1
25
11
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mountain Christmas Card
Description
An account of the resource
A Christmas and New Year card to Jim from Danny. The card is printed for 52 (L) Dicion BAOR and has a saltire herald crest with 'Mountain' underneath. On the reverse is a Heraldic Map showing the training and active service of the 52nd (L) Division during the campaign in NW Europe 1939-1945.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
52nd (L) Division
Format
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One double sided printed card
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
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MBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]-180402-010001,
MBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]-180402-010002
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
British Army
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Great Britain
arts and crafts
-
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https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17680/SBrookerWH[Ser -DoB]v10001-0001.jpg
8601220a6c9b86ab80c108a9c634484d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
DAMALS
machte Deutschland Schluss, ehe es selbst Kriegsschauplatz wurde. Es kapitulierte vor der immer mehr anwachsenden Übermacht der Alliierten.
Die Folge war: der deutsche Soldat fand bei seiner Heimkehr die Heimat unversehrt vor. Seine Familie wartete auf dem selben Haus, in dem er sie verlassen hatte. Zwar herrschte manche Not, aber es gab keine Zerstörung in Deutschland. Die deutschen Fabriken, die Quelle des deutschen Wohlsandes, standen bereit für den Wiederaufbau.
Zehn Jahre nach dem verlorenen Krieg besass Deutschland die modernste industrielle Ausrüstung, die schönsten Massenwohnsiedlungen Europas, eine Rekordzahl von Sportplätzen und Erholungsheimen, hunderte von modernsten Schul- und Krankenheimen.
Obwohl Deutschland den bis dahin grössten Krieg der Weltgeschichte verloren hatte, war das deutsche Volk wieder auf dem Weg nach oben -
[underlined] weil es rechtzeitig Schluss gemacht hatte. [/underlined]
[column break]
HEUTE
ist Deutschland bereits Kriegsschauplatz. Die Übermacht der Alliierten in Ost, Süd und West ist noch überwältigender als 1918. Die Alliierten Luftflotten beherrschen den deutschen Luftraum. Der Krieg ist wiederum entschieden. Aber die deutsche Führung weigert sich, Schluss zu machen.
Die Folge ist: Der deutsche Soldat wird bei seiner Heimkehr eine zerstörte Heimat vorfinden. Denn solange der Krieg dauert, wird eine deutsche Fabrik nach der andern dem Erdboden gleichgemacht. Was heute in der deutschen Kriegsindustrie zerstört wird, fehlt morgen in der deutschen Friedensindustrie.
Nur ein schnelles Ende de Krieges kann den Zerstörungsprozess zum und dem deutschen Volke die Chance zum Wiederaufbau geben.
Aber Hitler weiss: Kriegsende ist sein Ende. Darum verlängert er den verlorenen Krieg.
[underlined] Jeder Tag, den Hitler gewinnt, ist für die Zukunft des deutschen Volkes verloren.[/underlined]
[text spanning both columns] Nur Deutsche können Deutschland retten!
[Page break]
„Und niemals werden wir in den Fehler des Jahres 1918 verfallen, nämlich etwa eine Viertelstunde vor 12 Uhr die Waffen niederzulegen.“ Adolf Hitler, 8. November 1943
[Superimposed on a photo of a German factory before being bombed]
So fand der deutsche Soldat seine Arbeitsstätte im November 1918 vor, als Deutschland Schluss machte, bevor die Volle Katastrophe die volle hereinbrach.
[Superimposed on a photo of a German factory after being bombed]
So wird der deutsche Soldat seine Arbeitsstätte vorfinden, wenn Hitler den verlorenen Krieg noch weiter verlängert.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Damals; Heute
Propaganda leaflet G95
Description
An account of the resource
Contrasts Germany after the First World War with the present, exhorting Germans to save their country. By drawing things quickly to a conclusion, Germany could avoid more destruction and successfully rebuild.
Two photographs show a German workplace in November 1918 and how a workplace might look if war were to continue.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One double sided printed leaflet
Language
A language of the resource
deu
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10001-0001,
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10001-0002
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Frances Grundy
Sally Coulter
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Great Britain. Propaganda Warfare Executive
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
bombing
Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945)
propaganda
-
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a72781561476b54bd3f0dda3ce5aca01
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
FREIWILLIGE VOR
für die
U-BOOT-WARRE!
[picture]
WIR FAHREN
[picture]
GEGEN ENGLAND
[symbol]
ZIEHEN
[page break]
FREIWILLIGE VOR
für die
U-BOOT-WARRE!
KURZE DIENSTZEIT!
WIR FAHREN
HINAB…
[picture]
[symbol]
INS KÜHLE GRAB
[picture]
ZIEHEN
[page break]
Wer sind die Glückspilze der U-Bootwaffe?
?
Wie lange dauert die active Dienstzeit?
?
ZIEHEN
[page break]
Wer sind die Glückspilze der U-Bootwaffe?
Die 2000 U-Bootleute, die jetzt kriegsgefangen sind. Sie sind die glücklichen Überlebenden. Auf je zwei deutsche U-Bootleute, die von der englischen Flotte gerettet und gefangen genommen warden, treffen fünf, die untergehen.
Wie lange dauert die active Dienstzeit?
Lebensversicherungsgesellschaften in neutralen Ländern haben vor einem Jahr berechnet, dass die durchschnittliche Lebenserwartung eines deutschen U-Boot-Matrosen im active Dienst 62 Tage beträgt. Diese Zahl ist seitdem gesunken.
?
ZIEHEN
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Freiwillige vor für die u-boot-waffe
Description
An account of the resource
A card with text and an insert that is pulled down to reveal more text -
VOLUNTEERS FORWARD FOR THE U-BOAT SERVICE
(text visible at first)
We journey against England.
PULL
(text visible after pulling tab)
SHORT SERVICE
We journey down to a cool grave.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One double sided card with pull down insert
Language
A language of the resource
deu
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10002-0001,
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10002-0002,
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10002-0003,
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10002-0004
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Wehrmacht. Kriegsmarine
Wehrmacht
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Baldwin
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Great Britain. Propaganda Warfare Executive
propaganda
submarine
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17683/SBrookerWH[Ser -DoB]v10004-0001.jpg
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23619fbf4cf9c98e5fd75010357bb4cf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
Sie fuhren gegen Engelland
[photograph]
Sie leben für die Zukunft – wo blieben die Andern?
Sieben wurden gerettet
[photograph]
[page break]
Deutsche U-Bootmänner – auf was hofft Ihr noch?
Der Krieg ist für Deutschland verloren. Daran ist nichts mehr zu ändern. Der Dturz Mussolinis ist nu rein Zeichen, wie schwach Deutschland geworden ist. Im Juli konnte Hitler keine 10 frischen Divisionen auftreiben, um Italien zu verstärken. Im August muss er Italien an der ganzen Südfront von der französischen Riviera bis zu den griechischen Inseln ablösen. Das heist: er muss 60 italienische Divisionen ersetzen.
Wo sollen diese Truppen herkommen? Von der Ostfront? Wo die deutsche Sommeroffonsive zuswammengebrochen ist? Wo die Russen im Vormarsch sind – jetzt, im Sommer, nicht erst im Winter, wie bisher! Lest nur eure Heeresberichte: “Erbitterte Abwehrschlachten”; “wechselvolle Kämpfe”; “überwältigende feindliche Übermacht”. So klang es auch im letzten Winter – und im Sommer 1918.
1918 gab es noch keine viermotorigen Bomber. Heute wird ein deutsches Industriezentrum nach dem andern zerschlagen. In Engländer und Amerikaner aufhalten. Können die U-Boote in den kommenden Monaten – wenigen Monaten vielleicht nur noch – mehr ausrichten?
Ihr wisst selber, wie die Schlacht auf dem Atlantik steht. Die besten Kommandanten und Deckoffiziere sind tot. Der Nachwuchs wird übereilt hinausgeschickt, unerfahren und unzulänglich ausgebildet. Die Rudel sind zersprengt worden. Ihr seid nicht mehr die Jäger, ihr werdet gejagt. U-Boote werden schneller versenkt als gebaut.
Auch dein Boot kommt dran. Es ist nur eine Frage der Zeit.
Deutschland kämpft nur noch, um Zeit zu gewinnen. Lohnt es sich noch, Zeit zu gewinnen? Zeit für mehr blutige Schlachten in Russland, mehr verheerende Luftangriffe, mehr nutzlose Geleitzugschlachten? Was kann die Zeit bringen? Mehr Landungen in Europa. Mehr Schiffsraum für die Alliierten. Mehr Bomben auf Deutschland. Mehr Flieger über dem Atlantik.
Die Zeit kann die Niederlage Deutschlands.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Deutsche U-Bootmanner - auf was hofft ihr noch
Description
An account of the resource
German U-boatmaker - what are you hoping for? Leaflet, in German with photographs of U-boat crew on a boat and another of a crew being led off a captured boat.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One double sided printed leaflet
Language
A language of the resource
deu
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10004-0001,
SBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]v10004-0002
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Wehrmacht. Kriegsmarine
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Baldwin
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Great Britain. Propaganda Warfare Executive
propaganda
submarine
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17682/SBrookerWH[Ser -DoB]v10003-0001.jpg
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
STERNENBANNER
Herausgeber : U.S.A. Kriegsinformationsamt London, 29. November 1943
[photograph]
Ein verwundeter deutscher Soldat wird in Italien von einem amerikanischen Soldaten des Sanitätskorps in Sicherheit gebracht. Gegen Ende November waren kaum bedeutende Veränderungen an der italienischen Front zu verzeichnen. Die alliierten Armeen erzielten örtliche Bodengewinne und verbesserten, trotz heftigen deutschen Widerstandes, ihre Stellungen.
“Ein Flugzeug alle fünf Minuten”
Ein amtlicher Bericht des USA Kriegsproduktionsamtes enthüllte, das simmer grördert warden. Charles E. Wilson, der stellvertretende Leiter dieses Amtes, gab hierzu folgende Einzelheiten bekannt:
“Seit Juli 1940 wurden in Amerika mehr als 140.000 Militärflugzeuge fertiggestellt, Im Oktober bauten wir 8.362 Maschinen, was einer Jahresproduktion von 100.000 Flugzeugen entspicht. In anderen Worten – beinahe alle fünf Minute nein Flugzeug. Noch wichtiger ist die Tatsache, dass wir der Erzeugung grosser vielmotoriger Maschinen, die kriegswichtige Ziele in allen Teilen Europas und Japans angreifen können, grösste Bedeutung beimessen. Im Oktober beispielsweise haben wir dreimal so viele viermotorige Bomber hergestellt, wie im vergangenen Januar. Unsere Bomberproduktion hat sich, verglichen mit Januar, im Oktober verdoppelt. Wir haben jedoch noch keineswegs unsere industrielle Leistungsfähigkeit voll ausgenützt.”
