Amos Nesi]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> ita]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Italy]]> Italy--Pistoia]]> 1943]]> Andrew Sadler]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending review]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Belgium]]> Canada]]> Great Britain]]> Spain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> 1940]]> 1942-10-04]]> William flew Ansons and Cranes and learned navigation in America on Catalina flying boats. He also tells of flying Lysanders and transporting agents for the Special Operations Executive into France. He also tells how he helped Polish airmen with different information to keep them safe if they crashed.
William flew a number of aircraft including the Lancaster, Stirlings and Halifaxes at different locations and was on 36 operation with Bomber Command, taking part in Operation Manna. He served with 138 Squadron and 161 Squadron. He also tells of his life after the war, when he went to live in Rhodesia where he helped to run the family business before returning to Great Britain in 2003.

Please note: The veracity of this interview has been called into question. We advise that corroborative research is undertaken to establish the accuracy of some of the details mentioned and events witnessed.]]>
Andrew Sadler]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Polskie Siły Powietrzne]]> Great Britain]]> United States]]> France]]> Germany]]> Netherlands]]> England--Bedfordshire]]> England--Suffolk]]> England--Staffordshire]]> Zimbabwe]]> Africa--Lake Nyasa]]>
Angiolina Michelozzi]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> ita]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Italy]]> Italy--Pistoia]]> 1943]]> 1944]]> Angiolina Nesi]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> ita]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Italy]]> Italy--Pistoia]]> Italy--Florence]]> 1943]]> Angiolina Pratesi]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> ita]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Italy]]> Italy--Pistoia]]> 1943]]>
Label reads “94”; signed by the author; caption reads “15 FEBBRAIO 1944. Ronchis di Aquileia UD, 4 del mattino, i repubblichini circondano il fienile, dove sono nascosti 2 partigiani, forando il fieno con le baionette trapassano da parte a parte, la guancia di “Aramis” C. R. e catturano “Ragno” che tradi’. In localita Pantiera furono sorpresi, pur in un casolare “Spaccatutto” N. A .e “Boris” M. U. fuggito 8 giorni prima da Palmanova.”

Caption translates as: “15 February 1944. Ronchi di Aquileia (Udine province), 4.00 am. The supporters of the Republic of Salò surrounded the barn where two partisans were hiding, piercing haystacks with their bayonets. One bayonet pierced the cheek of “Aramis” (C.R.) from side to side, they also captured “Ragno” who then betrayed. Near Pantiera, “Spaccatutto” (N.A.) and “Boris” (M.U.) were caught in a farmhouse. The latter had managed to escape from Palmanova eight days earlier.” ]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Aquileia]]> Italy]]> 1944-02-15]]>

Label reads “104”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA 25 APRILE 1944 – Cadeva a Tolmezzo in un colpo di mano tentato contro la caserma della milizia fascista il patriota Renato Del Din tenente degli alpini. Imponenti i funerali all’eroe, la salma tutta ricoperta di fiori nazi-fascisti furibondi e impotenti, da quel giorno la Carnia fu condannata”.

Caption translates as: “Carnia, 25 April 1944 – On this day, the patriot and Alpini Lieutenant Renato Del Din perished in Tolmezzo during a daring action against the Fascist militia barracks. The funeral of this hero was magnificent, the coffin covered in flowers. Nazi-Fascist were furious and powerless. From that day, the fate of the Carnia region was sealed."]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Tolmezzo]]> Italy]]> 1944-04-25]]>

Label reads “108”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA 24 MAGGIO 1944 – Una mina preparata fra Ampezzo e Forni di Sotto poco prima del Passo della Morte, faceva saltare un’auto pilotata da un maggiore Tedesco e due capitani uccidendoli. Rappresaglia immediate delle SS, alle fiamme 3 paesi, Vico Baselia e Tredolo nel comune di Forni di Sotto, 400 Case incendiate 1500 abitanti senza tetto, i bovini bruciati nelle stalle o presi a fucilate.”

Caption translates as: “Carnia, 24 May 1944 – An explosive device planted between Ampezzo and Forni di Sotto, just before Passo della Morte, destroyed a German car driven by a major with two captains as passengers. The explosion killed everyone. Retaliation from the SS was swift. Three villages were burnt down: Vico Baselia and Tredolo near Forni di Sotto. 400 houses were burnt, and 1,500 inhabitants remained without a place to live. Cows were either burnt alive in their keeps or shot.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-05-24]]>

Label reads “110”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA. I rastrellamenti continuano il 28 Maggio a Casteons di Paluzza, Ligosullo, Pieden di Arta Paularobe Villasantina, il 26 a Rovi di Paluzza una decina di operai tra cui una donna rimanevano uccisi lungo le strade, nelle officine sulle soglie delle loro case. I partigiani rispondono moltiplicando le imboscate.”

