew
lack of moral fibre
military discipline
military service conditions
promotion
RAF Cranwell
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27109/SHughesCL1334982v10015.1.pdf
f79bde39bdd3b88e414afa036c2301a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp of No. 1 Officers Advanced Training School Jun 1945]
28E5
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: SUMMARIES OF EVIDENCE [/underlined]
Appendix A: Specimen Summary of Evidence
References: M.A.F.L. R.P.4, 5 and 8
A.P. 837, Sect. 27
[underlined] Definition [/underlined]
1. C.O. having investigated charge can order summary of evidence to be taken, i.e., a written record of evidence against the accused and, if the accused so desires, of evidence in his favour. Should be carefully and accurately taken to ensure prompt and proper administration of justice.
[underlined] Purposes [/underlined]
2. (a) To assist C.O. and A.O.C. in deciding whether case should go to trial by C.M. and, if so, upon what charges.
(b) To enable accused to know case against him and prepare his defence.
(c) To supply Prosecutor’s brief
(d) To inform President of C.M. of nature of case.
(e) To assist court in deciding whether to accept plea of guilty if offered and, if accepted, in determining proper sentence.
[underlined] When and by whom to be taken [/underlined]
3. If possible on same day as ordered. Any officer not likely to be required as a witness. (Officers inexperienced in taking S. of E. may be put under instruction).
[underlined] Action before Taking [/underlined]
4. Officer detailed should:-
(a) Ascertain whether C.O. directs evidence to be taken on oath.
(b) Obtain outline of case from C.O.
(c) Consider what offence(s) appear to have been committed and study relevant sections of A.F.A.
(d) Consider what facts must be proved to establish that offence(s) committed by accused and evidence required to prove such facts.
(e) Interview any persons who may be able to give relevant evidence. Accused need not be present.
(f) Arrange for attendance of witnesses – see para. 17 below.
(g) Study references quoted in A.P. 837, para. 782 (ix).
(h) In cheque cases and where evidence required of entries in bankers’ books see A.M.C.O. A.56/42.
(j) See that accommodation arranged and Bible, M.A.F.L. and A.P. 837 provided. A.P. 837, Sect. 27 should be referred to throughout.
[underlined] Procedure – Explanation to Accused [/underlined]
5. When ready to start accused and escort to be marched in, then explain to accused:
(a) That Summary of Evidence about to be taken.
[page break]
- 2 -
(b) That at the moment the charge against him is ……….. (read).
(c) That, after S. of E. has been considered, charge may be dismissed, altered or new ones added.
(d) That evidence will be taken on oath (if C.O. has so ordered); or that accused may demand so.
(e) That witnesses will give evidence in turn, and accused has right to cross-examine them.
(f) That accused not bound to make statement or give evidence (i.e. on oath); but that, after prosecution witnesses have given evidence, he will be cautioned and may then make statement or give evidence.
(g) That he may call witnesses in his defence.
(h) If asked, that accused cannot claim to be represented at S. of E.
Accused then to be asked if he fully understands; if not, make clear.
[underlined] Procedure – Taking the Summary [/underlined]
6. Proceedings conducted formally, but accused, escort and each witness permitted to sit. Accused must be present throughout. Only one witness to be in room at a time.
7. Use foolscap paper, leaving 1-inch margin on left. Prepare heading as in Appendix to this precis, recording fact of oath.
8. Call in first witness and administer oath if necessary (for form of oath see M.A.F.L., p. 543); record his number, rank, names (surname in CAPITALS), unit and station. Record his evidence in narrative form, beginning with description of his duties.
9. Ask accused if he wishes to cross-examine witness, recording his choice. If accused cross-examines, record as questions and answers.
10. Read over evidence to witness (including questions and answers), if he disagrees with record, add as in 2nd witness’s evidence in Appendix. Witness to sign at end (after cross-examination and alteration, if any).
11. Proceed with each witness for prosecution in turn, using separate sheet for each, until evidence completed.
12. Warn accused in exact terms of caution set out in R.P. 4 (E). Unless caution given, any statement or evidence given by accused is inadmissible against him. Accused may either:-
(a) Decline to make a statement or give evidence, or
(b) Make statement, or
(c) If all evidence being given on Oath, give evidence on Oath.
Warning and accused’s choice to be recorded. Officer taking S. of E. should [underlined] not [/underlined] give advice to accused. A.P. 837 para. 798.
13. Accused [underlined] not [/underlined] to be questioned on his statement. Statement to be read over to him; he may, but is not bound, to sign it.
14. Accused may call witnesses; they are not to be cross-examined, but accused may ask questions to bring out their evidence, recorded in narrative form and signed.
15. When all evidence taken, certificate to be added – see Appendix.
[page break]
- 3 -
[underlined] Evidence [/underlined]
16. Rules of evidence as applied in Courts Martial operate. Main rules are:-
(a) Evidence must be relevant and admissible – see next para.
(b) Relevant documents should be “produced” by appropriate witness who can testify to entries in question.
17. Certain evidence is inadmissible, namely:-
(a) Hearsay.
(b) Opinion – except expert, e.g. medical, handwriting etc. See M.A.F.L. Chap. VI paras. 15 et seq.