“Seit Juli 1940 haben wir mehr als 30.000 Schiffe aller Kategorien gebaut. In dieser Zahl sind nahezu 600 Kriegsschiffe für unsere Flotte – Schlachtschiffe, Kreuzer, Flugzeugträger, Zerstörer, Unterseeboote und andere Kriegsschiffe inbegriffen.”
“Die grosse Anzahl der von uns konstruierten neuen Kriegs- und Handelsschiffe ermöglicht e suns, Duetschland und Japan entscheidende Schläge zu versetzen.”
Neuer Höhepunkt der alliierten Luftoffensive
Die grosse alliierte Luftoffensive erreichte gegen Ende November einen neuen Höhepunkt. Kriegswichtige Ziele in vielen Teilen des Reiches und der Vasallenländer wurden in den letzten November – wochen von Westen und Süden, bei Tag und Nacht, von gewaltigen britischen und amerikanischen Bombergeschwadern angegriffen.
Berlin wurde damit zu der am schwersten bombardierten Start der Welt. In den drei Nachtangriffen – vom 18. auf den 19., 22. auf den 23. und 23. auf den 24. November – fielen allein mehr als 5.000.000 kg Bomben auf die Reichshauptstadt.
Das wuchtigste Bombardement erfolgte in der Nacht vom 22. auf den 23. November. Gegen acht Uhr abends hatte Berlin Fliegeralarm, 2.300.000 kg Bomben auf die Reichshauptstadt abgeworfen – mit anderen Worten ungefähr 77.000 kg in der Minute oder mehr als 1.250 kg in der Sekunde. Von den eingesetzten mächtigen Bomberverbänden kehrten 26 Maschinen nicht zurück.
Die RAF versetzte Berlin dabit in einer einzigen Nacht einen Schag, der fünfmal so heftig war, wie der konzentrierteste Angriff der Luftwaffe auf London.
In der darauffolgendemn Nacht unternahmen Bomberkräfte einen weiteren Grossangriff auf Berlin. Der Widerstand seitens der Nachtjäger war bei beiden Einflügen verhältnismässig gering und auch der Flak gelang es nicht, wirkungsvoll einzugreifen. 20 alliierte Bomber wurden hierbei vermisst.
Der Umfang und die zunehmende Wucht der alliierten Luftoffensive sind klar aus den nachstehenden Ziffern ersichtlich, welche die auf deutsche Industriestädte in diesem Jahre bis zum 25. November gefallenen Bombenlasten angeben:
Berlin 12.000.000 kg
Hamburg 10.000.000 kg
Essen 8.000.000 kg
Hannover 8.000.000 kg
Köln 8.000.000 kg
Mannheim-Lugwigshafen 7.000.000 kg
Berlin ist ein äusserst wichtiges Angriffsziel als Reichshauptstadt und Sitz der Nationalsozialistischen Partei; seine Rüstungswerke beschäftigen 10% der gesamten deutschen Industriearbeiterschaft; es ist der führende Bahn- und Flugverkehrsknotenpunkt Europas, da dort die 12 bedeutendsten Eisenbahnlinien zusammenlaufen.
In einer Betrachtung über die verstärkte Flugtätigkeit gegen Berlin schrieb der Londoner Evening Standard am 23. November: “Die deutsche Haupstaqdt erhält jetzt eine Kostprobe des gleichen ‘totalen Krieges’, den das deutsche Oberkommando vor zwei Jahren, allerdings mit unzuriechenden Waffen gegen England zu führen versuchte.”
Im November richteten sich Fliegerangriffe gegen viele kriegswichtige Anlagen in den deutsch-besetzten und Satellitenstaaten. Rüstungswerke, und Verkehrswege in Norwegen, Frankreich, Bulgarien, Italien und Griechenland erlitten Beschädigungen. Sofia, eines der wichtigsten Verkehrszentren im Balken, wurde zweimal von amerikanischen Kampfflugzeugen bombardiert.
Dieser Monat began mit dem dritten schweren Angriff auf die gewaltigen Messerschmitt-Werke in Wiener Neustadt in Österreich, der von amerikanischen Liberator-Bombern der neuen 15. Luftflotte ausgeführt wurde. Sie hat die Aufgabe, deutsche militärische und wehrwirtschaftliche Ziele vom Süden her anzugreifen.
Mitte November erfolgten von England, Nordafrika und Italien aus, heftige alliierte Luftangriffe auf die Verkehrslinien, die von Deutschland und Frankreich nach Itanien führen.
Am 16. November wurden Deutschlands wichtigster Bezugsquelle von Molybdän – das zur Härtung von Stahl und Erzeugung von Werkzeugmaschinen benötigt wird – von schweren alliierden Bombern, die von England aus Knaben in Norwegen angriffen, erhebliche Beschädigungen zugefügt. Luftaufnahmen zeigten Bombentreffer im Bergwerksgebiet und den Gebäuden, in denen die Molydbän-Erze der ganzen Umgebung verarbeitet warden.
Zwei Tage später flogen alliierte Luftstreitkräfte wieder in Norwegen ein und bombardierten die Reparatur- und Instandhaltungswerkstätten der Luftwaffe in Kjeller, in der Nähe von Oslo.
Deutsche Fligplätze in Griechenland und auf Kreta wurden vom Süden und Flugfelder in Frankreich und den Niederlanden vom Westen her, angegriffen.
Am 26. November griff der stärkste Verband schwerer amerikanischer Bomber, der jemals von Stützpunkten in England bei des Flottenstützpunktes Brenen an. Selbst der gewaltige Fliegerangriff auf Wilhelmshaven, der am 3. November erfolgte, wurde damit in den Schatten gestellt. Von den Operationen dieses Tages, an dem leichte und mittlere Kampfflugzeuge auch militärische Ziele in Frankreich bombardierten, kehrten 34 alliierte Bomber und 5 Jäger nicht zurück. 61 deutsche Maschinen wurden abgeschossen.
[photograph]
Der Kommandant eines deutschen U-bootes spricht mit einem amerikanischen Offizier an Bord eines Flugzeugträgers, dessen Maschinen das Unterseeboot im Atlantik versenkten. Im August, September und Oktober wurden 60 deutsche U-Boote, einer amtlichen alliierten Verlautbarung vom 10. November zufolge, zerstört.
Alliierte Hilfe für Kriegsopfer
President Roosevelt übermittelte dem Kongress, im Zusammenhang mit dem Hilfs-und Wiederaufbauabkommen, folgende Botschaft:
“Die Vertreter von 43 Nationen und Völkern haben gemeinsam mit unserer Regierung am 9. November 1943 eine Vereinbarung zur Schaffung eines internationalen Amtes für Hilfe und Wiederaufbau unterzeichnet, dessen Aufgabe es ist, den befreitten Gebieten beizustehen.”
“Die Organisation wird die befreiten Völker mit Medikamenten, Lebensmitteln, Kleidern und anderen dringend benötigten Artikern des täglichen Bedarfes versorgen, um ihre Lebenskraft wiederherzustellen; den der Feind hat die unterworfenen Länder ausgeplündert, um die Kriegsmaschine der Achsenmächte zu stärken.”
“Das Amt für Hilfe und Wiederaufbau wird jedoch nur die ersten Schritte in dem gewaltigen Hilfswerk für die Opfer des Krieges ergreifen können. Den grössten Teil dieser Aufgabe warden die befreiten Völker selbst zu lösen haben. Es kann die befreiten Nationen nur darin unterstützen, sich selbst zu helfen, um die Kraft wiederzugewinnen, ihre zerstörten Heimstätten, ihre verwüsteten Fabfiken und ihre ausgeplünderten Bauernhöfe wiederaufzubauen.”
“Der Krieg könnte wesentlich verkürzt warden, wenn die Volksmassen der Gebiete, die wir befrieen, organisiert warden, um den Armeen der Vereinten Nationen beizustehen.”
“Eine neue französische Armee, wurde
(Fortsetzung auf Seite 3)
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2 STERNENBANNER
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Auf dieser Konferenz in Hot Springs in den Vereinigten Staaten wurden Uebereinkommen hinsichtlich des Amtes der Vereinten Nationen für Hilfe und Wiederaufbau getroffen. Am 9. November unterzeichneten 44 Nationen, die 88% der Bevölkerung der Welt verkörpern, ein gegenseitiges Hilfsabkommen zur Behebung der Verwüstungen dieser Krieges.
Wie deutsche Kriegsgefangene in den Vereinigten Staaten leben
In einem abgeleegenen Tal am Fusse des Alleghany Gebirges in West-Virginia befindet sich ein Lager, in dem mehr als tausend junge Deutsche untergebracht sind. Sie verrichten dort ihre Arbeiten, spielen Fussball, singen Volkslieder. Die von ihnen verzehrten Speisen sind von Köchen aus ihrer Mitte zubereitet.
Diese Deutsc hen sind Kriegsgefangene. Die moisten gehörten in Nordafrika gekämpft. Sie stamen aus allen Teilen des Reiches.
Die Kriegsgefangenen sind in Kompanien von je 250 Mann eingeteilt. Da es in diesem Lager keine Offiziere gibt, können sie ihre Führer aus der Riehe der Unteroffiziere wählen.
Je 50 Mann bewohnen eine Baracke. Radioapparate stehen zu ihrer Verfügung. Es steht ihnen frei, amerikanische Zeitungen in englischer und deutscher Sprache zu lessen. Sie stellten bald fest, dass die amerikanische Presse neben den alliierten auch die deutschen Wehrmachtsberichte im Wortlaut veröffentlicht. Die Kriegsgefangenen erkannten ferner, dass es den amerikanischen Zeitungen nicht darum zu tun ist, ihren Lesern ein einseitiges Bild der aktuellen Ereignisse zu vermitteln. Selbst mitten im Kriege scheuen sie sich nicht, die Politik ihrer Regierung zu kritisieren.
Apfelstrudel und Backhuhn
Die Kriegsgefangenen erhalten die gleiche Kost, wie amerikanische Soldaten ihres Dienstgrades. Sie bereiten sich das Essen selbst auf deutsche Art zu, verwandeln die Zutaten für einen amelikanischen Apfelkuchen in einen Apfelstrudel und ziehen einem amerikanischen Backhuhn ein Brathuhn mit Füllung vor. Man kann sich von jedem Gericht soviel nehmen, wie man will.