Caption translates as: “Carnia, the mop-ups continued. On the 28 May, in Casteons di Paluzza, ten workers – including a woman – were killed in the streets, in the factories, and on their doorsteps. The partisans responded by intensifying ambushes.” ]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]>

Label reads “123”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA 15 LUGLIO 1944. Il dottor Aulo Magrini da Luint di Ovaro cade in combattimento all’Aquaviva fra Piano d’Arta e Sutrio nobile figura di patriota.”

Caption translates as: “Carnia. 15 July 1944. Doctor Aulo Magrini, born in Luint near Ovaro, fell in action near Acquaviva between Piano d’Arta and Sutrio. He was a noble-minded patriot.]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-07-15]]>

Label reads “125”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA. 21 LUGLIO 1944… Dal racconto dei 2 soli superstiti scampati da Casera Lanza perche nascosti nel fieno. I falsi partigiani si presentarono chiedendo cibo, compensarono poi l’ospitalita scaricando le armi su quanti erano presenti all casera. 16 furono le vittime l’eccidio avvenne dopo mezzogiorno, le salme vennero serviziate depredate e gettate in monte una sull’altra in un’angolo della casera.”

Caption translates as: “Carnia. 21 July 1944… From the account of the only two survivors of the Casera Lanza massacre. They were hidden in the haystacks. Those who pretended to be partisans, but weren’t, showed up asking for food. Then, they rewarded the hosts for their hospitality by firing their weapons towards anyone in the alpine dairy. The victims were 16. They were slaughtered shortly after midday and the bodies were abused, plundered, and piled up in a corner of the building.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-07-21]]>

Label reads “128”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA. Nel pomeriggio del 22 Luglio 1944. SS tedesche e italiane circondano Paluzza e unite a falsi partigiani procede [sic] di casa in casa al rastrellamento. Sotto gli occhi dei loro famigliari 4 uomini sono ridotti in fin di vita con bastonature, calci, morsi, pugnalate. Dopo il sacheggio il reparto ubriaco di sangue e di vino prende la via del ritorno, seminando la strada di altre vittime.”

Caption translates as: “Carnia. On the afternoon of 22 July 1944, the German and Italian SS surrounded the village of Paluzza. Together with those who disguised as partisans, they proceeded with the sweeping, inspecting every house. Four men were beaten half to death in front of their families. They got kicked, bitten, and stabbed. After the raid the unit, drunk with blood and wine, returned home, leaving behind other victims.]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-07-22]]>

Label reads “131”; signed by the author; caption reads “Caption reads “AGOSTO 1944. MARANO LAGUNARE, operazioni di sabotaggio nel Canale di S.Andrea da parte di un patriota maranese, ad imbarcazioni tedesche con il favour della notte, in’utilizza gli impianti di bordo, lasciando gli scafi in balia delle onde e delle correnti perche siano facile preda degli aerei all’alba.

Caption translates as: “August 1944. Marano Lagunare, sabotage operation in the Canale di S. Andrea by a local patriot. He sabotaged German ships during the night, making the on-board systems unusable and leaving the boats drifting with waves and currents. This way, they would be an easy prey for the aircraft flying over at dawn.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Marano Lagunare]]> Italy]]> 1944-08]]>

Label reads “137”; signed by the author; caption reads “1o ADELIO TRIGATTI da S. Giorgio di Nogaro UD 23 Agosto 1944, apostolo del socialismo, esilio, martirio, e morte a corollario della sua vita, nessuno più lo ricorda. Catturato causa tradimento caricato su un camion e portato in giro per Gonars e Fauglis, sul suo petto erano visibili le orribili servizie operate.

Caption translates as: “1 – Adelio Trigatti from San Giorgio di Nogaro (Udine province) (23 August 1944) was a preacher of Socialism. He was exiled, tortured, and killed. No one remembers him anymore. As a result of a betrayal, he was carried into a lorry and carried around Gonars and Fauglis. The horrible tortures perpetrated by his jailers were visible on his chest.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy]]> 1944-08-03]]>

Label reads “142”; signed by the author; caption reads “PONTEBBA. 30 SETTEMBRE 1944. Giovanni Grillo ferroviere deviatore alla stazione di Pontebba con rischio della propia vita, apriva le porte piombate dei carri carichi di deportati per la Germania. 12 soldati vengono fatti fuggire, uno di essi ammalato fu scoperto in casa del Grillo. La mattina del 3 Ottobre ritto in piedi sfida il plotone di esecuzione, cade gridando “Wiva [sic] l’Italia”.

