History of RAF Hemswell
World War (1939-1945)
Great Britain. Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Outlines the history of RAF Hemswell starting from its origin as RAF Harpswell in 1918 until peacetime operations in the the 50s. The station was equipped with Ansons, then Blenheims. Part of No 3 Group, 61 and 144 Squadrons. Changed to No 5 Group, reequipped with Hampdens. Transferred to No 1 Group. 300 and 301 Squadrons moved in with Wellingtons in 1941. 300 Squadron moved to Ingham and 305 replaced it. Document contains details of various bombing operations. 150 and 170 Squadrons moved in with Lancasters during 1944.
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Three photocopied pages
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MBeltonSLS190305-151120-03
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44 Squadron and the Wesserling Raid 21/22 June 1944
Six page document courtesy of the late Allen White - 44 Squadron Historian. Reproduces narratives from three 44 Squadron crews involved in the operation. Overall the operation lost 37 crews from 120 launched against Wesserling oil refinery near Cologne. 44 Squadron dispatched 16 aircraft of which 6 were lost. Germans successfully interfered with Oboe of pathfinder Mosquito aircraft and the operation disintegrated. First narrative recounts experience of Squadron Leader Cockbain who lost control of his aircraft after attack by night fighter. Some crew baled out before he regained control and after a struggle successfully returned to base. Second narrative recounts experience of Cockbain's flight engineer, Walter Faraday. Reports on damage and that rear gunner is stuck in malfunctioned turret. Describes recovery to base and feelings next day. Final account from this crew is from the mid upper gunner Albert Bracegirdle who baled out and awoke in a forest. After evading he hands himself in due to injury and the fact he is deep in Germany. He notes that two other squadrons on the operation lost six crews. He notes that plan was standard 5 Group low level marking technique but bomb on H2S if no markers. However operation bore the brunt of successful night fighter action. An account of the loss of Pilot Officer R Woods aircraft is given by W/O A Sergeant Royal Australian Air Force. This was their second operation and they were hit by night fighter and had to bale out. Recounts crew struggling with parachutes while others are injured or dead. Three crew members survived and were caught the next day. The final account of the operation is from Sergeant F Preston, one of the only three crew to survive from Pilot Officer J W Sholtz crew. He recounts he was blown clear after the aircraft exploded and opened his parachute and landing with some small injuries. He then headed for southern France. The final account is of Ric Green a navigator on 44 Squadron who did not fly on the attack but reported his feelings the next morning on finding so many crews missing from the previous night. There follows a role of honour for six crews lost on the operation. Notes that the first crew on the list, Flying Officer R Wood Royal New Zealand Air Force was the only Bomber Command crew lost that contained members of all three commonwealth air forces plus a representative from the United States Army Air Force.
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One album page
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PBubbGJ16010131, PBubbGJ16010132, PBubbGJ16010133, PBubbGJ16010134, PBubbGJ16010135, PBubbGJ16010136, PBubbGJ16010137
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Interview with Fred Young
Fred Young volunteered for the Royal Air Force at seventeen and flew operations as a flight engineer with 57 Squadron from RAF East Kirkby. He recounts his experiences on several operations including Berlin, Magdeburg, Leipzig, Essen, Munich, Dresden, and Mailly le Camp. After his first tour he became an instructor before returning to operations, with 8 Group Pathfinders at RAF Oakington. After the war he returned to Birmingham and took up an engineering position before moving into sales and settling in London. He retired at 70 and returned to the Midlands taking up an active role in the British Legion, and writing a book “Where Did My Youth Go?” recounting his experiences during the war years.
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2016-07-20
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01:07:42 audio recording
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AYoungF160720
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More war memories. The RAF bombing raids on Revigny
Describes how his aircraft was shot down on an operation to Revigny by an Me 110 night fighter. He baled out. and was captured. After being interrogated he became a prisoner of war. In February 1944, as the Russians advanced, he and his fellow prisoners took part in the long march to Leukenwalde.
