Interview with Alma Leedham
Alma Leedham grew up in London and worked for Hawker aircraft on the Hurricane at the start of the war . She later trained as a driver in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force. She served at RAF Scampton driving tractors taking bombs to the aircraft. Mentions various episodes of her service life: a flash accidentally blowing up a fully bombed Lancaster and setting fire to other nearby aircraft; delivering post from Scampton to Waddington; meeting her husband, a flight sergeant; her tractor being targeted by a German fighter plane. Describes the relationships between the WAAFs and the ground and aircrews at the base. Remembers the night the Dam Busters went on their operation. Tells of her family life after the war.
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2016-05-14
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01:24:34 audio recording
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ALeedhamA160514
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Interview with Ken Hayton
Ken Hayton’s father, George Stanley Hayton (Stan), worked worked for Lloyds Bank. In 1940 Stan left his post to join the Royal Air Force; Ken recalled going to Durham station to see his father off, travelling to start basic training at RAF Padgate. Ken believes his father completed his training as a fitter armourer at RAF Lytham before joining 97 Squadron at RAF Woodhall Spa. When 617 Squadron replaced 97 Squadron, Ken remained and was involved in bombing up 617 Squadron aircraft ahead of the Dambuster operation. Stan was sent to help with the clear up of a Lancaster crash on land near a bomb dump and for the rest of his life he could not stand the smell of lamb being cooked. Towards the end of the war Stan was posted to RAF Riccall where he prepared redundant .303 browning aircraft guns for storage, he was finally demobbed from RAF Waddington in 1945 and returned to Lloyds Bank where he remained until retirement. After the war Stan trained for his private pilot license at Newcastle Aero Club and took both Ken and his mother flying in the club’s Tiger Moth.
Ken describes his schoolboy life in Durham, including leaving the Anderson Shelter one evening and watching searchlights scanning the sky over Sunderland. One bombing on Durham was shortly after Coventry had been bombed: the mist rose from the river and shrouded the city, with local folklore being St Cuthbert protecting the Cathedral. During his father’s service at RAF Woodhall Spa, Ken recalled travelling there with his mother from Durham by train and seeing extensive bomb damage to York railway station. Ken served three years in the RAF, posted to RAF Insworth a non-flying RAF station where the RAF Records Section was based, transferring to the Coronation Unit for training ahead of the ceremony in 1953. He recalled route lining in the Haymarket, due to the narrowing of the road he was very close to the Queen’s coach and in the evening went to Buckingham Palace and assisted the police with crowd control. Ken recalls watching The Dambusters film with his father in 1955 and his father commenting on the accuracy of the film.
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2017-10-04
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00:59:30 audio recording
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AHaytonK171004, PHaytonK1701
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H Jack Lazenby DFC
Harold Jack Lazenby's autobiography.
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99 printed sheets
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BLazenbyHJLazenbyHJv1
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Interview with Les Munro
John Leslie Munro was born in the area of Gisborne, New Zealand. He only completed two years of secondary education because of the economic slump and in 1936 began work on a sheep ranch and then a mixed farm. On the outbreak of the Second World War, he was determined to train as a pilot. He had to complete a correspondence course first to improve his qualifications. He began his training at Number 2 Elementary Flying Training School, going solo after six and a half hours’ training. He completed his training in Canada. After time on Operational Training Units at RAF Shawbury and RAF North Luffenham, and the Heavy Conversion Unit at RAF Wigsley, he was posted to 97 Squadron at RAF Woodhall Spa. He volunteered and was accepted for the special squadron being assembled by Guy Gibson. With 617 Squadron, he embarked on further training that would lead to the Eder, Möhne and Sorpe operations. En route to the dams his aircraft was hit by anti-aircraft fire, losing all communication and had to return to RAF Scampton. Of the 58 operations Munro completed while in RAF Bomber Command, 36 were with 617 Squadron. He was taken off active operational duty to command 1690 Bomber Defence Training Flight. He participated in Operation Taxable, a decoy operation connected to D-Day. Munro recounts several near misses, such as almost hitting the barrage balloons hoisted from a convoy on the North Sea. He was highly supportive of the unveiling of the Bomber Command Memorial in Green Park and in particular, ensuring that it would be properly maintained.