[underlined] Procedure – Making up the papers [/underlined]
18. Read evidence through and arrange in logical sequence, number consecutively as follows:-
(a) Witnesses for prosecution
(b) Witnesses for defence
(c) Questions and answers throughout
(d) Pages of S. of E.
Exhibits (documents, or articles produced by witnesses), labelled with consecutive letters, should be annexed where practicable.
[underlined] Summoning of Witnesses [/underlined]
19. (a) [underlined] Service witnesses [/underlined] – attendance arranged through Service channels
(b) [underlined] Civilians [/underlined] – summoned by an order given in M.A.F.L., p. 542, signed by C.O.
[underlined] Dispensing with personal attenance [sic] of witnesses [/underlined]
20. Under R.P. 4 (G), if witness not readily available, statement of evidence may be obtained and included in S. of E., unless accused demands presence.
[underlined] Action by C.O. [/underlined]
21. C.O. considers S. of E. and decides whether to:-
(a) Dismiss case; or
(b) Deal with summarily if within powers; or
(c) If outside his powers, apply to A.O.C. for permission to deal with accused summarily; or
(d) Where officer (F.L. or below) or M.O. concerned, submit to A.O.C. for summary disposal; or
(e) Apply for trial by C.M.
(f) When insufficient evidence to support a charge with which the C.O. may not deal summarily (e.g. stealing) but sufficient to support one with which he may deal, (e.g. improper possession), he can alter charge and punish the accused.
[underlined] Conclusion [/underlined]
22. Importance of prompt and accurate taking of S. of E. again stressed. Officer taking should understand that rules of evidence as for civil courts apply to S. of E., and should study particularly A.P. 837, para. 786.
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis: [/underlined]
[page break]
APPENDIX “A” TO PRECIS OF “SUMMARIES OF EVIDENCE”
SUMMARY OF EVIDENCE
in the case of
No. 1234567, Corporal John William, [underlined] MATTHEWS [/underlined]
No. 1001 Squadron, Royal Air Force, Somewhere,
(a) The Commanding Officer had directed that the evidence be taken on oath.
1st Witness for Prosecution No. 76543 Sergeant Robert [underlined] PEELER, [/underlined] S.H.Q., R.A.F. Station, Mildenfield (b) being duly sworn, states:-
I am N.C.O. i/c Station Police at Mildenfield. On 1st MARCH 1944 I was on duty in the Main Guard Room ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(The accused declines to cross-examine the witness)
or
Cross-examined by the accused.
Question 1 ………………………………..
Answer 1 …………………………………..
Question 2 ………………………………..
Answer 2 …………………………………..
(Sgd) R. PEELER, Sgt.
2nd Witness for Prosecution No. 197531 AC2. Albert [underlined] DULLER [/underlined], No. 888 Squadron, R.A.F. Mildenfield (b) being duly sworn, states:-
On 1st March 1944 I was serving at R.A.F. Mildenfield and accommodated in barrack hut D. The accused airman, whom I recognise, slept in the same room……………………………………………………….
Cross examined by the accused
Question 3 ………………………………
Answer 3 ………………………………..
Question 4 ………………………………..
Answer 4 …………………………………..
On his evidence being read over to him, the witness desires to make the following (c) alteration:-
The barrack hut to which I have referred was hut B, and not hut D.
(Sgd) A. DULLER, A.C.2.
3rd Witness for Prosecution Mrs. Jean [underlined] McGILLICUDDY [/underlined] of 24, Orange Grove, Belfast, Northern Ireland, widow (see statement furnished under R.P. 4 G, attached as Exhibit A).
The accused is warned in accordance with R.P. 4 (E).
(d) The accused declines to make any statement or give evidence.
Certified that the foregoing summary of evidence consisting of (3) pages, was taken down by me at Mildenfield on 11th MARCH 1944, in the presence of the accused, and that (e) R.P. 4 (C), (D), (E), (F), and (G) were complied with
(Sgd) Henry Wright, F.L.
Officer taking Summary of Evidence.
[page break]
[underlined] APPENDIX “A” CONTD. [/underlined]
[underlined] EXHIBIT A [/underlined].
I am Jean McGILLICUDDY, of 24 Orange Grove, Belfast, Northern Ireland, widow ………………………….
10th, March 1944
(Sgd) Jean McGillicuddy.
I certify that owing to the expense and loss of time involved, in my opinion the attendance of Jean McGillicuddy could not readily be obtained.
The foregoing statement of her evidence, signed by her, has been read to the accused who does not demand the attendance of the witness for cross-examination.
(Sgd) Henry Wright, F.L.
Officer taking Summary of Evidence.
[underlined] NOTES [/underlined]
(a) [underlined] or [/underlined] The accused demands that evidence be taken on oath
[underlined] or [/underlined] the accused does not desire that evidence be taken on oath.
(b) Omit if evidence not on oath.
(c) [underlined] or [/underlined] addition.
(d) [underlined] or [/underlined] the accused states:-
or the accused being duly sworn states:-
(e) Omit (F) if evidence not taken on oath
Omit (G) if all witnesses attend personally.