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12 typewritten sheets
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Derrick Allen citation for Conspicuous Gallantry Medal
Account of night 2 November 1944. Sergeant Allen's Lancaster was attacked by night fighter after successful attack on Dusseldorf. Allen opened fire twice and damaged fighter but the Lancaster was badly damaged. Whilst Lancaster was in uncontrolled dive Allen went to the rear and in desperate circumstances released the rear gunner from jammed turret with an axe. The aircraft broke in two he successfully parachuted. Signed by station commander, base 53 commander and air officer commanding 5 group.
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1945-01
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One-page typewritten document mounted on an album page
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New museum in spotlight
Article 1 refers to funding for the Bomber Command museum at Hendon from RAF Swinderby.
Article 2 is a wartime memoir by Ivor Cole, 103 Squadron.
Article 3 describes some of the exhibits at the new Hendon museum.
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1983-07-05
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One newspaper cutting from an album
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Interview with Herbert Adams
Herbert Adams grew up in New South Wales Australia and joined the Air Training Corps as soon as it was established. He later joined the Royal Australian Air Force and after training, he completed a tour of operations as a navigator with 467 Squadron. He describes crewing up, flying operations in Lancasters and his experience of avoiding aerial attack. He recalls the use of navigational aids including Gee, API and H2S. He then became an instructor at RAF Wigsley. He discusses an occasion when Me 110s attacked the airfield. He talks of a Cook's Tour over Germany when others photographed the after effects of the war. He was demobilised back to New South Wales and later taught for the RAAF.
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2017-02-15
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01:53:42 audio recording
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PAdamsHG1704
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Interview with George Crooks
George Crooks was an apprentice electrician before volunteering for the Royal Air Force at the age of eighteen. After his training he served as an armourer with 50 Squadron at RAF Swinderby and later RAF Skellingthorpe. He later worked experimenting with blind bombing and Window. Upon leaving the Royal Air Force he had a holiday in Blackpool where he met his future wife.
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2016-08-17
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00:34:05 audio recording
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Interview with Johnny Johnson. Two
George ‘Johnny’ Johnson was born in rural Lincolnshire. As a child he won a scholarship to Lord Wandsworth’s Agricultural College in Hampshire. He volunteered for the Royal Air Force at the outbreak of the Second World War and was selected for pilot training. He was sent to train in the United States. As he was so keen to get a posting, he trained instead as an air gunner. His first posting was as a spare gunner with 97 Squadron. Then he re-trained as a bomb aimer and was again posted as a spare bomb aimer until he was joined a crew in 617 Squadron to train for the Eder, Möhne and Sorpe operation, when it was still known as Squadron X. His pilot was Joe McCarthy. Their target was the Sorpe dam. That operation was the most memorable of his operational career. He also recounts his remaining years in the Royal Air Force, his second career as an educationist working with adults with severe learning needs and his subsequent role in local politics and as a public speaker.
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2017-08-01
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01:56:39 audio recording
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AJohnsonGL170801-01
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Route plan for no. 5 group Ladbergen March 3rd, 1945
Planned operation on Ladbergen on 3 March 1945. Mandrel screen and window were to be deployed. Captioned 'ROUTE PLAN
FOR No. 5 GROUP
LADBERGEN
MARCH 3RD, 1945'
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One map
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OWoodC1451225-160325-010015
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Bombing instruction signal
Signal to all 5 Group Stations instructing bomb aimers to that the 32 point distributor setting is to be 0.25 seconds until further notice.
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1944-03-30
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One page doucment
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SChattertonJ159568v10005
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Bombing Leader Instruction Signal
Includes 32 point distributor settings and bombing instructions. 4 Lb incendiary v false height load setting. Photo flash settings.
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1944-04-24
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10095
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Bomb aimers briefing 11 March 1945 - Essen
Indicates a single bomb load for operations on 11 March 1945. Includes time on target, preselection settings, false height settings and other notes. Annotated '146 of 5 Group and 800 a/c of other Groups'. On the reverse marking and tactics including Mosquito marking and target indicators, master bomber instructions and other notes.