Von Zeit zu Zeit treffen Liebesgabenpakete aus der Heimat ein, die moistens Süssigkeiten und Tabak enthalten.
Die Kriegsgefangenen stehen um halb sieben Uhr früh auf und um 11 Uhr nachts wird das Licht ausgelöscht. Sie betätigen sich als Tischler, reparieren Schuhe und reinigen ihre Wäsche; ausserhalb des Lagers arbeiten sie bei Bauern der Umgebung. Für ihre Arbeit im Lager bekommen sie täglich 80 cents (4 Reichsmark). Die Hälfte ihres Lohnes wird, für die Zeit nach dem Krieg, in einer Bank hinderlegt, die andere Hälfte sie sich in der Kantine Zigaretten, Schokolade oder leichte Getränke kaufen können.
Fussball ist der beliebteste Sport in der Freizeit. Es wird viel gesungen, Lieder aus alter Zeit, Lieder von “Wein und Weib,” vom Mondschein und dem Vaterland.
Kein Fluchtversuch
Bisher ist noch niemals ein Fluchtversuch unternommen worden. Eines Nachts wurdwn 200 Kriegsgefangene aufgeboten, um ein Waldfeuer zu löschen; sie arbeiteten in einem ferngelegenen Wald bis zum Morgengrauen mit langen Messern, Äxten und Pickeln. Aber nicht ein einziger versuchte zu entkommen. Die disziplin im Lager und die Moral der Leute sind ausgezeichnet.
Speisekarte aus einem Kriegsgefangenenlager
Auf Grund von Kapitel II, Artikel II, Vertragsnummer 846, Genfer Konvention vom 27. Juli 1929, entsprechen die Rationen für Kriegsgefangene, die sich in amerikanischen Händen befinden, derjenigen der Soldaten des amerikanischen Heeres.
Eine typische Speisekarte, aus einem amerikanischen Kriegsgefangenenlager, ist nachstehend abgedruckt:
Frühstück: Pfirsichkompott, Haferflocken, Milch, Rührcier, Marmelade, Butter, geröstete Brotscheiben, Kaffee.
Mittagessen: Tomatenscheiben, Rinderbraten, Bratkartoffeln, gebakkener Kürbis, Brot, Butter, Pfirsiche, heisser Kakao.
Abendessen: Gebratene Wurst, Bohnengemüse, Käse, Salzkartoffeln, Brot, Apfelmarmelade, Nachspeise, Kaffee.
Cordell Hull: “Sicherheit für Allen ach diesem Kriege”
Staatssekretär Cordell Hull erstattete am 18. November dem Kongress der Vereinigten Staaten in Washington einen Bericht über die Moskauer Konferenz.
Als Cordell Hull den Sitzungssaal betrat, in dem sich die Mitglieder des Senats und des Repräsentantenhauses versammelt hatten, begrüsste ihn ein Sturm des amerikanischen Nation an den Staatsmann, der trotz seiner 72 Jahre die lange und anstrengende Lreise von Washington nach Moskau unternommen hatte, um an der Konferenz teilzunehmen.
Cordell Hull erklärte:
“Der Krieg hat einen Punkt erreicht, da sich die Vereinten Nationen in jedem Teil der Welt in der Offensive befinden. Unsere Feinde erleiden eine Niederlage nach der anderen. Die Zeit wird kommen, wenn ihr verzweifeltes Unternehmen die Welt zu zerstören, endgültig vernichtet sein wird.”
“Aber während wir alle unsere Kräfte sammeln, um den Kreig zu gewinnen, sahen wir ganz klar ein, dass die Früchte des Sieges uns leicht verloren gehen könnten, wenn wir uns nicht über jene wesentlichen Grundsätze einegen, die die Wiederkehr der Tragödie eines Kreiges unmöglich Machen. Es war uns ebenso klar, dass unverzüglich eine Organisation geschaffen warden müsste, die diese Grundsätze zur Geltung bringt. Die Moskauer Konferenz bedeutet einen wichtigen schritt sowohl in unserem Bemühen, den Kreig zu verkürzen, als auch für die Zukunft vorzukehren.”
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Cordell Hull
“Die Konferenz war vom ungeheuren Umschwung in der militärischen Lage beherrscht. So schwer die Aufgaben noch sind, die wir zu bewältigen haben, es wird immer klarer, dass in naher Zukunft dem Fein dimmer mehr Gebiete entrissen warden und dass “Deutschland selbst mit seinen Vasallen den Weg des faschistischen Italiens wird gehen müssen. Diese Umstände haben neue Probleme erzeugt, die durch gemeinsame Aktionen der Alliierten gemeistert warden müssen. Unsere Beratungen in Moskau behandelten die Aktionen, die notwendig sind, um das Ende des Krieges zu beschleunigen, ferner die Pläne für die Zeit unmittelbar nach dem Kriegsende und endlich die Grundpläne für die Nachkriegswelt.”
“Wir haben uns verständigt und wichtige Vereinbarungen abgeschlossen. Es gibt keine Geheimverträge, niemand hat solche vorgeschlagen.”
“Es war uns Amerikanern eine besondere Genugtuung, dass dieser Grundsatz beschlossen wurde, den nirgendwo hat dieser Grundsatz weitere Anwendung gefunden als in der Familie der amerikanischen Nationen.”
Cordell Hull betonte die Wichtigkeit der Erklärung der vier Grossmächte, dass sie nach dem Ende der Feindse’igkeiten ihre Streitkräfte nicht auf Gebieten anderer Staaten einsetzen warden, ausser für jene Zwecke, die in der Erklärung ins Auge gefasst wurden; aber auch dann nur nach gemeinsamer Beratung.
“Mit dieser Erklärung,” fuhr Cordell Hull fort, “haben die Vereinigten Staaten, Grossbritannien, die Sowjetunion und China die Grundlagen gemeinsamer Arbeit für den Aufbau einer Welt gelegt, die es allen friedliebenden Nationen – gleichviel ob gross oder klein – ermöglichen wird, in Frieden und Sicherheit zu leben, die Frieheiten und Rechte eines zivilisierten Daseins zu bewahren und an den wachsenden Möglichkeiten wirtschaftlichen, sozialen und geistigen Fortschritts teilzuhaben.”
“Die Moskauer Konferenz beschloss, einen europäisischen beratenden Ausschuss mit dem Sitz in London einzusetzen. Er selbst wird keine executive Gewalt besitzen. Seine einzige Aufgabe wird es sein, die Regierungen der Vereinigten Staaten, Grossbritanniens und der Sowjetunion zu beraten und nicht-militärische Probleme in Beziehung zu den feindlichen Gebieten zu behandein.”
“Für die Behandlung der Probleme, die sich aus der Unterwerfung Italiens ergeben, wurde ein Rat eingesetzt, dem ausser den Vertretern der drei Grossmächte, Vertretern des französischen Komitees der Nationalen Befreiung und der jugoslawischen und griechischen Regierungen angehören warden.”
“In ihrer Erklärung über Italien hat die Konferenz eine Anzahl von Grundsätzen entwickelt, die für die demokratische Wiederherstellung des inneren politischen Aufbaues des Landes massgebend sein warden. Diese Grundsätze,wie Religionsfreiheit, Rede- und Versammlungsfreiheit und Pressefreiheit, bilden die grundlegenden Menschenrechte jeder zivilisierten Gemeinschaft.”
“Die Konferenz hat ferner den gewalt samen Raub des unglücklichen Österreichs als null und nichtig erklärt. Österreichs soll al sein freier und unabhängiger Staat wieder aufgerichtet warden. Gleichzeitig wurde jedoch dem österreichischen Volke zur Kenntnis gebracht, dass die Behandlung Österreichs nach einer endgültigen Prüfung vom Ausmass des Beitrages abhängig sein wird, den das österreichische Volk selbst für die Besiegung Deutschlands und Befreiung seines eigenen Landes leistet.”
“Die Konferenz bot auch die Gelegenheit, für eine feierliche Erklärung der Regierungschefs der drei Grossmächte über die barbarischen und verabscheuungswürdigen Verbrechen, die von den Naziführern an den gehetzten und verfolgten Einwohnern der besetzten Gebiete verübt wunden. Ihre Opfer sind Angehörige aller Rassen und Religionen. Aber die Juden hat Hitler als besondere Opfer seiner brutalen Wut ausersehen. Alle diese Verbrechen warden ihre angemessene Bestrafung finden.”
“Von überragendster Bedeutung war jedoch der Geist internationaler Zusammenarbeit, der die Konferenz beherrschte und seinen praktischen Ausdruck in den wie auch für die Nachkriegszeit, fand.”
“Ich bin als Amerikaner stolz,” so schloss Cordell Hull, “dass die beiden Häuser des Kongresses mit überwältigen den. Mehrheiten in Beschlüssen ihren Willen ausgesorochen haben, dass unser Land mit anderen souveränen Nationen am Aufbau eines wirksamen Systems internationaler Zusammenarbeit teilnehme, eines Systems, das den Weltfreiden sichert.”
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STERNENBANNER 3
[photograph 1] [photograph 2] [photograph 3]
[photograph 4] [photograph 5]
Amerikanisches Allerlei
Die Neue Schule für Sozialforschung in New York feierte im Herbst ihren zehnten Gründungstag. In 1933 hoffte Dr. Alvin Johnson ein Institut zu schaffen, um deutschen Wissenschaftlern, durch Hitler ihrer Posten beraubt, die Möglichkeit zu geben, wieder ihren Beruf ausüben zu können. Dadurch, dass den deutschen Gelehrten in rascher Reihenfolge die Wissenschafter Österreichs, der Tschechoslowakei, Italiens, Frankreichs, Polens, Belgiens, Norwegens und Griechenlands folgten, entwickelte sich das bescheiden begonnene Institut innerhalb kurzer Zeit zu einer der führenden Schulen für Sozialwissenschaften. Die Fakultät, die ursprünglich nur 10 deutsche Lehrer zählte, wuchs auf 22 Dauer- und 11 GastProfessoren an. sowie sechs Dozenten und viele Assistenten.
Im letzten Jahr hat sich Amerikas Eisenbahnverkehr fast verdoppelt: 24 Stunden im Tag fährt alle sechs Minute nein Truppentransport los, und alle vier Sekunden ein Güterzug ab.