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
SUMMARIES OF EVIDENCE: QUESTIONS [/underlined]
1. A C.O. investigates a case and remands accused for a S. of E. to be taken. When should the S. of E. be begun?
2. May a civilian witness be compelled to attend a S. of E.?
3. Is it always necessary for a witness to attend personally?
4. Can the accused by represented by counsel or defending officer at the taking of a S. of E.? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
5. When is the evidence taken on oath?
6. When is evidence of opinion admissible?
7. Accused at a S. of E. after formal caution, makes a statement; (a) will be [sic] sign the statement; (b) can he be cross-examined?
8. If the officer taking S. of E. fails to warn the accused by means of the proper caution, what effect will this have on any statement made or evidence given by him?
9. Who may cross-examine: (a) witness for prosecution; (b) witness for defence?
10. A witness at a Summary of Evidence hands to the officer taking the summary a letter written to him by the accused. How is this document referred to in the record of evidence?
11. How are questions and answers numbered?
12. Is a separate sheet used for the evidence of each witness?
13. You are taking a Summary of Evidence. On his evidence being read over to him, a witness disagrees with your record of what he said. What would you do?
14. A S. of E. is completed, but it is found that further evidence is required. In what form is this further evidence taken and how will it be headed?
15. Can witnesses’ expenses be paid to civilians attending S. of E.?
16. Can the officer taking S. of E. refer to Court of Inquiry proceedings held on incident leading to charge?
17. What is “hearsay” evidence? Is it admissible?
18. What must be proved before a confession is admissible?
19. Can a C.O. dismiss a charge after a S. of E. is completed?
20. Can officer taking S. of E. recall a prosecution witness for further evidence?
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - summary of evidence
Description
An account of the resource
Covers definition, purpose, when and by whom to be taken, action before taking, procedure - explanation to the accused, procedure - taking the summary, evidence, procedure - making up papers, summoning of witnesses, action by C.O, conclusion and appendix with an example and questions..
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Six page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10015
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
military discipline
military service conditions
RAF Cranwell
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27108/SHughesCL1334982v10014.2.pdf
6e38fa586a2e3e64b141f33ac9e8751c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp of No. 1 Officers Advanced Training School Jun 1945]
27A5
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: POWERS OF PUNISHMENT [/underlined]
Appendices:- “A” – Table of Punishments – Airmen.
“B” – Table of Punishments – Airwomen.
Addendum:- Aircrew Discipline.
References:- M.A.F.L. – A.F.A. Sects. 46 and 47
K.R. Ch. XV. Sect. 1V.
A.P. 837, Sects. 25 and 26 and App. 2.
[underlined] Punishments awarded summarily [/underlined]
1. Punishments divided into two groups:-
(a) Summary Punishments.
(b) Minor Punishments.
2. [underlined] Summary punishments [/underlined] – more serious and all affect pay:-
(a) Detention – maximum 28 days.
(b) Field Punishment – maximum 28 days.
(c) Penal Forfeiture of Pay – maximum 28 days.
(d) Fines for Drunkenness – maximum £1 (£2 with A.O.C’s authority)
(e) Deduction from Pay (to make good loss or damage) – normally limited to equivalent of 14 days’ full pay.
3. [underlined] Minor Punishments [/underlined] – less severe and do not of themselves involve loss of pay:-
(a) Severe reprimand.
(b) Reprimand
(c) Confinement to Camp – maximum 14 days.
(d) Extra Guards or Pickets – maximum 3 (for guard offences only)
(e) Admonition (for first offences not of an aggravated nature).
4. Before awarding summary punishment, C.O. must offer accused right to elect trial by C.M. Also, before awarding minor punishment for absence without leave involving automatic forfeiture of pay (see para. 13 below). If accused DOES elect trial, C.O. MUST NOT WITHDRAW OFFER and award minor punishment.
5. List of punishments, indicating who may award, set out in App. “A” to this precis. These are only punishments recognised by A.F.A. for offences dealt with summarily by C.O. or subordinate commander.
[underlined] C.O.’s Powers of Punishment [/underlined]
6. [underlined] N.C.Os. including acting W.Os. [/underlined]:-
(a) One Summary punishment – deduction from pay (to make good loss or damage).
(b) Three Minor punishments:-
(i) Severe Reprimand
(ii) Reprimand
(iii) Admonition
(N.B.) N.C.Os cannot be fined for drunkenness; C.O. cannot dispose of charge of drunkenness against N.C.O. without permission of A.O.C. (K.R. 1152 (2)).
[page break]
- 2 -
7. [underlined] Aircraftmen [/underlined]:-
(a) [underlined] Five summary punishments [/underlined]:-
(i) [underlined] Detention [/underlined] – up to 28 days, but not more than 168 hours for 1st offence of absence without leave not exceeding 7 days. If C.O. F.L. or below, maximum 168 hours, except absence without leave in excess of 7 days, when he can (but is not bound to) award one day’s detention for each day of absence up to limit of 28 days.
(ii) [underlined] Field Punishment [/underlined] – maximum 28 days (only awarded on active service in the field).
(iii) [underlined] Penal forfeiture of pay [/underlined] – maximum 28 days.