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1945-03-11
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Two sided form document partially filled in
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SChattertonJ159568v10174, SChattertonJ159568v10175
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44 Squadron Personnel Occurrence Reports - Airmen RAF
Contains lists of promotions, movements and movement corrections for airmen on 44 Squadron.
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1945-02-20
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10194
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Standby for operation broadcast signal 20 January 1944
Signal from 5 Group to all 5 Group Stations stating standby for operations on 20 January. Details A and B bomb loads with preselection settings. On the reverse 'Bombing Leader from Int'.
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1945-01-20
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Two sided document typewritten front and handwritten on reverse
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SChattertonJ159568v10280, SChattertonJ159568v10281
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Statistics form
Form BC/Stats/101 for 24 hours commencing 30 September 1944
Unit 44 Squadron, Lancaster Mk III. Filled in for all other flying 18 day and 5 night. Page is scribbled over with lines.
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One page form document partially filled in
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SChattertonJ159568v10321
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Bomb aimers briefing 14 October 1944 - Brunswick
Shows two bomb loads for ten and seven aircraft respectively. Details preselection settings, weight, Window and broadcast wind information. On the reverse marking plan, bombing instructions and alternative plan.
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1944-10-14
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Two sides front form document partially filled in on the reverse handwritten
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SChattertonJ159568v10373, SChattertonJ159568v10374
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Meteorological reports for cross country flights
Section "B", Sub-Section VIII. Meteorological. Order No. 1
Details meteorological report requirements for flights. Covers rules for making and recording observations in the air, and actions on completion of flights, States that Squadron navigation officers and station meteorological officers are responsible for training of crews.
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10380
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Personnel occurrence report (airmen)
Lists airmen under headings promotions, promotion correction, results of courses, marriages and movements to the unit.
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1944-05-22
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10627
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Signal jettison areas 10 April 1944
Signal indicating bomb jettison areas agreed with Royal Navy. On the reverse some calculations.
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1944-04-10
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Two sides front typewritten document on th=e reverse handwritten
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SChattertonJ159568v10648, SChattertonJ159568v10649
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Personnel occurrence report (airmen)
Lists airmen under headings movements to the unit and movements from the unit
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1943-11-26
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10656
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Personnel occurrence report (airmen)
Lists airmen under heading movements from the unit,
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=E+O+Collcutt">E O Collcutt</a>
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1944-01-17
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10679
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Ernie Twells' recommendation for D.F.C.
A document recommending the award of a Distinguished Flying Cross to Ernie Twells.
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1944-07-12
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One typewritten sheet from a scrapbook
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PTwellsE15070002, PTwellsE15070003
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Interview with Harry Irons. One
Harry Irons left a tailoring apprenticeship to join the Royal Air Force and trained as a wireless operator but actually became an air-gunner. He describes the uniform he wore and the unreliability of heated suits. Discusses the invention of scarecrows which crews believed were sent up by the Germans to distract and demoralise them. Also describes a number of operations including to the Ruhr Valley and a number of daylight operations including Le Creusot (17 October 1942) and Milan (24 October 1942). Goes on to discuss the removal of Perspex from Lancasters to prevent oil from exhausts from affecting visibility, the introduction of radar into the rear turret and it’s quick removal after it was found as used by Germany and Schrage Musik. He returned to tailoring following his retirement from the Royal Air Force.
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2015-07-23
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01:15:35 audio recording
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AIronsH150723
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Bombing leaders instruction signal 22 April 1944
Signal provides weapons settings for tonight. Details distributor, delay and TV settings for bomb sight. Details photo flash and camera settings. Provides specific settings for 52 Base, East Kirby Base and 617 Squadron. Concludes with instructions on wind settings for bomb sight.
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1944-04-22
<a href="/omeka/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Steve+Baldwin">Steve Baldwin</a>
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One-page typewritten document
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SChattertonJ159568v10751
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