Caption translates as: “Pontebba, 30 September 1944. Giovanni Grillo was a railway man, a signalman at Pontebba railway station. He risked his life by opening the doors, sealed with lead, of the wagons loaded with deportees to Germany. Two soldiers were helped to escape but one of them fell ill and was found at Grillo’s house. On the morning of 3 October, standing upright, he challenged the firing squad. He fell proclaiming “long live Italy”.]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Pontebba]]> Alps]]> Italy]]> 1944-09]]>

Label reads “161”; signed by the author; caption reads “CARNIA. Ottobre 1944. L’arresto della spedizione punitive avvenne per lo sganciamento dei patrioti, cosi la macchina da Guerra tesa per un’azione a fondo si scaricò in pieno contro i primi paesi oltre Tolmezzo. L’operazione di rastrellamento inesorabile cruda e pronta fu ingente nella somma delle devastazioni 14 uccisi, fra essi Don Giuseppe Treppo parroco di Imponza, assasinato mentre tentava di difendere le donne dagli attentati della soldataglia russa. Tutta la popolazione era stata presente al calvario dell’eroico sacerdote, costretto dalla soldataglia a procedere a braccia alzate, sotto feroci bastonature, fino all‘orto dove una fucilata pose fine al tormento.”

Caption translates as: “Carnia, October 1944. The withdrawal of the patriots stopped the reprisal. The war machine - set up for a devastating blow - unleash its fury on the first villages beyond Tolmezzo. The sweeping operation was so relentless, swift, and brutal that the death toll of the devastation was enormous: 14 people were killed. Amongst them, was Father Giuseppe Treppo, vicar of Imponzo. He was assassinated while defending some women from the aggressions of the Russian troops. The whole population of the village witnessed the suffering of the heroic priest. He was forced by the troops to walk holding his hands up – while they were beating him with a baton – up to the vegetable garden where a shot put an end to his sufferings.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-10]]>

Label reads “167”; signed by the author; caption reads “(1o) 15 ottobre 1944 TORVISCOSA UD. Durante un rastrellamento nazi-fascista un patriota Villa, dal Pol Primo sorpreso, tenta la fuga,ma viene fatto segno a colpi di arma da fuoco …”

Caption translates as: “(1) 15 October 1944, Torviscosa (Udine province). During a Nazi-Fascist sweeping, a patriot, Primo De Pol (also known as ‘Villa’) was caught. So, he tried to escape but the men who found him opened fire on him…”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> Filiputti, Angiolino. Death of Primo Del Pol ‘Villa’]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Torviscosa]]> Italy]]> 1944-10-15]]>

Label reads “168”; signed by the author; caption reads “(2o) …ferito si rifugiò nel campanile della Chiesa del paese dove veniva caturato, rifiutatosi di dare informazioni, lo finivano a colpi d’arma…”

Caption translates as: “(2)… He was wounded and found shelter in the town church’s bell tower. He then refused to provide any information; so, he was killed by gunfire…”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> Filiputti, Angiolino. Death of Primo Del Pol ‘Villa’]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Torviscosa]]> Italy]]> 1944-10-15]]>

Label reads “171”, signed by the author, caption reads “(12°)… 12 civili sospetatti di attività partigiana vengono portati alle carceri di palmanova UD.”

Caption translates as: “(5)…12 civilians suspected of being partisans were carried to the Palmanova (Udine province) jail.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy]]>

Label reads “175”, signed by the author, caption reads “PALMANOVA. Novembre 1944 - Febbraio 1945. Dal racconto di Elio Tinon da Talmasson UD: i patrioti Indri Elio da S. Giorgio di Nongaro UD, e Peccia Giovanni da Cervignano che pur militando nella Landschutz, erano in contatto con le nostre formazioni, sono stati fucilati sui bastioni di Palmanova, mentre tentavano di fuggire dall’arsenale, dal Borsatti il 9 Ottobre, i loro corpi non furono piu’ ritrovati.”

Caption translates as: “Palmanova, November 1944-February 1945. From the account of Tinon Elio from Talmassons (Udine province): the two patriots Elio Indri from San Giorgio di Nogaro (Udine province) and Peccia Giovanni from Cervignano who, although being members of the Landschutz militia of territorial defense, supported out units. They were shot by lieutenant Borsatti on the bastions in Palmanova while they were escaping from the arsenal on 9 October 1944. Their bodies were never found.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Palmanova]]> Italy]]> 1944-10-09]]>

Label reads “177”, signed by the author, caption reads “[illegible] OTTOBRE 1944. SILVIO MARCUZZI “MONTES” veniva catturato assieme ad altri al mulino di Muzzana del Turgnana UD. Dal 1943 all’agosto 1944 opera del Marcuzzi, fu’ creata l‘intendenza “Montes” dalle Prealpi Giulie ai territori della Venezia Giulia, all’Emilia, ai reparti in Carnia e al IX Corpus Sloveno. Portato a Palmanoa UD nelle mani del tenente Borsatti, e torturato a sangue nella cella No 1. Il pavimento era lordo fi sangue, e un pezzo del suo cervello era attaccato al muro, mori’ il 2 novembre 1944, 4 ore prima della decretata impiccagione, urlava come i cani, chiamava nomi strani, e cantava, chi lo vide disse: era una larva di uomo sanguinante da ogni parte, specie dalla testa, lacero scalzo completamente assente, ira impazzito, poi la fine."