(iv) [underlined] Fines for Drunkenness [/underlined] – within the following limits:-
1st Offence – not exceeding 5/-
2nd Offence – not exceeding 10/-
3rd Offence – not exceeding 15/-
4th Offence – not exceeding 20/-
5th and subsequent – not exceeding 20/- or, with A.O.C’s permission, up to 40/-.
(v) [underlined] Deduction from pay [/underlined] (to make good loss or damage) normally limited to equivalent of 14 days’ full pay. Always to be awarded as specific sum of money.
(b) [underlined] Three minor punishments [/underlined]:-
(i) C.C. – up to 14 days.
(ii) Extra guards – up to 3
(iii) Admonition.
[underlined] Subordinate Commander’s Powers of Punishment [/underlined]
8. Delegated by C.O. by name, conveniently published in S.R.Os. Powers less if Subordinate Commander F.L. or below.
9. [underlined] Squadron Leader and above [/underlined]:-
(a) One summary punishment – fines for drunkenness to aircraftmen, up to 20/-.
(b) Minor punishments, as for C.O.
10. [underlined] Flight Lieutenant and below [/underlined]:-
(a) One summary punishment – fines for drunkenness, to aircraftmen, up to 15/-
(b) Minor punishments:-
(i) N.C.Os. – Reprimand or Admonition – TO CORPORALS ONLY.
(ii) Aircraftmen – C.C., 7 days; extra guards, 3; admonition.
NOTE that a subordinate commander F.L. or below cannot deal with Senior N.C.O.
[underlined] Detachment Commander’s Powers of Punishment [/underlined]
11. For definition see K.R. 1139 (A.L. 133). Same powers as C.O. of corresponding rank, but if F.L. or below his powers may be restricted by superior authority.
/Contd….
[page break]
- 3 -
[underlined] Conjoint Awards [/underlined]
12. Where circumstances demand it, summary and minor punishments may be awarded together, except that:-
(a) A minor punishment not to be conjoined with detention exceeding 168 hours.
(b) Only penal forfeiture of pay may be conjoined with field punishment.
[underlined] Absence without leave [/underlined]
13. Points to note:-
(a) Charge should state time absence commenced and ended, and show days and hours absent.
(b) Pay forfeited automatically as follows:-
(i) Less than 6 hours, nil, unless absence caused duty to be performed by other person.
(ii) 6 hours to 24 hours, 1 day.
(iii) over 24 hours, 1 day for each complete 24 hours, plus one day for any remaining part of 24 hours, however small.
(c) Absence must be proved and some punishment awarded before forfeiture takes effect.
(d) Automatic forfeiture gives right to elect trial by C.M.
(e) Number of days forfeiture to be stated after punishment awarded but not as part of punishment.
(f) Forfeiture to be recorded in Remarks column of F.160 or F.281, thus: “Forfeits ……….. day’s pay under K.R. 3470”.
[underlined] Procedure when Badges of Rank covered [/underlined]
14. W.Os. and N.C.Os who cover badges of rank during work or training are dealt with in their former rank. (A.815/42.)
[underlined] Reduction of Punishments [/underlined]
15. C.O. cannot increase punishment he has awarded, but he can reduce it. C.O. can remit Subordinate Commander’s punishment but cannot increase it.
[underlined] Reversions [/underlined]
16. C.O. can deprive acting W.O. or N.C.O. of acting rank (except acting unpaid Cpl. R.A.F.P.) for an offence but cannot at the same time award summary or minor punishment. No right to elect trial by C.M.
[underlined] Curtailment of Privileges [/underlined]
17. Policy as set out in A.P. 837 para. 771 modified by A.M. letter A. 601787/43/S.10 (c) dated 10.5.44.
[underlined] Good Conduct Badges. [/underlined]
18. G.C.Bs. affected by punishments as under:-
(a) Detention or field punishment results in automatic forfeiture of all G.C.Bs.
(b) With any other punishment which constitutes “Service Entry” on [underlined] Service [/underlined] conduct Sheet (see K.R. 2153) offender may be deprived of one or more G.C.Bs. at discretion of C.O. If C.O. Squadron Leader or below, obtain authority from Wing
/Contd……
[page break]
- 4 -
Commander or above.
(c) Punishments constituting “Service Entries” result in delay of award or restoration of G.C.Bs. (A.P. 837 Sect. 38).
[underlined] Effect of Punishments on Airmen’s Career and Pay [/underlined]
19. Commanders must understand how punishment can affect airmen’s careers and pay in following ways:-
(a) G.C.Bs. – see para. 18 above
(b) Character assessments – see K.R. 2140.
(c) Prospects of promotion.
(d) Loss of pay when undergoing detention (or field punishment).
[underlined] A.O.C’s Summary Powers over Officers and Warrant Officers [/underlined]
20. A.O.C. has power to deal summarily with R.A.F. or W.A.A.F. officers below Squadron Leader and W.Os. (not acting S.L. or W.O.) for certain offences set out in K.R. 1153. Following punishments may be awarded:-
(a) Forfeiture of seniority not exceeding 12 months.
(b) Deduction from pay to make good loss or damage.
(c) Reprimand or severe reprimand.
(a) and (b) give right to elect trial by C.M.
