3
25
267
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Wynn, Ian Archer
I A Wynn
Description
An account of the resource
146 Items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer Ian Archer Wynn (1908 - 1943, 146838 Royal Air Force). After training as ground crew he remustered as a flight engineer and flew operations with 100 Squadron. He was killed 25 May 1943 on an operation from RAF Grimsby to Düsseldorf. Collection consists of a diary, a memorial book, an official report on what was his final operation, photographs of his crew, his family and the squadron as well as official correspondence from Air Ministry and British Red Cross, letters of condolence and a large number of letters from Ian Wynn to his wife Kathleen. <br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Patrick Anthony Wynn and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. <br /><br />Additional information on Ian Archer Wynn is available via the <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/126116/">IBCC Losses Database.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-07-13
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Wynn, IA
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Postmark]
SLEAFORD
LINCS
22 AUG 1942
[/Postmark]
[Two 1d postage stamps]
MRS K WYNN,
Sunny Brae,
Norley,
[corrected] FRODSHAM, [/corrected]
LANCS.
[page break]
Cranwell.
22-[corrected] 8 [/corrected]-42
[deleted] D [/deleted]
Dearest
Am off on a trip NORTH. Dont [sic] write till [sic] you hear from me
All the Best. Hope you landed back safely.
Love Ian
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Post card from Ian Wynn to his wife
Description
An account of the resource
Writes he is off on a trip and not to write until she hears from him.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-22
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Hand written postcard
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EWynnIAWynnK420822
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Civilian
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
England--Lancashire
England--Warrington
England--Cheshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-22
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ian Archer Wynn
RAF Cranwell
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Wynn, Ian Archer
I A Wynn
Description
An account of the resource
146 Items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer Ian Archer Wynn (1908 - 1943, 146838 Royal Air Force). After training as ground crew he remustered as a flight engineer and flew operations with 100 Squadron. He was killed 25 May 1943 on an operation from RAF Grimsby to Düsseldorf. Collection consists of a diary, a memorial book, an official report on what was his final operation, photographs of his crew, his family and the squadron as well as official correspondence from Air Ministry and British Red Cross, letters of condolence and a large number of letters from Ian Wynn to his wife Kathleen. <br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Patrick Anthony Wynn and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. <br /><br />Additional information on Ian Archer Wynn is available via the <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/126116/">IBCC Losses Database.</a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-07-13
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Wynn, IA
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Envelope]
[underlined] ACTIVE SERVICE [/underlined]
R.A.F. PRIVILEGE ENVELOPE
[Postmark]
FIELD POST OFFICE NO 676
27 AUG
1942
[/Postmark]
[stamp]
R.A.F.
CENSOR
15
[/stamp]
[2 1/2d postage stamp]
ADDRESS
MRS K. WYNN
Sunny Brae,
NORLEY,
WARRINGTON,
LANCS.
ENG
[underlined] Signature Name only Ian A Wynn [/underlined]
[page break]
[Reverse of envelope, no marks.]
[page break]
Hut 9,
A. Camp,
R.A.F.,
Sumburgh
SHETLANDS 25-8-42
Dearest,
Tomorrow I expect you would get the letter that I wrote on Saturday telling you that I had arrived here. It is rather difficult to write a letter because there is so much that is VERBOTEN! Such as comments on the local weather & description of the camp & my work here etc. I can’t tell you much about the Island itself because I have not been
[page break]
[inserted][underlined] 2 [/underlined] [/inserted]
out of camp yet. However I hope to have a day at Lerwick before I leave.
The other chap & I are working like the devil to get our job finished as soon as possible so that we can get back to our own station but dont [sic] think we will be away before next Wednesday. However if you write put your name and address on the back in case of none [sic] delivery. I will wire you when I am about to leave then you will
[page break]
[inserted][underlined] 3 [/underlined] [/inserted]
know where to write to. By the way I should get your letters quicker than you would get mine. It is a two day post up to here.
How are the boys behaving now they are back. I suppose that they have told Grandad all about there [sic] adventures in the sea, on bykes [sic], & on Donkeys etc. I am anxious to know what they did on their last week. & what you did too. By the way how would to [sic] like a pair of “Fair Isle” gloves? I am not promising anything definite though yet.
[page break]
[inserted] [underlined] 4 [/underlined] [/inserted]
There was a funny [deleted] indect [/deleted] incedent [sic] this morning we get the Daily News broadcast at 8 AM over the camp loud speaker system. When it was switched on this morning there was a Record on playing “Home sweet home”.
Well dearest I must Ring off now & Roll into bed.
All my love to you & the Boys.
Yours Ian.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Ian Wynn to his wife
Description
An account of the resource
Writes that he cannot say much due to security. Cannot describe local area as has not been off camp. Says job take until next Wednesday. Asks after children and catches up with family news. Writes of amusing incident.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-25
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Four page handwritten letter and envelope
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EWynnIAWynnK420825
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Civilian
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lancashire
England--Warrington
Scotland--Shetland
England--Cheshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-25
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Ian Archer Wynn
military service conditions
RAF Sumburgh
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Baker, Donald Arthur
D A Baker
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-11-13
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Baker, DA
Description
An account of the resource
187 items. Donald Arthur Baker (b. 1921) travelled from Southern Rhodesia to England in 1940 to join the Royal Air Force. Trained as a pilot in 1941 he was operational with 144 Squadron at RAF North Luffenham flying Hampdens. He was shot down on 5 November 1941 and remained a prisoner of war mostly in Stalag Luft 3 until 1945. He return to farm in Southern Rhodesia after the war. The collection contains letters to his mother throughout the war as well as other correspondence and documents including his prisoner of war log with photographs and notes.
The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by June Baker Maree and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Access Rights
Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status. Access Rights may include information regarding access or restrictions based on privacy, security, or other policies.
Permission granted for commercial projects
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Telegram from Jack Baker
Description
An account of the resource
Pleased good news.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J Baker
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-03
Format
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Handwritten telegram form
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SBakerDA19210428v20091
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe--Manicaland Province
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-03
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/753/31388/BCotterJDPCotterJDPv1.2.pdf
51801623ceddc1937a5f993bda2490ef
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Cotter, John David Pennington
J D P Cotter
Description
An account of the resource
Three items. The collection concerns Wing Commander John Cotter DFC (b. 1923, Royal Canadian Air Force) and contains an oral history interview, his log book and a memoir. He flew operations as a pilot with 158 and 640 Squadrons.
The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by John Cotter and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-08-28
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Cotter, JDP
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
WING COMMANDER JOHN COTTER DFC
EXTRACTS FROM WAR DIARIES AND INFORMATION ON AIRCRAFT CREWS AND LISTS OF BOMBING RAIDS.
ACCOMPANYING ADDITIONS TO ORAL HISTORY INTERVIEW 28th August 2018
[page break]
[underlined] A BOMBER CREW [/underlined]
I arrived at 28 Operational Training Unit, Bomber Command on 23rd February 1943.
The OTU was equipped with Wellington 1c aircraft and located at Wymeswold, near the town of Loughborough in Leicestershire. Most of the aircrew on my course were NCO's – sergeants – all the navigators were Canadian (RCAF). They also all wore the 'O' brevet which indicated that they had been trained as observers, i.e. navigators and bomb-aimers combined. But at this time the Air Force was splitting the duties of navigator and bomb-aimer and we had the new trade of bomb-aimer on our course. Initially most bomb-aimers were commissioned, as it was a new trade, and so most, if not all, the bomb aimers on our course were pilot officers.
There was a great deal of networking among the aircrew to sort themselves out into crews but I let matters take their course and eventually I was allocated a crew. So in my diary for 8th March I have put:
“At teatime in the Mess I met my navigator, a Canadian Called Andy Hicks. He seems a decent sort of chap.”
I think Andy must have been the first person crewed with me as it is not until 17th March that an air gunner, Wally Lomax, a wireless operator, Harry Reid and a bomb-aimer Norman Hawkridge, join the crew. We then started flying together – five of us. On 22nd March I was sent solo in the Wellington and the other 4 seemed quite happy with me. By 30th March we were going out in the evenings together as a crew, all except Norman, the bomb-aimer who lived in the Officers Mess. Anyway that evening we four sergeants went into Loughborough together – to the films (we saw a documentary “Desert Victory” and Alan Curtis in “Remember Pearl Harbour”).
The crew was given its first leave on Sunday 11th April and I invited Andy to come and stay at my home in North West London. Although he came from Calgary he had lost his mother in the Spanish flu epidemic of 1920 and the infant child had been brought over to Truro to be looked after by his grandmother: not returning to Canada until he was 8 years old. I think he had been down to Cornwall on a previous leave so he was glad of a break in London. My younger brother was away in the Air Force so Andy borrowed his civilian clothes for our trips into London. The leave was for 7 days and we packed a lot in during that week as the weather was superb. We met two Canadian friends of Andy who were both in the RCAF but were not aircrew. There is a photograph of the four of us at Hampton Court on a lovely sunny day – Andy and I in civilian clothes and Don and Hal in RCAF uniform. I never saw them again after that leave but Andy knew one of them in Alberta for many years after the War. One night we took my mother to dinner in London and then to the theatre to see Anton Walbrook and Diana Wynyard in “Watch on the Rhine”. We also saw Kay Hammond in 'Blithe Spirit' and a rather weak musical comedy.
2
After that leave Andy made my parents' flat his home and he used to spend half his leaves in Cornwall and half with us. When we got to the Squadron in July we found that crews were sent on leave for 7 days every six weeks. So Andy and I would go to my place for 3 days, then he would go to Paddington Station to catch the “Cornish Riviera” express down to Truro for 3 days. On the 7th day we would meet back in London and travel north together, back to the Squadron. We would always take my mother out to dinner and a show on every leave. At that time there was a very famous comedian called Sid Field and we would take Mother to one of his shows whenever he was appearing in London. Sid Field's female lead was Zoe Gail who used to appear on stage dressed in top hat and tails, complete with cane, singing “I'm Going to Get Lit up when the Lights Go On in London”. There was still a blackout throughout the country. Just after the War Sid Field died and then, some 10 years later, his leading lady, Zoe Gail, was crippled in a car accident. The two of us frequented the best restaurants (such as were still open – there was not much choice). Quite often we would dine at the Ritz Hotel which we could quite afford as no restaurant in wartime was allowed to charge more than 5 shillings for a meal. Hotels, such as the Ritz, would levy a cover charge of around the meal price to stop the riff-raff getting in. The only other crew member we would meet in London on our leaves was Bill Griffiths, our mid-upper gunner. Bill lived in Luton and we used to meet him in London or sometimes go up and stay at his parents' house. His mother was a very nice, attractive lady and she used to look after us very well.
The Canadian Forces had a club in London, just off Trafalgar Square, called the Beaver Club. Andy and I used to go there frequently on our leaves. We would quite often run out of money and we would go down to the RCAF accounts headquarters in Kensington. I would wait outside while Andy went in and drew some of his deferred pay to keep us going. On every leave we would pay at least one visit to a Turkish bath. The establishment we frequented was in Northumberland Avenue, just off Trafalgar Square. There, for a few shillings, we would endure a severe pummelling from the masseurs after going through hot, cold and steam baths. This would be followed by a two or three hour snooze followed by a call with tea and hot-buttered toast. We found it a wonderful tonic for a hangover. When my brother Paul had leave at the same time he would join us on our London escapades. Fortunately he had two suits so he and Andy would share the clothes.
Our flight commander at Wymeswold was Squadron Leader Penman and he was the first proper operational veteran that most of us had met. Penman was one of the survivors of a raid, in August 1942, on Augsburg. This was the last daylight raid by Bomber Command for nearly 2 years and had resulted in very heavy losses as only 5 aircraft, from an attacking force of 12 Lancasters had returned. The raid leader, Sqn. Ldr Nettleton, was awarded the VC and Penman received the DSO.
[page break]
3
At operational training unit crews finished off their course by undertaking a nickel raid. A nickel raid was a simple thing really although sometimes crews did not return. One's plane was loaded with leaflets and you flew across to France, Belgium or Holland and dropped all the leaflets which, I assume, encouraged all the occupied people to keep their chins up. So a nickel was a crew's operational baptism, although a reasonably mild one. My diary for 4th and 5th May 1943 reads:
“Got up about 11. Then went up and had dinner (lunch). After that went across to the link trainer and did an hour and a half which finishes me off (completes my link trainer programme). Then met Andy and found out that we were on a nickel. I nearly fainted! Bags of briefing and panic! Took off at 2130 and reached the (southern) English coast at 2359 where we wasted about an hour flying up and down trying to find Beachy Head (our departure point). Then crossed over to France. We had to drop leaflets on Rouen and we got caught in searchlights and then flak. Was I on pins! We were holed 5 times. Landed at Cranage (an airfield in North West of England) at 0400. Had no sleep at all. Got up at 0800: that is out of the chair that I occupied in the dump that the boys at this station call a Mess. I am still full of last night. Hung around all morning until at 1230 we got permission to take off. We got back to Wymeswold at about 1400 and after depositing our kit we went to the Intelligence Officer for an interrogation. Then to the Mess to proceed to shoot a line to all the boys. I was dog-tired however so Andy and I went and had a shower and then went to bed. Boy! Our first operation over – the 5 of us are walking around like fairies”.
At this stage our mid-upper gunner (Bill Griffiths) and our flight engineer (Mickey Rooney) had yet to join the crew. Bill Griffiths in fact joined us the next day, 6th May, and flew with us for the first time in place of Wally Lomax. On the Wellington we only had one gunner's turret – the rear – whereas we were obviously destined for Lancasters, Halifaxes or Stirlings all of which had positions for two gunners: a mid-upper and a rear gunner. When we arrived at this OTU we were told it normally supplied the Lancaster bomber squadrons.
On the 14th May 1943 we passed out, as a crew, from 28 OTU Wymeswold and we were off on 14 days leave. My diary stops at this time not to be resumed until September and then only for a short time. Anyway Andy came home with me for half the leave and spent the other half in Cornwall. We were posted to 1652 Heavy Conversion Unit at Marston Moor, just outside York. HCU's served to convert crews on to the heavy bombers to be flown on operations and when you passed the HCU course you went straight to your squadron. Marston Moor had been the site of a famous battle. On 2nd July 1644 the Royalist forces of King Charles I had suffered their first major defeat there and, consequently, lost control of York and so the North of England.
4
1652 HCU was one of three HCU's to feed 4 Group so we were not going on Lancasters but Halifaxes. No 4 Group was one of the two bomber groups stationed in Yorkshire – the other was 6 Group, the Canadian group. The Canadian stations were north of York and 4 Group was south and to the east. 6 Group was run by the RCAF but there were Australians, New Zealanders and British serving in the Group. 4 Group was RAF but many Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders and one or two Americans were among our crews.
I was delayed getting to Marston Moor as I was sick at the end of my leave in London so Andy took charge of the crew. And accounts refused to pay them. Andy then went to the Station Warrant Officer to say the crew had no money and was owed 3 weeks pay but he got short thrift from this gnarled old pre-war NCO who probably thought these pip-squeak young sergeant aircrew were a damned nuisance. Just as Andy was protesting the Commanding Officer's door opened and out came the CO – Group Captain Leonard Cheshire, later a VC. He asked Andy the trouble, then turned to the SWO “See that these men are paid at once”. “Yes Sir!” said the SWO standing to attention. Cheshire at that time was 27 and a renowned bomber ace. He had been sent on a public relations tour of the United States and had come back to England with an American bride. This was Constance Binney who was 17 years older than Cheshire and a well-know Broadway actress. Some of the crew, I think Harry, Wally and Bill, were hitch-hiking back from York one day and they were picked up by Miss Binney whom they described as a very fragrant lady.
When I arrived at Marston Moor the crew introduced me to Mickey Rooney our flight engineer who was just joining us and now the crew was complete. I only had two instructors converting me to the Halifax: Sqn. Ldr Hadyn RAAF and Flt Lt Fisher, both very good. Shortly after we started flying the Halifax all the pilots were loaded into a 15cwt truck and driven east across Yorkshire. We were all going on a real operation that night, flying as second pilots. There were about six of us and one of us was dropped off each at a separate squadron base. Eventually I was the only one left on the truck and I was driven to the most easterly airfield – Lisset the home of 158 Squadron. The raid was to Cologne and I was put with Sgt ‘Bluey’ Mottershead and his crew. I had nothing to do, of course, but to sit in the right-hand seat and watch. Thank goodness our flight was uneventful: the weather was clear, the city was on fire long before we reached it and we did not come across any fighters. But Bomber Command lost 27 aircraft that night with 156 aircrew killed. When we turned for home after bombing I was so exhausted with the tension that I started to fall asleep. Bluey told me to go back and sleep on the rest bed and the next thing I knew was when the wheels touched the runway back at Lisset. Returning westwards in the 15cwt I was eventually joined by the others: we had all come through!
[page break]
5
Towards the end of July the course finished and my crew was posted to 158 Squadron where I had just been. Lisset is near the East Yorkshire coast and just south of the seaside resort of Bridlington. We travelled across to Lisset on Thursday 22nd July in another 15cwt truck to start our operational career and it was a nice sunny summer day. I recall we stopped and bought strawberries at a wayside stall on the way over. It was fairly late when we arrived at the Squadron base – I think about 2230. In those days the blackout and the absence of all road signs throughout Britain made road journeys rather long and tedious. Norman went off to the officers’ quarters and we six sergeants were allocated a Nissan hut as our very own. I think all six of us then drifted along to the Mess in search of something to eat. It was quite a sight when we reached it as there had just been a dance. Various chaps were occupying all the mess settees, accompanied by Waafs (Womens Auxiliary Airforce) with greatcoats covering their antics. The floor of the anteroom was covered in debris: cigarettes, glasses and beer spillages. At the far end of the long room a combined snooker and crap game seemed to be in progress with about 20 participants dominated by a tall, blonde flight sergeant dressed in the dark blue of the Australian Air Force. Six weeks later, after the Squadron Commander and one of the 3 Flight Commanders had been lost, that Australian had jumped 5 ranks to Squadron Leader and was our Flight Commander; remaining so nearly until the end of our tour.
Friday 23rd July was spent settling in and flying one of the Squadron aircraft for about 4 hours on a handling flight. Then, the next day, we were off on our first trip for the start of what became known as the Battle of Hamburg. This was the first of 4 successive attacks on the City in 9 days. This operation was notable for a new defensive device carried by the bombers called “Window”. Window consisted of small metallic strips of foil that were thrown out of each aircraft as it approached the target area. Harry, the wireless operator, had the job of throwing out the window strips, thousands came from each of the Wellingtons, Stirlings, Halifaxes and Lancasters taking part in this operation. Window confused the German ground and airborne radar and so we only lost about 12 aircraft that night, including one from our squadron.
We took off around 2200 and Andy expertly navigated us to Hamburg, although once we were within 50 miles of the City the fires on the ground indicated the target. I was the only one of the crew to cause a problem that night on our first proper operation. As we were running in over the target Norman found the bomb release did not work. After we had passed over the City with the bombs still on board Mickey, the engineer, came up to the cockpit to see what was wrong. I had pushed the bomb door lever down instead of pulling it up to open the doors. By now we were well to the north east of Hamburg and heading towards Lubeck. Instead of turning straight for home and safety we turned and completed a large circuit round the burning city and some half hour later we were on our second bombing run and this time I operated the lever correctly. When we bombed everyone else had finished and long since cleared the area. We should have been a
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sitting duck for the night fighters but all those metallic strips floating in the air must have protected us. We took part in all four raids to Hamburg, although we aborted one operation when we turned back with engine trouble.
Lisset was a typical airfield built during the War with accommodation in well-dispersed Nissan huts. We 6 sergeants were in our own hut some half mile from the Sergeants Mess. The hut was heated by a coke-burning stove and was not too comfortable. We were saved by meeting Company Sergeant-Major Albert Hawkins. CSM Hawkins, known to all as 'Q', was in the Tank Corps and he was in charge of an Army sergeants mess located in a very nice house on the seafront in Bridlington. He persuaded his Mess to adopt our crew and from then on we lived and messed with the Army. Q provided us with transport whenever we were needed at the airfield but most of the time we were in Bridlington. By Christmas Day 1943 both Andy and I, as well as Norman, were commissioned but we spent the day with the Army serving Xmas dinners to all the squaddies.
When we arrived on 158 the Squadron was commanded by Wg. Cdr T.R. Hope, DFC. He was a big, bluff, likeable officer : a pre-war civil pilot. But we hardly knew him as some 3 weeks after our arrival he failed to return from a trip to Nuremburg. And, after another 3 weeks Sqn. Ldr Elliott, one of the flight commanders, also failed to return. The new squadron commander was the highly decorated Wg.Cdr. Jock Calder, DSO, DFC.
The station commander was Group Captain John Whitley, DSO. He had been shot down earlier in the War, evaded, and walked across the Pyrenees to Spain and freedom. He used to regale us with the story of the powerful American footballer in his evading party who had collapsed crossing the mountains – [underlined] because he was not fit [/underlined]. To this end he would have us running around the perimeter track on the occasional non-operational day. Fortunately our crew missed most of these exercises as we were probably lurking with the Army in Bridlington.
