Augsburg bombing
A letter from No 10 Downing Street to air officer commanding-in-chief, Bomber Command, complimenting the RAF on their success in bombing Augsburg.
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1942-04-18
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One typewritten letter
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PDorricottLW15090103
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Bob Knights' Obituary
The obituary of Flight Lieutenant Bob Knights. It details his operations on the Tirpitz, his early life, his training in Florida, his time with 617 Squadron and his role with BOAC after the war until his retirement in 1976.
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A newspaper cutting from a scrapbook.
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PTwellsE15070082, PTwellsE15070083
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Interview with Tom Coles
Tom Coles was born in Watford and signed up for the Royal Air Force at the age of 18. He went to Canada for training, a period saddened by the loss of his sister who was in the Womens Auxilliary Air Force. Tom flew Manchesters, then went to 158 Squadron at RAF Abingdon where he was on Wellingtons. He tells of his time at RAF Lissett, and off-duty social life at Bridlington. Discusses his service with 4 Group emphasising German anti-aircraft fire; by the time he left the Royal Air Force, he had completed 37 operations. Talks about post war life in the manufacturing industry, reunions for 158 Squadron, lack of recognition of Bomber Command veterans. Elaborates on the bombing of Dresden and on the role Winston Churchill had in that operation.
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2015-09-28
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00:58:25 audio recording
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AColesT150928
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Interview with Ronald Davis
Ronald Davis grew up in the East End and worked in London as a solicitor’s office boy. He joined the RAF and served as a fitter airframe.
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2015-09-29
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01:01:29 audio recording
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ADavisR150929
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Interview with Alan Mann
Alan Mann was born in Lewisham, London and left school aged 14 to begin an engineering apprenticeship at RAF Kidbrooke and with de Havilland. He describes being bombed and what it was like in the workshops. After the war he had a career with de Havilland.
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2016-01-30
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00:59:41 audio recording
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AMannA160130
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Interview with Thomas Charles Arthur Long
Thomas Charles Arthur Long was born in Quorn, England. He was in the Home Guard and worked at Brush as a draughtsman, also gaining a Higher National Certificate from Loughborough College. He decided to join the RAF being that the only way to get out a reserved occupation. He was on the reserve for months and eventually sent to Aircraft Recruitment Centre at Lord’s Cricket Ground / St John’s Wood. He was then post on to Newquay Initial Training Wing, followed by training in Canada in Halifax and Moncton. Recollects Winston Churchill at the First Quebec Conference, and provides details of training on a bombing and gunnery course as a Royal Canadian Air Force observer. Badge was presented by Princess Julianna of the Netherlands since many Dutchmen where on the course, and Sarah Churchill also attended the ceremony. Upon returning to Great Britain, he retrained as navigator at RAF Halfpenny Green, Lincolnshire and crewed up with 75 Squadron at RAF Mepal on Lancasters. He went on operations over Germany dropping propaganda leaflets, bombing Calais gun emplacements, Kohlen, Stuttgart, Essen, Cologne, Duisburg, Solingen, Koblenz and Dortmund. Discusses social life and keeping in touch with the crew post war, mine laying, anti-aircraft damage, jettisoning stuck bomb over the English Channel, flying conditions and military ethos. After the last tour, he was offered the chance of being a navigator in the BOAC British Overseas Airways Corporation, flying to various locations in Europe, Africa and Middle East including a VIP Lancastrian trip. He got married, demobilised in 1946, and went to work a motor cars designers with Rootes, Castles, Hillman, Sunbeam-Talbot, Peugeot and Chrysler
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2016-06-11
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00:57:08 audio recording
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ALongTCA160611
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Interview with Douglas Robinson
Douglas was in the Local Defence Volunteers before joining the Royal Air Force as a pilot. After Babbacombe, he did initial training at Scarborough and then in Rhodesia. Initial flight training in Harare on Tiger Moths was followed by service training on Oxfords at Bulawayo. Douglas had an eventful passage home when his troop ship, the Oronsay, was torpedoed by Italian submarine Archimede and he spent eight days in a lifeboat.
After returning to the UK, Douglas went to an Operational Training Unit to get crewed up, initially at RAF Wymeswold and then RAF Castle Donington on Wellingtons. He went to RAF Marston Moor and on to 158 Squadron at RAF Lissett on Halifaxes where he describes an encounter with Group Captain Leonard Cheshire. Douglas relates how a rear gunner refused to fly and was court martialled.