[underlined] W.A.A.F. Discipline [/underlined]
21. W.A.A.F. personnel subject to modified form of A.F.A.; only certain sections apply, and all civil offences dealt with by civil authorities.
22. Charge against, or application by, airwoman invariably to be heard first by a W.A.A.F. Subordinate Commander.
23. All ranks of W.A.A.F. may be sent for trial by C.M.
24. For punishments awarded by C.O. and W.A.A.F. Subordinate Commander to N.C.Os. and aircraftwomen, see App. “B” to this precis. For W.A.A.F. officers and W.Os. position same as for R.A.F.
[underlined] Amendments to this precis [/underlined]
[page break]
[underlined] APPENDIX “A” TO PRECIS ON POWERS OF PUNISHMENT [/underlined]
[table of punishments for airmen]
[underlined] NOTES: [/underlined] the above are the maximum powers of punishment. The actual sentence for any offence should depend upon the seriousness of the offence, coupled with the airman’s previous record.
(a) For conjoint awards see K.R. 1146.
(b) The C.O. or Detachment Commander has powers limited if F.L. or below (K.R. 1138, 2 (a) and K.R. 1139).
(c) For distinction between forfeiture of Good Conduct Badges and Deprivation at discretion of awarding officer, see K.R. 1181.
(d) The Offender must be given the opportunity of electing trial by Court Martial if it is proposed to award him any Summary Punishment, or if it is proposed to award him minor punishment for absence without leave involving automatic forfeiture of pay. Failure to give this right of election makes the award invalid.
(e) For a first offence of A.W.O.L. if not more than 7 days, not more than 168 hours detention may be awarded. (K.R. 1138 (2) (a)).
(f) Penal forfeiture of pay is not to be confused with Automatic forfeiture for absence without leave under K.R. 3470.
(g) For scale of fines for Drunkenness see K.R. 1152 (6) and 1141, 2 (c).
(h) To make good loss, damage, etc. See A.F.A. Sect. 138 (4).
(i) But only when awarded conjointly with another punishment which itself entails a Service Entry (K.R. 2153 (7)
(j) Confinement to camp for 7 days or less entails neither Service Entry nor Deprivation of G.C. Badges – but see note (n).
(k) An acting W.O. or N.C.O. (except Acting Corporal R.A.F.P. under K.R. 509) may be ordered to revert to his permanent rank or classification. (K.R. 1142, A.F.A. Sect. 182 note 3.)
(l) Only awarded for offences connected with Guard or Picket Duties. K.R. 1138 (5) (c)
(m) Includes Acting Warrant Officer.
(n) Unless awarded for A.W.L. exceeding 2 days.
(Appendix ‘B’ over page.
[page break]
[underlined] APPENDIX “B” TO PRECIS ON POWERS ON PUNISHMENT [/underlined]
[table of punishment – airwomen]
NOTES: The above are the maximum powers of punishment. The actual sentence for any offence should depend upon the seriousness of the offence, coupled with the airwoman’s previous record.
(a) Commanding Officer is, for this purpose, in case of W.A.A.F. Station, the W.A.A.F. Officer appointed to command or exercising command in the absence of the Commanding Officer, and in the case of a R.A.F. Station, the Station Commander, whether appointed as such or exercising the functions of Station Commander under K.R. 54 and 112.
(b) A W.A.A.F. Subordinate Commander’s power of punishment require to be delegated to her by name. They may be restricted to less than the maximum if the experience of the subordinate commander renders such restrictions desirable.
(c) Penal forfeiture of pay is not to be confused with automatic forfeiture for absence without leave under K.R. 3470.
(d) Cannot be conjoined with C.C.
(e) An acting N.C.O. may be ordered to revert to her permanent rank or classification under K.R. 1142, but is not liable to summary or minor punishment as well. In the case of reversion from acting rank, an offender does not have the option of trial by C.M.
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
AD ENDUM [sic] TO PRECIS ON POWERS OF PUNISHMENT
AIRCREW DISCIPLINE [/underlined]
[underlined] General [/underlined]
1. The following is a summary of disciplinary and administrative provisions designed to assist C.Os. in regard to aircrew discipline.
[underlined] Officers and Warrant Officers [/underlined]
2. Disciplinary action under Air Force Act:-
(a) Summary disposal by A.O.C. – for offences by Flight Lieutenants and below and Warrant Officers. (Acting Squadron Leaders and Acting Warrant Officers not dealt with in this manner). See K.R. 1153 for offences punishable summarily by A.O.C.; these include:-
(i) Neglect to obey general, local or other orders (A.F.A. Sec. 11)
(ii) Negligently damaging aircraft (A.F.A. Sec. 39A (i) (a))
(iii) Breaches of K.Rs. (A.F.A. Sec. 40).
(Low flying offences not to be disposed of summarily except with Air Ministry approval – A.M.O. A.696/43 as amended by A.1269/43.)
[underlined] Punishments [/underlined]:-
Reprimand
Severe Reprimand
Forfeiture of Seniority (not exceeding 12 months);
Deduction of Pay to make good loss or damage.
(not in case of officers involved as pilots in accident resulting in damage to aircraft – see A.M.C.O. A.28/43)
(b) [underlined] Courts Martial [/underlined]
For really serious offences application for trial by General Court Martial may be made.
