Glen Turner]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sue Smith]]> Tilly Foster]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal New Zealand Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--London]]> England--Norfolk]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> Germany]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Atlantic Ocean--North Sea]]> Italy]]> Alps]]> New Zealand]]> England--Great Yarmouth]]> 1940-11-15]]> 1943-04-12]]> Brian Wright]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Algeria]]> Egypt]]> France]]> Great Britain]]> Italy]]> Poland]]> North Africa]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Algeria--Blida]]> Egypt--Cairo]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Italy--Brindisi]]> Poland--Warsaw]]> 1940]]> 1942]]> 1943-11-27]]> 1944]]> 1945-08]]> 1944-09]]> 1945]]> David Meanwell]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Germany--Barth]]> Germany--Berlin]]> 1941-05]]> 1942-05]]> 1944]]> 1945-01-20]]> 1945-04-30]]> 1945-05-05]]> Gemma Clapton]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Ian Whapplington]]> Tricia Marshall]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Norfolk]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Hampshire]]> England--London]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Atlantic Ocean--North Sea]]> Norway]]> Norway--Bergen]]> Belgium]]> Belgium--Ostend]]> 1941]]> 1942]]> 1944]]> 1945]]> David Meanwell]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Ian Whapplington]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> 1944]]> 1945]]>
This recording was made around 1990, as Leslie recounts the story to his grandson, Matt Phillips.
]]>
Matt Philips]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> Carolyn Emery]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Gibraltar]]> Great Britain]]> Malta]]> Mediterranean Sea]]> Middle East]]> Atlantic Ocean--Bay of Biscay]]> England--Berkshire]]> 1941-07]]>
David Kavanagh]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Nick Cornwell-Smith]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Boston]]> England--Lincoln]]> Russia (Federation)]]> Russia (Federation)--Kaliningrad (Kaliningradskai︠a︡ oblastʹ)]]> England--The Wash]]> Germany]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Frankfurt am Main]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> Netherlands]]> Atlantic Ocean--North Sea]]> 1943]]> 1944-02]]> Claire Bennett]]> This Interview was recorded by Aviation Heritage Lincolnshire.]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> Pending OH summary]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Civilian]]> Great Britain]]> Atlantic Ocean--North Sea]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--The Wash]]> Rod Pickles]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Graham Emmet]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending review]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Civilian]]> Great Britain]]> Scotland--Dumfries and Galloway]]> Gibraltar]]> Morocco]]> Tunisia]]> Tunisia--Tunis]]> Italy]]> Italy--Sicily]]> Italy--Salerno]]> North Africa]]> 1943-09]]> 1943-10-01]]> Dan Ellin]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Chris Cann]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Wiltshire]]> England--Lincoln]]> England--Norfolk]]> England--Oxfordshire]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Essen]]> Germany--Mannheim]]> Middle East--Jerusalem]]> Middle East--Palestine]]> Germany]]> Germany--Kiel Canal]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1941-09-01]]> 1942]]> Annie Moody]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Cathie Hewitt]]> Pending review]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> Lithuania]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Lithuania--Šilutė]]> Harry Bartlett]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Carolyn Emery]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> Atlantic Ocean]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Atlantic Ocean--Irish Sea]]> England--Cornwall (County)]]> England--London]]> Northern Ireland--Fermanagh]]> 1936]]> 1944-02-15]]> 1944-04-17]]> 1944-04-27]]> Mick Jeffery]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Rutland]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Atlantic Ocean]]> France]]> Gibraltar]]> Atlantic Ocean--Bay of Biscay]]> Germany]]> Atlantic Ocean--Kiel Bay]]> 1944]]> Bill joined 138 Squadron at RAF Tempsford. He carried out 32 operations in Belgium, France, Germany, Holland and Norway. Flying low, they dropped agents and supplies. He describes the clandestine liaison with resistance groups. On long flights to southern France, they would refuel at RAF Blida in North Africa. He also discusses carrying pigeons for intelligence gathering. Bill recounts how their aircraft was shot down on one occasion, returning from RAF Blida. On his return, Bill changed to Stirling aircraft which he very much liked. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal in July 1944.
Finishing the Second World War as a flight lieutenant, he was sent to RAF Yatesbury working on codes and ciphers. He went to Belgium, Cyprus, Germany and Singapore. He worked at the Missing Research and Enquiry Unit in Belgium and finished at RAF St Mawgan having been served for 37 years.]]>
Rod Pickles]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sally Coulter]]> Vivienne Tincombe]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Bedfordshire]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Cornwall (County)]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Wiltshire]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Northern Ireland--Down (County)]]> Belgium]]> Cyprus]]> France]]> Germany]]> Netherlands]]> North Africa]]> Norway]]> Singapore]]> 1944-07]]>
Great Britain. Royal Air Force]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Mike Connock]]> Pending review]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Log book and record book]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Belgium]]> France]]> Germany]]> Great Britain]]> Italy]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Belgium--Haine-Saint-Pierre]]> Belgium--Hasselt]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Leicestershire]]> England--Worcestershire]]> England--Yorkshire]]> France--Dunkerque]]> France--Le Creusot]]> France--Paris Region]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Bochum]]> Germany--Dortmund]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Germany--Essen]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Germany--Krefeld]]> Germany--Mönchengladbach]]> Germany--Nuremberg]]> Italy--Turin]]> Scotland--Dumfries and Galloway]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1942]]> 1943-05-23]]> 1943-05-24]]> 1943-05-25]]> 1943-05-26]]> 1943-05-27]]> 1943-05-28]]> 1943-06-12]]> 1943-06-13]]> 1943-06-19]]> 1943-06-20]]> 1943-06-21]]> 1943-06-22]]> 1943-07-29]]> 1943-07-30]]> 1943-08-02]]> 1943-08-03]]> 1943-08-10]]> 1943-08-11]]> 1943-08-12]]> 1943-08-13]]> 1943-08-16]]> 1943-08-17]]> 1943-08-23]]> 1943-08-24]]> 1943-08-27]]> 1943-08-28]]> 1943-08-30]]> 1943-08-31]]> 1943-09-01]]> 1944-05-08]]> 1944-05-09]]> 1944-05-10]]> 1944-05-11]]> 1944-05-12]]> 1944-05-28]]> 1944-05-29]]> 1944-05-31]]> 1944-06-01]]> 1945]]>
The Earliest Years.
Born in Barnoldswick, then in Yorkshire, now in Lancashire in 1922. His father ran a wireless business until 1926. He describes his years at schools and a move to Norwich. The family then moved to London where he started an apprenticeship as an accountant.