Douglas flew three operations to Berlin and on the third took a direct hit. After most of the crew baled, he managed to land in the Netherlands before being taken prisoner. Stalag Luft VI, on the border of East Prussia and Lithuania, was followed by Stalag Luft IV after the Russians approached. For three months Douglas was part of the Long March before being rescued by the 6th Airborne Division and flown back home.
Douglas stayed on for three years after the war. He was posted to RAF Wing and went up to Cosford as a flying officer. He attended a Lancaster Conversion Unit and flew Lancasters. He finished at a development squadron at the Central Signals Establishment. He recalls flying a Lancaster at the first Biggin Hill Air Show in front of Winston Churchill.
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2016-09-11
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01:33:56 audio recording
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ARobinsonD160911
PRobinsonD1601
Winston Churchill's Cigars
A packet of cigars annotated 'Cigars, as smoked by Winston Churchill were given to Ron when he was C.O. of RAF Stanmore Park in 1974 by Sir Herbert Seddon who had been Churchill's private physician'.
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1974
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Wrapped cigars
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PMathersRW1706
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WO Donald Keith Fraser
Donald Keith Fraser's memoir
Memoir describing his life and service career in the RAF. He also gives a list of 29 operations he participated in with notes on specific operations, and recounts a brief history of the Lancaster.
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80 typewritten pages
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BFraserDKFraserDKv1
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Interview with Ronald Davis
Ronald Davis grew up in the East End and worked in London as a solicitor’s office boy. He joined the RAF and trained as a fitter airframe. He was saddened when the pilot of the aircraft he services did not return from operation because they had got along so well. He and the other ground crew would also have to manually light flares to guide the aircraft on to the runway if the Drem lights were covered with snow. He also describes dealing with air crashes and sights that have stayed with him throughout his life.
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2016-08-07
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01:15:05 audio recording
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ADavisRS160807, PDavisRS1604
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Interview with Basil Charles Day
Charles Day lived in Thorpe le Soken until he took up a training position at Blenheim Palace which was Churchill’s childhood home. He recalls seeing Churchill who would welcome visitors to Blenheim for meetings. After volunteering for the RAF Charles began training on wireless and radar at Wooton Bassett. He was then posted overseas to Kenya where he undertook further training and began flying in Baltimore aircraft. When he was posted to Bari he was surprised to see that the Luftwaffe crew had left so quickly their uniforms were still laid out on their beds. Charles undertook seventy five ops supporting the 8th Army. He was posted to the headquarters of Telecommunications Middle East. He was also posted to RAF Medmenham in Buckinghamshire and finished his service at RAF Pembroke Dock.
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2017-06-13
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01:37:16 audio recording
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ADayBC170613
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Cadet 1935-1945 Peter D Stevenson
Peter Stevenson's account of his service in the Officer Training Corps at Grantham and later in the Air Training Corps. Tells of his life in Grantham and the effect of the war on the town. Also his involvement post war in museums and projects to record the wartime activities that took place locally.
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2006
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115 typewritten sheets
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BStevensonPDStevensonPDv1
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
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Interview with Peter Thompson
Peter Thompson is the nephew of Fred Denzel James Thompson. Fred’s father was Churchill’s bodyguard. In 1936 Fred joined the Metropolitan Police Criminal Investigation Department and, following a meeting with Winston Churchill, volunteered as a navigator, despite being in a reserved occupation.
Fred joined the Pathfinder Group at RAF Oakington, flying Stirlings. The crew were together for over 40 missions. Fred received two Distinguished Flying Crosses (DFC). The second one was awarded following an operation to Cologne when the aircraft was badly hit and Fred successfully guided the aircraft back using celestial navigation.
Before receiving the award at Buckingham Palace, Fred volunteered for a special mission to Stuttgart alongside two new crew members. Unfortunately, their aircraft was struck from below and exploded near the village of Minaucourt-le-Mesnil-lès-Hurlus. The bodies were rescued by the French Resistance but given a military funeral by the German commander. Fred’s father blamed Churchill who apologised, regretting Fred’s death. The Commonwealth Graves Commission organised proper graves and memorials for the aircrew. Peter later visited the cemetery and subsequently found out information about the German pilot who later also lost his life.