3. Administrative action:-
(a) [underlined] Reproof [/underlined] under K.R. 1154 may be administered either by C.O. or on report to Group, by A.O.C. for offences not serious enough to merit disciplinary action under A.F.A.
(b) [underlined] Deferment of promotion:- [/underlined]
(i) by withholding recommendation for appointment to acting rank, or
(ii) action under A.1251/42 to defer time promotion to F.O. or F.L. by delay of 1, 2 or 3 months according to gravity of offence.
(see A.M.C.O. A.23/43 para. 12 (ii))
(c) [underlined] Log Book endorsement [/underlined] – adverse endorsement in red ink – see A.M.C.O. A.23/43.
(d) [underlined] Disciplinary Course [/underlined] at Air Crew Refresher School, R.A.F. Sheffield. Purpose of this course explained in Appendix “B” to precis of lecture on Flying Accidents.
/Contd…………
[page break]
- 2 -
/Contd…
(c) Disciplinary training within unit. Within discretion of C.O. to give extra training to officer or W.O. if necessary for his benefit, not by way of punishment, but for training where conduct of individual shows this to be necessary. Examples where such training might benefit:-
(i) Faulty cockpit drill – extra cockpit drill, instruction on ground over and above syllabus, followed by written exam.
(ii) Faulty engine handling – attached to C.T.O. for for [sic] his disposal in training.
(iii) Faulty gun handling – extra armament training on guns and ground instructional equipment.
(iv) Bombing faults – attach to armament section to learn bombing up, etc.
(v) Radio faults – further training on ground instructional equipment.
(vi) Bad flying or navigating – link trainer, beam approach practice.
4. See also A.P. 837 paras. 733 – 735 A.
[underlined] Aircrew (other than officers and Warrant Officers) [/underlined]
5. Disciplinary action under A.F.A.:-
(a) Summary disposal by C.O. – N.C.Os (including Acting Warrant Officers) may be dealt with on lines explained in precis of lecture on Powers of Punishment, (see para. 2 (a) (iii) above regarding penal deductions to make good loss or damage).
(b) [underlined] Reversion of Acting Warrant Officer or Acting N.C.O. [/underlined] – dealt with in lecture on Powers of Punishment.
(c) [underlined] Application for trial by District Court Martial [/underlined] – for cases too serious for summary disposal.
6. Administrative action:-
(a) [underlined] Reduction under K.R. 504 [/underlined] – A.O.C. empowered under K.R. 504 and A.M.O. A.830/43 to reduce N.C.Os for misconduct. Normal disciplinary action must be taken before C.O. recommends reduction of offender by A.O.C. C.O’s letter recommending this action to be seen and initialled by N.C.O. who may make statement. (A.830/43 does not apply to R.A.A.F. – A.1337/43).
(b) [underlined] Deferment of Promotion [/underlined] – C.Os should consider each individual carefully when submitting recommendations for approval by A.O.C. Promotion may be delayed by A.O.C. if recent adverse entries on Conduct Sheet. (One Group does not approve promotion unless Conduct Sheet shows clear 3 months free of reprimand or 6 months free of severe reprimand.)
(c) [underlined] Commission Recommendations [/underlined] – may be postponed if entries of Reprimand or Severe Reprimand on Conduct Sheets. (One Group delays recommendations until 6 months clear of reprimand and 12 months clear of severe reprimand).
(d) [underlined] Log book Endorsements, Disciplinary Course A.C.R.S., Disciplinary Training [/underlined] – same considerations as above in case of officers.
[page break]
[underlined] OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
POWERS OF PUNISHMENT – QUESTIONS [/underlined]
1. An officer is charged with an offence; may the C.O. (a) dismiss [inserted] YES [/inserted] the charge? (b) Dispose of the charge and punish the officer? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
2. On an airman electing trial by C.M. may the C.O. in order to save time and trouble of a C.M., withdraw his offer, and dispose of the case summarily by awarding a minor punishment? [inserted] NO [/inserted]
3. What punishments may a C.O. award to a N.C.O.? [inserted] Reprimands Deduction from pay Admonish. [/inserted]
4. If C.O. orders deduction from pay to make good loss or damage, what is the normal limit, and how must the amount be stated? [inserted] up to 14 days pay Sum stated [/inserted]
5. Corporal Dickens is charged with 1st offence of drunkenness, and remanded by his Subordinate Commander for C.O. What action may be taken by C.O. What punishment may be awarded by C.O.? [inserted] Remand to C M Rep if perm from AOC [/inserted]
6. Is there any record that a C.O., who has awarded a summary punishment, asked accused whether he elected trial by C.M.? [inserted] Record on F160 [/inserted]