One crew who had been with us both at Wymeswoold and at Marston Moor had also arrived at 158. This was Sgt Doug Robinson and crew. Our favourite watering hole in Bridlington was the Brunswick and one night our two crews were there together. Doug's navigator was a Canadian, Dave Rosenthal, and he happened to say to me that if he was shot down he would not stand much chance as he was Jewish. It was the first time I began to think about what was happening to the Jews of Europe and then some weeks later Doug and crew failed to come back from Berlin.
By October 1943 our crew had completed 13 operations. I had now been promoted to flight sergeant and very pleased I was: my pay had gone from 12/6 to 16/6d a day. In the middle of that month David Leicester, our flight commander, asked us to travel to an
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airfield in the South of England to ferry back an aircraft that had been repaired. We jumped at the chance as this meant a night in London on the way down. My diary again:
“Up at 0830 (in the Army sergeants mess in Bridlington). The weather rotten but we had to go back to camp. Leicester asked me to take the crew down and collect a kite from Middle Wallop. We had to go by train from Hull. Norman went home to Leeds but the rest of the boys came with me. We had to stand in the train all the way from Doncaster to London. Got to London at 1930 and went along to the Regent Palace hotel and booked two double rooms. Bill and I had one room and we smuggled Wally into it and Andy and Harry got Mickey into their room.”
The point of this is that, in those days, a single room in the Regent Palace was 12/6d and a double was 19/6d, so we saved ourselves a few pennies. We slept three to a bed in the two rooms and in the middle of the night the air raid sirens went off. I don't know about Andy's room but in our room there was panic with all three of us trying to dive under the bed. Although my diary does not say as much, I have no doubt that our nerves were brittle because we had been out on the town that night and we probably all were a little smashed. My diary for the following day, Monday 18th October 1943, reads:
“Caught a bus for Andover at 0900 and we had to stand all the way for the two hour journey. At Andover had to find another bus to get us to Middle Wallop which turned out to be a night fighter base. After a lunch and messing about all afternoon found we could not take off. So we all had tea and went down to Andover to the movies. Saw Lana Turner in 'Slightly Dangerous'. Harry and I missed the last bus back to camp and we had to stay in the White Hart Hotel for the night which cost me 12/6d, all the money I had.”
What Harry Reid and I were doing to miss the bus I have forgotten but I expect we were up to no good!!
Diary for the 19th October :
“Harry and I caught the 0825 bus to Middle Wallop and heard that we could take off straight away. Got back to Lisset at 1200 to learn we were on ops. So had dinner and went up to the billet (spelt 'billett' throughout my diaries) to get changed. Wally reported sick so we were given a spare gunner. Got briefed and the target was Augsburg. Had ops meal and then went to locker room. Norman had not turned up but luckily the op was scrubbed. Met Norman on the way to Q's (CSM Hawkins our Army friend in Bridlington) So he came down with us. He had only just got back from Leeds.”
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Another diary entry is for Saturday 30th October 1943. This must have been one of the rare nights the crew slept at the RAF base rather than with the Army in Bridlington:
“Got up at 0610, washed, dressed and had breakfast. Went down to the flights at 0900. Once again there were ops on so went out (to the aircraft) to do my D.I. (inspection). After that went up to the billet and got changed into battledress (obviously when we got up that morning we had dressed in our walking-out uniform expecting to Saturday off and a trip into Bridlington). Then had lunch and went down with Andy to navigation briefing. Once again target was Leverkusen. Went to main briefing at 1400 and then had lunch. Take off was 1630 so we went out to the kite and we were all ready when it was scrubbed. So Any, Wally and I stayed in and lit a fire. Later Andy and I went down to The Bull for a drink. It was more like a brothel than a pub”.
It looks, from the above that we had two lunches that day. In fact the second lunch would have been our take-off meal. Our crew, of course, very rarely used the local pubs in Lisset. The Bull, which I do not remember, must have been packed that Saturday night with Waafs and aircrew.
August 1943 was a bad month for the Squadron with 15 aircraft lost, 9 of these on two raids to Berlin (or the 'Big City' as it was known to the crews). It was an intensive month for Bomber Command with the last of the raids to Hamburg at the start, followed by the attack on the rocket installations at Peenemunde and rounding off with the first Berlin offensive to close. On a beautiful summer evening on 2nd August we were briefed for the 4th successive attack on Hamburg to the announcement that only the brothel and residential areas had not been destroyed and they were our target. Most of us gave a cheer at this news.
I think it is fair to say that most of our crew thoroughly enjoyed squadron life. In wartime Britain operational aircrew lived very well and, provided one could cope with the constant danger, it was a life of Riley. Consider:
Before every operation crews were given a super meal consisting of cholesterol building agents – eggs, bacon, chips etc.
On return from an operation we were greeted in the debriefing room by Waafs with mugs of coffee liberally laced with navy rum. And if you smiled sweetly at the Waafs you might get a second mug at the end of the debriefing.
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If successful in getting the second helping of rum you then tottered out of the briefing room to another meal of eggs, bacon, chips and increased cholesterol.
7 days leave came round ever 6 weeks.
At a time when petrol for pleasure motoring was banned aircrew were an exception as we were allowed enough petrol to run our cars and motor bikes.
Lord Nuffield, the motor magnate, sponsored a scheme whereby aircrew could stay at many of the best hotels in the country at a 50% discount.
In October Andy Hicks was commissioned and my own commission came through a few weeks later. Our final operation for 1943 was an attack on Leipzig on 3rd December (my diary stops in October so I now rely on memory.) Christmas was spent with our Army friends in Bridlington and we were only involved in training flying until the end of the year. Part of this training was to convert to a new Halifax, the Mark 3, which had better engines and an improved performance. 158 squadron consisted of 3 flights and our crew in C Flight was commended by the aforementioned Squadron Leader David Leicester, the blonde Australian flight sergeant we had noticed on our arrival at Lisset the previous July.
At the beginning of 1944 C Flight, together with our new Halifaxes, left 158 Squadron to become A Flight of a new Squadron – 640 – based at Leconfield. We left behind the temporary, wartime airfield at Lisset, with its Nissan huts and winter warmth provided by coke stoves and moved to a pre-war permanent station with brick buildings and central heating. Leconfield is about 30 miles from Lisset near the ancient market town of Beverley with its 10th century minster. At the time of the move our crew was on leave, with Andy and I down in London with my mother. I think we had also spent a night or two of that leave with Bill Griffiths and his parents at Luton, 35 miles north west of London. We came back to our new base, with its creature comforts, where Andy, Norman and I took up residence in one of the pre-war married officers quarters. We had, at this stage, completed 20 operations – more than halfway through our assumed tour of 30. We had to say goodbye to our good friends in the Tank Corps at Bridlington and settle into a new social life centred on Beverley and the North Sea fishing port of Hull a little further away.
Possibly our social life was now more focused on the Officers Mess where there was a lot of activity. Whereas 158 had been the only squadron at Lisset our new base was home to two squadrons: 640 with crew members from the RAF, the RCAF, the RAAF and the RNZAF and even one USAAF officer; and 466 an RAAF squadron with mainly Australian aircrew but a few British, Canadians and New Zealanders thrown in. Our
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station commander was Group Captain Waterhouse who had been one of the 3 officers sent over to Canada in August 1939 to help start the Empire Air Training Scheme. He had come back home with a lovely Canadian wife who lived on base. Our squadron commander was Wing Commander 'Ruby' Eayrs who had returned from a posting in Australia. With 2 squadrons on the base there was a great deal of rivalry that used to culminate in Mess games on non-flying nights.
Our time with 640 included the second Berlin offensive in February, that also included an attack on Leipzig, and the notorious Nuremberg raid at the end of March when the Command suffered very heavy losses. In early March I was called in to see Ruby Eayrs and questioned about my tour up until then. Some two weeks later I had finished a comfortable lunch and was fast asleep in one of the deep mess armchairs when I was woken by Alan Smart. I had just been awarded an immediate DFC, the first decoration to be awarded on our new squadron. A little later I was called once more to see the squadron commander, to be told that my crew had been awarded a further three decorations and I had to recommend the recipients. This was an extremely hard task but I eventually put forward Andy Hicks, Mickey Rooney and Bill Griffiths. So Andy received the DFC and Mickey and Bill the DFM. In truth all the crew had earned these decorations.
Our crew completed 13 trips at Leconfield, finishing with an operation to Düsseldorf on 22nd April. As it was the period just before D-day we completed slightly more operations than the normal 30, our extra sorties being attacks on French targets – mainly rail junctions. Norman Hawkridge, our bomb-aimer , had left us the previous month when he had been sent on a bombing leader's course. This is why Norman does not appear in the crew photograph, taken that April outside the house at Leconfield where Andy and I lived.
The sad thing about that last operation was that two crews were on their final sortie that night. Colin Penfold, a New Zealander, and his crew had joined 158 Squadron at the same time as us and had moved with us to 640. They were lost over Düsseldorf with all the crew killed except the second pilot who managed to bail out just in time.
Looking back there is no doubt that we were blessed with good fortune during our squadron life. We had no serious combats with German fighters and although occasionally coned in searchlights we had always broken free. Colleagues, such as lan Smart had fought off night fighter attacks and sustained severe aircraft damage whereas we were very lucky. We would fly towards or away from the target watching others of our bombers being shot down either side of us.
Quite early on in our tour we had adopted our own tactics which may have helped. A Bomber Command operation in 1943 and early 1944 would usually consist of about six
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waves following the pathfinders who would be in the lead. Waves would be allocated a specific time and height over the target, they would be separated by around 10 minutes and would have a bombing window of about 5 minutes.
After take off aircraft would climb to bombing height and set course from an assembly point: Goole for the northern bomber groups if flying east, or Reading if going south east. Bombing height was around 22000 feet for the Halifax 3 and crews were briefed to fly out at that altitude. However, we usually flew much lower, at about 8000 feet, on the premise that the German aircraft would sooner hunt in the main stream above us than try to pick off the odd single aircraft. Some ten minutes before the target we would climb up to the correct height, bomb and descend when well clear of the area.
Just before our final trip we attended a briefing by an intelligence officer from Command who told us that only three large German cities remained free from attack: Chemnitz, Breslau and Dresden and that all would be bombed eventually. And during the War I never heard anyone, service or civilian, object to the policy of saturation bombing. We all admired our Commander in Chief. He was known to the bomber crews as Butch Harris, not Bomber Harris.
Our crew was now dispersed: I was sent to Scotland to a training unit and Andy went to a similar station in the West Country. But we arranged our leaves to coincide so that Andy spent half of each leave in North London with us and the other half in Truro. When news came through that my brother had been killed at Boundary Bay in Canada I was in the North of Scotland but Andy went to my home immediately to help my mother handle the shock.
In September 1944 I had to attend an investiture for the award of my DFC and, as I was serving in Scotland, the ceremony took place at Holyrood House in Edinburgh while the King was in residence there. I was allowed to invite two guests and Andy brought my mother up from London.
Our last meeting, before Andy returned to Canada, was on 2nd July 1945 when he was best man at my wedding. Bill Griffiths was the only other crew member to attend that day. Andy had been due to return home earlier in the year but he delayed for the wedding. On our wedding night Margaret and I were staying at a London hotel after leaving the reception. When we went out to eat later that evening we found that Andy, together with another guest, Lois Hammerbeck, had come to the West End and tracked us down to the restaurant where they joined us.
After the War the crew went their separate ways:
[underlined] John Cotter [/underlined] remained in the RAF until 1962. He then flew with an airline until finally retiring in 1983. He now lives in Brighton.
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[underlined] Andy (Vic) Hicks [/underlined] returned to Canada and worked in accountancy and the hotel industry. He eventually retired to Calgary where he died in 1997.
[underlined]Norman Hawkridge [/underlined] worked in banking and insurance before retiring to Cumbria. Norman died on 20th May 2005.
[underlined]Harry Reid [/underlined] was demobilized in Rhodesia where he was stationed. He worked on the railways but he and his family returned to the UK in 1961. Harry died in 1998.
[underlined]Mickey Rooney [/underlined] stayed in the RAF and was commissioned. He was killed in an aircraft accident c1950.
[underlined]Bill Griffiths [/underlined] emigrated to Australia in 1961. After some years of ill-health Bill died in 2003.
[underlined]Wally Lomax [/underlined] returned to Lancashire and died in 2001.
Other personalities mentioned:
Sqn. Ldr. Penman DSO, DFC remained in the RAF after the War. He died in 2004.
[underlined] David Leicester DFC* [/underlined] completed his tour 3 weeks before I did. He went straight to a Lancaster conversion unit and then to a pathfinder squadron – No. 35. After completing 68 operations, without a break, he returned to Australia in January 1945. On applying to Qantas he was found to be unfit for civil flying and he left aviation. He is now retired and lives in Adelaide.
[underlined] Wg. Cdr. T. Hope DFC [/underlined] was shot down over Belgium on a raid to Nuremburg. Only 3 crew members survived to be taken prisoner: Hope, his flight engineer and mid-upper gunner. After the War Hope resumed his civil flying career as Chief Pilot with Scottish Aviation.
[underlined] Sqn. Ldr. Neil Elliott [/underlined] was shot down on a raid to Berlin on a night when the Squadron losses were 20%. His 2 gunners were lost and the rest of the crew became prisoners. Neil Elliott stayed in the RAF and when I went through Staff College in 1958 he was on the directing staff. He died of a heart attack in the 1960’s.
[underlined] Wg. Cdr. Jock Calder DSO*, DFC [/underlined] completed his second tour as CO of 158. In 1958 he was on the same course as me at Staff College. He died in 1997.
[underlined] Gp. Cpt. John Whitley DSO [/underlined] retired from the RAF in 1962 as an Air Marshal. I met him several times after the War. A very nice man.
[underlined] Gp. Cpt. Leonard Cheshire VC, DSO** DFC [/underlined] became a legend in Bomber Command and received the VC. After the War he founded the Cheshire Homes. He was the Principal Speaker at the first 4 Group Dinner I attended in 1992. He died a few years later.
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[underlined] Douglas Robinson. [/underlined] Just after the War I was a flying instructor at Moreton-in-Marsh and we were refreshing returned ex-pow pilots. Low and behold Doug Robinson appeared on the course and later, when he worked in teaching, he would bring cadets to the RAF for annual camps and we met a couple of times. He published a book in 1997 from which I found that Doug had had a very tough war – in sharp contrast to my own lucky run. On returning from training in South Africa his boat was torpedoed off the West African coast and Doug spent 8 days in an open boat. Midway through his tour his crew was about to go on leave when they were called out for an attack on Berlin. His aircraft was badly damaged by flak and the crew had to bale out over Holland. The flight engineer’s parachute had been destroyed so Doug stayed with the engineer and crash-landed the aircraft in a field. If anyone deserved a gallantry medal he did, but he did not get one. And he did not have a very pleasant time in prison camp.
[underlined] Dave Rosenthal. [/underlined] After prison camp Dave returned to Canada and I met him again at a 158 reunion in the ‘90’s.
[underlined] ‘Bluey’ Mottershead. [/underlined] ‘Bluey’ completed his tour and was awarded the DFC. After the War he formed the 158 Association and ran the squadron reunions for many years.
[underlined] Alan Smart DFC [/underlined] Alan completed his tour and after the War returned to commerce in the Hull area. Alan died on 3rd October 2002.
[underlined] ‘Ruby’ Eayrs DFC. [/underlined] Retired from the RAF as a Group Captain. He merited a long obituary in the Telegraph when he died in 1992.
[underlined] Crew Operations: [/underlined]
1. 28 OTU 4/5/43 Rouen - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Lomax
2. 158 Sqn 28/6/43 Cologne – Cotter (2nd pilot with another crew)
3. 158 Sqn 24/7/43 Hamburg – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/ Reid/Rooney/ Griffiths/Lomax Log book records – Fighters none seen, Flak negligible, Weather good, Large fires, Bomb Load 1 x 2000 lb. 12 Aircraft lost. Landed Eastmoor short of fuel.
4. 158 Sqn 29/7/43 Hamburg – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax Flack negligible, Heavy concentrations of searchlights, Weather clear over target, Large fires south of City. 30 aircraft lost.
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5. 158 Sqn. 2/8/43 Hamburg – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. 10/10 cloud over target, Heavy thunderclouds up to 20000 feet, AA barrage, No fighters seen, Fires scattered over target area, Bombed heaviest concentration, Bomb load – 2x1000 48x30 630x4lb 31 aircraft lost
6. 158 Sqn. 9/8/43 Mannheim - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. More than half cloud over target, Fighter encountered over Boulogne, Landed Barford St John fuel short, 16 aircraft lost
7. 158 Sqn. 17/8/43 Peenemunde - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Weather clear, Smoke screen over target, Bright Moon, Flak negligible, Searchlights nil, No combats seen, Bombed @ 0013 – 1x2000 1x1000 6x500lb, Landed Wymeswold, 41 aircraft lost
8. 158 Sqn. 22/8/43 Leverkusen - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Full cloud over target, AA barrage, 2 fighters & 1 combat seen over target. No pathfinder markers seen, 5 aircraft lost.
9. 158 Sqn. 16/9/43 Modane Italy - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Ran into heavy cloud 30 minutes from target. Forced to turn back owing to severe icing over Alps. 5 aircraft lost.
10. 158 Sqn. 22/9/43 Hannover - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Large concentrations of searchlights ringed round target. Flak heavy in cones, 5 British aircraft seen going down over target, weather good, large fires. 31 aircraft missing.
11. 158 Sqn. 23/9/43 Mannheim - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Searchlights heavy, flak cooperating with them, many fighters over target, heavy fires seen, weather good, 2 engines cut on landing approach, fuel short. 37 aircraft missing.
12. 158 Sqn. 27/9/43 Hannover - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Good weather, searchlights and fighters cooperating effectively over target, 38 aircraft missing, landed at Downham Market.
13. 158 Sqn. 29/9/43 Bochum – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax/plus Sgt Cipriani as 2nd pilot. Good visibility over target, heavy concentrations of searchlights, little flak, no fighters seen, heavy fires in target area, 8 aircraft missing.
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14. 158 Sqn. 3/10/43 Kassel - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Weather clear, defences weak over target, attack well concentrated, 24 aircraft missing.
15. 158 Sqn. 4/10/43 Frankfurt - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Cloudy over continent, target clear, large numbers of searchlights surrounding target, successful prang, 12 aircraft missing.
16. 158 Sqn. 23/10/43 Kassel - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus Flt Sgt Vicary as 2nd pilot. Flying in cloud most of way but target clear, defences moderate, no combats seen, landed Catfoss, 44 aircraft missing.
17. 158 Sqn. 3/11/43 Dusseldorf - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus Flt Sgt Edwards as 2nd pilot. Full cloud en route but target clear, no flak, searchlights weak owing to ground mist, many combats sighted, fires well concentrated, 19 aircraft missing.
18. 158 Sqn. 22/11/43 Berlin - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus Sqn. Ldr. McCormack as 2nd pilot. Full cloud below us over whole of Germany, heavy flak at defended areas along the route, especially Hannover, bombed on Wanganui flares, 26 aircraft missing.
19. 158 Sqn. 25/11/43 Frankfurt - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Full cloud over target, flak nil, no fighters seen, fires rather scattered, 13 aircraft missing.
20. 158 Sqn. 26/11/43 Stuttgart - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus F/O Thompson supernumerary. Heavy searchlight defences over Frankfurt, many combats sighted, also combats over Frankfurt, heavy flak over target, flak damage sustained over Saarbruken, landed Tangmere, 32 aircraft missing. (Flying Officer Thompson was a schoolmaster and officer in the Air Training Corps and he had a gammy leg due to a World War I wound. The crew thought he was pretty brave to come on an operation like this as a volunteer).
21. 158 Sqn. 3/12/43 Leipzig - Cotter/Hicks/Portsmouth/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus Sgt Wisbey as 2nd pilot. Many combats sighted en route out, full cloud over target, accurate flak over Dessau, 24 aircraft missing.
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22. 640 Sqn 30/1/44 Berlin – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Wong/Salvoni/Lomax. Full cloud over target and all Europe, many rockets seen over target but no combats, number 5 and 6 tanks froze up, (water in fuel) landed Little Snoring, have lost 247 gallons, 33 aircraft missing.
23. 640 Sqn 15/2/44 Berlin – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus F/O Cameron as 2nd pilot. Full cloud over target, bombed on Wanganui flares, no combats, flak ineffective, very quiet for Berlin, bomb load all incendiaries, 43 aircraft missing.
24. 640 Sqn 19/2/44 Leipzig - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus Flt Sgt Burke as 2nd pilot. Full cloud over target, ran into heavy searchlight at Emden, missed markers and hit Berlin, many combats seen, 79 aircraft missing.
25. 640 Sqn 20/2/44 Stuttgart – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Stilliard. Moderate cloud over target, fires well concentrated, flak moderate, quiet trip, 10 aircraft missing.