Philip Murray, Präsident der CIO (Congress of Industrial Orgamisations), einer der grössten Arbeitervereinigungen Amerikas, sprach über die Judenverfolgungen in Dänemark: “Voller Genugtung erfahren wir, dass ungefähr 5.000 dänische Juden und 3.000 weitere Dänen nach Schweden entkommen sind. Die menschliche Art und Weise, in der Schweden den Verfolgten Unterkunft gewährt hat, verdient die grösste Anerkennung. Die dänische Arbeiterschaft hat uns bewiesen, dass es ihr nicht an Mut fehlt. Der von jeher bekannte dänische Gerechtigkeitssinn hat sich wiederum durchgesetzt: - Die dänischen Arbeiter haben sich nicht von den Nazis einschüchtern lassen und sind ihren jüdischen Kameraden brav zur Seite gestanden.”
Der Leiter des amerikanischen Wohnbauamtes erklärte, dass im Rahmen des Kriegswohnbauprogrammes, bis zum 1. November dieses Jahres 600.000 Wohnhäuser gebaut wurden. Über 80.000 weitere Wohnhäuser sin dim Bau.
Amerikanische Elitetruppen beteiligten sic him November an grossangelegten Manövern an der englischen Küste. Dies gehört zu ihrer Ausbildung für die “Zweite Front.”
Bei den Manövern wurden Panzerkampfwagen, Artillerie, Pakverbände, Flammenwerfer, mittlere Bomber, Jäger und neuartige Waffen, die bei Landungsoperationen zum Einsatz kommen warden, verwendet.
Die Bilder auf dieser Seite zeigen interessante Einzelheiten dieser Invasionsübungen:
1. Truppen in voller Ausrüstung benützen Netze, mit deren Hilfe sie schnell von der Schiffen in die Landungsboote gelangen können.
2. Die Soldaten stürmen mit ihrer Ausrüstung ans Ufer.
3. Diese Amphibien-Fahrzeuge bewegen sich ebenso gut zu Lande, wie zu Wasser. Sie versorgen die Truppen am Ufer mit Kriegsmaterial und anderen Vorräten, die auf Schiffen mitgeführt wurden.
4. Ein M-4 Tank überwindet alle Geländeschwierigkeiten.
5. Die hier abgebildete Waffe ist ein für die Bekämpfung von Panzerwagen bestimmtes Raketengeschütz. Die amerikanischen Soldaten nennen es “Bazooka.” Zwei Mann genügen zu seiner Bedienung, es wiegt nicht viel und wird wie ein Gewehr gehandhabt. In Nordafrika, Sizilien und Italien hat es sich ausserordentlich gut bewährt.
Die Invasionsübungen sollten einer wirklichen Schlacht, soweit als möglich, gleichen. Es wunde scharf geschossen, Explosionen von Füllpulver 31 ereigneten sich, Stacheldraht, natürliche und künstliche Hindernisse alle Art, mussten überwunden warden, um die Verhältnisse an der Front realistisch darzustellen.
Wachsende USA Hilfe für die Sowjetunion
In Washington wurden im November die neuesten Ziffern über das, der Sowjetunion im Rahmen des Leih- und Pachtabkommens gelieferte Kriegmaterial, amtlich bekanntgegeben.
Die nachstehenden Mengen von Kriegsmaterial wurden bis zum 30. September 1943 in die U.S.S.R. befördert:
Mehr als 6.500 Flugzeuge
Mehr als 3.000 Panzerkampfwagen
Mehr als 125.000 Maschinenpistolen
Mehr als 145.000 Lastkraftwagen
Mehr als 25.000 PKW
Mehr als 200.000 Feldtelphone
Mehr als 1.000.000 Tonnen Stahl und Stahlprodukte
Mehr als 300.000 Tonnen nicht-eisenhaltiger Metalle
Mehr als 300.000 Tonnen Chemikalien und Sprengstoffe
Mehr als 500.000 Tonnen PetroleumProdukte.
Die nach der Sowjetunion verschifften Nahrungsmittel, die hauptsächlich aus Weizen, Mehl, Fleisch, Ölen und Fetten bestanden, hatten den Zweck, den Verlust der von den deutschen Truppen besetzten fruchtbaren Gerbiete auszugleichen. Mehr als 10.000 Tonnen Saatgetreide wurden ebenfalls nach Russland geschafft. Obwohl Nahrungsmittel nur einen Bruchteil der amerikanischen Gesamtlieferungen bildeten, haben sie sich doch als ausserordentliche Hilfe für die russischen Streitkräfte und die Zivilbevölkerung erwiesen.
USA Lebensmittelproduktion
Claude Wickard, der Leiter des amerikanischen Landwirtschaftsamtes, gab bekannt: “Die Landwirtschaftsproduktion in den Vereinigten ~Staaen ist dieses Jahr um ungefähr 43 Prozent höher als während derselben Zeitspanne im ersten Weltkrieg.
Alliierte Hilfe
(Fortsetzung von Seite 1)
zum Beispiel, bereits geschaffen. Immer mehr Italiener aus Sizilien und Italien kämpfen bereits Schulter an Schulter mit den Soldaten der Vereinten Nationen auf ihrem Marsch nach Berlin. Viele sind mit dem Bau von Strassen und militärischen Einrcihtungen beschäftigt, die unsere Kriegsoperationen erfordern. Millionen warten auf den Augenblick, wenn auch sie zum Schlag gegen den Feind ausholen können.”
“Diese Völker woollen keine milden Gaben. Sie woollen die Kraft wiederfinden, um zu kämpfen und ihren Anteil zur Sicherung des Friedens beizutragen. Den befreiten Nationen während des Krieges zu helfen, ist eine militärische Notwendigkeit, aber auch ein Gebot der Menschlichkeit.”
“Die Verwüstungen und Zerrüttungen, welche die Kriegsmaschinen der Deutschen und Japaner verursacht haben, sind so ungeheuer, dass dieser Weltkatastrophe nur durch eine gemeinsame Aktion der 44 Vereinten Nationen Einhalt geboten warden kann. Die Vereinbarung, die das Amt für Hilfe und Wiederaufbau ins Leben rief, sieht daher vor, dass jede Nation, ihren Mitteln entsprechend, zu diesem gemeinsamen Werk beitragen soll. Jede Nation wird selbst entscheiden, wieveil und was sie beisteuern kann.”
“Die Art und die Grösse des Beitrages der Vereinigten Staaten wird, im Einklang mit den Bestimmungen des Hilfs-und Wiederaufbauabkommens, vom Kongress auf verfassungsmässige Weise festgesetzt warden.”
“Vorläufig empfehle ich dem Kongress, einen Gesetzesentwurf anzunehmen, der die Mittel bereitstellt, um den Vereinigten Staaten die Teilnahme am Amte für Hilfe und Wiederaufbau zu gestatten.”
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT.
Neue Ölanlage
Die Sun Oil Company hat in Pennsylvanien die grösste Anlage zur Herstellung hochgradigen Flugzeugbenzins fertiggestellt und sie bereits in Betrieb genommen. Die wöchentliche Produktion dieser Anlage genügt, um mehr als 2.000 viermotorige Bomber mit Triebstoff für Flüge von England nach Berlin und zurück, zu versorgen.
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4 STERNENBANNER
Beginn des dritten Kriegswinters im Osten
“Heute morgen war die Erde Weiss. Der erste Schnee ist hier bei un sim Süden der Ostfront gefallen. Der Wind ist kalt und die Tage sind kurz,” so leitete der Kriegsberichterstatter Heinz Mägerlein im deutschen Rundfunk am 21. November seinen Frontbereicht ein.
“Der Winter steht vor der Türe,” so fuhr er fort. “Es ist der dritte Winter, der deutsche Soldaten in der östlichen Weite in schwerstem Ringen sieht . . . Keiner von uns weicht den Gedanken aus, die erster Schnee und erste Kälte auslösen. Keener hat Illusionen . . .”
Als für die deutsche Armee der dritte Winter im Osten began, tobten blutige Schlachten am Westufer des Dnjepr, wo die Russen starke Brückenköpfe errichtet hatten und Schlachten am Zusammenfluss des Sosh und des Dnjepr südlich Gomels, nördlich und südlich Kiews, bei Tscherkassy, bei Krementschug und bei Dnjepropetrowsk.
Die Sowjets hatten eine eigene Armee für den Winterfeldzug bereitgestellt, ausgerüstet mit all den Erfordernissen und Waffen für Operationen in Eis und Schnee. Die Rote Winterarmee war für die grosse russische Sommeroffensive nicht beansprucht worden. Die deutsche Armee, die gehofft hatte, sich in der Dnjeprlinie eingraben und dort überwintern zu können, kämpfte verweifelt bei Kriwoirog und bei Gomel, wo sie die Pripjetsümpfe im Rücken hatte.
Die Russen sturmten am 6. November Kiew, die Hauptstadtder Ukraine und Russlands drittgrösste Stadt, nachdem sie sie vorher eingeschlossen hatten. Gleich darauf treiben sie die Deutschen mehr als hundert Kilometer weiter gegen den Westen. Sie eroberten Shitomir, Korosten und Owrutsch und durchschnitten die Eisenbahnlinie, die den Norden mit dem Süden der Fronten verbindet. Erst jetzt versuchten die Deutschen Gegenangriffe. Sie eroberten Shitomir zurück – es war der erste wesentliche Erfolg, den sie nach vielen Monaten in Russland erzielt haben – und drangen eine Strecke gegen den Osten vor. Die Russen setzten dem deutschen Vormarsch heftigen Widerstand entgegen, um ihn zum Stehen zu bringen und nötigten die Deutschen, von allen Frontabschnitten Verstärkungen heranzuführen. Nördlich von diesem Abschnitt errichtete die Rote Armee einen Brückenkopf am Westufer des Dnjepr bei Rjetschiza. Gomel am Flusse Sosh, der dort vom Osten in den Dnjepr mündet, wurde abgesschnitten und am 26. November zurückerobert. Von dort drang die Rote Armee tief in das Gebiet Weissrusslands.
Deutsche Propaganda
Das deutsche Propagandaministerium hatte den Rückzug im Sommer mit der Behauptung gerechtfertigt, dass dadurch die Verbindungslinien verkürzt und die Kampfkraft der Truppen aufgespart warden würde. Nichts von alledem wurde erreicht. Denn die deutschen Verbindungslinien mussten unter dem Drunk der unnachgiebigen russischen Angriffe gewechselt warden; sie wurden umso komplizierter, je tiefer die Russen in die deutschen Linien brachen. Als die Russen über die Nogaische Steppe gegen die Dnjeprmündung vordrangen, schnitten sie die Krim völlig zu Lande ab. Die Rote Armee durchbrach an vielen Punkten die Eisenbahnlinien von Westen nach Osten und von Norden nach Süden. Nach der Eroberung von Korosten trennten sie die Verbindung zweischen der nördlichen und südlichen Front; übrig blieb nur eine Eisenbahnstrecke 150 Kilometer weiter gegen den Westen.