7. Which of the following punishments, awarded by a S.L. Subordinate Commander to a L.A.C., are incorrect and why?
(a) 7 days C.C. [inserted] [symbol] [/inserted]
(b) 3 extra guards [inserted] if guard offence [/inserted]
(c) Admonition [inserted] [symbol] [/inserted]
(d) 14 days Penal Forfeiture of Pay [inserted] X [/inserted]
(e) Reprimand [inserted] X [/inserted]
(f) Severe reprimand [inserted] X [/inserted]
(g) 168 hours of detention [inserted] X [/inserted]
(h) 10/- fine for 2nd offence of drunkenness [inserted] [symbol] [/inserted]
(j) 15/- deduction from pay to make good loss or damage. [inserted] X [/inserted]
8. What as a general rule is the maximum period of detention that a C.O. may award an aircraftman? Are there any exceptions? [inserted] 28 days [/inserted]
9. When and to whom, may the punishment of extra guards be awarded?
10. Which of the following punishments, awarded by a W/Cdr. C.O. are incorrect, and why?
(a) 10 days detention to an A.O.1. absent without leave for 5 days, 10 hours, 33 minutes. Accused has clean conduct sheet. [inserted] X 7 days max. [/inserted]
(b) 5/- fine for a 2nd offence of drunkenness by an A.C.1. [inserted] [symbol] [/inserted]
(c) 3 days C.C. to an A.C.2 charged with being late on guard mounting parade. [inserted] [symbol] [/inserted]
(d) 5/- deduction from pay to an A.C.1 to make good damage. [inserted] X [/inserted]
(e) 20/- fine to A.C.1 for 4th offence of drunkenness. [inserted] X [/inserted]
(f) 7 days C.C. to a L.A.C. for stealing a bun from the N.A.A.F.I.
/Contd……
[page break]
- 2 -
12. The Officer Commanding your Squadron is a S.L. and has been delegated the powers of a Subordinate Commander. What are his powers of (a) Summary punishment and (b) Minor punishment over – (i) N.C.O’s and (ii) Aircraftmen? [inserted] NO/ai “/all [/inserted]
13. By whom can 14 days C.C. be awarded? [inserted] CO. (Sub C S/Ldr) [/inserted]
14. What summary punishments may be given by a F.L. Subordinate Commander and to whom.? [inserted] A/Cs drunkenness only [/inserted]
15. What minor punishments may be given by a F.L. Subordinate Commander to (a) N.C.O’s, (b) Aircraftmen? [inserted] a) Rep to Cpl b Several [/inserted]
16. What are the powers of a Detachment Commander?
17. Are the following conjoint awards valid?
(a) 168 hours detention and 7 days C.C. to an A.C.1 [inserted] YES. [/inserted]
(b) 10 days detention and 7 days C.C. to an A.C.1 [inserted] NO. [/inserted]
(c) 10 days detention and 10/- deduction from pay to a L.A.C. to make good loss or damage. [inserted] YES. [/inserted]
(d) Severe reprimand and 15/- deduction from pay to a N.C.O. to make good loss or damage. [inserted] YES. [/inserted]
18. (a) What awards by a C.O. entail automatic forfeiture of all G.C.B’s? [inserted] Retention/Field Punishment [/inserted]
(b) When is the forfeiture of G.C.B’s discretionary?
(c) Who may exercise this discretion?
19. The A.O.C. has summary powers of disposal of certain charges against certain persons:-
(a) What are the ranks of these persons? [inserted] F/L and Below – W/O [/inserted]
(b) What punishment can he award? [inserted] Loss of Seniority. Deduction from Pay. Reprimand. [/inserted]
(c) Which of these punishments gives the right to elect trial by C.M.?
20. May (a) a W.A.A.F. Officer (b) a W.A.A.F. N.C.O. (c) an A.C.W. be sent for trial by C.M.?
21. What summary punishments may be given by a C.O. to (a) a W.A.A.F. N.C.O. (b) an A.C.W.?
22. What minor punishments may be given by a C.O. to (a) a W.A.A.F. N.C.O. (b) an A.C.W.?
23. How does an airman know that he has forfeited pay for absence without leave?
24. What specific punishments when awarded to an aircraftman give him the right to elect trial by C.M.?
25. An aircraftman is found guilty of absence without leave for:-
(a) 4 hours 10 mins [inserted] NONE [/inserted]
(b) 14 hours 34 mins. [inserted] 1 DAY [/inserted]
(c) 3 days 4 hours 36 mins. [inserted] 4 DAYS [/inserted]
How many days pay is forfeited in each instance?
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced training school - powers of punishment
Description
An account of the resource
First document covers punishment awarded summarily, C.O's powers of punishment, subordinate commander's powers of punishment, detachment commander's powers of punishment, procedures when badges of rank covered, reduction of punishments, reversions, curtailment of privileges, good conduct badges, effect of punishment on airmen's career and pay, A.O.C's summary powers over officers and warrant officers and WAAF discipline. Followed by two appendixes with tables of punishment for airmen and airwomen as well as further addendum document on powers of punishment - aircrew discipline, Finally a two pages of questions.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Ten page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10014
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
military discipline
military service conditions
RAF Cranwell
training
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27086/SHughesCL1334982v10034-0001.1.jpg
5453b4da6468e0b71559c3d0a3934e1a
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1663/27086/SHughesCL1334982v10034-0002.1.jpg
5c0a000bd309be7cd1b5538a6b28adb6
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hughes, Clarence. No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Description
An account of the resource
37 items. Precis of subjects covered at No 1 officer's advanced training school at RAF Cranwell in June and July 1945.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-06-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v1
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[date stamp for NO. 1 OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL JUN 1945]
[underlined] 22E5
OFFICERS ADVANCED TRAINING SCHOOL
PRECIS: P.3
GOOD CONDUCT BADGES: MISCELLANEOUS [/underlined]
References: A.P. 837 Sections 38 and 50
K.R. paras 652 and 1175 to 1186.