26. 640 Sqn 24/2/44 Schweinfurt - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus Lt Kornegay USAAF as 2nd pilot. Clear over target, fires well concentrated, flak heavy, searchlights weak, combats seen en route, 35 aircraft missing.
27. 640 Sqn 6/3/44 Trappes – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. No opposition at all, Bombed railway lines with 12,000lbs HE, aiming point photograph.
28. 640 Sqn 7/3/44 Le Mans – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. A little heavy flak over target, bombed railways through heavy cloud cover, bomb load 11,500lbs.
29. 640 Sqn 15/3/44 Stuttgart – Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Austen plus Flt Lt Cassells as 2nd pilot. Much cloud en route, heavy opposition from fighters, landed at Westcot, 40 aircraft missing.
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30. 640 Sqn Nuremberg – Cotter/Gray/Sproulle/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Half cloud cover en route, fighter opposition heavy in extremes, opposition fierce over target, coned at Calais on home route, 96 aircraft missing. *See note.
31. 640 Sqn Paris – Cotter/Hicks/Sproulle/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Full moon, attacked marshalling yard at Villeneuve, souther suburbs, flak moderate, 11 aircraft missing.
32. 640 Sqn Tergnier – Cotter/Hicks/Broadbent/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Full moon, clear over target, no fighters seen, rocket flak bursting at 12,000ft on route out. 22Aircraft missing.
33. 640 Sqn Tergnier - Cotter/Hicks/Broadbent/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax. Marshalling yards bombed, aiming point on photo, rockets seen in bomber stream, 14 aircraft missing.
34. 640 Sqn Dusseldorf - Cotter/Hicks/Sproulle/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax plus P/O Maxwell as 2 nd pilot. Searchlights numerous but no flak, no combats, weather good, 42 aircraft lost.
[underlined] Aborted Operations [/underlined]
1. 27/7/43 Hamburg - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax
Turned back before enemy coast with one engine surging badly.
2. 24/8/43 Berlin - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax
Turned back before enemy coast with rear gunner's oxygen supply unserviceable.
3. 8/10/43 Hannover - Cotter/Hicks/Hawkridge/Reid/Rooney/Griffiths/Lomax
An engine failed just after take-off
The second pilots shown above were new arrivals on the Squadron and the procedure was they were sent out on one trip with an experienced crew before operating on their own. Also, a number of other crew members flew with me during the tour and all non-regular crew members are shown below:
18
Sgt Cipriani RAF - Later killed in action 22/10/43
F/Sgt Vicary RAAF – Later bailed out over UK 16/2/44 and left the Squadron
F/Sgt Bush RAAF – Shot down, POW 31/3/44
P/O Portsmouth RAF – Completed tour
F/Sgt Edwards RAAF – Later killed in action 20/12/43
S/Ldr McCormack RAAF – Shot Down, POW, 29/1/44
F/O Thompson ATC – Schoolmaster
Sgt Wisbey RAF – Killed in action 28/6/44
Sgt Wong RAF – Completed tour
F/O Salvoni RAF – Killed in action
F/O Cameron RCAF Killed in action 17/6/44
F/Sgt Burke RCAF – Killed in action 31/3/44
Sgt Stilliard RAF – Killed in action 31/3/44
Lt Kornegay USAAF - Completed tour
F/Lt Cassels RAF – Completed tour
F/O Austen RAF – Shot down, POW, 31/3/44
W/O Gray RCAF – Completed tour
F/Lt Sproulle RAF – Completed tour
F/Sgt Broadbent RAF - Completed tour
P/O Maxwell – Not known
[underlined] Note. Nuremburg. [/underlined] Once again we had a trip without running into any opposition. Norman had gone off on his bombing leaders' course so Tommy Sproulle, the Squadron Bombing Leader, came with us. Andy was also away and was replaced by a Canadian navigator on his first trip. It was a moonlight night and all the way out and back we saw combats to the east of us with our aircraft invariable going down in flames. Because I had the Bombing Leader on board I flew at the briefed operating height, mixed in with the stream. Shortly before we reached the final turning point for Nuremburg the navigator was unsure of his position. Then I saw target indicators going down ahead and told the crew that I had Nuremburg in sight, even though we were some 15 minutes ahead of ETA. Tommy bombed on the markers and we set course for home for a personally uneventful return. Then as we flew north over Lincolnshire all the airfield lights were out and at Leconfield the Drem flarepath had to be turned on for us. We were 30 minutes ahead of ETA because we had bombed Schweinfurt instead of Nuremburg. Our squadron lost 3 aircraft with 18 killed. All the Captains were RCAF including Jim Laidlaw, married the month before, and F/Sgt Burke who had flown with me only a few weeks earlier. In total the Command had 545 men killed.
JDC/Revision 2/Jun 05
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Extracts from war diaries and information on aircraft crews and lists of bombing operations
Description
An account of the resource
Describes training and crewing up at operational training unit on Wellingtons. Mentions staying in London on leave with RCAF colleague, using the Canadian forces club London and dining at the Ritz. Includes diary entry describing operational baptism. Continues with coverage of training at heavy conversion unit and eventual posting to 158 Squadron. Describes first operations to Hamburg n detail as well as life at RAF Lissett. Relates story of being detailed to ferry an aircraft back from an airfield in the south of England and spending a day in London. Continues recounting other events from diary and mention that squadron lost 15 aircraft in August 1943. Mentions last operation in 1943 and getting his commission, converting to new Halifax and transfer to 640 Squadron at RAF Leconfield. Writes of life on new station and in officers mess. Comments of some of the operations flown and awards of decorations to him and his crew. Mention his last operation to Düsseldorf. Writes about his crew's tactics and dispersal of crew after finishing his tour of operations and their subsequent history. Covers history of other individuals named in the memoir. List crew operations with comments on losses. Follows a list of non-regular crew members he flew with during his tour. Concludes with account of his operation to Nuremburg including mention of aircraft lost.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Cotter
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-08-28
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Nineteen page printed document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
BCotterJDPCotterJDPv1
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Australian Air Force
Royal New Zealand Air Force
Royal Canadian Air Force
United States Army Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--London
England--Truro
England--Leicestershire
France
France--Rouen
England--Yorkshire
Germany
Germany--Hamburg
Germany--Berlin
Germany--Leipzig
Germany--Nuremberg
Germany--Düsseldorf
Germany--Cologne
Germany--Mannheim
Germany--Peenemünde
Germany--Leverkusen
Italy
France--Modane
Germany--Hannover
Germany--Bochum
Germany--Kassel
Germany--Frankfurt am Main
Germany--Stuttgart
Germany--Schweinfurt
France--Soligny-la-Trappe
France--Le Mans
France--Paris
France--Tergnier (Canton)
Atlantic Ocean--Baltic Sea
England--Cornwall (County)
Germany--Ruhr (Region)
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
2018-08-28
1942-08
1943-02-23
1943-03
1943-05-05
1943-05-14
1943-08
1943-12-03
1943-06-27
1943-07-24
1943-07-29
1943-08-02
1943-08-09
1943-08-17
1943-08-22
1943-09-16
1943-08-22
1943-08-23
1943-08-27
1943-08-29
1943-10-03
1943-10-04
1943-10-23
1943-11-03
1943-11-22
1943-11-26
1943-12-03
1944-01-30
1944-02-15
1944-02-19
1944-02-20
1944-02-24
1944-03-06
1944-03-07
1944-03-15
1944-03-30
1944-04-09
1944-04-10
1944-04-17
1944-04-22
1943-07-27
1943-08-24
1943-10-08
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Jan Waller
158 Squadron
1652 HCU
28 OTU
4 Group
466 Squadron
640 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
bomb aimer
bombing of Nuremberg (30 / 31 March 1944)
crewing up
Distinguished Flying Cross
Distinguished Flying Medal
Distinguished Service Order
Halifax
Heavy Conversion Unit
mess
military living conditions
navigator
observer
Operational Training Unit
RAF Leconfield
RAF Lissett
RAF Marston Moor
RAF Wymeswold
searchlight
training
Wellington
wireless operator
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[envelope]
EXAMINER 3144
[postmark]
F.M.
[inserted] August 4th/42 [/inserted]
MR. & MRS. H. E. HUDSON
191, HALIFAX ROAD.
NELSON.
LANCASHIRE.
ANGLETERRE.
[/envelope]
[page break]
[reverse of envelope]
FROM. SGT. J. D. HUDSON. 755052
CAMP DES INTERNES BRITAINIQUE
LAGHOUAT.
ALGERIE.
AFRIQUE DU NORD.
[/reverse of envelope]
[page break]
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J. D. Hudson
c/o Consul General des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet
Alger. Algerie
Afrique du Nord
4-8-42
My Dear Mother & Dad,
To-day being your Wedding Anniversary my thoughts are very much with you and I am sending just a short message by cable hoping it will reach you quickly. It is a very simple message as follows:- “All love thoughts and best wishes Wedding Anniversary”. Your last letter to arrive was No. 60 which came before Nos. 57, 58 & 59 yet to reach me, but expected any day. I have not received any parcels. The book I am beginning to despair of receiving, but I still have hope the cigarettes will come to hand. The Red Cross parcel is not quite due and should arrive safely before very long. As I am writing this letter a terrific wind is blowing papers, pens & every darned thing off the table. It is a hot wind too, as though released from an oven[?], in short a maddening wind which blows no good. For many days now it has been unpleasantly hot, especially at night time. I am expecting it to cool off any day really, but so far the heat is persistent, and I am still expecting. I have just read “Vanity Fair” and a book by Susan Erty[?] called “Madam Claire” which I can recommend to you – it being a gentle
[page break]
book. I was half way through “Tale of Two Cities” when somebody plonked “Random Harvest” down
and as it is urgently required elsewhere I have had to lay Dickens aside temprorily[sic]. The story is by James Hilton of “Lost Horizons” fame – do you remember our[?] seeing the film? – so far I have not read sufficiently far to express an opinion. The “Tale of Two Cities” is good but it is not necessary for me to tell you this. To give you an idea of the heat and dryness of Laghouat this morning at 11 oclock[sic] I washed a towel. I hung it to dry whilst I washed a handkerchief. By the time the handkerchief was washed the towel was dry, & the handkerchief dried in the hot breeze whilst I carried it [inserted] back indoors [/inserted] across the courtyard. Believe it or not, it is true. We have not yet finished our Red Cross food supplies. Since Saturday we have had our own kitchens working. The sailors do the cooking. They have the same food as before – macaroni, cous-cous, dried peas and a few fresh vegetables, at present onions & marrow – which they try & cook in a more European manner. The real beauty of this development is that we can obtain boiling water three times a day for our tea. As long as the tea lasts out or[?] if it continues we are well placed. I had four ‘photos taken last week in bathing drawers. Hope to send them [underlined] when [/underlined] the prints are ready. As ever all my love & best wishes. Douglas
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Sends greetings on their wedding anniversary, cable to follow. Reports arrival of mail but no parcels, still hoping. Mentions strong wind blowing and that it has been hot for several days. Reports on books read and discusses some content. Relates story of quick drying towel to indicate how hot it is. Says they have not yet finished Red Cross food supplies and have their own kitchen with sailors doing cooking. Describes food available which is cooked in European fashion and the have boiling waters available three times a day to make tea.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-04
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter with envelope
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420804
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
Great Britain
England--Lancashire
England--Nelson
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-04
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
prisoner of war
Red Cross
-
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dd9aa29d16f8b2a70cc9731286fe24bf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J. D. Hudson.
c/o Consul General des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet.
Alger. Algerie.
Afrique du Nord
7-8-42.
My Dear Mother & Dad,
Yesterday I was very pleased to receive your telegram dated August 4th as follows:- “Delighted message August first written London re cables special thoughts for you today August fourth parcel despatched July 28 all love” to which I am sending the following reply today “Delighted cable August fourth confirmation receiver to pay arrived shall send next telegram this way await parcels well all love keep smiling Douglas Hudson”. The confirmation was received two days ago from the Eastern Telegraph Co. at Bone but I cannot make use of this privilege until the Laghouat P.O. has been advised. This will probably be effected tomorrow so my future telegrams will be sent via Eastern for you to pay. I was glad to hear you finally received my telegram originally sent off on July 21st & delighted to know you had dispatched another parcel on July 28th I am eagerly awaiting the arrival of the first parcel which is due anytime, also the cigarettes. I do hope you received my short cabled message sent off on Aug. 4th for your Wedding Anniversary. My thoughts were very much with you on that day, but of course they always are. The last
[page break]
two days have been considerably cooler & consequently more pleasant. This followed a surprising short but to the point thunderstorm two evenings ago. It is now possible to lie on one’s bed without the perspiration simply pouring out. Before long we shall be able to start the P.T. again. I told you in my last letter that we have our own kitchens & cooks now. An improvement particularly as we can get boiling water three times a day for our Red X tea. Would you make this enquiry for me, of Air Ministry, London? Is the promotion of N.C.O. flying personnel automatic in the case of a person in my position? Officers here are receiving news of their promotion. If we N.C.Os were still in England, alive[?], we should be at least Flight Sgts. Or Warrant Officers. It is a point worth clearing up, & I should like to know whether promotion ceases when one becomes a prisoner. I had four ‘photos taken about ten days ago, so when the prints come out I hope to send them along to you. I doubt if I shall get many more opportunities in future & have photos taken because there is a big film shortage & it has [inserted] been [/inserted] with some difficulty that we have obtained our recent stock. Films or no films, we still jog along hoping that our stay here may not be too long. I am sure we have outstayed our welcome. We are not always the politest of guests. With all my love as ever. Douglas
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Reports arrival of letters and telegram to which he is sending reply. Outlines changes to telegram system. Notes they have dispatched another parcel but is still awaiting arrival of the first ones. Describes recent weather with thunderstorm and cooling temperatures. Hopes they can start PT again soon. Mentions cooking arrangements at availability of boiling water for tea. Asks them to enquire of air ministry about promotion of NCO flying personnel as officers there were receiving news of their promotions. If at home they would all be flight sergeants/warrant officers now. Mentions having photographs taken which he will send when available.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-07
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420807
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-07
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
prisoner of war
-
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3a552934dbf0e3f5c0a5f7bd1f529fa0
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J.D.Hudson.
c/o. Consul Général des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet
Alger. Algérie
9-8-42. Afrique du Nord.
My Dear Mother & Dad,
Yesterday I was very pleased to receive your letter No. 59. This came nine days after No. 60. Nos. 57 & 58 have not yet arrived. I was very pleased to learn that you had despatched on July 28th another parcel via the Red Cross. Thank you for all the trouble you are taking in this respect, & perhaps you would also extend my appreciation to relatives for this kind cooperation. Yes, dear Mother & Dad, when I read the remarks in your letter No 59 about their kindness & consideration, & learned of the hardships they were undergoing through shortage of luxuries , my wrath was truly invoked. Never mind we can pull together. We have succeeded in the past. I have a strong feeling that before much longer we are going to reap a very fine harvest, the results of seeds of faith & courage sown by you both in the days are hardship & worry. Wait and see! It is sometimes the waiting game that is the successful one. Don’t you think that applies in general today? I cannot quite understand the outlook of the girl at Smiths who suggested sending a small selection of cheap edition “thrillers & wild west stories” to prisoners. I suppose one can hardly expect her to appreciate the prisoners’ outlook, but believe you me thrillers & wild west stories are not our diet. The days of that type of fiction are over.
[page break]
I could write a better book myself of true experiences, than the average story that come under that category. You can see, you must, that people like ourselves have experienced so much that has been conflicting, so much reality not wrapped up in cellophane that we are bound to be changed, & having skimmed the superficialities the truth revealed is presented undiluted. It is that truth which breeds the cynics of W. when it comes to people proposing sending Wild West Stories & Thrillers to Ps of W. Forgive my outburst, but sometimes the safety valve blows. You might misunderstand me in my letters, but you won’t when I get home. Yes I shall write to Mr. Allen – thank you for the tip & for giving me the style of my own from. You must think my memory is weak forgetting that. I am running a little French class – my pupils include an ex bank cashier, a Metalurgical [sic] Research Chemist, & two Accountants. I think I learn more by trying to teach [inserted] than my pupils, [/inserted] & when we get into difficulties we pool our brains & try to thrash the problem out together. It’s good fun and passes the time. On my own I am studying Commercial French. I cannot get any practice speaking so I am devoting energy to try & write it for business use. The more I try the less I realise I know & become aware that there is such a lot more to learn. A funny little story which is not to my credit but maybe you will forbear to criticise. We had a party the night before last. Got a bit mixed up afterwards & I woke fully dressed in Jimmy’s bed outside, he was in my bed inside. This is but a phase, and will pass. My heart is still in England & with you both at home, all my love & thoughts. Douglas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Lists recent letters arrived and pleased that they had dispatch another parcel to him via the Red Cross. Discusses content of their letters praising their faith and courage. Provides considerable discussion about books in general. Mentions running a small French class and describes pupils. Says he is learning commercial French but cannot get any practice speaking. Mentions funny story about himself involving party.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-09
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420809
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria--Algiers
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
North Africa
Algeria
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-09
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Peter Bradbury
prisoner of war
Red Cross
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22827/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420811-0001.1.jpg
dc9b32655bb8ccce2e9b6703cc51df7a
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22827/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420811-0002.1.jpg
4a7ba5d569203a888ba66182f191f566
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J.D.Hudson.
c/o. Consul Général des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet
Alger. Algérie
11-8-42. Afrique du Nord.
My Dear Mother & Dad,
Today, I was very pleased to receive five letters, three from you Nos. 58, 61 & 62, and one each from Marjorie & Auntie Dorothy dated May 18th & 21st respectively. These [inserted] two [/inserted] came via ordinary P. of W. post & took their time. I was delighted to get the details of the letters you received from me. Some stupid fellow has lost the negatives of the “Camp Echo” photos and the only way we can obtain prints is to write to Tony’s mother who has received about twelve photos of different pages of several “Camp Echos”. I, like you, hope most sincerely that good news will be received of Ted Hole. I send all my sympathies to his Mother & Father at this tragic time. It was surprising to learn that Horace was in Libya I did not even know he was in the army. So John has become Mr. Claylin again. His promotion appears to be very slow. I remember he has been waiting since October 1940. This is the second time I have begun this page of my letter. The first time I struggled valiantly with a new fountain pen I bought in Laghaval, but it was no use and I am once again reduced to pencil. I still use the Waterman’s that E.W.T. sent to me for my birthday at B – in 1940. I know just how much you appreciate your garden, & I realise exactly how you feel about the little things that grow. I hope you will be able to save my cactus. Do not worry about my stamps. I never stamp my own envelopes, & how it is that some arrived stamped and others without is beyond my ken. In my next cable I shall advise you to cancel
[page break]
The “received to pay” system & revert to the pre-paid policy. It is cheaper by far, & I see no reason for adopting an idea which means paying at the rate of 4 1/2d per word. If I wish to send a long cable from this end and it comes to more than the pre-paid reply stipulates it merely results in my own account being debited with the extra few francs. As there is so little I can buy at this end there is no suggestion of financial embarrassment. At any rate I have paid for my last three cables & I hope you have not been called upon to foot any bill at your end. The cable of mine acknowledging receipt of thirty seven letters from you, received by you on July 4th or thereabouts, left me on May 28th. It therefore took 5 1/2 weeks, so you will understand that your letters are not taking longer, but if anything, are arriving quicker. I have received 60 of the first 62, and expect No 57 any day. No 11 I despair of, but nevertheless consider the delivery of the English mail excellent. I hope you will excuse the steam I let off in my last letter about the girl at Smith’s suggesting to send “thrillers & wild west stories”. But you will understand we don’t want that stuff out here. We have all day to read & that class of stuff is not very suitable. I am still teaching my small class French, and probably learn more than my pupils. It is a very small class including two ex Accountants, a Bank Clerk, & a Metalurgical Research Chemist. On my own I am studying Commercial French. I am getting the grammar mastred [sic] but do lack the opportunity of speaking which is so essential. I must leave you now until next letter. My thoughts are with you both always & I send all my love & wishes. Douglas.
P.S. We still have our Red Cross tea.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
List latest mail and was pleased to get details of the letters they had received from him. Writes that someone has lost the negatives of the photographs in the camp newspaper and the only way they can be recovered is from an internees mother who had received some photographs of pages of the paper. Catches up with news of missing and other friends. Discusses writing implements and other news from home. Mentions telegram systems and costs as well as discussing letters that have arrived. Discusses the type of book they do not want. Mentions still teaching his small French class.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-11
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420811
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-11
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Peter Bradbury
prisoner of war
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22830/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420815-0001.1.jpg
7571de8b7fd3fc8d67e29486c87ffdf4
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22830/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420815-0002.1.jpg
ebf1693ab5a128741e0a0dd8e2d53702
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J. D. Hudson
c/o Consul General des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet.
Alger. Algerie.
Afrique du Nord.
15-8-42.