Ebensowenig gelang es, die deutsche Kampfkraft aufzusparen. Marschall Stalin erklärte am 6. November, dass die Deutschen 4.000.000 Mann an Toten, Verwundeten und Gefangenen während der vergangenen 12 Monate verloren hatten und überdies aus drei Vierteln der Gebiete vertrieben worden waren, die sie einst in Russland besetzt hatten.
DIE STIMME AMERIKAS
Auf Mittelwelle weitergeleitet vom britischen Rundfunk:
ZEIT 09.00 METER 1500, 373, 49, 41, 31.
21.00 METER 373, 285, 49, 42, 41, 31.
Auf Kurzwelle allstündlich um Viertel nach:
[table]
Arbeiterprogramm täglich um 06.15 und 20.15
Sie hören Kriegsgefangenenpost in den unterstrichenen Programmen
“Noch niemals . . .”
Adolf Hitler erklärte am 8. November 1941 in einer Rede anlässlich des 18. Jahrestages des Münchner Putsches:
“Noch niemals ist ein Riesenreich in kürzerer Zeit zertrümmert und niedergeschlagen worden, als dieses Mal Sowjetrussland.”
Bei der gleichen Gelegenheit bemerkte der Führer:
“Ich habe auf gewissen Gebieten überhaupt keine Experten. Bei mir genügt immer mein Kopf ganz allein.
. . Wenn also wirklich eine Veränderung irgendwo stattfinden soll, dann entsteht das zunächst in meinen Gehirn und nicht im Gehirn anderer, auch nicht in dem von Experten.”
Die Überschreitung des Dnjepr
[picture]
Auf dieser Karte sind die Stellen ersichtlich, an denen die Russen den Dnjepr überschritten und tief in die deeutschen Linien eindrangen.
[26. Nov. 1943]
Japaner von Stützpunkten vertrieben
Im Laufe dieses Herbstes richteten sich die Angriffe der Alliierten zu Lande, zu Wasser und aus der Luft gegen von den Japanern besetzte Inseln im Stützpunkte beherrschen die Seewege nach Japan über die Philippinen und Hollänadisch-Ostindien.
Die Stadt Rabaul auf Neu-Britannien ist die Schlüsselstellung, die japanische Truppen- und Kriegsmaterialtransporte passieren müssen, um von im Norden gelegenen Stützpunkten die Kampffronten im südwestlichen Stillen Ozean zu erreichen. Vom 13. Oktober bis zum 14. November bombardierten die Alliierten dieser Stützpunkt immer wieder heftig. Die Angriffe wurden von Landflugzeugen und Maschinen ausgeführt, die von Flugzeugträgern aufstiegen. Japanische Kriegsund Handelsschiffe, Hafenanlagen und Flugplätze, sowie mehr als 400 Flugzeuge, wurden hierbei zerstört.
Immer weiter ihren Ring um Rabaul verfengend, vertrieben die alliierten weiter südwestlich die Japaner aus ihren Stützpunkten Salamaua, Lae und Finschhafen an der Nordküste von Neu-Guinea, einer Insel, die grosser ist, als Deutschland, Österreich, Ungarn und die TschechoSlowakei zusammengenommen. Im Süden eroberten die Alliierten schon zu Beginn des vergangenen Sommers Stützpunkte auf den Inseln Woodlark und Trobriend.
Südlich Rabaul landeten alliierte Streitkräfte auf Bougainville, der einzig übrig bleibenden Insel der Salomonen in Richtung auf Neu-Britannien. Marinesoldaten landeten am 1. November in der AugustaBucht. Alliierte Infanterie folgte ihnen. Gegenangriffe der Japaner wurder zurückgeschlagen und der Brückenkopf erweitert und ausgebaut.
Nach einem schweren Bombardement durch Kriegsschiffe und Flieger, die von Flugzeugträgern aus operierten, landeten am 20. November amerikanische Marinesoldaten auf den Inselgruppe im Stillen Ozean. Die zu der Gilbert-Inselgruppe gehörige Betio-Insel wurde am 23. November von amerikanischer Marineinfanterie besetzt.
Die Herrschaft über diese Inseln würde es den Alliierten ermöglichen, die Stützpunkte der Japaner im mittleren Stillen Ozean auf der Marshall- und Karolinen-Inselgruppe, zu umgehen.
Auch die Marshall- und Wake-Inseln, nördlich der Inselgruppe Gilbert, wurden von amerikanischen Bombern angegriffen.
Inzwischen feierten die Japaner einen Phantasie-Sieg. Die New York Times äussertte sich am 16. November über den angeblich grossen japanischen Sieg in einer Seeschlacht mit folgenden Worten:
“Dies ist eines der erstaunlichsten Betrugsversuche der Geschichte. Vor zwei Wochen began Radio Tokio damit, Berichte über eine Reihe von See- und Luftgefechten bei Bougainville zu senden. Nach und nach behaupteten die Japaner hundert amerikanische Kriegsschiffe, darunter zwei Flugzeugträger, vier Schlachtschiffe und zwei Kreuzer ausser Gefecht gesetzt und 268 Flugzuge abgeschossen zu haben. Wie das Marineministerium der Vereinigten Staaten feststellt, wurden diese Schlachten nie ausgefochten und daher auch keine amerikanischen Kriegsschiffe versenkt. Das einzige wirkliche Gefecht, das sich bei Bougainville abspielte, war die Zerstreuung leichter japanischer Seestreitkräfte.”
USG. 16
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Sternenbanner, London 29 November 1943
Propaganda leaflet USG16
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USA propaganda leaflet covering bombs dropped on major German cities, American troops under training in the UK and the Russian front.
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Office of War Information
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1943-11-29
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Four page newsletter
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deu
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Text
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Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
United States Army Air Force
United States Army
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
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IBCC Digital Archive
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Pending review
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1943
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Steve Baldwin
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SBrookerWH[Ser%20-DoB]v10003-0001; SBrookerWH[Ser%20-DoB]v10003-0002; SBrookerWH[Ser%20-DoB]v10003-0003; SBrookerWH[Ser%20-DoB]v10003-0004
bombing
Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945)
propaganda
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882-1945)
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17684/BBrookerWHBrookerWHv1.2.Pdf
24729bb5b19388c22accd4ab9136516e
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Title
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Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
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IBCC Digital Archive
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2018-04-02
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
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Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
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[underlined] INTRODUCTION [/underlined]
This is the World War II service history of RAAF Flight Lieutenant W H Brooker, who was decorated with the Distinguished Flying Cross, and also mentioned in Despatches.
After the War Service he was awarded a Diploma of Accountancy and was admitted to the status of AASA and is Certified Practising Accountant. [inserted] AUDITOR 3335 [/inserted]
He was born at Lameroo South Australia on 3rd April 1920. He completed his education in 1934 and was awarded the Dux of the Lameroo Higher Primary School.
Typed for Mr Brooker by Mrs Rhonda Copper
[page break]
[underlined] MY HISTORY WITH BOMBER COMMAND OF THE RAF [/underlined]
I will commence at the beginning of my time on the RAAF, and my World War II service in Bomber Command.
I volunteered for aircrew in the RAAF about June or July 1940, and was called up for the service about 27th February 1941. The entry at that time was called 12 Course: this means the Empire Training Scheme commenced about Jan/Feb 1940, representing an in-take each month. Training took place in Australia, Canada, Rhodesia, Kenya and South Africa. I believe some training did occur in England; but most English trainees were sent overseas, mainly to Canada. I do not think any came to Australia.
The trainees were allotted to specific courses – Pilot, Observer/Navigator, and Wireless Operator/Air Gunner. Certain numbers of Australian trainees were sent to Canada, but after some initial training of about 6 weeks in Australia. The courses for pilots were held at Initial Flying Training Schools. Observers/Navigators went to other places, and Wireless Operators, Gunners went to other places also. The whole course took each category about 6 months. I went to Pearce, WA for initial training – then Ballarat for wireless training, then to Pt Pirie for gunnery, and flew in Fairey Battle aircraft. Observers also went there for bombing training.
I believe that flying training was not undertaken in England, due to the airfields being required for offence, and defensive purposes, and probable to give the rest of the Empire something to do, and of course, the space available.
Of course another reason is the terrible weather in England, especially in the winter months, and the industrial haze. Visibility was very much impaired. In fact, flying training at Operational Training Units (OTUS) could not be undertaken for several days at a time.
1
[page break]
The training in Australia to passing out stage, and the awarding of wings and promotion, took about 6 months. Some were promoted to the Commissioned rank of Pilot Officer, while the remainder became Sergeants.
I believe most of the newly qualified personnel were sent overseas to the United Kingdom, while a lesser number were retained in Australia, to become instructors, or go on to Squadrons, where they would have had to undergo further training on the aircraft, with which each Squadron was equipped, and of course the duties and tactics of the Squadron.
Those who graduated as in gunnery without wireless qualifications, had to go to England, due to Australia not having a need for them. Our gunnery duties were performed by the wireless/air gunner, but only in Beauforts.
Those who went to England were drafted to the Royal Air Force operational training units, for a course of instruction on the aircraft that they would be flying, on operations. These courses lasted several months due to the poor weather. In Australia it would have been about two months or less.
The main OTU for Australians was No 27, located at Lichfield in the Trent Valley. There was also a satellite airfield located at Church Broughton – near Derby.
Bomber Command had about 5 or 6 of these stations. There are located towards the midland, or centre of England, and in Scotland. In fact due to bad weather, several courses were transferred to Lossiemouth, Scotland. I should have said that on arrival in England, we were sent to holding units to live, until vacancies became available and the various OTU. Australians went to Bournemouth on the Channel coast; later this holding unit was transferred to Brighton. I spent about 2 1/2 months at Bournemouth.
2
[page break]
I and several others arrived at 27 OTU Lichfield, in the Trent Valley, on 13th January 1942, but were immediately transferred to a satellite holding camp about 20 miles away. It was a farm called ‘Kings Standing’, supposedly owned by the Prince of Wales. It was very poor, cold, wet and snowed; however we were only there for about 3 or 4 weeks. You can now see that there was a terrific lot of waiting and wasting of time. It would seem that the flow of personnel was quicker, than the absorption rate and getting personnel into operations.