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2018-11-22
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00:32:00 audio recording
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AThompsonPJ181122
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force.+Bomber+Command">Royal Air Force. Bomber Command</a>
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Interview with Muriel Stoves
Muriel was brought up and went to school in Wolverhampton. From the age of six she had wanted to be a teacher. After high school and training college she became a teacher at Low Hill School, mainly teaching English and religious education. She spoke about rationing and the blackout and remembered a bombing when her friend was killed. Muriel married Bill, a Royal Air Force aircrew, who was the pilot of a B-24. On leaving, Bill did Christian work with the armed forces and they resettled for a period in Hong Kong, living in a home for the blind. Whilst there Muriel taught in a British army school. Muriel said everyone revered Winston Churchill because he was a symbol of safety.
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2018-05-09
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00:33:19 audio recording
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AStovesM180509
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Frederik Willem Kroese
A memoir about Frederik Kroese's wartime activities. There is a brief biography followed by a portrait of Frederik.
Included are photographs of a number of items: his fake ID card, a permit allowing him to use a bicycle, an official numbered armband, photographs of the 'Old Putten' estate, false military documents, foreword and table of contents of a manual dropped by Allied forces, an article by the Dutch Queen to support Dutch still in occupied territories, an article on Churchill's 70th birthday, Allied propaganda leaflets, his Royal Netherlands Army registration and UK certification, German club for veterans, blank ID card, stamps for ID cards, a cartoon and cigarette packet.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Frederik+Willem+Kroese">Frederik Willem Kroese</a>
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One 18 page typewritten document with colour photographs
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Text.+Memoir">Text. Memoir</a>
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MKroeseW19240508-170829-06
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Arthur Harris Notes
Notes written by Arthur Harris to Hamish Mahaddie about Bomber Command. Included is a signed photograph of Arthur T Harris.
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One photograph and two typewritten sheets
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MNealeETH1395951-150731-0850001,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0850002,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0850003
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
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Interview with Roddy MacKenzie
Roddy MacKenzie’s father, Roland, joined the Canadian Royal Air Force in 1942. He trained as a pilot and worked as an instructor in Canada before being posted to RAF Kirmington, where he joined 166 Squadron and received the Distinguished Flying Cross for completing thirty-four operations between April and August 1944. Born in 1948, Roddy grew up with little knowledge of his father’s wartime role. He describes a rare encounter in 1985 when, after sitting in a Lancaster together, Roland opened up about his time as a pilot. He conveyed his respect for flight instructors, the difficulties aircrew faced during operations, and the dangerous consequences that lack of moral fibre caused. In 2017, Roddy met with his uncle to learn more about his father, who died in 1991. Upon hearing a pre-war description that was inconsistent with his own experiences, he postulates that Roland had been traumatised by his service in Bomber Command, thereby explaining Roddy’s struggle to connect with his father. Roddy expresses his opinion regarding the mistreatment of Bomber Command in Canada, compares this to remembrance in Australia, and cites the negative media portrayals that have tainted national memory. He suggests that as discussions are either heavily critical or romanticised, society lacks an understanding of Bomber Command’s contribution to the outcome of the war. In 2018, Roddy visited RAF Kirmington to attended a ceremony to honour 166 Squadron as the official representative for Canada, which introduced several new contacts that allowed him to conduct further research.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Dan+Ellin">Dan Ellin</a>
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2019-05-09
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Tilly+Foster">Tilly Foster</a>
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01:01:31 audio recording
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=44&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=eng">eng</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Sound">Sound</a>
AMacKenzieR190509
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Second+generation">Second generation</a>
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Air+Force">Royal Air Force</a>
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<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=38&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Royal+Canadian+Air+Force">Royal Canadian Air Force</a>
Le Courrier de l'Air #15
Propaganda Leaflet F38
Icreased RAF operations, including 400 Spitfires in one day. Despite losses, new Lancaster bombers inflict damage in broad daylight on Augsburg factories, producing submarine diesel engines and other war equipment. Message of thanks to the aircrews from Churchill to Air Marshal A T Harris, Commander-in-Chief of Bomber Command. Successful American operation against Japan in Andaman Islands and on Tokyo, Yokohama, Kobe and Nagoya.
United States General Marshall’s visit to see Churchill, members of the war cabinet and joint chiefs of staff. American bomber units to be based in Britain. German network of mines along Belgian coast. RAF successfully putting mines in areas which German ships cannot avoid. Several thousand troops extricated from Yenangyaung oil fields in Burma by British and Chinese forces.