Joining Up.
Cliff left the accountants to work in his father's radio business. Initially he was rejected by the RAF because he wore spectacles. He reapplied and passed various written, oral and medical examinations. Initial training was at Torquay then Newquay. Once training was complete he sailed from Greenock to South Africa.

Southern Rhodesia.
After acclimatisation in South Africa, Cliff and his colleagues were put on a sleeper train to Bulawayo in Southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe. Training commenced on Tiger Moths but he was 'scrubbed' or rejected. He was reselected as an air gunner and completed a course in Moffat, also in South Rhodesia. Hospitality in Rhodesia and South Africa was described as generous and excellent.

Postscript.
Cliff describes a run-in with a training corporal who took a dislike to him. Despite faked evidence he proved his points and emerged with a clean record and passed his exams.

Operational Training.
In August 1942 he sailed back to the UK. He was sent to Bournemouth for assessment, then on to RAF Finningley for training then RAF Bircotes for operations. Next was a move to RAF Hixon and its satellite airfield at Seighford. He married Hilda on 1st March 1943 during a week's leave.

Second Time to Africa.
He was then sent to West Kirby, Liverpool to join a ship sailing to Algiers, for further training. Their destination became Blida where they started operations on Tunis and Monserrato airfield. They then moved to a desert strip to the east by 250 kms. From there they continued operations into Italy. Later they moved to Kairouan and continued operations into Italy, mainly Sardinia and Sicily. Each operation is described in great detail.
He has included a letter in Arabic with instructions to take the bearer to British soldiers for a reward. At the end of his tour they sailed back to Greenock.

Screened.
After some leave Cliff's next posting was at Operational Training Unit Desborough where he helped train new gunners. Due to an argument with an officer he was sent to RAF Norton for correctional training. On his return his case was reviewed and the severe reprimand was removed from his record.

Scampton.
Scampton was Cliff's next operational base then Winthorpe for its Heavy Conversion Unit on Stirlings, followed by Syerston on Lancasters then Bardney.

227 Squadron.
Cliff joined 227 squadron at Bardney. Again he covers in detail each operation. His flight was later transferred to Balderton. During this period he was awarded the DFC.

Final Leg.
His squadron was transferred to Gravely at the end of the war. He did a photography course and was transferred to Handforth. There was little work, some unpleasantness and eventually a period of extended leave, a spell at Poynton looking after prisoners then demob.

Back to Civvy Street.
Cliff returned to Whitehaven to revitalise a radio company. He gives great detail about the improvements made. Later he set up a similar enterprise at Maryport. Wired radio services were set to become less popular and financially worthwhile so seeing the writing on the wall he decided to emigrate.