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2015-06-15
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00:52:53 audio recording
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AMunroL150604
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Interview with John James Smith
John Smith grew up near Corby surrounded by aerodromes so he was used to the sight of aircraft. He observed Lancaster aircraft practicing for the Dambusters raid over Eye Brook Reservoir. He also witnessed glider practice and was impressed by the sight of the Flying Fortresses flying overhead. He also witnessed the German aircraft flying overhead to bomb Coventry and witnessed a German aircraft shot down. After the war he spent his National Service in the RAF at Church Lawford.
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2020-12-27
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00:34:46 Audio Recording
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ASmithJJ201227, PSmithJJ2001
Telegram to DJH Maltby
The telegram congratulates him from Coningsby and Woodhall.
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1943-05-23
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One b/w photocopy
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E[Author]PMaltbyDJH430523
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Interview with John 'Snogger' Watkins
John Watkins was working in retail in Rotherham and in 1939 he joined 218 Squadron ATC. He joined the RAF in February 1942 at RAF Cardington, and did his initial training at Blackpool. In December 1942 he did his wireless training at RAF Yatesbury. His first role was as a ground personnel wireless operator at RAF Scampton in 1943. He next went to RAF Madeley to complete his aircrew training and then to 10 Gunnery School in Barrow in Furness. In early 1944 he went to the USA, via Canada. He was posted to 111 OTU in Nassau in the Bahamas to train on Liberator and Mitchell aircraft. On his return to the UK he converted to the Catalina and later the Sunderland flying boats. His original crew set off from Northern Ireland to fly to India, but due to a medical issue he didn’t fly with them and his crew were killed enroute. He finished his career flying on operations for Coastal Command in India and the Far East. He was personally upset by the condition of the ex-prisoners of war of the Japanese he and his crew ferried from bases.
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2018-08-02
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01:02:00 audio recording
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AWatkinsJ180802, PWatkinsJ1801
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
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Interview with Cyril Gosling
Cyril Gosling trained as an armourer at Kirby in Blackpool and was first posted to 49 Squadron where he worked on the guns and turrets. As part of his role he would go on flights in the bombers to check the guns accuracy by firing at drogues. On one occasion they had to make an emergency landing when the engine failed. He often rode on the bomb trolleys on their way to the dispersals.
Cyril was chosen to move to 617 Squadron as an armourer when the squadron formed at RAF Scampton. He met Barnes Wallis and knew Guy Gibson, often taking his dog for a walk. Cyril flew in one of the Lancasters as they carried out a test run over the Derwent Water dam. Cyril's memory of the day of Eder, Möhne and Sorpe operation was marred by a tragic event at the base. His friend had a 'dear John' letter from his girlfriend and took his own life in front of Cyril. After the war Cyril moved to Canada and was involved with the destruction of war equipment not longer needed. He was saddened by the fact that along with armaments, they had to destroy clothing which would have been gratefully received by families in England. During his periods of leave he and fellow RAF colleagues went to New York. They were treated in his words like 'Royalty' and put up in hotels for free and were introduced to Frank Sinatra and Bing Crosby. Cyril also remembers going up the Empire State Building when later the same day a B-25 Mitchell bomber crashed into it in during thick fog. Cyril return by Ship to England in September 1946.
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2018-09-07
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01:21:14 audio recording
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AGoslingC180907
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Letter to David Donaldson from Aunt Theresa
Sassoon
Thanks him for photographs and congratulates on award of Distinguished Service Order. Comments on Dams operation and other war news. Continues with family news and hopes the war will soon be over.
Theresa Sassoon was Siegfried Sassoon's mother. She mentions a photo she has received from her nephew Thornycroft – a b/w version of PGrundyAF1503. In EDonaldsonT-FIDonaldsonDW430515-0003 she is referred to as The Aunt.
Additional information about this item was kindly provided by the donor.
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1943-05-26
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Three page handwritten letter
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ESassoonTDonaldsonDW430526
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Lancaster with mid gun turret removed
Lancaster AJ-P
A port side view of Lancaster AJ-P from the film of the Dam Busters. Its tail is up and is either landing or taking off.
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One b/w photograph from a scrapbook.