[inserted] K.R. 2153. [/inserted]
[underlined] GOOD CONDUCT BADGES [/underlined]
1. It is important for commanders to appreciate the effect certain punishments they can award have on an airman’s good conduct badges.
[underlined] Airman with Clean Conduct Sheet (F.121) [/underlined]
2. An airman with a clean conduct sheet normally receives his first, second and third good conduct badges after 3, 8 and 13 years respectively of full time man service, as e.g.,
An airman enlisted 1 Jan 32
1st G.C.B. awarded 1 Jan 35
2nd G.C.B. awarded 1 Jan 40
3rd G.C.B. awarded 1 Jan 45
[underlined] Service Entries [/underlined]
3. (a) Definition – a service entry is the record of a punishment which is entered on the Service Conduct Sheet of an airman (F.120). This form is maintained during war time at the Record Office from entries in Unit P.O.R’s. Punishments which constitute service entries are fully described in K.R.2153., see also appendix A to precis No. 27.
(b) On each occasion that a C.O. awards a punishment that warrants a Service Entry, the airman forfeits 91 days qualifying service and the award of all subsequent badges is affected. This indirectly costs the airman 22s/9d e.g.
Enlisted 1 Jan 32
Target dates for badges as in example to para. 2 above
8 days C.C. 10 Oct. 34
1st G.C.B. awarded 1 Apl. 35
2nd G.C.B. awarded 1 Apl. 40
Severe Reprimand (now Cpl) 2 Aug. 41
3rd G.C.B. awarded 1 Jul. 45
[underlined] N.B. [/underlined] For purposes of example 91 days is taken as equivalent to 3 calendar months.
[underlined] V.G. Time [/underlined]
4. During the two years immediately preceeding the award of a badge an airman must complete 2 years V.G. time in actual receipt of pay.
5. V.G. time is broken when a C.O. awards over 10 days C.C., a punishment involving 3 or more days automatic forfeiture of pay for absence to an aircraftman, a severe reprimand to an N.C.O. or any other punishment which forms a service entry.
e.g. V.G. time is broken by:-
(a) Admonition and automatic forfeiture of 3 days pay for absence.
[page break]
-2-
(b) Fine for drunkenness
(c) [underlined] Severe [/underlined] reprimand
(d) 11 days C.C.
(e) Detention or Field Punishment.
6. The above mentioned punishments, if awarded just before an airman is due for the award of A G.C.B., can delay the award for nearly two years and indirectly cost him anything up to approximately £9.
e.g. Enlisted 1 Jan 32
Target date 1st G.C.B. 1 Jan 35
14 days C.C. 10 Dec 34
1st G.C.B. awarded 24 Dec 36 (V.G. time begins again on expiration of punishment)
Cost to aircraftman
723 days @ 3d p.d. £9 – 0 – 9d.
7. For example combining the two factors (i.e. Service Entries and broken V.G. time), See A.P. 837 Section 38 para. 1042
[underlined] Procedure for Award [/underlined]
8. (a) Record Office calculate date and notify C.O.
(b) C.O. ensures that there are no recent service entries on F.121 General Conduct Sheet
(c) The award is subject to the approval of the C.O. who uses his discretion regarding the general character of the airman
(d) When approved the award is promulgated in P.O.Rs.
[underlined] MISCELLANEOUS [/underlined]
[underlined] Re-engagements [/underlined] (A.M.O. A.56/45)
9. C.Os. should draw the attention of all airmen to the above mentioned A.M.O. which enables them to re-engage for periods of 4, 5, 6 or 7 years.
[underlined] Release to Industry [/underlined]
10. A C.O’s responsibility is only to inform enquirers of the correct procedure as outlined in A.P. 837 para. 1341. After that application must be made by airman’s former employer to the Government Department concerned.
[underlined] Discharge [/underlined]
11. Points to note:-
(a) F.1394 Brief Statement of Service and Certificate of Discharge. This affects an airman’s subsequent employment in civil life and future prospects and should be carefully compiled
(b) Complete diary of action is contained in A.P. 837 para. 1339.
[underlined] Transfer to Army of R.A.F. Personnel [/underlined]
12. (a) Details are given in R.O.M. 31/45 and A.M.O. A.199/45.
(b) Airmen may volunteer but others will be detailed by name by Record Office.
[underlined] Amendments to this Precis: [/underlined]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Officers advanced school - good conduct badges miscellaneous
Description
An account of the resource
Policy for good conduct badges including airmen with clean sheet, service entries, V.G time, procedure for awards and miscellaneous points.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
No 1 Officers Advanced Training School
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1945-06
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Service material
Text. Training material
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SHughesCL1334982v10034
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-06
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Tricia Marshall
Conforms To
An established standard to which the described resource conforms.
Pending review
military discipline
RAF Cranwell
training