My Dear Mother & Dad,
I wrote to you on Thursday acknowledging receipt of your letters 63 & 64 and also to thank you so very much for the first Red Cross parcel which arrived intact on Wednesday afternoon. I was very delighted to receive these things all of which are particularly useful. All the items you enumerated arrived safely together with a bar of shaving soap, 1 razor & 6 blades, one toothbrush, two toothpastes, 1 comb, 2 pencils, a [indecipherable word] and two khaki handkerchiefs. I presume the Red Cross put these with the parcel, possibly to make the weight up to ten pounds. I was also very glad to learn from your recent cable that you had despatched a second parcel on July 28th. I am afraid that footwear size 6½ would be too small. I require something durable no smaller than 7. Of your first 64 letters written up to July 23rd all have been received except Nos. 11 & 57. Jolly good. It also appears that my mail is getting home more satisfactorily. The cables sent from here are becoming very unreliable which is annoying; especially when I think my cable of May 28th did not reach you until July 3rd longer than it takes your letters. My last cable sent off on Thursday suggested you cancel the “receiver to pay” system & revert to the “pre-paid” replies. They are cheaper by far, & more satisfactory.
[page break]
The last three cables I have sent, I have paid for at this end & do hope you have not been called to pay anything. It does not make much difference to me because as I have explained so often there is very little I can spend my money on. Most of this letter is repetition of my last. I told you then how good the lifebuoy soap smelled, & that I was specially inviting people to come & have “sniffs”. Soap is at a premium – there just isn’t any beyond what little the Red Cross send. Believe you me it was a very welcome sight to see 6 bars of lifebuoy & to smell their presence. I often wonder what John will do next. We wonder continually what he & his kind will be expected to do & when they will be expected to do it. There are a lot of other things we wonder besides. It will soon be two years since I landed here, or rather in N. Africa. At that time I didn’t think I should be here for two weeks. We have suffered many changes since that date – pretty grim – and it more than makes us think[?] You have no idea how we feel sometimes. I don’t anticipate great improvements in the near future either. Thank God we have some Red Cross tea still left over. The weather has been better again. It has been considerably warmer than last summer at Aumale[?] & still is. I am afraid this letter has been most un-newsy. There is little I am in a position to say, although plenty I could say if I didn’t wish my letter to reach you. So good-bye until next letter. Keep smiling & in good spirits. All my love, thoughts & best wishes. Douglas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Reports arrival of latest mail and of first Red Cross parcel from them full of very useful things. Lists contents and mentions some items added by Red Cross. Glad they had dispatched second parcel and discusses footwear sizes. Catches up with mail received and comments on some content as well as discussing telegram system. Repeats much of what he wrote in previous letters particularly how good lifebuoy soap smelled. Catches up with news and states it would nearly be two years since he landed in North Africa. They had suffered many changes in that time and he did not anticipate much improvement in conditions in the near future. Thanks that they have Red Cross tea left and comments on the weather.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-15
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420815
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-15
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
prisoner of war
Red Cross
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22832/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420818-0001.2.jpg
95dcfb11c54adf8fc6274249be103e09
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22832/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420818-0002.2.jpg
af1e3adef230fc1c8d9db302f2b5bfa2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J. D. Hudson
c/o Consul General des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet.
Alger. Algerie.
Afrique du Nord.
18-8-42
My Dear Mother & Dad,
I was very pleased to receive your letters dated June 30th & July 27th, Nos 57 & 65, this morning. The former envelope bares[?] the post mark Skipton & it has taken longer to get here than the [indecipherable word]. The arrival of these two letters means that all letters except No. 11 of the first sixty-five have reached me safely. This is very satisfactory, & it is also very comforting to learn from your latest cable that you received twenty-two of my letters since July 11th & to know that the first two cables I sent off in August reached you. My cable received by you on the morning of June 30th left my hands on June 13th & was in reply to your telegram of June 6th. The message I sent read
------” regret delay in replying unavoidable” ----- this was in no way due to indisposition on my part, I was quite well at the time. Causes beyond my control, of which alas I cannot speak, were responsible. I agree with you that 4½d per word is a ridiculous price to pay for telegrams, and I hope you will agree to my last cabled suggestion to cancel the “receiver to pay” system & revert[?] to the old way satisfactory idea of pre-paid replies, which are much cheaper. To date I have not used the
[page break]
“receiver to pay” system at all so you should not receive any debit at your end. I am glad to hear John is more comfortably situated and hope he will not be required to move afield. We expect our numbers to be trebled in the next few days which will make it pretty terrible & crowded. Enough said, I suppose you will have read the papers & heard the wireless. It is splendid of you to take all the trouble you are doing in sending parcels to me. The contents of the July 28th parcel sound to be just the ticket & will be really useful. I wired you, & mentioned in my past two letters, how pleased I was to receive your first Red Cross parcel on August 12th, perfectly intact. Splendid show. As for my relations & their coupons[?], to be frightfully [inserted] rude [/inserted] they can – well you know what they can do with their coupons.[?] At the moment of writing we are having a terrific mixed storm – thunder, rain and sand, which is a sign of hope that the very worst of the summer heat is nearly over. Enclosed are two photos which will show that I am not slimming. I am not looking very happy I admit, but the sun was so terrifically bright it was not easy to beam pleasantly with[?] the camera. You will probably be able to see from the ‘photo of me sitting down how brown I am. The other one taken standing up shows the tide line around my waist. I am hoping to get enlargements later on more carefully printed. These[?] are very hurried jobs complete[?] in one photo with photographer’s finger “points”[?]. Good-bye until next letter. All my love, thoughts & best wishes.
Douglas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Catches up with mail received both ends. Writes of cables sent and received including problems with some and costs. Catches up with news from home and mentions camp numbers will be trebled in the next few days. Thanks them for the trouble they are taking to send him parcels and says how pleased he was to get the first one. Comments on storm (thunder, rain and sand) they are having and hopes that summer is nearly over. Comments that they will see from photographs how brown he is.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-18
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420818
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-18
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
prisoner of war
Red Cross
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22833/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420824-0001.2.jpg
ab5e6bf479247c2bed92fff304580803
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22833/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420824-0002.2.jpg
7f9062bcbd6ceeb4913379720164c01e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J. D. Hudson
c/o Consul General des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet,
Alger. Algerie
Afrique du Nord
24-8-42
[inserted] Excuse the typewritten envelope, but I have neither pen nor ink available just at the moment]
My Dear Mother & Dad,
It is a few days since I wrote my last letter to you. I have not had much time during the past 72 hours with the arrival of the new people. You know, helping to get them settled & doing a bit on the old typewriter etc. I am afraid the “Camp Echo” will be more or less an impracticable proposition – at least for some time – but I am very pleased to tell you we found twelve negatives of the different shots we took of our “paper” which I thought were completely lost. I have ordered postcard size prints of each so hope to be able to send them along to you in the near future. In my last letter I enclosed two snaps of myself taken in bathing drawers, the same bathing draws I used to carry around the countryside in the good old days when I showed more ribs than I do now and less “tummy”. The weather is gradually becoming more bearable & today has been quite pleasant. Perfectly clear with a hot sun but cooling breeze. Far better than the cloudy oppressively hot weather which followed the recent
[page break]
thunderstorm. It is a great comfort to know that another Red Cross parcel is on its way. I was delighted to receive your first one on August 12th, completely intact. The lifebuoy is a blessing in disguise. Thank you for all the trouble you are taking to prepare these things. I think a big hand should be given to all relatives for their kind cooperation, or would a boot[?] be better. I received a letter from Mary yesterday in answer to one she received from me. Apparently Kenneth [indecipherable word] the Observer medical, but was contemplating ground duties. Your latest letter to arise was No. 65 dated July 27th. The only one missing is No. 11. which constituted a good record I think. I do hope my mail will continue to arrive as satisfactorily as during[?] July & early August in the future. This improvement certainly gives me encouragement to write. In the past I thought so often it was a [inserted] case [/inserted] of “loves labour lost”. I cannot tell you much to-day, this is not a very newsy letter. Yes we have our own “Galley” established & it has made an improvement to our food. The Red Cross have been splendid, & individual culinary efforts have not been necessary. Good bye until next letter. All my love as ever with thoughts & best wishes. Keep smiling. Douglas.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Writes that he has been busy helping new people to get settled. Mentions camp newspaper would now be impractical for some time. However they had found the negatives of photographs they took of the paper from which he has ordered some prints which he will send. Writes of photographs he sent in last letter. Mentions weather becoming gradually more bearable. Reiterates his delight at getting parcel and that another is on the way. Mentions receiving another letter and comments on news from this and other mail from them. Is glad his mail is arriving with them. Mentions Red Cross is splendid and of culinary efforts have been necessary.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-24
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420824
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-24
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Sue Smith
prisoner of war
Red Cross
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22834/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420827-0001.1.jpg
1da27adc6bb057927718c3400c509dc4
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22834/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420827-0002.1.jpg
6ab8cd4eb76447683a107d0b845e1c3d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J. D. Hudson
c/o. Consul Général des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet.
Alger. Algérie
Afrique du Nord.
27-8-42
My Dear Mother & Dad,
I was very pleased to receive your letter No 66 this morning. This is the latest to arrive and apart from No 11 I have the complete sequence. The worst heat of the summer is now past although it is still very hot, far better than when we arrived in Tunis exactly two years ago. Little did I think at that time I should spend two years in this country & I often wonder how much longer I shall remain. It does sound strange to read in your letters of the rain in the summer months of June & July. As the days pass here we imagine it is practically impossible for the sun not to shine by day. Even in the winter time, ie. Dec. & Jan when it is cold we must get more sun than in the best summer month in England. I wonder what the after effect of all this sun will be. I suppose our blood will be like water But I am looking forward to the thickening up process. You will be very surprised when I tell you that your large calendar arrived yesterday, after a journey of eight months via Germany. I was nonetheless delighted to have it & the picture made me long stronger than ever for those green fields & country lanes where we used to hear the thrushes & blackbirds sing. I keep on hoping, as you do, for news of Ted. Four months is a very long time to wait & I understand how his people will feel. They have my full sympathies. I remember how you must have felt two years ago & it is at these
[page break]
times I appreciate how much we should feel thankful. It is oftentimes a difficult pill to swallow but I suppose it goes down all right in the end. We are getting a ridiculously large family & by the time I leave S.S. “Laghunat” I shall be more steeped in Naval routine than I was ever in R.A.F. Aye-aye. The “camp echo” did a natural death before the advent of summer and I hardly think it will live again. It is impracticable to cater for the camp now in the journalistic sense, & we are fairly well occupied in assisting in internal administration with the aid of our old printing press the typewriter. We found all the negatives of the old “Echo” & I rushed an order to the photographer for p.c. enlargements. I hope they will arrive speedily so I may send them on to you. There is not much I can talk to you about these days. My French class & studies were temporarily discontinued some ten days ago, but now our new arrivals are settled in I hope to open up again on Monday. I do appreciate your efforts re the parcels [deleted] and [/deleted] the first one to arrive was splendid. Soap & footwear are the most important requirements. Shoes or boots and socks for winter, & soap for all times & for all purposes. I am well off for outer garments. I still have my uniform although the trousers are too small to climb into. Sounds dreadful doesn’t it. The buttons on the tunic I moved as far as possible during last winter to enable me to button up & look (smart?) Again I fear I have written a not very newsy letter but it will pass censors which is the main thing. I shall send off a wire for Dads birthday either today or tomorrow You are always in my thoughts. All my love, thoughts & best wishes [underlined] Douglas [/underlined]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Catches up with mail received. Mentions the worst of the heat of summer was over but is was still hotter than when they arrived two years ago. Contrasts weather at home and in North Africa and how he might be affected on return to England. Mentions arrival of calendar after eight months. Catches up with home news. Mentions the end of the camp newspaper and internal administration tasks. Comments on finding negatives of photographs of newspaper and that his French classes has ceased. Mentions their parcel again and his requirements for further. Says he is well off for clothes, still has uniform.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-27
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420827
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-27
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Christian
prisoner of war
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22835/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420830-0001.1.jpg
b81dd3875c94283bfa4af582d9921acb
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22835/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420830-0002.1.jpg
74936d3eadb8b22ffc920ce6dd0a1b70
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Royal Air Force. 755052. Sgt. J.D. Hudson.
c/o. Consul Général des Etats Unis.
Rue Michelet.
Alger. Algérie.
Afrique du Nord.
30-8-42
My Dear Mother & Dad,
I wrote to you last on Aug. 27th and later that day I sent a telegram for Dad’s birthday which read as follows:- “Many happy returns Dad’s birthday latest letter received sixty six just received large calendar all love thoughts wishes Douglas Hudson,” I have not received any letters from you since then, neither have I had a reply to my cable sent on Aug. 13th acknowledging receipt of the first Red Cross clothes parcel. I have sent three cables, dates Aug 13th 17th & 27th and I hope they will all reach you safely, and especially I hope the last one will arrive in time for Dad’s birthday. My thoughts will be very much with you on that Day, & I hope it will pass happily. There have been changes here during the past months and our family is now a very large one indeed, too large to be comfortable. [underlined] We [/underlined] still remain reasonably well placed & have probably more privacy than most N.C.Os & men. We undertake a certain amount of clerical work and seep & eat in the room we use as our camp office. There are four Sgts. & one Naval Master at Arms together. A M.A.A is on board a ship in a similar position to Station Warrant Officer in the R.A.F. This one is a decent chap, young for his position & we get along very well. He introduced us into the art of making a “Naval Duff” or should it be “Dough.” Recipe stale bread soaked in water. & raisins, prunes, sugar & whatever suitable similar ingredients are available, depending upon the Red Cross. This lot is well mixed & taken to
[page break]
the Galley – no longer cookhouse or cuisine because we are on board H.M.S. “Laghanat” – and steamed or baked according to the temper of the cook. We have made four or five of these and they have been quite satisfactory. Last night we invited one of our officers to spend an evening out here and he brought his portable gramophone & records. For the first time for a long time I heard many old favourites including “Ave Maria” & “Selections from Lilac Time” which revived many happy memories of the past. These tunes together with a bottle or two of Red Wine (its beastly stuff but all we can get) which we saved from our issue, managed to help us forget the ennui & misery of internment? for a few hours. I have ordered p.c. enlargements of 12 different snaps taken of our old “Camp Echo”, & when, or if, these come along I shall try & send these out to you. I was very surprised to receive the large calendar sent before the end of Dec. This arrived during the week and is now decorating the wall, showing to advantage the bit of England which is more alluring than I ever imagined a picture of our own country could ever be. You surely have to lose a thing before you appreciate its value. I would give anything to listen to a 12 hours heavy downpour of rain. For five months now I have been going about wearing nothing but a pair of shorts or underpants & sleeping at night under a single sheet. It is still almost too hot to go about in the early afternoon, but there is a definite slackening off of the July heat & oppressiveness of early August My page is finished so I will say good-bye. I have been persevering with my old pen again but it is not very satisfactory. With all my love, thoughts & best wishes as ever. Keep smiling, it may not be very long now. [underlined] Douglas [/underlined].
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Writes of telegram he sent for father's birthday. Had nor received any letters or reply to cable. Mentions changes in camp numbers over the last months, now too large for comfort. Says his own situation is better than most NCOs as they are occupying the camp office. Describes other occupants including naval master at arms who introduced them to interesting recipes using Red Cross ingredients. Describes inviting one of their officers to a small party with music and red wine. Mentions photographs of camp newspaper, arrival of a calendar with pictures of England. Comments on hot weather and just wearing shorts but it was now cooling off.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-30
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420830
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Algeria--Algiers
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-30
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Christian
prisoner of war
Red Cross
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22836/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420831-0001.2.jpg
26470bc60ace91199f9ba09fc38068df
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/22836/EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420831-0002.2.jpg
a3d2e049339aaeddb68bb53777a3c168
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Hudson, JD
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Telegram from Douglas Hudson to his parents
Description
An account of the resource
Wishes father a happy birthday and acknowledges receipt of large calendar.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-31
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Printed telegeram form
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EHudsonJDHudsonP-HE420831
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-31
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
prisoner of war
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/886/23860/SHudsonJD755052v20005.2.pdf
b3bcd03afc7fbd9d58def2a8ce3d2f3e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas
James Douglas Hudson
J D Hudson
Description
An account of the resource
529 items. Collection concerns Pilot Officer James Douglas Hudson, DFC (755052 Royal Air Force) who joined the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve in June 1939 and trained as an observer. While on route to Malta in August 1940 his Blenheim crashed in Tunisia and he was subsequently interned for two and a half years by Vichy French in Tunisia and Algeria. After being freed he returned to Great Britain and after navigator retraining completed a tour of 30 operations on 100 Squadron. The collection contains letters to and from his parents and from French penfriends while interned in Tunisia and Algeria, newspaper cuttings of various events, logbooks and lists of operations, official documents and photographs. A further 23 items are in two sub-collections with details of navigator examinations and postcards of Laghouat Algeria.<br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Elizabeth Smith and Yvonne Puncher and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.<br />
<p>This collection also contains items concerning Louis Murray and Harry Bowers. Additional information on <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/202827/">Harry Bowers</a> and <a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/220410/">Louis Murray</a> is available via the IBCC Losses Database.</p>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
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Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[deleted] first five lines [/deleted]
DELIGHTED TO HAVE RECEIVED YOUR CABLE SEVENTEENTH PARCEL AND THIRTEEN BOOKS LATEST LETTER EVERYONE TAFFES LETTER DATED SEPTEMBER TWENTY-NINTH ADVISING DESPATCH 500 CIGARETTES REPLYING BY LETTER KEEPING WELL ALL LOVE THOUGHTS WISHES DOUGLAS HUDSON 20-10-42
DELIGHTED SECOND RED CROSS PARCEL RECEIVED OCTOBER TWENTY-FOURTH INTACT COULD YOU SEND BOOK ON TEXTILE PRODUCTION AND MANUFACTURE ALL LOVE DOUGLAS HUDSON 26-10-42
DELIGHTED CABLE THIRTY-FIRST ACKNOWLEDGING SNAPS SELECTION BOOKS GOOD THANK YOU FOR DESPATCHING THIRD RED CROSS PARCEL YOUR SECOND RECEIVED INTACT OCTOBER TWENTY-FOURTH WELL ALL LOVE BEST WISHES DOUGLAS HODSON 3-11-42
[page break]
DELIGHTED PREPAID CABLE TWELFTH RECEIVED YESTERDAY YOUR TENTH LETTERS ARRIVE IN PERFECT SEQUENCE LATEST SEVENTY-ONE AM EXPERIMENTING WRITING LETTER TODAY REGISTERED AIRMAIL WELL ALL LOVE THOUGHTS WISHES DOUGLAS HUDSON 15-9-42
DELIGHTED CABLE TWENTY-FIFTH YOUR LATEST LETTER SEVENTY-FIVE WANTED LITTLE GIRL CORRESPONDENT SEND PHOTOS ALL LOVE THOUGHTS BEST WISHES KEEP SMILING WRITING ALWAYS DOUGLAS HUDSON 30-9-42
DELIGHTED CABLE THIRD ACKNOWLEDGING RECEIPT MY REGISTERED LETTER YOUR LATEST LETTER SEVENTY-SIX [deleted] seven words [/deleted] PLEASED MY JUNE LETTERS MESSAGES RECEIVED AND GLAD YOU UNDERSTAND KEEPING WELL ALL LOVE THOUGHTS BEST WISHES AS EVER DOUGLAS HUDSON 5-10-42
[page break]
ALL LOVE THOUGHTS BEST WISHES WEDDING ANNIVERSARY DOUGLAS HUDSON 4-8-42
DELIGHTED CABLE AUGUST FOURTH CONFIRMATION RECEIVER TO PAY ARRIVED SHALL SEND NEXT TELEGRAM THIS WAY AWAIT PARCELS WELL ALL LOVE
LATEST LETTER GLAD MY LETTERS AND CABLES ARE ARRIVING BEST WISHES DADS BIRTHDAY FUTURE REQUIREMENTS FOOTWEAR SOAP MOST USEFUL WRITING ALWAYS WELL ALL LOVE THOUGHTS DOUGLAS HUDSON 1-9-42
[deleted] three lines[/deleted]
[page break]
[indecipherable] remainder of document [/indecipherable]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Scripts of telegrams written and sent by Douglas Hudson to parents from prisoner of war camps
Description
An account of the resource
Transcripts of nearly 50 telegrams between Douglas Hudson and his parents between August 1941 and November 1942.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J D Huson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1941
1942
Format
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Eight page handwritten document
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
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SHudsonJD755052v20005
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1941-08
1941-09
1941-12
1942-01
1942-02
1942-03
1942-04
1942-05
1942-06
1942-07
1942-08
1942-09
1942-10
1942-11
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Bloomfield
prisoner of war
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1590/25348/MNichollsJEK2011088-200201-01.2.pdf
37ad53ff4eb9580b55667cfba4851446
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nicholls, Jill Ethel Kathleen
J E K Nicholls
Thomson, Jill Ethel Kathleen
Goodfellow, Jill Ethel Kathleen
Description
An account of the resource
57 items. The collection concerns Jill Nicholls (b. 1921, 2011088 Royal Air Force). The collection contains documents, photographs, mementos and a considerable number of poems. It also contains an album in a sub-collection with documents, newspaper cuttings and photographs.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Julie Stocks and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-02-01
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Nicholls, JEK
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Underlined] 2011088. ACW2. NICHOLLS. J.E.K. [/underlined]
[Underlined] 5th ENTRY [/underlined]
Form 619.