Eventually my group got into real training at Lichfield with classroom subjects on the aircraft, being Wellington Mark IC, being taught the various parts and stations in the aircraft, and of course gunnery. We had a ground rear turret with two Browning 303 machine guns, with belt feed at the rate of about 1150 rounds per minute. The turret could be rotated and the guns elevated, and depressed. We did go to a firing range with turret mounted on a trailer, and being of hydraulic operation, it was powered by a Ford 10HP engine. The ammunition was stored or packed in four containers within the turret. The turrets could be used to measure the wind shift. The guns were sighted on an object on the full beam, and there was a scale on the fixed part of the turret ring, that gave a reading for the Navigator. These engines were widely used for powering searchlights, and as hauling winches for barrage balloons and anti aircraft guns.
Besides being taught gunnery, we had subjects on parachute drill, harness and handling of parachutes, and stowage; entry and exit from aircraft; aircraft identification and recognition; ditching procedure and dinghy drill; how to speak to; and answer the other members of the crew, and the correct patter, or other matters.
Ground subjects would have been aircraft recognition during day and nights. It was necessary to identify between a Messerschmidt 109, Hurricane, Spitfire, Beaufighter Mosquito, V Junkers 88, and later a US Thunderbolt and Focke Wulf 190. We were told of tactics, when caught in searchlights and anti aircraft fire, barrage balloons, and icing of wings (it changes the shape of the aero-foil). Also exits for parachuting and ditching, and getting into the dinghies.
3
[page break]
Also getting into the aircraft on the ground and out, while the engines are running; persons were known to walk into a spinning propeller.
At the end of training at an OUT [sic], the crews were sent on a cross-country exercise. One of the final was at St Tugwell. They flew to St Tugwell, an uninhabited small island in the Irish Sea.
The bomb aimers were able to drop several live bombs, and after that the height was reduced, so that the gunners could fire at the rocks and seagulls.
Reporting to the pilot and crew on what was observed, such as flash, searchlights and attacking fighter aircraft. Of course other categories were undergoing their specialist training, on ground subjects.
After a few weeks, pilots were told to get a crew together. This was done by approaching people they knew. First selection was probably Navigator, and then Wireless operators. At this state [sic] I must say that some navigators became bomb aimers, and had to get used to gunnery at short notice, as they occupied the front turret; and last, the rear gunner, unless he had become known to others. This made up a crew of 5.
Pilots would have had a mixture of ground subject and actual flying, as the latter would have taken longer, especially in the poor weather. The crew of the Wellington would have been made up of instructor pilot, trainee pilot, instructor wireless operator, and instructor rear gunner. The training was what was called circuits and bumps; ie take off circuits and landing taxiing, about 6 times in a lesson.
4
[page break]
[underlined] HISTORY OF BOMBING OR DROPPING BOMBS FROM AIRCRAFT [/underlined]
This had its beginning during the First World War. At the end of the War the British had to decide what direction the Armed Service should go, and in view of the post war reconstruction for the civil population, made it necessary to cut back in finances from the armed forces.
For example, the army commands decided that tanks were only a passing phase; similarly machine guns, and that money would not be spent on those two branches.
Aircraft had been under the command of the Navy and Army, and these two arms would like to continue that way. The Navy and Army were much against aircraft becoming a separate arm of attack or defense, even after WW1, although on 1st April 1918, the Royal Air Force was established as a separate arm. The Army and Navy were against it, probably due to the great expense that was necessary to provide aircraft and all the support activities.
It was after the war that many countries were put under the control of France and Britain. Several of these came to Britain, Palestine, Trans Jordan, Mesopotamia (Iraq) etc. The French got Syria and Lebanon, and we (Australia) got New Guinea. The three armed service were permitted to express their desire and cost. The RAF won, due to the personnel, costs and efforts. This is when aerial bombing both by day and night was developed. It created great opportunities for flying, training, development of aircraft, bombs, and of course the accuracy and development of release mechanism, and the bombsights.
The pilots who took part in these operations [inserted] w[/inserted]ere the same personnel who, on their return and in the 1930’s became the senior officers to command the RAF during World War II. Such names come to mind as, Charles Portal, Arthur Harris, and the Hon. Peter Cochcrane, Lord Trenchard.
5
[page break]
After passing out of the OTU the crew reverted [inserted] were posted [/inserted] to the various squadrons equipped with
2-engined aircraft. This was before the 4-engined machines became available in greater numbers. The type we had were Mark 111 Wellingtons with Bristol Hercules radial engines, with sleeve valves 14 cylinders in two rows. They were faster than we had trained on, and had 4 gunned rear turrets; and ammunition was stored in bins about mid way along the fuselage, and came along in chutes to the turret, up through the floor. These aircraft were also equipped with GEE, a radar navigation aid. This meant that the navigators had to be trained.
On arrival at the squadron at Snaith, Yorkshire, the new crew were sent on short training flights to become accustomed to the new surroundings, and the later aircraft and engines.
At OTU our crew consisted of four Australians, Sergeants and English Pilot Officer. The first operation was for the new pilot to do a second dickie trip with an experienced crew.
It was on this trip that our pilot became very sick, and had to be taken off operations. He later was discharged, but was accepted by ATA (Air Transport Auxiliary). These pilots ferried aircraft from maintenance depots to squadrons etc. Two well-known pilots were Amy Johnson and Jim Mollinson.
These pilots became very expert and versatile and could fly many various makes and types of aircraft.
I was on the tarmac when two ATA pilots came to take two Beaufighters away – one was a woman. But the two aircraft were different; one had Bristol Hercules 14 cylinder radial engines in two rows; the other had Rolls Royce V12 engines. I heard them say, “I have never flown one of those”. So they decided the woman would take the conventional one, with the radial engines. So the man got the manual out and started perusing it; then said “Well, if I get into trouble I will read it then”.
6
[page break]
This resulted in us being a headless crew; however it did not last for long, and we got an English Sergeant, who proved to be very good. He was a spare who had lost his crew when he was off; be he had about ten trips to he credit, so we had him until he clocked up his 30 trips for the tour. He was the pilot who took our next pilot on his second dickie. We were matched with an Australian, he was a Flight Lieutenant who remustered from ground duties and kept his rank.
We have better wireless equipment. All aircraft of the RAF were equipped with an automatic signaling device, known as Identification Friend or Foe (IFF). This was uses over England, and after crossing the North Sea or English Channel, was switched off to prevent the Germans homing on to it. On the return it was switched on when nearing the English coast. Failure resulted in the anti aircraft batteries starting to shoot.
Our first sortie was to Emden on the night of 22nd June 1942 from 23.25 hours, for 6 hours 15 minutes uneventful.
The second sortie: 25th June 1942 from 23.30 hours for 6 hours 40 minutes to Bremen. On the way back we were caught in a cone of searchlight; at about 14,000 ft we twisted etc and lost height and I could fire at searchlights. We were hit by light tracer flak, and sustained a hole in a petrol tank at the top.
The next operation was termed “Gardening”, and consisted of dropping mines in the Kiel Canal, from about 700 feet, on parachutes so as not to damage them and keep them live, until a ship passed over them. We carried two at about 2000 Ibs each. This type of attack was fairly frequent and rendered substantial results. The time was 3 hours 50 minutes after take off at 0145 on 8th July 1942.
All my operations were at night.
7
[page break]
The next trip was on the same day, and with take off at 23.35 hours to Wilhelmshaven for 5 hours 35 minutes. We were chased by a Mersserschmidt 109 but were able to take evasive action.
Still during July we went to Duisberg three times. On one occasion we sighted a Junkers 88 twin-engine night fighter, but we took evasive action. It was the tactic not to allow an attack before the range closed. Of courses we do not fire; the tracer bullets would have shown our position. It was said that the Germans, on identification of the bombers, did not want to take on the four guns.
On another mission on 11th August 1942, we went to bomb Mainz from 2215 hours for a flight of 6 hours 30 minutes. We saw several aircraft go down. One was on fire and we saw 3 parachutes appear. The rest of this story had a sequel. I was sent on a gunnery course, and we were asked to tell of our experiences; so I mentioned the parachutes, and sitting next to me the person said, “I was one of them”.
To continue, he landed safely in France and was rescued by the French, and he was passed on to various locations, and was back in England within 19 days. This resulted in him not being used, to fly over France and Germany again.
Other sorties were to Frankfurt; during the trip I saw a Focke Wulf 190, a single radial engine German fighter. It was the first sighting of this type of aircraft at night. All crews were interrogated on their return. My story resulted in me being called by the Intelligence Officer the next afternoon.
We went to Kassal, Saarbrucken twice, Karlsruhe, Bremen (sustained holes from flak, anti aircraft fire), Duisberg and Bremen again.
Mine laying among the Friesian Isles twice, and St Nazaire (Bay of Biscay)) twice, Saarbrucken again.
Lorient mine laying.
8
[page break]
On 8/11/42 at 1740 hours we went to Hamburg for a flight of 6 hours and 30 minutes. You will notice that take off was quite early and this could be achieved due to the less hours of daylight. This was my thirtieth operation and resulted in me being ‘screened’, the term used for term expired aircrew.
The crews were quite often broken up and sent to operational trainings as instructors for a rest period. I went back to Lichfield, Staffordshire. I was sent on a specialist course at a training unit to do an air gunnery instruction course, which lasted about 2 months. On completion of the course I returned to Lichfield, but after a few days I was sent to the Satellite Church Broughton airfield, as an instructor. The station was not very large, only about ten aircraft, being Wellingtons. It was not very far from Derby. There was one activity of interest there being the testing of Gloster Meteors Mark 1 and Mark 11, being pure jet aircraft. As an aside, there was a Wellington fitted with a jet engine in the tail of the fuselage as test aircraft. Part of the test was to feather the two piston engines, and fly just of the jet, I believe it was quite fast.
The Commanding Officer was an Australian Wing Commander, Ken Baird from Ballarat, an early appointment of an Australian.
On 3/10/1943 I was sent on a short gunnery course of 3 weeks, mainly flying against attacking aircraft.
At the end of October, I was sent to a heavy conversion unit, to meet a new crew of Australian and one Englishman, to be trained for Lancasters. The five Aussies had just passed out of 27 OUT on Wellingtons at Lichfield. The Englishman was our Flight engineer who had remustered from a fitter. This course took about two months; part of familiarization on the ground and flying take off circuits, landing, and later cross-country, mainly at night.