Caption translates as: “[illegible] October 1944. Silvio Marcuzzi (also known as “Montes”) and others were arrested at the watermill of Muzzana del Turgnano (Udine province). Between 1943 and August 1944, the “Montes” bureau was created at the behest of Marcuzzi. It operated from the Julian Pre-Alps to the Venezia Giulia region, the Emilia, the Carnia units, and the 9th Slovenian Corps. Silvio Marcuzzi was carried to Palmanova (Udine province) by lieutenant Borsatti. He was then brutally tortured in cell number 1. The floor was filthy and covered by blood. A piece of his brain was on the wall. He died on 2 November 1944. Four hours before the hanging sentence was carried out, he was screaming like a dog, calling strange names, singing. Those who saw him stated that, by that time, he was a wreck, bleeding everywhere, especially in the head. He was lacerated, barefoot, completely distant. He went insane, then died.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--Palmanova]]> Italy]]> 1944-10]]>

Label reads “178”, signed by the author, caption reads “CARNIA 2 Novembre 1944. Nuove ondate di russi si rovesciano su Muina Cella ed Agrons, salgono fino a Luint ed Ovasta lasciando dietro di se’ una scia dolorosa di saccheggi, di rovine di lutti. Altri 9 uomini e una donna slanciatasi in difesa del marito restavano uccisi sul colpo."

Caption translates as: “Carnia, 2 November 1944. Further waves of Russians storm Muina Cella and Agrons. They climbed to Luint and Ovasta, leaving behind them a painful trail of pillaging, ruins, and mourning. Other nine men and one woman – who rushed to protect her husband - were killed on the spot.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-11-02]]>

Label reads “180”, signed by the author, caption reads “9 NOVEMBRE 1944. Carnia la cavalleria cosacca si rovescia su ESEMON di SOPRA UD devastando e saccheggiando, tutto quanto appare sulla loro strada. Da’ un articolo del giornale “Liberta’” di Flora Buccioli, quando per la primo volta dopo quel 12 Ottobre scesi dal paesino scosceso per ritornare; mi fermai a Esemon di Sopra, davanti alla case arse, alla scuola con i muri neri e crollati, i letti, i mobili giacevano ancora in fondo, giu’ contorti. Mi volsi presso il muro corroso della scuola, era rimasto illeso un rosario, e nell’aria fredda dell’inversno una rosa, l’ultima piccola, pallida, parlava fra’ le rovine di un miglior futuro.”

Caption translates as: “9 November 1944. Carnia, the Cossack cavalry storms Esemon di Sopra (Udine province), destroying and sacking everything on their path. Flora Buccioli wrote a journal article on the newspaper ‘Libertà’: “When, for the first time after that 12 October, I climbed down from the village on the hills, I stopped at Esemon di Sopra, facing the burnt houses. The blackened walls of the village school were in ruins. The beds and the furniture were laying in the background, mangled. I turned to the corroded wall of the school; only a rose garden had survived and, in the cold winter breeze, one last rose – small and pale – spoke amongst the ruins of a better future.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-11-09]]>

Inscriptions read “191”; signed by the author; caption reads “S. GIORGIO DI NOGARO UD NOVEMBRE 1944. (I) Frazione Galli, casale Venco, 4 partigisani riposano nella stalla, Cargnello Giovanni “Rasin” e il russo “Stalin”. Giungono altre persone in abiti civili si dicono patrioti, ma sono dei repubblichini travestiti, scoppia una sparatoria, il russo Barbizeu Ivan rimane ucciso, gli altri fuggono. Si era tesa la trappola per catturare Romano, Martello, ed altri, all’arrivo di militari tedeschi la fattoria, circondata fu saccheggiata”.

Caption translates as: “S. Giorgio di Nogaro (Udine province), 27 November 1944. (1) Galli hamlet, Venco farmhouse, four partisans are sleeping in the barn, amongst them Cargnello Giovanni (also known as “Rasin”) and the Russian “Stalin”. Other people in civilian clothes pretend to be patriots but are Fascists in disguise. A shooting broke out, the Russian Ivan Barbizeu got killed. The other escaped. A trap was set to arrest Romano, Martello, and others. When the German soldiers arrived at the farm, they surrounded and sacked it.”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Italy--San Giorgio di Nogaro]]> Italy]]> 1944-11]]>