ROYAL AIR FORCE.
Notebook for use in Schools.
[Page break]
[Blank page]
[Page break]
[Underlined] Class 3. [/underlined] [Underlined] July 31 [missing text] [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cpl. J [missing letters] [/underlined]
[Underlined] Some dont’s [sic] for M.T. Drivers. [/underlined]
1. Don’t agitate the accelerator pedal up and down when starting engine. On most vehicles this only upsets the starting mixture.
2. Don’t keep pulling on the starter knob after the engine has started.
3. Don’t drive with the choke control out. [Deleted] 4 [/deleted] Push the choke in as soon as possible.
4. Don’t stop [sic] up the radiator with any old rubbish. If your vehicle is filled with anti-freeze, top up with this compound only. If filled with water top up with soft water if possible. If you have to fill from a stream, remove any foreign bodies.
5. Don’t pour cold water into a hot radiator and engine, allow to cool first.
6 Don’t imagine a [underlined] No Water Board [/underlined] is hung on the radiator for fun.
7 Don’t dip the oil with the engine running, or when it has just stopped, the dip stick won’t tell the truth.
8 Don’t continue to run the engine with the oil pressure guage [sic] reading Zero, or with the warning lamp alight, your engine may be dangerously low of oil.
9 Don’t ride the clutch, it is not a foot rest.
10 Don’t coast, the brakes may not be as good as you [missing word].
[Page break]
11 Don’t try to start away in one of the higher gears, there is a reason for fitting low.
12 Don’t turn the steering wheel while the vehicle is stationary.
13 Don’t get the idea that the maintenance schedule is for the other drivers [deleted word] [inserted] guidance [/inserted], it is compiled especially for you.
14. Don’t imagine because you are a good driver you will never have an accident, remember the fool around the corner and be specially careful.
[Underlined] Technical Terms. [/underlined]
1. [Underlined] Near Side [/underlined] means left hand side of vehicle
2. [Underlined] Off. Side [/underlined] means right hand side of vehicle
3 [Underlined] Right Lock. [/underlined] means turn steering wheel to right
4. [Underlined] Left Lock [/underlined] means turn steering wheel to left.
5. [Underlined] Right Hand Down. [/underlined] Right Lock
6. [Underlined] Left Hand Down. [/underlined] Left Lock.
7. U/S. Unserviceable
8. M.P.H. Miles per hour.
9. M.P.G. Miles per gallon.
10. D.I. Daily Inspection
[Missing number] Revs. Revolutions.
[Page break]
[Diagram] – weight of vehicle & its load.
– Weight of vehicle, its load, & trailer and its load.
Training Command. H.
Group. (morecombe). 20.
[Page break]
[Underlined] CHASSIS OF LORRY. [/underlined]
[Diagram]
[Inserted] King Pin on Brake drum [indecipherable words] or King pin.
[Page break]
[Underlined] OBJECT OF MAIN CHASSIS COMPONENTS. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Fan. [/underlined] Its purpose is to cool the water as it passes through the radiator.
[Underlined] Engine or Power Unit [/underlined] develops the power necessary to drive the vehicle.
[Underlined] Fly Wheel [/underlined] Is a circular mass of metal, bolted to the rear end of the crank shaft to balance the engine, and keep it running evenly; and assist the engine over the 3 idle strokes (Induction, compression, exhaust); also forms a housing for the clutch.
[Underlined] Clutch [/underlined] A means of engaging & disengaging the engine or power unit, from the transmission. Enables a gear to be engaged silently when the vehicle is stationary. Allows a vehicle to be moved away smoothly and without snatch. Assists in gear changing.
[Underlined] Primary Shaft. [/underlined] Transmits the drive through constant mesh pinions or gear wheels to the lay shaft in the gear box, in all gears except top or 4th gear.
[Underlined] Gear Box [/underlined] The gear box itself is a reservoir for oil. The gears provide various engine to road wheel ratios, enables engine’s speed and therefore engine power to be maintained under varying road speeds and conditions. Allows the engine to run while vehicle is stationary, and provides a
[Page break]
means of reversing. (Allows the engine to maintain its required no of Revs under all Road and load conditions).
[Underlined] Universal Joint [/underlined] Fitted between the main or driven shaft from the Gear box to the propellor shaft, to allow for misalignment or angular drive.
[Underlined] Propellor Shaft. [/underlined] Transmits the drive from gear box to rear axle.
[Underlined] Final Drive [/underlined] (Bevel Pinion & crown wheel, [underlined] or [/underlined] worm & worm wheel). Transmits the drive through a right angle, and provides a permanent gear reduction.
[Underlined] Differential. [/underlined] [Inserted] (gear) [/inserted] Allows a vehicle to corner without rear wheel skid, by allowing the inside rear wheel to slow down and allow the outside rear wheel to maintain its normal drive when cornering.
[Underlined] Half Axle Shafts. [/underlined] Transmits the drive from differential to rear wheel hubs.
[Underlined] Road Springs and Shock absorbers. [/underlined] To absorb shock and vibration caused by irregularity in road services [sic].
[Underlined] Steering] [/underlined] A system of levers and linkages to enable the vehicle to be moved out of a straight line.
[Underlined] Brakes [/underlined] A means of slowing or stopping a vehicle.
[Page Break]
[Underlined] Aug 3rd 194[missing number] [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cpl. James [/underlined]
All engine oils in the RAF go by Ref. No’s. – 34/A.
[Underlined] Engine oil. [/underlined] 34/36.
[Underlined] Gear oil. [/underlined] 34 A 50/51
(some Gear Boxes & Rear Axles).
All engine sumps:
[Underlined] Penetrating oil [/underlined] is used for freeing nuts & bolts and spraying Road Springs. 34A/57.
[Underlined] Flushing Oil [/underlined] 34/A/68. This is used for flushing out sumps before refilling with fresh oil.
[Underlined] Shock Absorber Fluid [/underlined] 34A/70/71, for hydrolic [sic] shock absorbers only.
[Underlined] Yellow Grease [/underlined] 34A/2. Used in grease gun where a heavier lubricant is required, & in summer time.
[Underlined] Non-Separating Grease [/underlined] 34A/61. Used in water pump glands
[Underlined] Spigot Bearings [/underlined]
Spigot bearing holds the primary shaft in a central position inside the flywheel, and a spigot bearing holds the main shaft in the gear box in a central position inside the constant mesh pinion at the rear end of the primary shaft.
[Page break]
[Inserted words and numbers] [Underlined] August 4th 1942 [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cpl Sheridan [/underlined]
[Underlined] Care & Maintenance [/underlined]
[Underlined] Daily Inspection [/underlined]
1. Check oil – petrol – water.
2. Check tyres with tyre pressure guage [sic].
3. Inspect tyres visibly for stones etc.
4. Proceed to look beneath the car for any oil leaks from engine, gear box, & back axle.
5. Inspect window screens for cleanliness
6. Inspect number plate for cleanliness
7. Check hand brake.
8. See that gear lever is in neutral.
9. Check clutch pedal & foot brake.
10. Check lights, note when ignition key is switched on, ammeter should show discharge.
11. Check windscreen wipers, traffic indicators if fitted. Test Horn.
12. Check fire extinguisher., & sign Form 656.
[Missing number] Report any fault to Cpl in charge of Transport.
[Underlined] 500 Mile Inspection. [/underlined]
1. Wash car thoroughly.
2. Inspect wheel nuts for tightness.
3 See that all grease nipples are clean.
[Page break]
4 Proceed to check back axle, check gear box & grease car thoroughly, paying particular attention to maintenance schedule. In greasing pay particular attention to your universal joint, propellor shaft, clutch withdrawal mechanism, also hand brake cross shaft, steering, springs.
5 Grease fan bearing.
6. Inspect Battery. See that all leads to & from the battery are tight.
7. Any corrosion on battery terminal will be wiped off immediately. To prevent further corrosion vaseline or a similar grease will be applied to the affected parts. Battery will be topped up with distilled water. It will be topped up to a height of 1/4“ above the plates. See that the battery is tight in cradle.
8. Test engine bolts for tightness, inspect steering box, top up if necessary with gear oil. Inspect [deleted] 9. [/deleted] all leads for signs of wear. If slightly frayed apply adhesive tape to the affected part. If fitted with hydrolic [sic] braking system check master cylinder for fluid. Top up with
[Page break]
hydrolic [sic] brake fluid if necessary.
9. Grease fan bearing.
10. Clean air filter on carburettor.
[Underlined] 2000 mile Inspection. [/underlined]
This will entail doing D.I. & 500 normally.
1. Top back axle up, & gear box. (Filter plug on top, level plug on side. Fill till oil comes out of level plug). The same procedure will be adopted when topping up gear box with gear oil.
[Underlined] Engine [/underlined] You will change engine oil, when the engine is warm. When draining sump, put drip tray beneath draining plug. Oil will be drained in this manner. Place drip tray beneath sump, then remove drain plug. After draining oil make sure by inspecting the oil that there is no foreign bodies in same, such as steel clippings etc. If anything is found in the oil which should not be there, report it immediately to the N.C.O. I/C M.T. Section. Turn Crank handle 12 – 15 times to make sure that all oil is out of sump. Proceed then to pour in new oil, through the filter plug. F.N. Engine oil will be changed in a new engine at the first 500 miles, then again at 2000, in the normal
[inserted] Remove sparking plugs & clean. [/inserted]
[Page break]
manner. Paraffin oil must definitely [underlined] not [/underlined] be used to flush out an engine.
Inspect chassis bolts for tightness. Next proceed to jack the car up to relieve the weight of the car off the springs. Then spray the springs with penetrating oil (very fine oil), by means of spray gun. Then apply graphite grease on the outside of the springs to prevent dust and dampness to interfere with the springs.
[Underlined] Distributor Maintenance [/underlined]
Smear the lobe of the cam with vaseline or some suitable grease. See that the contact breaker points are clean.
Lubricate all [underlined] carburettor [/underlined] controls with oil can. If dynamo is fitted with a grease cap, give the cap one complete turn.
If the [underlined] self starter [/underlined] is fitted with a grease cap, proceed as before.
If fitted with an [underlined] Electric Petrol Pump [/underlined] make sure that all leads to & from the pump are tight and clean.
After doing 2000 mile inspection, vehicle will be handed over to the fitter.
In case of [underlined] Fordson [/underlined] with a 1 gallon sump, the
[Page break]
oil will be changed every 1000 miles.
Top Battery every 50 hrs, every week, or 500 miles.
[Underlined] Controls August 6th 1942. [/underlined]
Cpl Sheridan
Free play for clutch should be 3/8”. (on most cars). On switching the ignition key on, the ammeter needle w[deleted]h[/deleted]ill show discharge. With the engine running and dynamo working ammeter needle will show between 2 & 8 amps. according to the state of the battery.
Running with all lights on, ammeter needle will show between normal & 1 amp. approximately.
[Underlined] Oil Pressure Guage [sic]. [/underlined] (marked off in pounds per sq. inch) you will refer to maintenance chart for correct oil pressure.
[Underlined] Self Starter [/underlined] Finger must not be kept pressed on the self starter button after the engine has started. On cold mornings it is essential to use starting handle first to facilitate easy start.
[Underlined] Throttle [/underlined] Same action as accelerator, used to warm up engine. Used sometimes for reversing
[Page break]
Water Guage.
Petrol Guage.
[Underlined] Choke [/underlined] is used for purpose of providing a rich mixture at the required time. Choke should be pushed back to closed position as soon as possible.
[Underlined] Internal Combustion Engine [/underlined]
Power is obtained by a rapid burning and expansion of petrol and air.
[Underlined] The Otto Cycle [/underlined]
(a) [Underlined] Stroke [/underlined] (b) [underlined] Piston Direction [/underlined] (c) [underlined] Valves [/underlined] (d) [underlined] Object of Stroke [/underlined]
(a) Induction (b) Down. (c) Inlet open (ex. closed) (d) To draw combust mixture into cylinder.
(a) Compression (b) up. (c) Closed [inserted] Inlet/Exhaust [/inserted] (both). (d) compress the mixture
(a) Power. (b) down. (c) both valves closed. (d) To turn crank shaft.
(a) Exhaust. (b) up. (c) Inlet Shut. Exhaust open. (d) Expel burnt gases [sic] from cylinder ready for fresh change of position
[Page break]
[Underlined] OTTO CYCLE. [/underlined]
[Diagram]
August 7th 1942.
[Underlined] Cpl Sheridan. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Notes on Crank Shaft. [/underlined]
The crank shaft is built up of big end bearings, crank journats [sic], crank pins, crank webs, main bearings.
The Cam shaft is fitted with Cams which operate the valves at the correct time.
Cam shaft can also drive auxiliary things such as oil pump, distributor drive shaft,
[Page break]
these usually being driven by a helical gear fitted to the Cam shaft. Cam shaft can also drive petrol pump. Cam shaft is driven at half engine speed, meaning that the crank shaft will revolve twice to once of the Cam shaft. We time the crank shaft & Cam shaft by means of timing wheels, or timing chains.
[Underlined] Essential Engine Components. [/underlined]
Crank Case.
Sump
Cylinder Block.
Cylinder Head. (gasket usually made of asbestos & copper fitted between cylinder head and cylinder block).
Crank Shaft. Valve guide.
Cam Shaft. Valve Spring.
Connecting Rods. Tappets,
Pistons. Push Rods.
Piston Rings. Fly Wheel.
Gudgeon Pin
Valves,
Valve Stem
[Page break]
[Underlined] Aug 10th 1942 [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cpl. Sheridan [/underlined]
[Diagram]
[Underlined] 4 Cylinder Crankshaft. [/underlined]
[Page break]
[Underlined] Map. Reading. [/underlined]
[Map legends]
[Page break]
[Underlined] Conventional Signs. [/underlined]
Most maps are supplied with a key devised to illustrate the material shown, such as roads, bridges, churches etc, as well as natural features such as woods, rivers, lakes etc. The symbols used in illustration are known as conventional signs. In addition, since a map is only a plan of ground under survey, various devices are used to give information on relative and actual heights. Knowledge of the normal and exceptional signs employed is the basis of good map reading. For only by complete understanding of these is it possible to form a mental picture of any area required or indicated. For ease of recognition the various symbols are viewed from above or at a very steep angle. Trees will be shown as viewed from the side.
[Underlined] Contours. [/underlined]
A contour is a line joining a number of points which are at the same height above mean sea level. On the map itself it appears as a continual line, and is generally printed in orange with the numbers in the same colour, and represent
[Page break]
[Inserted] Numbers [/inserted]
the height in feet starting at 50ft and then rising at 50 ft or 100 ft levels according to the type of map. Where the contour lines are far apart, this will indicate only gradual sloping, and where the lines lie close together will indicate very steep slopes. By noting the spacing between the lines it is fairly easy to estimate the slopes, because 1/4 of the distance will represent 12 1/2 ft or 25 ft rise. It should be borne in mind, that when planning a route with a heavy vehicle, it is best to avoid roads that traverse very high ground, it is much better to take roads of a less hilly nature, even if it means making a slightly longer detour, taking into consideration the contour lines marked.
[Underlined] Gradients. [/underlined]
We have seen that where the contour lines lie close together that steep slopes are indicated. The average gradient can be found by taking the lowest height from the highest point eg. 250ft – 50ft, then measure the distance on the map. If this is 1/2“ on a 1” map this will give you 200/2640, & an answer of 1/13 approx
[Page break]
[underlined] Scales. [/underlined]
Every map reprints an area of ground but of course on a very reduced scale. A scale in the relationship of measurement between points on the map to equivalent distances on the ground. If 2 points A & B are 1 mile apart on the actual ground, and 1” on the map, this will mean that 1” on the map represents 1 mile on the ground.
(a) By wording such as 1” map or 1/2“ map etc.
(b) By a representative fraction. (R.F) 1/5280 1/63360
(c) By a drawn scale.
[Underlined] Orientation. [/underlined]
Before a map can be used or read properly, it must be set, that is having the North line of the map pointing to the North of the ground it represents. Again it may be necessary to proceed in a direction from a given point, or it may be desired to know the direction of any land mark from a given point. Lay the compass on the map, and let the compass needle point to magnetic North, and then turn the map without moving the compass, so that
[Page break]
[Inserted] [Numbers] [/inserted]
the North line on the map coincides with the North of the Compass needle. If a magnetic variation is shown the map must be set to this line. If no compass is available, identify some object on the map that can also be identified on the ground, such as a church, windmill etc. Draw a line on the map from your position to the object, then turn the map with this line pointing towards the object on the ground.
[Inserted] [Numbers] [/inserted]
[Underlined] Finding your position on a map. [/underlined] 12.8.42.
First, set the map using a compass. If you are in a known locality identify two objects on the ground that can also be identified on the map, such as church, bridge etc. Draw a pencil line through each side on map in the direct direction of the objects, & then draw the line backwards until they meet. This is the exact position occupied. This position can be checked by finding two other objects and proceeding as before.
[Underlined] Finding True North by a Watch. [/underlined]
If summer time is in effect set the hour hand
[Page break]
back 1 hour, point the hour hand towards the sun, and the minute hand to 12. Bisect the angle between the hour hand and 12 oclock, this will give you a North & South line approximately.
[Underlined] Finding true North at Night. [/underlined]
The Pole star which is found by drawing a line through the pointers of the Plough, is never more than 2 degrees from true North., so that the relation between Cassiopea [sic] and the Plough is used to determine true North.
[Underlined] Grid Reference. [/underlined]
Grid references are indicated by figures. eg. 177532. The first 3 figures must be read from West to East, or left to right of map. The next 3 figures must be read from South to North, or bottom to top of map. First of all find the axis point of The square indicated on the map by 1 & 5 of this number. Having found the point where the thick vertical line marked 1 0, and the thick horizontal line marked 5 0, proceed
[Page break]
next to count 7 divisions east of this point, then estimate 7/10 th of the following square. After locating this point count 3 divisions North, and then 2/10 th of the following square. This is the exact position occupied.
[Underlined] Definitions. [/underlined]
[Underlined] True North [/underlined] This is the direction of the North Pole from the point of observation.
[Underlined] Magnetic North. [/underlined]
This is the direction towards which a compass needle points when it comes to rest. Ensure that needle is not affected by the presence of iron or magnet etc. [Inserted] [calculations] [/inserted]
[Underlined] Magnetic Variation [/underlined]
This is the angle in degrees West or East of true North.
[Underlined] Grid North. [/underlined]
This is a position shown by line running vertically on a map. These are only to locate grid positions.
1 Statute Mile = 1760 yds
1760 x 3 = 5280 ft.
5280 x 12 = 63360 inches.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Aug 13th 1942 Cpl Jameson [/underlined]
The carburettor is a device for mixing petrol & air in the correct proportion, and supplying this mixture to the engine through the induction manifold. The main components of the carburettor are:-
[Underlined] Float Chamber., [/underlined] to keep a constant supply of petrol at the carburettor.
[Underlined] The Float. [/underlined] Operating an [inserted] the [/inserted] needle valve which maintains the correct level of petrol in the float chamber.
[Underlined] Main Jet. [/underlined]:- of a size to allow the correct quantity of petrol to pass into the mixing chamber, where mixing and vapourisation of petrol and air takes place. (The normal mixture is 15 parts of air to 1 part of petrol.).
[Underlined] The Pilot jet [/underlined] allows the engine to tick over when throttle valve is closed.
[Underlined] The Throttle Valve. [/underlined] which controls the amount of mixture passing into the cylinder, and therefore regulates engine speed and power.
[underlined] Air Strangler [/underlined] or Starting Carburettor (known as choke). To provide the rich mixture for starting a cold engine.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Air Filter [/underlined] Prevents dust & dirt from entering the engine through the carburettor. When the engine is turning, the pistons descending in the cylinder create a depression or suction in the induction manifold. This causes air to enter the air intake through the air filter. As this air passes the head of the jet which protrudes into the mixing chamber, a certain amount of petrol is drawn from the jet, and is mixed thoroughly with air before passing into the engine. The quantity of mixture allowed to pass to the engine is governed by the position of the throttle valve.
[Page break]
[Underlined] CARBURETTOR. [/underlined] 15th Aug 1942
Cpl Jameson.
[Diagram]
Gravity feeds, petrol tank higher than carburettor.
{Petrol Pump.
{Autovac, petrol tank higher [deleted words] [inserted] [deleted] lower [/deleted] than carburettor. [/inserted]
[Page break]
[Diagram]
[Underlined] THE ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM. [/underlined]
[Page break]
[Underlined] The Engine Lubrication System. [/underlined]
The object of the lubrication system is to maintain a supply of oil to all working parts of the engine, such as main and big end bearings, pistons & cylinders etc, and so reduce friction and wear to a minimum. The main components are:
1 The sump which contains engine oil 34A 34/36.
2 An oil pump to force oil from the sump through pipes and ductings to the bearing surfaces.
3 A pressure relief valve to maintain a constant oil pressure while preventing excessive pressure which would probably cause damage to pump or pipes.