9
[page break]
In fact, our first 4-engined flight was in a Halifax for about 3 trips. It can be mentioned that the instructor pilots were, of course, screened from operations and could fly either Halifax or Lancasters. We were at two stations in Lincolnshire at Skellingthorpe and Swinderby. Our conversions finished on 23/12/1943 and we were posted to 463 RAAF Squadron at Waddington, Lincolnshire about 3 miles south of the city of Lincoln.
We were one of the foundation crews of 463, which was formed by taking several crews from 467 RAAF, and then building up to about 20 crews each. 467 had been stationed at Bottesford, which is a bit further inland, and was a new war-time airfield. Waddington was and still is, a permanent station being built up during the First World War. In fact it was an airfield before WW1. The citizens of Lincoln are very proud of Waddington airfield, and the staff have in more recent times been granted the freedom of the city.
As an aside, Lincoln has been classed as a City for several hundred years. The lord Mayor carries the title of Right Worship; even the lord Mayor of London only has the title of Worshipful. The Australian Sister City of Lincoln is Port Lincoln.
Our operations with 463 Squadron commenced on 2/1/1944; but we did not complete the mission due to icing, and could not gain the height of 20,000 feet, so we returned, as we could only reach about 12,000. So we jettisoned the load safe over Holland. The next trips were to Brunswick, Magdebur, then 4 to Berlin. On the second to Berlin we shot down a Focke Wulf 190 single engine fighter from a range of about 40 yards. The trips took about 8 to 9 hours.
Other targets were Liepzig, Stuttgart twice, Schweinfurt, Augsburg.
After these I went to the Central Gunnery School to partake in a specialist course for gunnery leaders for three weeks during the month of April.
10
[page break]
On my return to 463 Squadron my crew was still there, they had survived about 10 operations; this put us about level in the count. They had to do 30 sorties and I only 20.
The targets now switched from Germany to France.
8th April 1944, we bombed an airfield near Brest. Other targets were Lille (railway yards), Boug Leopold, St Martins camp, gun emplacements at Cherbourg. These were coastal batteries and you can now see we were preparing for the “D” Day landing on the 6th June 1944.
It might be mentioned that larger bombs were capable of splitting the gun barrels, and more accurate.
The strategy was to put coastal batteries out of action and to hamper transport to the French coast. Also to put the Luftwaffe out of action, which was virtually achieved by D Day – done by attacking airfields and destroying the aircraft on the ground, and the facilities.
Another target was the railway marshalling yards at Saumur. We did not drop our bombs, but were ordered to return with the load, probably due to an earlier wave about to destroy the target.
3rd June we bombed a wireless station at Cherbourg. The bomb loads would be increased for those close targets, and be varied to high explosive 500 pound. The load would have probably been 16,000 pounds – 8 tons. The petrol would have been reduced from 2154 gallons to perhaps 1000 gallons.
The weather was very poor in early June; and landing barges etc were loaded, and took refuge from the high seas around Isle of Wight. The weather cleared toward the 5th June and improved further to permit the landings and flights to be made.
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Our target was gun emplacements at Pierre du Mont. Our take off was at 0243 on 6th June and took 4 hours 29 minutes. After bombing we headed southwest to be clear of other operations. On the return, an American Thunderbolt fighter followed for about 10 minutes, probably a bit lost, to access the course home.
Again on 6th June at 2319 yours [sic] we went to a road junction at Argentan, this was to delay the German reinforcements coming to counter the allied armies in Normandy.
Other sorties were to Rennes railway yards and Orleans railways. The latter on 10th June was my last of 52 missions.
Then on leave when returning to Lichfield.
Here I can mention that once aircrew personnel had commenced operations, they were granted leave of 1 week every 6 weeks, and this continued until the end of the war.
Aircrew was given a special flying meal before an operation, and a similar one on return. The menu was always bacon and eggs. Some crew members were given coffee to drink and biscuits to consume during the flight. However this was a bit difficult to handle – take off gloves, pour out into top of thermos flask in total darkness, and minus 40 degrees Celsius. Of course there was always the danger of an attack. The crew had to be on the watch and alert at all times. The gunners rotated their turrets from side to side all the time, and the mid upper could do a complete circle. The only crew member not watching the sky was the navigator, he was the only one in a lighted cubicle. The pilot would also need to watch the instruments, and the Engineer to keep checking the fuel levels, for the amount and transfer and for cross feeding. He had to complete the log.
The wireless-operator stood looking out the astrodome, if he was not required to listen out.
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After take off, the strategy was to climb to our operating height of about 20,000 feet to be above the range of light anti-aircraft fire, and increase the inaccuracy of the fire from larger caliber guns, also perhaps to make it more difficult for fighter aircraft.
Depending on the route to the target, we could still be climbing over the North Sea, but if the route were over Northern France, Belgium, Holland the climbing would have been over England.
The heavy anti-aircraft gun fire was close, when the puffs of black smoke from the shell bursts were at around our level; and closer if you could hear the shell bursts about the noise of the aircraft; and a real close one when the smell of the burst could be smelt even when an oxygen mask was worn.
Oxygen masks were worn all the time, because of the microphone for the intercommunication, within the aircraft. Oxygen was put on at about 5000 feet, although no real effects would be felt until about 10,000 were reached. It was usual for the pilot to call up each crew member about every 15 minutes. If no answer was received it was usually the wireless operator who would go to the position. The mid upper gunner was able to see whether the front and rear turrets were moving.
There were small portable oxygen bottles for use when crew members had to move about.
Searchlights, which I must mention briefly, were used to locate flying aircraft and could illuminate up to 20,000 feet, to aid night fighters and anti-aircraft fire. If searchlights had locked onto an aircraft and then went off, it was sign that a fighter attack may occur. In some instances a large number of lights may lock on; this was disconcerting, as they had a blinding effect and upset the pilots view of the instruments. The most frightening was if the aircraft was under cloud, as each light threw a shadow of the aircraft on the clouds.
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Up to now you may have been wondering how it was decided as to where the targets for Bomber Command would be aimed.
There were Committees of the Chiefs of Staff of the three services, and strategists, as to what would retard the enemy and aid other forces-army-navy. Such targets would be listed. Some that can be mentioned were shipping ports, u-boat facilities, transport, war factories, oil and mining, army, navy and Luftwaffe installations.
There were some targets that may be hard to hit, out of range; others the amount of damage that could be caused and the effort to be incurred to repair it. Bombing an airfield may not be of great result unless aircraft and buildings were destroyed. Bomb craters on the airfield could be reinstated within a few hours.
Alternatively factories could put out of action, or output was substantially reduced for several weeks, or remain as production reduced, for a considerable time.
Oil refineries would have to suffer direct hits and are reasonably small in unpopulated areas.
Populated areas did suffer damage and civilian deaths. This put a strain on other civilian activities, and caused the workers to miss out on work attendance while they attended to home type duties.
Having damaged a highly productive war production area such as the Ruhr Valley. After a series of raids such damage would take some time to repair, and bomber efforts would be directed elsewhere for some time, before it was seen to be useful to revisit those targets.
You will see that the targets that I’ve attacked were an attempt to retard the German war effort, and to take the war to the German people. There were some targets that were attacked that were an urgent nuisance. Like attacking the pocket battle ships as they progressed through the English Channel, and the battleship Bismark as it proceeded in the Atlantic.
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The Chief of Air Staff would have a short list of targets that should be visited provided the conditions were favourable.
The Squadrons would be notified by about 10am that operations were to be prepared for; this would include petrol load, bomb load and types of bombs. Other personnel would be advised of the target and route to be taken. The routes were planned to miss the heavily defended areas, and also to avoid night fighter airfields in close proximity.
The battle order was prepared and posted, so crews knew who were involved. After lunch the pilots and navigators were called to the briefing room for a pre briefing as to target and route. The pilots left early, while the navigators took an hour or so to prepare their charts.
Depending on the time of take off, the timing of the full briefing was fixed when all crew members attended. The Wing Commander named the target and showed the route; the Navigation Officer expanded on the route.
The Intelligence Officer told of the defences etc. The Meteorology Officer (not necessarily an RAF officer) told of the weather for take off etc, along the route, at the target area, the return route and landing.
The wireless operators were given the details of call signs and wave lengths etc on flimsy rice paper so that it could be eaten to destroy it.
During the afternoon an air test of an aircraft could be undertaken, especially if an aircraft had had some special work performed on it. This was limited to some degree due to the petrol being topped up, and the bombs had still to be loaded. The aircraft should be loaded if possible in daylight to observe the blackout.
Security – as soon as the operation was announced some telephone services around the airfield were cut. Public telephones in the base and in the streets and messes were cut.
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All aircraft were dispersed around the airfield to isolate them from an attack and to minimize any damage. It was therefore necessary to have buses or covered trucks with seating, to take the aircrews from the hangars or briefing rooms etc to the aircrafts.
On the return the transport picked up the crews to take them back to the briefing room for interrogation as to their efforts. Every aircraft carried a camera to photograph the result of their bombs. Flares were released to light the target as the bombs dropped, and the camera would run with shutter open until the falling time had elapsed. These photographs were assessed and the crews were told of the result.
In addition photography reconnaissance aircraft were dispatched to be over the target in daylight and take more photographs. Various aircraft were used such as Spitfire, Mosquitoes etc. A Murray Bridge pilot was on one of these units, David Rice. I believe he flew a Spitfire.
Spitfires were specifically prepared, no guns, no armor plate, to reduce weight. The rivets on the fuselage were rubbed down flush to reduce drag and the fuselage polished, no paint.
We were issued with special flying underwear and heated flying suits. The pilot, flight engineer and navigator were in a heated section of the plane, did not need anything special. We were also given an escaping kit to be used in the event of coming down in Europe. The kit contained a compass kit, buttons, war rations etc, money appropriate to the area over which the route took us.
Lectures were also given as to what to say when under enemy interrogations upon capture. The usual period of interrogation was only a day or two before transfer to prisoner-of-war camps.
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If you were able to evade capture, information was given as to how to behave and of course to obey the French Resistance, as to the route to be taken and how to travel. Of course Switzerland was a haven and arrangements were made to repatriate personnel. Another place to head was Spain, but it was further and the mountain range a barrier.
Information was also given to be wary of allied persons who become friendly and quizzed of secrets etc of operations. There were several known RAF personnel who had become stool pigeons, and were given favours by the Germans for information gleaned.
One of these was an RAF man called Flying Officer Metcalf-Freeman. The story of his end was that upon his arrival back in England he was arrested and put into prison for trial. Of course the pictorial media had a field day over this. Fancy a hero, after being in a POW camp for several years, not being allowed to return home to see his wife and family etc. Who saw the film – “The Great Escape” there was an informer in that.