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PTwellsE15070087, PTwellsE15070088, PTwellsE15070115
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History of Lancaster B.III ED 945
Ordered 1941 and built by A.V. Roe at Chadderton near Manchester as one of a batch of 620 between November 1943 and June 1943. Twenty of this batch either side of ED 932 (Gibson's aircraft) were modified as type 464 provisioning to enable Barnes Wallis's bomb to be carried. ED 945 completed 9 June 1943 and delivered to 103 Squadron. Aircraft lost on night 16/17 June 1943 on an operation to Cologne. Covers some aspects of this operation.
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One-page typewritten document
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MDexterKI127249-170830-10
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No. 5 Group Operation Order No. B. 976
Operation Chastise
A Top Secret document referring to the operation to the Ruhr dams. There is a general section describing the purpose of the operation, a section on defences and the priorities of the attack. There is a list of 19 aircraft and their crew from 617 Squadron for the attack on 16 May 1943. The outline and detailed plans are described with a route plan. A sketch of a masonry dam with a bouncing bomb is included. Finally there is an extract from the London Gazette, dated 28 May 1943 referring to Wing Commander Guy Gibson.
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1943-05
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Eleven photocopied sheets
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MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180001,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180002,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180003,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180004,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180005,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180006,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180007,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180008,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180009,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180010,
MWhybrowFHT170690-160926-180011
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No 617 Squadron and the operation to breach the dams
Album page with three clippings, one from from The Daily Telegraph and Morning Post dated Tuesday May 18 1943 showing a number of Lancasters over a city, captioned '617 Lancs'. One summarising the news from around November 1944, including the sinking of the Tirpitz, and one summarising the effect of the dams operation. Two photographs, one with six airmen, grouped in front of a wooden building, captioned '617 Groundcrew', ' Josh'. The second a sergeant, in the countryside, captioned 'Duffy'.
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1943-05-18
1944-11
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One photocopied sheet
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MFalgateD136896-160407-05
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Exhibition of Dambuster Pilots Wings
Top centre a title 'this photograph was taken the day after the attack on the dams of [..] pilots who took off for the dams only eleven returned'. Top centre a photograph of twelve pilots in two rows labelled 'Back row: Flt Lt Townsend, Flt Lt McCarthy, Flt Lt Wilson, Wg Cdr Gibson, Flt Lt Munro, Flt Lt Maltby, Flt Sgt Brown, Front Row: Flt Sgt Anderson, P/O Rice, Flt Lt Martin, Flt Lt Shannon, P/O Knight'. Left hand side in three rows the pilot's brevet, medal ribbons and plaque with name and aircraft for Sir Harold Martin, Flt Lt Geoff Rice and Squadron Leader Les Munro RNAF, left centre medals and name plaque for Squadron Leader David Maltby and name plaque for Flt Lt H S Wilson (lost on Sept 14 1942 during attack on Dortmund-Ems Canal). Centre Pilots Brevet, medal ribbons and name plaque for Wing Commander Guy Gibson, lost night 19 September 1944. Below centre Brevet, medal ribbons and name plaque for Flt Lt Bill Townsend. Centre right medal ribbon and name plaque fro pilot Officer Les Knight RAAF and below name plaque for Flt Sgt Anderson, lost on operations later ion WWII. Right hand side pilot's brevet , medal ribbons and name plaque for Sqn Ldr Joseph McCarthy, Flt Lt Ken Brown and Squadron leader David Shannon. On the reverse 'Dambuster Pilots Wings'.
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This content is property of the Leonard Cheshire Archive which has kindly granted the International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive a royalty-free permission to publish it. Please note that it was digitised by a third-party which used technical specifications that may differ from those used by International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive. It has been published here ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre.
One b/w photograph
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PCheshireGL18100041, PCheshireGL18100042
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Mohne Dam
Reconnaissance photograph with lake on the left and a dam middle with breach with water flowing through. Captioned between pages 46-47 of 1956 Memoir [written vertically on LHS of page presumably for landscape orientation of photo] 'Mohne Dam. The breach of about 200 ft width in the Moehne Dam. May 1943 Raid by 617 Squadron'. On the reverse 'Mohne Dam, CH.9687'.