4. A filter through which the used oil is cleaned before again passing through the oil channels.
5. Pressure guage, tell tale or warning light to register pressure in the system and to warn the driver when the oil pump is not working correctly.
[Underlined] Main Bearings, big end bearings [/underlined] and sometimes [underlined] Cam Shaft Bearings [/underlined] are fed with oil by direct pressure from the pump, other working parts such as pistons, cylinder walls, small end bearings, cams, valves and tappets which are not fed by pressure, are lubricated by splash or oil mist. This is formed by the oil thrown out of the big ends against the crank case and cylinder walls, where it is broken up
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into fine particles and penetrates to all parts of the crank case. Oil thrown out eventually falls back into circulation.
[Underlined] Necessary Maintenance [/underlined] Check and top up daily with engine oil, every 2000 miles oil must be changed, filters cleaned, unions tightened, and oil leaks reported.
[Underlined] Faults. [/underlined] Engine overheated, caused by low oil level in sump, wrong grade of oil, dirty filter, broken pump, or broken pipes and leaks.
[Inserted] Certain vehicles are fitted with hypoid back axles, and in such cases the back axle will have to be filled with extreme high pressure lubricant. Some gear boxes also have to be filled with extreme high pressure lubricant. In all cases refer to Maintenance Schedule for instructions appertaining to any types of back axle. [/inserted]
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[Underlined] Accident Procedure. Form 446. [/underlined]
If involved in an accident while driving a service vehicle. STOP., and attend to injured persons if any. If necessary obtain medical aid for them quickly. [Underlined] DO NOT ADMIT LIABILITY. [/underlined] by word or deed, or even discuss the question of blame, nor must the service personnel with you. Should a police officer appear on the scene await his permission before continuing your journey. If he requires a statement from you or any Service personnel this may be given to him, but only to him, and out of hearing of any other person. Report the accident immediately on your return. If you have been unable to give the accident slip below to the other person involved, or to a police officer, you must inform your Commanding Officer of this, so that he may report the accident to the police within 24 hours, in accordance with Section 22 of the Road Traffic Act 1930. If you are not returning to your station within 24 hrs, report the accident to the nearest police officer or station.
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[Diagram]
Complete 446, sketches etc, and return form which authorises the treasury solicitor to act on your behalf.
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Cpl Cantley.
[Underlined] Aug 20th 1942. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Mechanical Fuel Pump. [/underlined]
The mechanical fuel pump consists mainly of:-
(1) a diaphragm connected to a lever which is moved by a cam on the Cam shaft, (2) a spring, a chamber in which are two valves and a filter with connecting pipes. When the engine is turned the cam moves the lever, and the diaphragm is pulled downwards, compressing the spring and creating a suction in the pump chamber. This unseats the suction valve and petrol is drawn into the chamber from the tank through the filter. As the cam moves away from the lever, the spring expands forcing the diaphragm upwards. This creates a pressure in the chamber which closes the suction valve and opens the pressure valve forcing petrol through a pipe to the carburettor float chamber.
[Underlined] Electronically Operated Pump [/underlined]
Some vehicles are fitted with an electrically operated fuel pump. Here the diaphragm and valve principle are similar to the mechanical pump, but electrical energy
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derived from the battery is used to operate the diaphragm instead of mechanical energy as before.
[Underlined] Auto-Vac. [/underlined]
On certain heavy vehicles noticeably on Crossleys an Auto-Vac is fitted in the system. With this device a depression or suction caused by the engine pistons or inductor strokes is used to raise petrol to an auxiliary tank on the dash from which it flows into the carburettor by force of gravity.
[Diagram]
[Underlined] Aug 24th 1942. [/underlined]
[Calculations]
[Inserted] From 6 in the morning till 6 at night, the small angle of bisection Gives South.
[Deleted] From [/deleted] After 6pm till sunset, the small angle of bisection gives North.
[Diagram]
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[Underlined] Aug 25th 1942 [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cpl Sheridan. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cooling [/underlined]
An internal combustion engine gets hot when running, but it must not become too hot, or damage will occur, nor must the engine become too cool. To maintain the necessary temperature, a water cooling system is used. The heat producing parts of the engine are surrounded by passage ways or jackets through which the water flows in a steady stream. It is a natural law that when the water is heated, the heated portion tends to rise to the surface. In a car, the hot water from the top of the cylinder block flows up a pipe to the top of the [deleted] cylinder [/deleted] radiator. As it descends through the radiator it is cooled, and having reached the bottom of the radiator, flows back into the water jackets replacing the hotter liquid leaving at the top. Thus a continual flow is maintained on the Thermo Syphon system. The flow may be assisted by an engine driven pump such as a centrifugal pump, or an impellor assisted pump. To assist still further in reaching the temperature needed for correct running,
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a thermostatic principal [sic] can be used. The thermostatic principal [sic] means that s thermo static valve would be fitted in the near vicinity of the cylinder block, & the valve because it is affected by heat would disallow the water from the cylinder block to pass it and come into contact with the cold water in the radiator. In other words it means simply that the thermo static valve enables the water already in the cylinder block, to be heated at the correct temperature without interfering with the main source of supply coming from the radiator.
In very cold weather there is a danger of damage being cause by the water freezing in the cooling system, hence the need for anti-freezing mixture or the complete drainage of the system if the engine is left idle.
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[Underlined] SIMPLE COIL IGNITION CIRCUIT. [/underlined]
[Diagram]
[Page break]
[Underlined] Coil Ignition [/underlined]
The method in which the coil ignition system works is as follows:-
By switching on the ignition making a complete electrical circuit. There will be a low current in the case of the 12 V Battery. There will be 12 Volts flowing through to the ammeter, and from there through the ignition switch and so on to the primary winding, and from there to the contact breaker points (which are usually fitted in the distributor head). At this stage the contact breaker points will open and break down that first initial current, but in losing one current a new current is induced from the primary winding on to the secondary winding, which is approx. 15,000 Volts. This new current will then be sent through to the contact breaker points and this time they will close and allow the new circuit to go to the Rotor Arm of the distributor head. The Rotor Arm will then distribute the electricity by means of segments in the distributor casing to
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each plug in turn.
The mag. dynamo is distinctive from the coil ignition system in as much that it depends entirely on itself and provides its own spark to the plug points. The coil ignition system cannot do this as it depends upon its battery for its initial source of energy.
The condenser used in conjunction with coil ignition systems absorbs any excess electricity which might cause pitting or sparking or blackening of the points. Too much electricity causes carbon at the points, this in turn would cause tracking or arcing at the points.
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[Underlined] Aug 26th 194[missing number] [/underlined]
War gas is a term used to denote any chemical whether liquid, solid or vapour which has poisonous or injurious effects upon the body.
[Diagram]
CAP. = White crystalline solid.
BAC. = Yellow [indecipherable] crystalline solid very persistent. Frontal headaches. Stinging of skin.
SK = Very persistent. Reddish Brown. Attacks eyes. Smell – Pear Drops, iodine, pineapple.
DM = Dirty green solid. When heated gives of [sic] vapour. Causes vomiting, tickling in nose & throat. Arsenical Smokes. Frontal headaches.
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Image 22 of 46 Left Hand Page
Aching gums & teeth. Causes acute depression, with [indecipherable] tendencies if concentrations is high. Takes effect after 5 mins. Effects wear off after 12 hrs. Dangerous to food & water. Shake Clothes.
[Underlined] Chlorine [/underlined] Greenish yellow vapour. Invisible when diffused in the air. Corrodes metals & destroys clothing & fabric. Causes asphyxiation.
[Underlined] Phosgene [/underlined] Invisible. Smells of musty hay. Corrodes metals. Rots clothing. Coughing at first then a feeling of well being; but affects take place later. Destroys taste of tobacco.
No2 ANTI-Gas Ointment = “Chloramine T”.
[Underlined] Chloropicrin. [/underlined] Effects as Tear & Nose Gas. Cumulative effect. Violent coughing.
[Underlined] Arsenic [/underlined] Colourless vapour. Non Persistent. Can be obtained from Calcium Arsenite. Pins & needles in limbs. Attacks kidneys & liver. Destroys Red Corpuscles in body. Severe pains in stomach sickness & nausea. Faint smell onions.
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[Underlined] Mustard. [/underlined] Dark oily substance. Smells of onions or horseradish. Soluble in fats.
[Underlined] Lewisite. [/underlined] Smell of Geraniums. In pure form no smell. Persistent.
Blisters (Lewisite & Mustard) form after 4-8 hrs, with vapour 6-8 hrs, & take 3 [deleted] weeks [/deleted] [inserted] months [/inserted] to heal. Mustard leaves a scar, lewisite does not leave scar.
[Underlined] Mustard [/underlined] turns detector dark red.
[Underlined] Lewisite [/underlined] turns detector bright red – almost purple.
[Inserted] Lewisite turns detector bright red almost purple
[Indecipherable]
F/Lt Wilke [/inserted]
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(a) [Underlined] Decontamination [/Underlined] (b) [Underlined] Principles & Methods [/underlined]
(a) [Underlined] PRINCIPALS [sic] (b) METHODS [/underlined]
1. (a) Removal (b) Hosing, mopping, solvents.
2. (a) Destruction (b) Boiling, burning bleaching
3. (a) Sealing. (b) Water Glass, earth, earth and bleach, paper.
4. (a) Weathering & Avoidance. (b) Sun, Wind Rain.
[Underlined] Contamination [/underlined] is the presence of any chemical whether liquid, solid, or vapour on any object person or thing capable of giving off a poisonous gas.
[Underlined] Decontamination [/underlined] is the minimising of contamination, so as to render the object, person or thing safe for personel [sic].
[Underlined] Factors which influence our choice of methods. [/underlined]
1) Degree of danger to personel [sic].
2) Amount & type of contamination.
3) Facilities available.
4) Type of surface.
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[Underlined] Decontamination of M.T. Vehicles [/underlined]
Keep all doors & windows closed. Run to site prepared in MT. yard if possible. Tracks of bleach should be laid down for vehicle to run over.
[Underlined] Types of surface to be treated [/underlined]
1) Woodwork.
2) Metal Work
3) Rubber.
4) Canvas etc.
The first general treatment is to hose down vehicle. Failing this mop off surface liquid with rag. 10lbs of bleach paste – 1 gall water. Cover woodwork with this, scrub it in & leave till decontamination work is carried out.
[Underlined] Metal Work [/underlined] contamination removed by solvent or paraffin.
[Underlined] Engines. [/underlined] Preliminary mopping, & remove surface contamination. Uncouple all electric leads & wash with methylated spirit. Use rags to remove all grease & dirt. Pour solvent over till it runs off clean. Rub all over metal work & engine with rags dipped in solvent. Never use cotton waste on engine.
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[Underlined] Rubber [/underlined] Types will absorb blister gas.
a) tyres will be washed with petrol or covered with bleach paste in which case paste will be left for 2 or 3 days.
b) Gross contamination may not be altogether removed in this manner in which case a distinguishing mark (a yellow oval label with purple diagonals) is affixed to the tyres affected, as a warning when removal becomes necessary. (use gloves or No 2 A. G. Ointment)
[Underlined] Canvas. [/underlined] Fabric and canvas can be treated with bleach paste, cover both sides if badly contaminated, if heavily contaminated – burn, lightly cont. – boil.
c) [Underlined] Leatherwork [/underlined] If heavily contaminated upholstery etc should be removed & destroyed. If facilities are available leather will be boiled & decontaminated. If cont. is light treat with No 2 Anti-Gas Ointment & leave for 3 hrs, then remove & apply another layer & allow to remain.
Final hosing down of all external surfaces to remove bleach paste the vehicle is allowed to weather for 24 hrs
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if circumstances permit.
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[Underlined] Friday Aug 28th Cpl Edwards [/underlined]
[Underlined] Dynamo and its uses. [/underlined]
The dynamo is fitted to an engine, and can be driven either by belt, timing wheels, or timing chains.
Main purpose is to supply the accumulator with a charge of Low Tension current so that when such as the horn & lights are to be used when the engine is not running, the accumulator or battery will not be empty of charge.
When the engine is running, dynamo charging indication is given by means of the ammeter. The ammeter registers also the discharge from the accumulator to the accessories.
The charge reading is from the dynamo to the accumulator.
The ammeter is situated in the wiring between the dynamo and the battery.
[Underlined] Cut out. [/underlined] An electrical device also fitted between dynamo and battery and its main purpose is to prevent the battery from discharging its current back to the dynamo
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when the engine is switched off.
[Underlined] Battery [/underlined] Lead Acid = Distilled Water.
KNI-FE = Electrolyte. [Inserted] Distilled Water [/inserted]
Utensils must not be used at the same time for both types unless thoroughly cleaned between ops.
[Underlined] The Care and Maintenance of an Accumulator. [/underlined]
Never spill liquid. Absolute cleanliness of the top of the battery. Get clean from oil dirt & dust. Terminal posts to be free from verdigris. All connections from accumulator (or battery) smeared on the outside with vaseline, filler stopper cap, air vents to be kept open. (Battery a storage plant which feeds the accessories when any certain switch is operated).
[Underlined] Commutator and Carbon Brushes. [/underlined]
Commutator is at one end of an armature shaft. Its object is to collect in one part the electrical current in the dynamo. Riding on the face of the commutator is a
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carbon brush, and this carries the current to the accumulator wire terminals.
[Underlined] Braking Systems. [/underlined]
Mechanical = muscular inertion [sic].
Servo = Engine assisted.
Hydraulic = Fluid moved along a pipe.
[Underlined] Mechanical Braking [/underlined] Where rods, cables & levers are moved when applying brakes, either hand or foot. This calls for constant energy on the part of the driver.
[Underlined] Servo [/underlined] or engine assisted. By the sue of a Servo motor which is coupled to the brake rods cables or levers and their movement is helped by this mechanical device inasmuch that the pedal opens a valve (when engine is running) and the engine itself, not the drivers pressure on the pedal, moves these rods cables & levers.
[Underlined] Hydraulic System. [/underlined] This system only operates
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with foot brake mechanism. Works on all four wheels, each brake having a pipe leading to the master cylinder. This master cylinder contains oil as also do the pipes, one end of the master cylinder having a piston which when the foot brake is depressed, moves the oil along these pipes under pressure.
An oil well or Reservoir keeps the Master Cylinder supplied with the correct quantity of hydraulic oil.
Although rods, levers, & cables or fluid under pressure may apply the brakes, only the return springs or “pull off” release the brakes.
[Diagram]
[Page break]
Aug 31st 1942.
Cpl. Edwards.
[Underlined] Convoy Regulations. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Distances between Vehicles. [/underlined] In normal traffic (town) 12 yds apart. In open country 50 yds. (not less). Whilst parking 6ft must be left on either side of your vehicle. This must be done if possible off the road, never stop at a cross road, a narrow bridge, a steep hill, congested area, always try for a site where one can enter and leave with a minimum delay. At night when parked in line the leading vehicle will carry two lighted side lamps only. The rear vehicle will have its tail light clearly visible to oncoming traffic. Before halting always make sure that authority has been given to do so, as the driver is not allowed to mount or dismount without the Convoys Commanders consent. Always leave the handbrake full on.
One halt is made in every hour and then any questions concerning the running of the
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car, the shifting of the load etc etc., will be reported to the N.C.O. I.C. Block. No lifts may be given without authority. A.M.O/71.
When travelling in convoy this is split in blocks (for Control). Leader of the convoy details speed, arranges halts, arranges detours of towns and adapts the speed of the convoy [underlined] to suit the speed of the slowest vehicle in the convoy. [/underlined]
The C.C. gives orders to B.C. and the second I.C. [inserted] (in command) [/inserted] is always in the rear vehicle, complete with fitter & tool kit. Their job is to find out whether a vehicle which has stopped with engine trouble, can be repaired or beyond repair. If totally U/S., the load has to be redistributed among the other vehicles. If car has to be towed, phone through to the nearest R.A.F. Camp from the local police station. Inform a CO [inserted] of the Transport where you are phoning [/inserted] of whereabouts also whether car can be towed in ordinary manner. [Deleted] To keep [/deleted]
To keep in touch with all vehicles, the driver will maintain a keen
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look out through the mirror or rear panel, for the car behind. If the car behind stops, you will stop. This carries on until the whole of the convoy is brought to a standstill, and applies only to mechanical breakdown.
Average speed of Convoy is 12 miles per hour.
A.O.G. Aircraft on Ground.
If ill, give the “overtake” signal to driver behind.
Can obtain the M.T. officer & Adjutant’s permission to take any of the station personel [sic] on a trip, if this doesn’t entail any alteration of the route.
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[Underlined] Cpl Cantley [/underlined]
[Underlined] Sep 1st [/underlined] 1942.
[Underlined] Braking Systems. [/underlined]
A means of slowing down or periodically stopping is the purpose for which automobile brakes are fitted. The heavier the vehicle and load and the greater the speed, the harder becomes the task of the brakes, and the more efficient they are required to be. The most efficient brakes are those which will without locking the wheels and causing skidding do this task in the shortest time and distance. The types of brakes most vehicles are fitted with are internal expanding brakes. That is shoes fitted inside brake drums operated by different methods which by expanding the shoes bring them in contact with the inside of the drums. The shoes are firmly fixed to an anchor plate, the drums being free to revolve with the wheels. The shoes are surfaced with what is known as brake lining, a special material manufactured for this purpose. When shoes are expanded by the depression of the foot pedal, they are returned to the “off” position by means of springs.
[Underlined] Adjustment. [/underlined] Brakes are correctly adjusted when the
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shoes are just clear of the drums in the “off” position. If this is correctly done only a small amount of travel will be required on the foot pedal to bring them on. They must also be so that effect is brought to bear on all wheels evenly.
[Underlined] Braking Methods. [/underlined] The most usual methods of braking are.
1. Mechanically operated.
2. Hydraulically operated.
3. Vacuum Servo assisted.
In the several existing types of mechanically operated brakes in use the adjustment is effected by means of screw devices on the operating rods or drums. As from foot pedal to drums the operation is carried out by means of rods and or cables in conjunction with levers.
In the hydraulically operated system the operator depends on fluid contained in a master cylinder which is directly connected with the foot pedal which when depressed pumps this fluid along a series of pipe lines to the drums where it enters secondary cylinders inside the drums. containing small pistons which in operation force the shoes apart in the drum. This pressure
[page break]
applied to the foot pedal is equally distributed to all drums simultaneously, which causes even braking.
The main things requiring attention in the system are keep system full of fluid and avoid all leakage.
[Underlined] The Vacuum Servo System [/underlined] is dependent for its operation on suction from the inlet manifold in the engine to operate a piston in a separate cylinder. The piston rod connected to the braking system augments or assists the driver’s effort in depressing the foot pedal.
[Inserted] [Numbers] [inserted]
[Page break]
A dynamo is a mechanical device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of a Low Tension current which is used to charge the battery.
Magneto is a device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of a High Tension Current to supply the necessary sparks to plug points.
[Inserted] A dynamo is a [indecipherable word] which converts [indecipherable words] which is used to [indecipherable words] [/inserted]
[inserted][Indecipherable words][/inserted]
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Aug 31st 194[missing number].
[Inserted] [indecipherable]
AF G George
BB284 [/inserted]
[Underlined] First Aid for Gas. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Tear Group. [/underlined] Feeling of hysteria. Irrigate eyes with saline soln (1 teas salt – 1 pt water). May use same quantity of bicarb of soda soln if necessary.
[Underlined] Nose Group. [/underlined] DM. Remove Dentures. Give bicarb of soda if patient is sick. Remove any weapons. Give alcohol or hot tea. Can give a nasal douch and irrigate eyes.
[Underlined] Lethal Group. [/underlined] Dealt with by M.O. Treat for surgical shock, and keep patient warm. Raise feet 6”. Apply hot water bottles to hands and feet if possible. Give sips of hot sweet tea. [Underlined] NEVER GIVE ALCOHOL., [/underlined] as it irritates the already damaged lungs. Keep on Res. Patient will be coughing violently.
[Underlined] Phosgene. [/underlined] Concentration will have to be fairly high before the patient starts coughing. There may be a feeling of well being, but patient is definitely a stretcher case. Never allow patient to move.
[Underlined] Arsenic [/underlined] Treat for shock. Take to MO, stating how long patient has been in the concentration. Effects may be delayed. Reassure.
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[Underlined] Blister Group. [/underlined] Lewisite, Mustard or E.D. Irrigate eyes if necessary for 10mins. Send casualties to M.O. May shade damaged eye but do not completely cover. Mop off any surplus liquid, then apply No. 2 ANTI-Gas Ointment. Do not put this on skin under eyes.
[Underlined] Personal Decontamination [/underlined] Scrub skin until it turns pink. Use a shower if possible.
Lewisite blisters contain arsenic. Bathe with hydrogen peroxide, and allow a swab to remain for 1/2 hour. E.D. Rub down with soda [indecipherable word] after having applied ointment.