Kenya.
Cliff and family flew to Nairobi, then bus to Kitale where his father was.

Hoteli King George.
Dissatisfied with life on his father's farm, Cliff took a job as a prison officer. He and his family moved to Nairobi. He relates several stories about prisoners and their better qualities but in the end he gets restless and leaves.

Civil Aviation.
Cliff joined the East African Directorate of Civil Aviation in April 1951 as a radio officer. He and his family were relocated to Mbeya, 900 miles from Nairobi. His skills as a radio engineer were well used in this remote location. After 2.5 years the family returned to UK on leave. On his return he was posted to Mwanza, also in Tanganyika. He describes in great detail a royal visit. They left on leave in June 1957 and collected a VW Beetle for transport to Kenya. Their next move was to Entebbe. This was not a happy posting and led to a transfer to Kisumu in Kenya. After three years they transferred to Nairobi to spend more time with their children, who were at boarding school there.

D.C.A. Headquarters.
His role here was Telecomms superintendent. He describes in detail the operations of his section. This was an unsettled period in Kenya with many Europeans returning home.

Dec' 61 on Leave.
Leave was spent at their house in Wales then in May 1962 Cliff returned alone to Nairobi. His family did return later. By this time his father had abandoned his farm and was building radios.

On Leave June 1964.
He bought another house in Wales and spent his leave restoring it. His wife's mother moved in. In November 1964 Cliff returned alone to Nairobi. he left within a year due to the worsening situation.

Job Hunting.
Several electronics firms were approached offering Cliff's services. He attended an interview with Pye who quickly offered him employment.

At Pye Telecommunications.
He found his colleagues unhelpful. A great deal of time was spent on a Turkish quotation that had been in progress for 10 years. A quotation to the Iranian Directorate of Civil Aviation contained complications leading to Cliff revising the quotation. Later there was a complicated installation job at the London Stock Exchange. Eventually Pye pulled out from the bid but a rival company won it, only to be taken over by Pye. At first the system was troubled but after a simple modification it worked perfectly.

Dresden 13-14 February 1945.
A one page description of the bombing of Dresden.

Curriculum Vitae.
Cliff Watson's CV, dated 1976.