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1943-05
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One b/w [photograph
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PCruickshankG1501-0006, PCruickshankG1501-0007
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Eder Dam
Reconnaissance photograph showing lake on left with breached dam half way up on left. Farmland fields top right. Captioned between page 47-48 of 1956 Memoir '[heading] 617 Squadron [/heading]
[caption - written vertically on LHS of page presumably for landscape orientation of photo] 'Elder [sic] Dam The south-east end of the storage lake with the dam breached between the two valve houses at a point about 400 ft from its western end. Water is still pouring through the gap flowing fast downstream towards Kassel'. On the reverse 'Eder Dam, CH.9750'.
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1943-05
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One b/w photograph
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PCruickshankG1501-0008, PCruickshankG1501-0009
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Damage descriptions for post operation photographs
Damage descriptions to go with post operation photographs of Cologne, Moehne and Eder Dams. Relates to photographs C.2550, CH.9687 and CH.9750.
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One page typewritten document
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PCruickshankG1501-0001
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Cuttings reporting and commenting on last operational flight by a Lancaster
Cutting annotated 15 Oct 1956, reports last operational flight of a Coastal Command Lancaster.
A magazine cutting January 1957 reports the last operational Lancaster flight.
A cutting of a letter suggesting that the Lancaster should be preserved not scrapped.
A cutting records last operational flight.
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1956-10-15
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Newspaper cuttings
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PThompsonKG15010154, PThompsonKG15010155, PThompsonKG15010156, PThompsonKG15010157, PThompsonKG15010158, PThompsonKG15010159, PThompsonKG15010160, PThompsonKG15010161
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Mohne Dam
Three photographs from an album.
Photo 1 is a postcard of the dam, captioned 'Mohnetalsphere'.
Photo 2 is the dam breached.
Photo 3 is the lake behind the dam, captioned 'Am Mohnsee' and 'RAF Leave Centre 1946'
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1943
1946
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Three b/w photographs
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PLovattP19010023
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Ruhr dams breached and growing devastation in the Ruhr
Article 1. Headlines: Ruhr dams breached, daring low level attack by Lancaster, walls blasted out with 1500lb mines, vast damage by floods. Short account of Dams operation. Article 2. Headlines: growing devastation in Ruhr; flood waters sweep into Kassel; damage to German war industries, power station, bridges and railways wrecked. Mentions floods from breached dams still spreading, Kassel flooded and water rising at Duisburg. Mentions that photographs show breaches at Eder is as big as Mohne.
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1943-05-18
1943-05-19
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Two newspaper cutting mounted on a scrapbook page
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SValentineJRM1251404v10070
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Mohne dam breached
Two photographs. Top showing Mohne dam breached in the centre with lake on the rights. Bottom photograph shows the dam before the attack.
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One newspaper cutting mounted on a scrapbook page
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SValentineJRM1251404v10071
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Bomber crew and presentation of silver aircraft
Top - seven aircrew wearing various uniform or flying clothing standing in line under the engine of a bomber. Mick Martin is third from the right. Bertie Foxlee is on the left. Bottom - 22nd June 1943 Hungaria restaurant in London following the investiture at the Palace. Guy Gibson had been presented with the silver Lancaster. Next to him is Roy Chadwick and on the right Group Captain John Whitworth looks on.
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Two b/w photographs mounted on an album page
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SFoxleeBT404595v10003
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Lancaster airborne
Head on view of a Lancaster with undercarriage down just above the ground. The aircraft carries a mocked up bouncing bomb for the filming of 'The Dam Busters'.
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One b/w photograph
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PHaggerJ2003
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Lancaster at low level
Air-to-air view of rear quarter view of a four engine bomber with squadron letters 'AJ-G' airborne at low level with fields below. The aircraft carries a mocked up bouncing bomb for the filming of 'The Dam Busters'.
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One b/w photograph
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PHaggerJ2007
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Lancaster at low level
Air-to-air view of rear quarter view of a four engine bomber with squadron letters 'AJ-P' and registration NX673' airborne at low level with fields below. The aircraft carries a mocked up bouncing bomb for the filming of 'The Dam Busters'.
On the reverse 'Dick and self on way to Windemere'.
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One b/w photograph
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PHaggerJ2008, PHaggerJ2009
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