[Underlined] Carbon Monoxide [/underlined] Sleepiness & unconsciousness. Apply artificial respiration. Take to M.O.
H.C.M. Use artificial Respiration. Keep warm. M.O.
[Underlined] Phosphorenes. [/underlined] Remove with tweezers. Take off clothing. Damp, field dressing with Saline soln and apply. Send to M.O. Treat for shock, give hot sweet tea if possible.
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[Numbers]
4th September. 1942.
Cpl Howell
[Underlined] The Use and Abuse of the Choke. [/underlined]
The use of the choke is to provide a rich mixture for starting a cold engine. The abuse of the choke causes the engine to overheat and the dilution of the oil in the sump.
[Underlined] The Lighting Circuit [/underlined]
A circuit may be wired [deleted] into [/deleted] in two different ways, Single pole and double pole. In the double pole circuit two wires are used, while in the single pole circuit the body of the lamp is used as an earth wire. Care must be taken when replacing bulbs to see (that) whether single pole or double pole bulbs are needed also whether 6 V or 12 V.
[Underlined] Necessary Maintenance [/underlined]
See that all connections are clean and tight, and that no wires are bare or frayed.
[Underlined] Running Faults. [/underlined]
Lights Flicker caused by dirty or loose connections.
Two or more lights go out, usually caused by burnt (or blown) fuse. Before rewiring fuse make sure that the cause is found and remedied
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before fitting new fuse.
Sept 7th Cpl Howell.
[Underlined] Motor Transport [inserted] Maintenance [/inserted] Form 656. [/underlined]
Form 656 is a Vehicle Maintenance Form. It is a record of the details concerning the vehicle whose registration No. it carries. It is issued monthly and the details for entry on Form 656 includes:- [Underlined] Front Side. [/underlined] Vehicle registered No. Vehicle Type.
Month for which the Form [inserted] is [/inserted] current.
Drivers Name.
Mileage at which periodical inspections fall due.
Speedometer reading Daily.
Daily Mileage.
Total miles or hours run to date.
Petrol issues.
Oil Issues.
Signature of Driver carrying out daily inspection.
Signature of N.C.O. checking daily inspection
Total mileage run during the month.
Total petrol used during month.
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[Inserted] P Peter
B Flight [/inserted]
Average miles per gallon.
[Underlined] Reverse side [/underlined]
Vehicle Defects as they become apparent.
Repairs as they are carried out.
Details of periodic inspections, and Signature of persons carrying them out.
Certificate that all 656 Entries have been copied into Form 813. (Vehicle Log Book).
The Driver is responsible for marking all entries in the daily log, for signing on completion of daily inspection, for entering particulars of defects as they occur, and for signing in appropriate column on completion of all periodical inspections.
[Inserted] Date Speeds at D.I. [indecipherable words] Speed to date P. O. oil Daily [indecipherable words]
Vehicle type 500
Reg No. 2000
[indecipherable words]
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[Underlined] 500 – Mile Inspection. [/underlined]
Care must be taken to observe from the Form 656 when an inspection is due, and prior to the mileage at which the inspection is due the N.C.O. I.C. Transport should be warned. The Maintenance Schedule which is an instruction book, is provided for every type of vehicle in the service, and this should be obtained before the commencement of a periodical inspection. Details of parts requiring attention at each inspection will be found in the Maintenance Schedule. A 500 mile inspection consists mainly of:-
(1) The daily inspection.
(2) Washing down of vehicle.
(3) Lubrication of all moving parts such as steering, universal joint, brake linkages, springs etc.
(4) Inspection of tyres for signs of wear, and misalignment.
(5) Topping up of batteries with distilled water.
(6) Security of all parts and visual inspection for damage.
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[Underlined] Sept 10th 1942. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cpl. Sheridan. [/underlined]
[Underlined] |Frost Precautions [/underlined]
For vehicles which are not required to stand by, water to be drained from every part of the cooling system. Particular attention to be paid to the water circulating pumps, and cylinder block cocks. Petrol to be turned off, engine to be run on petrol remaining in carburettor. For vehicles which are required to stand by Correct cover or substitute to be placed over bonnet. Lighted lamp (catalytic) to be placed under the bonnet after petrol is turned off and cleared from the system.
It is essential that a wire or rod be placed through plug holes and drain cocks frequently to ensure that sludge and deposit are not accumulating and obstructing the clear flow of water.
When a vehicle is standing by out in the open in severe wintry weather where no water for the radiator is available, the
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vehicle must be parked in the open in a sheltered position, radiator away from the wind, bonnet cover or substitute should be fitted and whether anti-freezing mixture is used or not the engine should be run for a period of 5 minutes every hour. Anti-freezing compound consists of 9 parts ethylene-clycol [sic] to 16 parts of water.
In the event of the system freezing up hot water rags will be applied to the affected parts.
Ist Oct to beginning of May.
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[Underlined] Care of Tyres. Cpl Sheridan [/underlined]
Tyres can be ruined by bad driving. For example fierce braking, harsh acceleration, going over rough roads at high speeds, mounting the pavement, scraping the side of the kerb. Tyres must not be left standing in oil. Any stones etc which are noticed lodging in the tyres are to be removed immediately, and above all the correct tyre pressure is essential, because the more tyre exposed to the road than is necessary means consequent rapid tyre wear.
11th Sept 1942.
Cpl Sheridan.
[Underlined] The Lead Acid Type Battery. [/underlined]
The battery consists of an outer container of robust construction, which must be non-porous, acid proof, and also a good insulator. This container holds the acid or electrolyte, and also the plates and separators. The plate consists of:- lead alloy grids or frames
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constructed with numerous recesses into which is pressed the chemicals, which supply the electrical energy. In order to prevent contact between oposite [sic] plates, non-conducting separaters [sic] of ebonite or specially treated wood are used. The electrolyte used to cover the plates is diluted sulphuric acid and plays a very important part in the chemical action of the battery. When the battery is in a fully charged condition the electrolyte is dilute sulphuric acid, the chemical on the positive plate is lead peroxide which is hard and of chocolate colour, and that on the negative grey spongy lead. When the battery is connected to a complete electrical circuit owing to the different nature of these chemicals they react [inserted] with the electrolyte and [/inserted] with each other [deleted] and [/deleted] this causes an electric current to flow. When the battery is in a fully discharged condition both sets of plates are covered with lead sulphate, and have a whiteish grey appearance with the electrolyte almost water, for the
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Sulphion [sic] has been taken away from the electrolyte to form lead sulphate. In this condition both plates are coated with lead sulphate and as there is now no difference between the chemicals on the plates there is no difference in electrical level, and no flow of current.
[Underlined] Methods of Immobilisation [/underlined]
(1) Ignition will be switched off and ignition key taken away if possible. Lock all doors and windows and remove rotor arm from distributor.
(2) If unable to remove rotor arm another method would be to remove the upper half of the mechanical petrol pump if vehicle is fitted with same.
(3) If the vehicle is fitted with steering which can be locked, this will be sufficient in itself.
(4) (In the event of the vehicle.)
In the case of Fordson Vehicles the throttle arm can be easily removed.
[Page break]
[Underlined] M. T. Forms Cpl. Sheridan. [/underlined]
[Underlined] 748 – Inventory Form. [/underlined]
This is a schedule of all equipment in the vehicle. If a driver is sent to a storage depot to collect a vehicle, the vehicle is checked with a form 748, the driver making observations when an article is missing.
(Note [inserted] Form [/inserted] 464 is inserted into the back of Form 748.). and is known as Issues and Withdrawal form
813 [Underlined] Vehicle Log Book. [/underlined]
This records the history of the vehicle. Eg. Record of overhauler, Repairs, replacements, mileage and miles per gallon.
Note Form 748 and 813 must accompany the vehicle whenever it is dispatched to a new unit.
446. [Underlined] Accident Report Form. [/underlined]
260. [Underlined] Route Form. [/underlined]
Contains instructions for the Route to be taken by the driver.
Note. Form 446 and 260 always carried
[Page break]
in vehicle.
656. [Underlined] Vehicle Maintenance [/underlined]
658. [Underlined] Transport Requisition [/underlined]
Should be carried but the driver when proceeding on a journey. On the front of the form is stated type of vehicle required, destination, time to pick up, place to pick up, date, route to be followed and the signature of the person requesting transport, and the person authorising the use of it. On the back of the form is put the speedometer reading before and after the journey, the mileage covered, time in and out, and drivers signature.
[Underlined] Booking Out and Booking In Book. [/underlined]
Before leaving the transport yard with a vehicle always book your vehicle out in the booking out book, stating the speedometer reading, destination, type of vehicle, time of leaving yard. On your return, enter time of return
[Page break]
total time occupied, and the speedometer reading.
814. [Underlined] Record of Transport Mileage. [/underlined]
Record of all mileages of M.T. Vehicles in a Transport Section. The monthly totals are used to find the miles per gallon consumption of each vehicle.
361. [Underlined] Petrol Log Book. [/underlined]
Record of all petrol drawn for vehicles in [deleted] 6 [/deleted] a transport section.
674. [Underlined] Internal Demand Voucher. [/underlined] [Inserted] 673 [indecipherable word] 675 Returns [/inserted]
This is used to demand stores etc. This form is made out for petrol and oil which may be required for the return journey when carrying out long trips.
2084. [Underlined] Billeting Form. [/underlined]
1771. [Underlined] Subsistence Allowance form. [/underlined] allows you to claim money after you have been away from Camp for so many hours.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Finding True North at Night. [/underlined]
[Diagram]
[Page break]
[Underlined] Sept 17th Cpl Sheridan [/underlined]
[underlined] Running Faults. [/underlined]
[Underlined] (a) Engine Misfires. (b) Ignition. (c) Carburettor. (d) Mechanical. [/underlined]
(b) Sparking plug. Porclain [sic] could be cracked. H.T. to spark plugs loose. Sparking plug gap incorrect. Battery connections loose. (c) Water in carburettor. Blockage in carburettor. Needle valve sticking. Petrol pump faulty. (d) Sticking Valve Valves burnt or broken. Valve spring broken Incorrect valve clearance.
(a) Engine starts and stops. (b) Faulty switch contact. L.T. lead loose. (c) Petrol line blocked. Water in petrol. Needle valve sticking. Petrol pump faulty. Petrol exhausted. Air leaks.
(a) Engine will not start. Starter does not crank engine. (b) [Deleted] Start [/deleted] No spark at plugs. Spark plug porcelain cracked. Spark plug oiled up. Spark plug gaps too wide or too close. L.T lead loose. Dirty or worn distributor points. (C. B point)
[Page break]
[Underlined] Running Faults. [/underlined]
(a) Engine will not start cont. [Underlined] (b) Ignition (c) Carburettor. (d) Mechanical. [/underlined]
(b) Carbon brush not making contact. Wrong gap at C.B. points. Faulty timing. Faulty condenser. Loose connection at back. Coil burnt out. (c) No petrol in carburettor. Air leak in petrol line. Blockage in carb. pipe line. Faulty petrol pump. Chocked jets. Air leak in induction manifold. Water in petrol. Dirt in carburettor.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Sept 18th Cpl Sheridan. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Fire Extinguishers and Precautions. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Fire Precautions [/underlined]
Pyrene fire extinguisher in a serviceable condition will be carried at all times on each vehicle. An M.T. Driver will not smoke when on duty in or near his vehicle. Report any small petrol leaks as they develop. Keep under shields free from oil and petrol. Do not flood the carburettor unnecessarily. If a fire occurs in the carburettor while the engine is running switch off the petrol, and open up the throttle. Never use water on an oil or petrol fire. If a small fire try to smother it with felt, or a blanket or even your greatcoat. When a petrol tap is fitted in the petrol system and a fire occurs, switch off the engine immediately and use fire extinguisher on an engine or carburettor fire. KEEP BONNET CLOSED., and direct pyrene through the louvres of the bonnet on to the seat of the fire, or the exhaust manifold if this is hot.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Instructions on collecting a vehicle. [/underlined]
The driver will collect railway warrant and route form (260), also temporary 656, [deleted] also 658 must be [/deleted]. On arriving at Maintenance Unit or R.A.F. Camp, report to person I.C. of vehicles. Before vehicle is taken away it must be checked by the 748. [Inserted] 748 + 813 to be brought back with vehicle.). [/inserted] If petrol is drawn for the vehicle – including oil, this will be noted on temporary 656, and will have to be signed for on a 674. Driver will sign at the bottom right hand side of 674, but at the same time the driver will be carrying the 658 for the return journey and the amount of petrol and oil drawn will be put on same, and will be signed by the person issuing, so making a double check. If the journey back entails being away from Camp for the night or more, a billeting form (2084) will be carried. In the event of having an accident on the return journey, 446 must be carried. On returning to Camp, vehicle will again be checked N.C.O. I.C. M.T. Section and the 658 will be handed in, complete with 813 and 748 and temporary 656.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Sept 22nd Cpl Chinook. [/underlined]
[Underlined] 446. Procedure. [/underlined]
1. You must always carry Form 446
2. Do not wait until an accident happens, get familiar with accident Report in advance.
3. Note that the front of Form 446 requires completion at the scene of the accident.
4. With the exception of the Sketch, the reverse side can be completed on your return to Unit.
5. [Underlined] The Sketch. [/underlined] Do not attempt an elaborate sketch, but you must get all measurements, road widths, skid marks, etc. Then sketch can be properly prepared on return.
6. [Underlined] Section H. [/underlined] The completion of this is very important. Detachable slip must be completed and handed to person concerned.
7. If your vehicle has received steering damage, do not attempt to drive back unless you are certain it is safe to do so, and should wheels be badly out of alignment the destruction of a tyre is almost certain
8. Accidents will happen, but, these can be no excuse for failing to obtain the necessary
[Page break]
information to complete Form 446 or adopting the correct procedure after the accident has occurred.
9. Remember, that an accident, however trivial in your opinion is an [underlined] accident [/underlined], and as such must be reported.
10. Having used your Form 446 don’t forget to obtain replacement without delay.
11. When making phone calls as in B & C of instructions ask exchange to reverse the charge for the call.
[Underlined] Lighting Regulations. Sept 22nd Cpl Sheridan [/underlined]
During lighting up times, must carry two white lights forward and two side lights, and one red light facing rear (tail). The side lights must be fitted so that the centre of the lamps is not more that 1ft from the extreme edge of the vehicle or its load. Bulbs used in side lamps must not exceed 7 Watts. The tail lamp must be fitted in the centre or on the off side, not higher than 3ft 6” from the ground and not more than 6ft from the extreme rear of the vehicle or its load.
[Page break]
on a P.S.V. or some older vehicles the tail lamp is fitted in a very high position, and in such cases the vehicle must carry a red reflector on a 12” [deleted] white [/deleted] background in the regulation tail lamp position.
[Underlined] Additional War time Regulations. [/underlined]
The side light must not show any light except towards the front. The aperture must not be more than 1” diameter and it must be covered by two thicknesses of newspaper, so that the light is clearly visible from 30 yds distance. A tail light must not show any light except a red light towards the rear. The aperture must be over 1” but not more than 2” in diameter.
[Underlined] Headlamps. [/underlined] must be fitted with a regulation mask or screened so that no light is thrown outside a radius of 15ft., power of bulbs must not be more than 36 Watts.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Sept 23rd Cpl Sheridan. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Towing. [/underlined]
The towing vehicle should be brought up to position so that both vehicles and the tow rope or cable are in a straight line. The tow rope should be attached to the towing hooks never to axles or springs. The slack of the tow rope should be taken up until the towing vehicle is just taking up the strain. When a disabled vehicle with no motive power is being moved the clutch of the towing vehicle must be engaged slowly and easly [sic] and smooth upchanging of gears must be made to prevent snatching of the tow rope. When towing over a long distance the driver of the towing vehicle is to use prearranged signals for stops etc. He must slow down gradually and make wide turns. The towed vehicle must have the number of the towing vehicle and the words [underlined] ON TOW [/underlined] clearly written on the tail board.
[Underlined] F.N. [/underlined] Length of tow-rope must not exceed more than 15ft.
[Underlined] Bogging. [/underlined]
When endeavouring to dislodge a bogged vehicle the clutches of both vehicles must be engaged
[Page break]
simultaneously, this will assist both vehicles in getting underway. When a vehicle is bogged and no other vehicle is available either of the following methods may be successful. Y
1). Keep engine revolutions low.
[Deleted] 2) [/deleted] Select Reverse gear, do not move steering wheel and vehicle may move out in its own tracks.
2) Dig away loose soil or sand from behind bogged wheels, so that a gentle sloping channel is formed. Line channel with stones or timber etc, or felt, sacking, or any material likely to afford grip for the driving vehicle. Gently try to reverse out.
F.N. After vehicle has been removed on to safe ground it will be inspected for damage.
Tow rope should be attached to centre of towing vehicle and to the off side of the towed vehicle.
[Page break]
[Underlined] Sept 24th Cpl Sheridan [/underlined]
[Underlined] Action of the Clutch. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Single Plate Clutch. [/underlined]
The elementary parts of a plate clutch consist of:-
1) Flywheel.
2) Friction Plate connected to the gear box driving shaft. (3) pressure plate attached to the flywheel and made to revolve with it.
4) Springs to keep plates together.
5) Clutch trunnion fork for operating the clutch in & out.
[Underlined] Actions Clutch in. [/underlined]
The friction plate is lightly gripped between flywheel and pressure plate by springs and forced round by the flywheel, hence the load is connected to the engine.
[Underlined] Clutch out. [/underlined]
Pressure plate is away from the flywheel against the springs releasing friction plate which is no longer carried round by the flywheel. This disconnects the engine and the load. [deleted] As the springs begin to force the plates [/deleted]
[Page break]
A dynamo is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy in the form of a L.T Current which is used to charge the battery.
A magneto is a device which is used to convert M. Energy into E Energy in the form of H. Tension used to supply the necessary spark to plug points.
[Underlined] Cpl. [/underlined]
[Page break]
[Blank Page]
[Page break]
[Blank Page]
[Page break]
Internal
Flywheel
Friction Plate connects gear box driving shaft
Pressure Plate attached to [indecipherable words]
[Page break]
Dee Bradley, C/O 52B Brook-Bank
68, Braythorne Avenue Clapham London
S.W.4.
574 Internal Demand.
Ops Stopped Pass
Order of Traffic Signs 34/36
Engine oil 34A/35 – 34A/56
Gear oil 34A/50 – 34A 57
[Indecipherable word] oil 34A/57 – 34A/61
[Indecipherable word] oil 34/68. – 34/12
Yellow Grease 34A/2 – 34A/61
Non [indecipherable word] 34A/61
From 2011188
TO. Officer Commanding M Section
DATE.
[Indecipherable words]
[Page break]
[Blank page]
[Page break]
[Back page]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jill Nicholl's MT course notebook
Description
An account of the resource
Includes don'ts for MT drivers, technical terms, notes on vehicle chassis and drive shafts, brakes, bearings, care and maintenance, inspections, controls and engines. Goes on with using maps and routes. Continues with lubricating systems, accident procedure, fuel pumps, ignition. Covers decontamination, dynamos. braking systems, convoy regulations, lighting, MT forms, frost precautions, batteries, methods of immobilization, MT Publications and logbooks, running faults, fire precautions and extinguishers, other MT procedures and regulations, towing,
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J E K Nicholls
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08
1942-09
Format
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Multi-page handwritten notebook
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Training material
Identifier
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MNichollsJEK2011088-200201-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08
1942-09
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Spatial Coverage
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Great Britain
Contributor
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Anne-Marie Watson
ground personnel
service vehicle
training
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1510/28954/SNolanJF150621v10013-0001.2.jpg
cb747bd935a83608777660e25c424d45
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1510/28954/SNolanJF150621v10013-0002.2.jpg
3b06d1f12cb54f86ced45a35e6f3cc74
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nolan, Frank
J F Nolan
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-05-17
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Nolan, JF
Description
An account of the resource
Thirty-one items. The collection concerns Frank Nolan who served in the British Army 1939-1941 after which he was released with disability pension. He then trained and served as an inspector for the ministry of aircraft production, aeronautical inspection directorate at aircraft manufacturers. Collection contains correspondence, work inspection work documents, photographs, diaries and objects. Includes a sub collection work folder with 28 further items consisting correspondence and inspection reports.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by JE Nolan and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Transcribed document
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Transcription
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[Underlined] Process Check on Cadmium Plating to D.T.D. 904.
“Y” Shed. 26. 8. 42. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Preparation [/underlined]
Parts are effectively cleaned before plating in a Zonax electrical cleaning bath, which is maintained just below boiling point at approx. 180°F, and at a current of 5 volts, in accordance with maker’s instructions.
[Underlined] Electrolyte [/underlined]
Is a Cannings proprietary product and is in a fairly clean condition. A sample is taken approximately once weekly by the W.I.D. for test, and additions made as required.
[Underlined] Plating [/underlined]
Is carried out at room temperature, (bath is not heated). Cathode and anode rails across the bath are in a satisfactorily clean condition. Parts are correctly suspended in bath with copper wire for a period of 20 to 30 mins. Bath is not agitated. Voltage and amperage are correct.