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Cliff Watson DFC]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Peter Bradbury]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Huntingdon]]> England--Yorkshire]]> England--Norwich]]> England--London]]> England--Torquay]]> England--Newquay]]> England--Birkenhead]]> Scotland--Greenock]]> Sierra Leone--Freetown]]> South Africa--Durban]]> Zimbabwe--Bulawayo]]> South Africa--Mahikeng]]> Zimbabwe--Harare]]> Singapore]]> South Africa--Cape Town]]> England--Bournemouth]]> France--Paris]]> Algeria--Algiers]]> Algeria--Blida]]> Tunisia--Tunis]]> Italy--Sardinia]]> Italy--Cagliari]]> Tunisia--Bizerte]]> Italy--Monserrato]]> Italy--Decimomannu]]> Italy--Trapani]]> Italy--Palermo]]> Italy--Naples]]> Italy--Rome]]> Italy--Lido di Roma]]> Italy--Tiber River]]> Italy--Alghero]]> Italy--Castelvetrano]]> Italy--Pantelleria Island]]> Tunisia--Sūsah]]> Italy--Syracuse]]> Italy--Messina]]> Italy--Salerno]]> Italy--Bari]]> Italy--Comiso]]> Italy--Crotone]]> Italy--Pomigliano d'Arco]]> Italy--Paola]]> Italy--Battipaglia]]> England--Desborough]]> Norway--Bergen]]> Netherlands--Walcheren]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Norway--Oslo]]> Belgium--Houffalize]]> Germany--Karlsruhe]]> Germany--Dortmund-Ems Canal]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> Germany--Dortmund]]> Germany--Berchtesgaden]]> England--Whitehaven]]> Kenya]]> England--Yeovil]]> Kenya--Nairobi]]> Kenya--Kitale]]> Tanzania--Mbeya]]> Tanzania--Mwanza]]> Uganda--Entebbe]]> Kenya--Kisumu]]> England--Cambridge]]> Germany--Dresden]]> Germany--Braunschweig]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Zimbabwe--Gweru]]> Zimbabwe]]> South Africa]]> Sierra Leone]]> France]]> Algeria]]> Tunisia]]> Italy]]> Netherlands]]> Germany]]> Norway]]> Poland]]> Belgium]]> Tanzania]]> Uganda]]> Iran]]> North Africa]]> Germany--Nuremberg]]> Iran--Tehran]]> Poland--Police (Województwo Zachodniopomorskie)]]> Netherlands--Vlissingen]]> Germany--Homburg (Saarland)]]> Tunisia--Munastīr]]> Tunisia--Qayrawān]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Cornwall (County)]]> England--Cumberland]]> England--Devon]]> England--Hampshire]]> England--Huntingdonshire]]> England--Norfolk]]> England--Northamptonshire]]> England--Somerset]]> England--Lancashire]]> Italy--Capri Island]]>
Great Britain. Royal Air Force]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Robin Christian]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Service material]]> MFordTA1585520-170411-070002]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> J Brennan]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sue Smith]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Air Force. Coastal Command]]> Royal Navy]]> South Africa]]> Germany]]> Great Britain]]> France]]> Italy]]> Poland]]> Belgium]]> England--Devon]]> England--Sussex]]> England--London]]> England--Lancashire]]> England--Worcestershire]]> England--Warwickshire]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Atlantic Ocean--North Sea]]> Germany--Dortmund]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Germany--Essen]]> Germany--Bochum]]> France--Le Creusot]]> Germany--Krefeld]]> England--Suffolk]]> England--Felixstowe]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Germany--Nuremberg]]> Italy--Turin]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Mönchengladbach]]> Germany--Mannheim]]> Germany--Hannover]]> Germany--Kassel]]> Germany--Frankfurt am Main]]> Germany--Bremen]]> France--Cannes]]> Poland--Szczecin]]> Germany--Magdeburg]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> Germany--Stuttgart]]> Germany--Schweinfurt]]> Germany--Augsburg]]> France--Rouen]]> Germany--Cologne]]> Germany--Friedrichshafen]]> France--Montdidier (Hauts-de-France)]]> Belgium--Hasselt]]> France--Lens]]> France--Dunkerque]]> France--Paris]]> Belgium--La Louvière]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1941-06]]> 1943-05-23]]> 1943-05-25]]> 1943-05-27]]> 1943-06-12]]> 1943-06-19]]> 1943-06-21]]> 1943-07-29]]> 1943-08-02]]> 1943-08-04]]> 1943-08-10]]> 1943-08-12]]> 1943-08-16]]> 1943-08-23]]> 1943-08-27]]> 1943-08-30]]> 1943-08-31]]> 1943-09-05]]> 1943-09-22]]> 1943-09-23]]> 1943-09-27]]> 1943-09-29]]> 1943-10-03]]> 1943-10-04]]> 1943-10-08]]> 1943-11-11]]> 1943-10-22]]> 1943-10-23]]> 1943-12-20]]> 1943-12-23]]> 1944-01-05]]> 1944-01-21]]> 1944-02-15]]> 1944-02-19]]> 1944-02-20]]> 1944-02-24]]> 1944-02-25]]> 1944-03-01]]> 1944-03-08]]> 1944-03-18]]> 1944-03-24]]> 1944-04-18]]> 1944-04-20]]> 1944-04-23]]> 1944-04-24]]> 1944-04-26]]> 1944-04-27]]> 1944-05-03]]> 1944-05-08]]> 1944-05-10]]> 1944-05-11]]> 1944-05-28]]> 1944-05-31]]> 1944-06-02]]> 1944-06-29]]> Royal Air Force]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Great Britain]]> 1944-04-30]]> 1944-05-01]]> This item was sent to the IBCC Digital Archive already in digital form. No better quality copies are available.]]> H G Adams]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Tricia Marshall]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Australian Air Force]]> Australia]]> New South Wales]]> Atlantic Ocean--Bay of Biscay]]> 1944-05-09]]> Jack Darby]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Oxfordshire]]> England--Oxford]]> 1944-06]]> R Stubbs]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Cathie Hewitt]]> Steve Baldwin]]> eng]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Navy]]> Great Britain]]> England--Portsmouth]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Hampshire]]> 1942-02-16]]> 1942-02-15]]> 1942-02-14]]> O A Cusse]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> England--Oxfordshire]]> England--Oxford]]> 1941-01-02]]> Charles Francis Saunders]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Civilian]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> England--Shropshire]]> England--Herefordshire]]> Wales--Carmarthenshire]]> Scotland--Moray]]> England--Buckinghamshire]]> England--Wiltshire]]> England--Staffordshire]]> England--Cheshire]]> 1943-01]]> 2005-07]]> ]]> During the month of September 1943 the squadron lost 6 aircraft and 21 men killed with 7 being prisoners of war. All aircraft are noted as now being equipped with 'Monica' and some additionally equipped with 'Mandrell.
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IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> eng]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Canadian Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> Germany]]> Germany--Bochum]]> Denmark]]> Denmark--Esbjerg]]> Denmark--Thyborøn]]> 1943-09-29]]> 1943-09-30]]> 1943-10-03]]>