Pierre Laval, Head of French Government, purported to be using Abetz’s words in keynote speech. Arbetaren in Stockholm details German losses. Colonel Louis Johnson, President Roosevelt’s personal representative, tells journalists in Delhi about America’s current plans and aims for after the war. Combined Operations reports on successful reconnaissance operation on 22 April near Boulogne, penetrating German defences and damaging trawlers.
Increased RAF bombing capability aimed at range of German cities, fulfilling Churchill’s undertaking on 14 July 1941. Heavy bombing of Lübeck in April 1942 compared and contrasted to Luftwaffe’s bombing of Coventry in November 1940.
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Great+Britain.+Political+Warfare+Executive">Great Britain. Political Warfare Executive</a>
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1942
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Three printed sheets
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MBowkerDG[Ser#-DoB]-151216-080001,
MBowkerDG[Ser#-DoB]-151216-080002,
MBowkerDG[Ser#-DoB]-151216-080003
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La Bataille de l'Atlantique
Propaganda Leaflet F13
Key importance of Battle of the Atlantic outlined by Churchill, Rear Admiral Gadow and Lieutenant Commander Ambrosius in 1941.
Germany’s defence strategy and Britain’s counter-offensive delineated with plans, methods and progress. Despite Britain’s and Allies’ heavy losses up to June 1941, the counter-offensive is causing difficulties for the German submarines.
Photographs of German commanders captured or killed at sea (Prien, Kretschmer, Schepke) and prisoner of war crew. Signs of low morale in submarine crews. French asked to make sure any leave taken at French submarine bases is as difficult as possible.
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1941
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Three printed sheets
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MBowkerDG[Ser#-DoB]-151216-050001,
MBowkerDG[Ser#-DoB]-151216-050002,
MBowkerDG[Ser#-DoB]-151216-050003
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Letter from the Prime Minister to A.O.C.-in-C. Bomber Command on Augsburg operation
Congratulatory letter concerning daylight operation by Bomber Command Lancasters on U-boat factory at Augsburg. 'Undeterred by heavy losses at the outset 44 and 97 Squadrons pierced in broad daylight into the heart of Germany and struck a vital point with deadly precision.' Thanks those who 'accomplished this memorable feat of arms'.
Accompanied by a head and shoulders portrait of Squadron Leader John Nettleton VC who led the operation.
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1942-04-18
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One page typed letter and one b/w photograph
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MCruickshankG629128-150428-06
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Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill with other men, one of them in uniform with a peaked cap.
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One b/w photograph
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PHedgesEC1702
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Thank you letter from Winston Churchill
A handwritten & signed birthday wishes thank you note from Winston Churchill,.
‘Thank you so much for your good wishes on my birthday Winston S Churchill November 30 1949’
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1949-11-30
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One handwritten sheet
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EChurchillWSHarrison[M]491130
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Letter from Bill Akrill to his mother
Bill catches up with domestics, family and friends news. Describes station parade of 2000 men. Now devoting one afternoon a week to station defence. Mentions Winston Churchill and A Sinclair passing through Stanraer. Mentions American in local area and seeing them on invasion exercises when they go near Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland.
Weather is cold and showery and looking forward to leave. About to go into an ENSA concert (adds a note that it was a good musical show). PS bemoaning the fact that he has to put 'props' on his uniform and lots of buttons need sewing on.
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1942-07-06
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Four page handwritten letter
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EAkrillWEAkrill[Mo]420706
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Letter from Bill Akrill to his mother
Bill hopes harvest is going well and complains about food in the camp.
He gives a vivid description of dinghy drill, which was very funny to watch, but got on well with his own swimming and went on to Girvan where he describes what they did on their day off.
Resumes letter the following evening. The parcel has arrived with tomatoes. There is a rumour that they will have to take their exams before getting leave (so six weeks rather than four) and Bill mentions local exams in photography and bombing. He has been bombing and writes of daily routine and that he will probably be unable to attend the service which will be broadcast as he has flying scheduled.
Next page has cartoon drawing of two fighter pilots captioned 'FIGHTER BOYS!'. Mentions Churchill's visits to all over the world. Describes hut 20 drawing which he has taken down from the wall.
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1942-08-19
1942-08-20
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Six page handwritten letter including coloured cartoon.
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EAkrillWEAkrill[Mo]420819
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David Donaldson's CV
Service history of David Donaldson including postings, promotions and awards.
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Three handwritten sheets
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BDonaldsonDWDonaldsonDWv10001, BDonaldsonDWDonaldsonDWv10002, BDonaldsonDWDonaldsonDWv10003
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