[Underlined] Washing after Plating. [/underlined]
Parts are washed in cold, then hot running water and allowed to dry.
[Underlined] Removal of Brittleness [/underlined]
Parts are tempered in oil at a temperature between 100° and 200°C.
[Underlined] Tests. [/underlined]
Test pieces are put in once per week, the last one dated 25/8/42 /contd.
[Page break]
Contd/
They are subjected to porosity and thickness tests. Thickness on last test piece was 0.0004” and porosity was O.K.
Book records, which are kept of all electrolyte tests and test pieces, were checked and found in order. It was noted that thickness of coat is measured by micrometer and not by weight as in Appendix II of D.T.D. 904.
Process as viewed is considered satisfactory, with the exception of measurement of coating by micrometer instead of by weight.
S. F. Nolan
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Process check on Cadmium plating
Description
An account of the resource
Instruction for carrying out plating.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J F Nolan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-23
Format
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Two page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SNolanJF150621v10013
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-23
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Anne-Marie Watson
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1724/28987/SNolanJF150621v10011.1.jpg
326e138d6c5b47b95f5bc566a8a572fd
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nolan, Frank. Work folder
Description
An account of the resource
Twenty eight items. Folder containing work related correspondence and ministry of aircraft manufacture, aeronautical inspection directorate process reports.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-05-17
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Nolan, JF
Transcribed document
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Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Underlined] Process Check on Electrical Installation to D.T.D. 1029 – I. I.
A. 19. 19.8.42. [/underlined]
[inserted] 1/ [/inserted] [Underlined] Installation of Cables [/underlined] were found to be to specified requirements. A spot check was taken on Hurricane Wing Serial No. LMSD/41H/291409, Continuity tests on landing and navigation lights, and heated pressure head were satisfactorily carried out.
All conduits were satisfactorily flared and where not in tubes, are protected with approved insulating material. Ends of cables satisfactorily served and effectively protected where clipped. Connections at terminals and soldering satisfactory. Diameter of conduits ample for easy replacement. Radii on conduits conform to requirements.
[Underlined] Approved Solder [/underlined] and resin flux used, being issued to “B” Shop stores on cover note from Loco’ bonded stores. The approved solder Grade A supplied by Messrs. Fry’s Metal Foundry, Manchester to B.S.S. 219, to release note No. 3048. Flux used:- “Alchor-re” Soldering Paste (proprietry [sic] brand) from same firm, release note No. 481.
A spot check taken on Hampden Centre Section Serial No. H1/17689. The 2” length of loose cables allowed between clipped end of cable and terminal block adhered to. All Metal Braided cables satisfactorily earthed. De-icing motors (carb) bench tested and tested again in position.
[inserted] 3/ [/inserted][Underlined] Insulation resistance [/underlined]
Megger tests satisfactorily carried out. In no case was megger reading less than two megohms.
[insertered]2/ [/inserted][Underlined] Identification of Cables. [/underlined]
Effectively carried out by colouring of the insulation for core identification and by composition ferrules plainly marked, threaded on the cables for Service identification.
[Underlined] Bonding. [/underlined] is to specified requirements of D.T.D. G.E. 125. All tests proved satisfactory. Lengths of bridging connections, terminal connections on same, bonding across rubber hose connections are satisfactorily carried out. Although it was observed that 3/16/.0048” flexible copper cord is used in place of 4/16/..0048” which is called for, it does not appear to affect Bonding test readings to any noticeable extent.
J. F. Nolan
[inverted] 2 [/inverted]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Process check on electrical installation to D.T.D. 1029 -I.I.
Description
An account of the resource
Covers installation of cables, approved solder, insulation resistance, identification of cables ands bonding.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J F Nolan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-19
Format
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One page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SNolanJF150621v10011
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-19
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Anne-Marie Watson
Hampden
Hurricane
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1724/28988/SNolanJF150621v10012.1.jpg
0f8dd986fa7709cac7c6a53f05c305c4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nolan, Frank. Work folder
Description
An account of the resource
Twenty eight items. Folder containing work related correspondence and ministry of aircraft manufacture, aeronautical inspection directorate process reports.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-05-17
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Nolan, JF
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Underlined] Process Check on Heat Treatment to Inspection Instructions M. 414 and M. 407, and M. 436. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Y SHED. 24th, August, 1942. [/underlined]
[Underlined] Cleaning Prior to Treatment. [/underlined]
Material is thoroughly cleaned before treatment in a Cannings Zonax Solution bath, which effectively removes all traces of oil etc.
[Underlined] Treatment. [/underlined]
Two salt baths are in general use, the smaller one being used chiefly for rivets. Bath temperatures are maintained within specified limits controlled by “Cambridge” Recording Pyrometers the cold junction of which is checked each morning by W.I.D. The hot junctions are checked each week with a mercury thermometer. Pyrometers were last checked by “Cambridge Instrument Co.” on 14th August, 1942.
[Underlined] Quenching. [/underlined]
Bath is of cold running water in very clean condition, and is situated quite close to either salt bath. Temperature is well below specified maximum, figure of 50°C. Material is washed of all traces of salts in hot water, same being in fairly clean condition.
[Underlined] Tests. [/underlined]
Two control test pieces are put in each morning and two each afternoon, which after age hardening are hardness tested and one specimen per week is subject to a tensile test. Full records of same are kept by W.I.D.
Records. Records of all heat treatment giving part and batch nos. spec., date, times “in” and “out” and pyrometer record charts were examined and found satisfactory.
[Underlined] Heat Treatment of Steel to Inspection Instruction M. 407. [/underlined]
No heat treatment of steel for aircraft parts is being carried out at the moment in “Y” Shed.
J.F. Nolan
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Process check on heat treatment to inspection instructions
Description
An account of the resource
Covers cleaning prior to treatment, treatment, quenching, tests and heat treatment of steel to inspection instruction M.407.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J F Nolan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-24
Format
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One page typewritten document
Language
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eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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SNolanJF150621v10012
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-24
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Anne-Marie Watson
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1724/28990/SNolanJF150621v10015.1.jpg
5e908293743baec03cf27cc50f6d122c
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Nolan, Frank. Work folder
Description
An account of the resource
Twenty eight items. Folder containing work related correspondence and ministry of aircraft manufacture, aeronautical inspection directorate process reports.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-05-17
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Nolan, JF
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Underlined] Process Check on Bonded Stores to Inspection Instructions A. 33 and M. 412. “Y” and “YH” Shops. [/underlined]
27/8/42.
[Underlined] Quarantine Stores. [/underlined]
Material entering works is checked to relevant release notes, is inspected and given a batch number. Colour identification to Inspection Instruction M. 412 is satisfactorily carried out.
[Underlined] Raw Material Stores. [/underlined]
An assortment of material batch numbers were tkane [sic] at random and satisfactorily traced to their relevant release notes. Except for isolated cases material is effectively protected from corrosion with oil. It was noted that a large quantity of aluminium alloy sheet to D.T.D. 390 and B.S.S. 5.L.3. is laid flat and not on its edge owing to insufficient number of racks. It was noted also that 12” strip to B.S.S. 5.L.3. which is cut into narrower strips and rolled into “top hat” section in “C” Shop, thereby destroying the colour identification, is not re-identified when returned to Raw Material Stores. With exception of above, colour identification to Inspection Instruction M. 412 is satisfactorily carried out. The “YH” section os [sic] these stores is considered inadequate for the amount of incoming material. Several stacks of material are outside the actual stores.
[Underlined] Finished Part Stores. [/underlined]
A number of different items were selected at will from various bins, each one was found to bear its part number and inspection stamp. In several cases inspection stamps were found to be indiscernible, owing to improper stamping.
[Underlined] Remarks. [/underlined]
There is evidently an improvement in the Quarantine and Raw Material Stores since the last process check dated 8.7.42, but there is still room for further betterment [inserted] / [/inserted] especially in the “YH” Section of the Raw Material Stores.
J. F. Nolan.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Process check on bonded stores to inspection instructions A.33 and M.412, Y and YH Stores
Description
An account of the resource
Covers quarantine stores, raw material stores, finished parts stores and remarks.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J F Nolan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-27
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SNolanJF150621v10015
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-27
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Anne-Marie Watson
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1724/28991/SNolanJF150621v10016.1.jpg
910dc762eebd695cf96001bdb221898f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nolan, Frank. Work folder
Description
An account of the resource
Twenty eight items. Folder containing work related correspondence and ministry of aircraft manufacture, aeronautical inspection directorate process reports.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-05-17
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Nolan, JF
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] Process Check on Rivetting [sic] to Inspection Instructions A. 24 and M. 426. “Y” and “YH” Shop.s [/underlined]
[underlined]28th August, 1942.[/underlined]
Rivets entering works are inspected in Quarantine Stores, and placed in their respective bins in the finished part stores, from where they are issued as required for heat treatment.
[underlined] Storage. [/underlined]
After heat treatment they are stores [sic] in Drikold containers at temperatures of 15°C to 20°C for periods up to 5 days, which is well within 150 hour period allowed for storage at this temperature as laid down in Inspection Instructions M. 246. A good recording system is employed, by which there is very little danger of rivets being stored beyond their specified time limited. Temperatures of containers are checked approximately every two or three days and entered in book records once per week by W.I.D. and Drikold containers are refilled every 24 hours.
[underlined] Control. [/underlined]
The approved system of coloured containers used by the firm is being carried out satisfactorily.
[underlined] Workmanship. [/underlined]
Riveting on spars, ribs, mainplane skins, etc. was examined and a high standard of workmanship is being maintained, but it is desired to mention a certain difference in the standard of riveting between day and night shifts on the wing tip section, rivet tails being strong and standing well up on one shift, but excessively flattened on the other shift, which at the time of this report is the night shift. This point is to be brought to the notice of the appropriate inspectors at the earliest opportunity.
Process as viewed is considered satisfactory with the exception of the above mentioned point.
J.F. Nolan
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Process check on rivetting [sic] to inspection instruction A.24 and M.426, Y and YB shops
Description
An account of the resource
Covers storage, control and workmanship
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
J F Nolan
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-28
Format
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One page typewritten document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SNolanJF150621v10016
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-28
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Claire Monk
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1007/10920/MHudsdonJD755052-151029-040020.1.jpg
5ad0739ca4ddab8f41db70bc322e09b4
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1007/10920/MHudsdonJD755052-151029-040021.1.jpg
fbc5638b7235f0388310107aae06b828
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hudson, Douglas. Postcards from Laghouat
Description
An account of the resource
Eleven postcards of around Laghouat Algeria in a booklet and a further five postcards of Laghauat sent by Douglas Hudson to his parents. Finally a postcard of the French barracks in Laghouat where they were interned with description on the reverse.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-06-16
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Hudson, JD
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[inserted]DON’T YOU BELIEVE IT BEST WISHES H.G POSTMAN [/inserted]
[Post marks]
PASSED P.W 8144
MR & MRS H.E. HUDSON
191 HALIFAX ROAD
NELSON
LANCASHIRE
ANGLETERRE
SGT.J.D. HUDON. 755052
CAMP DES INTERNES BRITANNIQUES
LAGHOUAT. ALGERIE
AFRIQUE DU NORD
13-8-42
Delighted Red Cross parcel which arrived intact yesterday. Now to re-cultivate that lifebuoy habit. Letter and cable also sent off today. Heat wave gradually expanding itself and about time too. I won’t say much more because our Sgt postman reads the p.c.s. He’s a curious little fellow.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Laghouat - Une partie de l'Oasis Sud et les Fortifications
Description
An account of the resource
A wall runs from bottom left to top right with buildings and palm trees to the left and above. To the right centre a fortification. On the reverse addressed to Mr and Mrs H E Hudson writing that he is delighted to have received cross parcel and about post and weather.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
James Douglas Hudson
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-13
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One b/w photograph postcard
Language
A language of the resource
fra
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MHudsdonJD755052-151029-040020, MHudsdonJD755052-151029-040021
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Algeria
Algeria--Laghouat (Province)
Great Britain
England--Lancashire
England--Nelson
North Africa
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-13
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Claire Monk
prisoner of war
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/2013/32067/PStewartEC1704.1.jpg
7b00a8d8fa40e0fbc32e61fda4ddd851
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Stewart, Edward Colston. Imming, Muriel Audrey
Stewart, Ann Marie
Description
An account of the resource
88 items. The collection concerns Flight Officer Ann Marie Stewart (b. 1922, 5215 Royal Air Force) and contains photographs. She served in Malta and Singapore.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Paula Cooper and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-02-24
2022-06-21
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
W.A.A.F. OFFICERS' SCHOOL.
INITIAL COURSE No 55, "A" FLIGHT. 8/7/42 – 4/8/42.
[photograph]
JOHN BURTON & SONS 65 EVINGTON ROAD, LEICESTER.
[italics] Back Row (Left to Right): [/italics] A/S/O Carter, A/S/O Collinson, A/S/O Birin, A/S/O Haydon-Roberts, A/S/O Atkinson, A/S/O Blakeney, A/S/O Clarke, A/S/O Hanson, A/S/O McLoughlin, A/S/O Green, A/S/O Falla, A/S/O Chambers, A/S/O Curnow, A/S/O Gough.
[italics] Middle Row (Left to Right): [/italics] A/S/O Hamilton, A/S/O Mattinson, A/S/O G. Deans, A/S/O Hutt, A/S/O Bawn, A/S/O Mathews, A/S/O Chappell, A/S/O Anderson, A/S/O Lockwood, A/S/O Fishburn, A/S/O Baker, A/S/O N. Deans, A/S/O Boyd, A/S/O McLannahan.
[italics] Front Row (Left to Right): [/italics] A/S/O Ingham, A/S/O Freeman, A/S/O Comber, A/S/O Davoren, A/S/O Fowler, A/S/O Dyke, A/S/O Dickinson, A/S/O Lamble, A/S/O Hendry, A/S/O Fox, A/S/O M.R. Jones, A/S/O E.M. Jones, A/S/O Martin, [underlined] A/S/O Imming, [/underlined][inserted] My mother [/inserted] A/S/O Cass.
My love to 55 CF Seabrook Fl/Off
Jean G. Buchanan Sq
[signature]
RA [signature] July 7 – Aug. 42
[underlined] 1942 [/underlined]
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force Officers' School Initial Course no 55, "A" Flight
Description
An account of the resource
A group of women arranged in three rows at Rutland Hall, Loughborough. Each woman is named underneath. A/S/O Imming is underlined and handwritten beside it is 'my mother'. Annotated on the front is 'My love to 55 CF Seabrook Fl/Off' and [indecipherable] 'July 7 - Aug 4th 1942'.
Identification kindly provided by Wilfred Ptolemy and Sharon Morgan of the Unidentified photos of the British Isles Facebook group.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
John Burton & Sons
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One b/w photograph
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PStewartEC1704
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
David Bloomfield
Steve Baldwin
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Loughborough
England--Leicestershire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-07
1942-08
ground personnel
training
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1281/19215/EValentineJRMValentineUM420804-0001.2.jpg
011346dd1580646de7ccd247b1c00a72
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1281/19215/EValentineJRMValentineUM420804-0002.2.jpg
fa91a61a93df624df330f56cc96ea875
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Valentine, John
John Ross Mckenzie Valentine
J R M Valentine
Description
An account of the resource
674 Items. Collection concerns navigator Warrant Officer J R McKenzie Valentine (1251404 Royal Air Force). The collection contains over 600 letters between JRM Valentine and his wife Ursula. It also contains his log book, family/official documents, a book of violin music studies and other correspondence. Sub-collections contain family photographs, prisoner of war photographs and a scrapbook of newspaper cuttings of events from 1942 to 1945.
He joined 49 Squadron in April 1942 and flew 10 operations on Hampdens. The squadron converted to Manchester in May when he completed two further operations. His aircraft was shot down on the Thousand Bomber raid of 30/31 May 1942. Five crew, including him bailed out successfully and became prisoners of war. The pilot and one air gunner were killed when the aircraft rolled over and crashed.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Frances Zagni and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-09-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Valentine, JRM
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
No. 13 4-8-42
Darling Ursula: Your ever welcome letters 1-5 received, read and reread. I’m afraid that future mail may be delayed (both ways) so until you hear to the contrary, don’t waste your time by writing more than once per week. I will send off my usual quota and we must both be patient. Former ration cuts here have been restored and Red Cross food parcels are now arriving regularly so I’m feeling quite normal at last and have played Soccer and Rugger. I hope none of my earlier gloomy messages upset you but the first two months here were very trying & I really have recovered now. I rejoice to hear of Frances’ progress but regret that I am missing it all Haven’t heard from my folks since Father's first two notes in which Irene’s fortunes were not mentioned. I suggest a gift of £3 in cash or kind, not Savings Certs. Please don’t cut your hair. Glad to hear of Gattey & Cairns Regards to both & congratulations to Heath on his commission. Hope you manage financially on our own income. Can increase allotment if needed. Life here is very tedious but I must admit that apart from eating less, we are treated very fairly. Washing, sanitary & sleeping arrangements rough but adequate. Spare clothing non existent & I look forward to your first parcel. Have managed to acquire razor but no brush & have removed beard. Was clean shaven for a time but growing moustache again. It is a comfortless existence but not uncomfortable & I sadly miss the loving attention of my dearest wife. The camp being tree girt we see nothing of the outside world & hear only distorted rumours. I read a fair amount, work a lot running the flock of which I am in charge, but haven’t studied yet being sadly lacking in energy (until now) I enjoy Sundays & always attend both services & gramaphone record recital in the afternoon. When idle I invariably think of you with infinite longing to be nearer.
All my love, dearest and to wee one. Yours for ever, John
Mrs U.M. Valentine
Lido
Tenterden Grove
Hendon, London N W 4
England
From
John R.M. Valentine
450
M-Stammlager Luft 3
Deutchland
Censor stamps Gerpruft 32 Examiner 2360
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Letter from John Valentine to his wife Ursula
Description
An account of the resource
Number 13. Writes that her letters 1-5 arrived. Says post could be delayed both ways and suggest she send one letter a week. Notes that ration cuts have been restored and regular Red Cross parcels arriving. Says he is now feeling much better and has played rugby and soccer. Rejoices in Frances progress and mentions friends, finance, conditions in camp. Has got a razor and shaved off beard. Lacks the energy to start studying.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1942-08-04
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Two page handwritten letter
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
EValentineJRMValentineUM420804
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Poland
Poland--Żagań
Great Britain
England--London
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1942-08-04
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
John Ross Mckenzie Valentine
prisoner of war
Red Cross
sport
Stalag Luft 3
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1281/19216/EValentineJRMValentineUM420812-0001.1.jpg
cdf3609f5ef24db5744874e4d1450c69
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1281/19216/EValentineJRMValentineUM420812-0002.1.jpg
ffb013c538dd254f2b0ca3388ffa1602
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Valentine, John
John Ross Mckenzie Valentine
J R M Valentine
Description
An account of the resource
674 Items. Collection concerns navigator Warrant Officer J R McKenzie Valentine (1251404 Royal Air Force). The collection contains over 600 letters between JRM Valentine and his wife Ursula. It also contains his log book, family/official documents, a book of violin music studies and other correspondence. Sub-collections contain family photographs, prisoner of war photographs and a scrapbook of newspaper cuttings of events from 1942 to 1945.
He joined 49 Squadron in April 1942 and flew 10 operations on Hampdens. The squadron converted to Manchester in May when he completed two further operations. His aircraft was shot down on the Thousand Bomber raid of 30/31 May 1942. Five crew, including him bailed out successfully and became prisoners of war. The pilot and one air gunner were killed when the aircraft rolled over and crashed.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Frances Zagni and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-09-06
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Valentine, JRM
Transcribed document
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Transcription
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No. 14 (P.Card) 12-8-42
Your card No 6 & Barbara’s letter both 14th July arrived together. Thank her immensely for writing. Sorry I can’t afford to reply. Looking forward to first parcel. Please send full list of contents so that I can tell you what I want in the next. If we get too much of anything surplus is confiscated. ½ lb. tobacco & some cigarettes per month adequate. Mail situation normal again so write as often as you can. Don’t bother about cards they’re no quicker. Don’t risk photos on cards, but please send some in your letters – old & new will be appreciated second only to mail from you.
Always longing for you, John
John R.M. Valentine
450
Lager-Bezeichnung
M-Stammlager Luft 8
Censor stamps P.W.8668 Gerpruft 32
Dublin Core
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Title
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Postcard from John Valentine to his wife Ursula
Description
An account of the resource
Number 14. Notes arrival of latest mail from home. Looking forward to parcel. Asks her to list contents of parcel so he can advise on what he needs. Mentions tobacco and cigarettes. Discusses various types of mail and which is best.
Date
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1942-08-12
Format
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Two page handwritten letter
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
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EValentineJRMValentineUM420812
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
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Poland
Poland--Żagań
Great Britain
England--London
Temporal Coverage
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1942-08-12
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Creator
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John Ross Mckenzie Valentine
prisoner of war
Stalag Luft 3