During 1944 Waddington had two crews who become the newsreel photographers. These were both Australian crew. The 35mm camera was mounted in the front turret and the plane carried an extra person who probably gave some instruction to the front gunner. The film was a record of the bombing, and was shown in the London cinemas the next afternoon. One of the pilots was Keith Schutz from Kapunda or Eudunda, and now resides in the Modbury area.
The bomb carrying capacity of the several bombers was:
Wellingtons 4000 Ib crew of 5
Halifax 8000 Ib crew of 7
Mosquito 4000 Ib crew of 2
US Flying Fortress 4000 Ib crew of 10
Lancaster 16000 Ib crew of 7
Stirling 8000 Ib crew of 7 or 8
Now you which aircraft was the most effective for crew number involved.
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[underlined] Aids to Bombers [/underlined]
I mentioned GEE earlier. This was a radar device which had three transmitters in England separated by 100 miles or so. They each sent a signal that was picked up by the set in the aircraft, and the signals inspected on the screen, showed a position that could be plotted on a specifically prepared chart, to give the position over the earth. It was very accurate but its range was only 400-450 miles. The Germans devised a method to partially jam it. We were able to bomb on the position given by GEE.
Later a radar device came into being known as H2S. It was self-contained radar fitted to the underside of the fuselage and it scanned the earth like map reading. It would distinguish between water, land, and gave a picture. It could pick up ploughed fields against trees, forest or meadow. Not every Lancaster was fitted with it, and only squadrons used for making targets.
Talking of special squadrons. There was the pathfinder force made up of well-trained and experienced crews. They went off a few minutes before the main force with the purpose of locating the target, marking it with coloured flares or bomb blasted. They then flew around to assess the marking and report to the main force by RT as the aiming point.
Later developments were for the location and marking to be done by a Mosquito and even by Leonard Cheshire in a Mustang. These were done at lover level.
Another development was to use Mosquito night fighters to accompany the Lancasters, with the aim of getting the German night fighters. This operation was referred to as Intruders, and was quite successful.
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Some Mosquito bombers were fitted with a radar device known as Oboc. This was a navigation signaling system to correct the pilot’s course over the target-bombing run. It had a system of lights in the cockpit to indicate bombing run, and bomb bay doors open, and dropped the bombs, After that the pilot closed the bomb bay doors and turned for home.
A few Lancasters in 1943 and onwards were fitted out with extra wireless and media receivers and transmitters.
They carried extra crewmembers that could speak German, and listened out to hear the German ground controllers and night fighters. They were to give countermanding messages or false messages to confound the night fighters and send them off in the wrong direction. They would have known the target and route. This was called A.B.C. airborne cigar.
Another devise was called Tindal and this was a method of transmitting a noise over the German wavelengths so that the WT & RT (Wireless Telegraphy & Radar Transmission) could not be used. The noise was generated by a microphone fitted to one of the engines. Later it was fitted to the wireless operations gene motor, which was just as effective.
One of the most successful devices was called Window. This was a large number of tin foil strips cut to a certain length and about 1/16” wide. The length of the strip was cut so as to jam to enemy radar, to such an extent that the screens were a total blur of colour and could not show a target, and put the ground, night fighter and anti-aircraft radar, out of action. I think the first target was Hamburg and resulted in great destruction. Even the bitumen streets were alight. The wireless operator fed those bundles out through the flair chute when the target was being reached.
The aim was to cause the conflagration caused by the incendiary bombs. The bomb load consisted of blockbusters, incendiaries and high explosive.
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Incendiaries were packed into containers about 50-60 per container.
Just a short portion on the Commander in Chief, Air Chief Marshall, Sir Arthur Traver Harris. Some people did not like him because of his manner in some instances. However, these people in high places had to be very careful what they said about him and to whom.
We must not forget that Churchill and quite a number of others recognized he was a champion. This was even agreed and echoed by Roosevelt, General Arnold etc and later by Eisenhower when he was supreme Commander European theatre.
Bomber Command was divided into five main groups and all the Commanders were well-known and proven officers and had served with Harris for many years overseas and at home.
With the defeat of the Dutch, Belgians, and French etc and after the evacuation of the British Army from Dunkirk in 1940; only one force carried the war to the German people. This was Bomber Command, especially from 1942 to D Day, commanded by Harris.
METRIC CONVERSION
Feet to Metres x 0.3048
Miles to Kilometres x 1.609
Gallons to Litres x 4.544
Pounds to Kilograms x 0.4536
20
Dublin Core
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Title
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World War II service History of Flight Lieutenant WH Brooker DFC
Description
An account of the resource
WH Brooker volunteered in June or July 1940. He was called up on 27 February 1941 and trained in Pearce, Western Australia. On transfer to UK there were delays in further training.
Initially he served on Wellingtons at Snaith. He describes individual operations starting with Emden. After 30 operations he was transferred to an Operational Training Unit as an instructor, firstly to Lichfield then to Church Broughton. He then transferred to a Heavy Conversion Unit, training on Halifaxes and Lancasters, based at Skellingthorpe and Swinderby. He was then posted to Waddington with 463 Squadron, RAAF. After several operations he transferred to a specialist gunnery course before returning to 463. Bombing operations were switched to France to assist in hampering German reinforcements after D-day. He describes the various roles of the crew during a flight and how targets were decided by the High Command. He concludes with aids to bombers -GEE, H2S, Oboe and Pathfinders. Also he describes counter measures such as ABC, Tidal and Window.
This item was provided, in digital form, by a third-party organisation which used technical specifications and operational protocols that may differ from those used by the IBCC Digital Archive.
Creator
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WH Brooker
Format
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20 typed sheets
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Text. Memoir
Identifier
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BBrookerWHBrookerWHv1
Coverage
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Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
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Australia
Western Australia
Victoria--Ballarat
Great Britain
England--Bournemouth
England--Brighton
Germany--Bremen
Germany--Kiel Canal
Germany--Wilhelmshaven
Germany--Kassel
Germany--Karlsruhe
Germany--Friesland
Germany--Hamburg
England--Lincoln
Germany--Magdeburg
Germany--Berlin
Germany--Leipzig
Germany--Schweinfurt
Germany--Augsburg
France--Brest
France--Lille
Belgium--Leopoldsburg
France--Cherbourg
France--Saumur
France--Orléans
France--Rennes
Germany--Frankfurt am Main
Germany--Braunschweig
Germany--Mainz (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Germany--Duisburg
Germany--Saarbrücken
Germany--Emden (Lower Saxony)
Victoria
France
Germany
Belgium
Germany--Ruhr (Region)
England--Hampshire
England--Lincolnshire
England--Sussex
France--Saint-Nazaire
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
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IBCC Digital Archive
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Georgie Donaldson
27 OTU
463 Squadron
467 Squadron
Air Transport Auxiliary
aircrew
anti-aircraft fire
Beaufighter
bombing
Fw 190
Gee
H2S
Halifax
Harris, Arthur Travers (1892-1984)
Heavy Conversion Unit
Hurricane
incendiary device
Ju 88
Lancaster
Me 109
Meteor
mine laying
Mosquito
Oboe
Operational Training Unit
Portal, Charles (1893-1971)
RAF Bottesford
RAF Church Broughton
RAF Lichfield
RAF Skellingthorpe
RAF Snaith
RAF Swinderby
RAF Waddington
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882-1945)
searchlight
Spitfire
training
Wellington
Window
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17692/MBrookerWH[Ser -DoB]-180402-04.Pdf
3b9047193742b850ace9da368c0472b6
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Date
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2018-04-02
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
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Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
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Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] PRODECURES AND LIFE OF AN AIR GUNNER WITH A LANCASTER SQUADRON [/underlined]
Our Crew arrived at RAAF Lancaster 463 Squadron from Swinderly Heavy Conversion Unit, on 27th December 1943, at Waddington, 3 miles south of the City of Lincoln in Lincolnshire. Waddington became an airfield before the First World War. In our time it had been updated with three concrete runways and sealed taxiing tracks and aircraft dispersal points. No 463 was a new squadron made up from RAAF 467 Squadron that had been at Bottesford, Leicestershire. This was done to create a base with RAF 50 Squadron at a satellite air field at Skellingthorpe, commanded by RAAF Wing Commander Arthur W Doubleday, from Grong Grong NSW.
Our crew was made up as follows:
Pilot Joe Freeman Orange NSW
Navigator Lance Wilson Geelong Vic
Wireless Operator John Bulmer Harden NSW
Bomb Aimer George Flanagan St Arnaud Vic
Rear Gunner James Frith Lismore NSW
Mid Upper Gunner Flying Officer William Brooker Lameroo SA
Flight Engineer Dave Callum RAF Newcastle UK
They were all sergeants doing their first tour. William Brookers was a Flying Officer on his second tour of 20 operations, the rest of them had to complete 30 operations. Flight Engineers were drawn from engine fitters who re-mustered to crew. Our Commanding Officer was Wing-Commander Rollo Kingsford-Smith, a nephew of Sir Charles.
The Station Commander and Base Commander was Group Captain Bonham-Carter RAF (later on an Air Commodore).
The decision as to when we operated and the targets were selected by the Commander-in-Chief, assisted by his staff at High Wycombe, the headquarters of RAF Bomber Command, Air Chief Marshall Sir Arthur T Harris.
The list of targets was composed by the War Cabinet. These would be German factories that produced U Boats, aircraft, guns, cannons, tanks, ships etc. for the German warfare. Other targets were oil, rail and road. There may be special targets such as find and sink the Bismarck, Tirpitz and other battleships.
The cities producing this were attacked (eg: Krupp in the Ruhr Valley). The main targets in Germany was attacked by up to 900 Lancaster bombers.
Mines were laid in U Boat harbour such as Lorient and Saint Nazaare. This was done at a height of 700 feet. The mines were lowered on parachutes to break the fall and exploded as a metal ship or U Boat passed over them.
All operations were made at night. No lights on except essential illumination.
The marking on 463 Squadron were JO and on 467 was PO.
The first letters of the alphabet became ‘A’ Flight while the rest became ‘B’ flight.
Our aircraft was JOT.
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All aircraft would be kept in the open at dispersal around the airfield. The ground staff worked there and had small shelter huts for the gear etc.
If a pilot wanted to air-test his aircraft he would do it early, so that any faults could be rectified.
Perhaps the fitter would go up too. The fuel tanker may be waiting to top up. Some of the fuel tankers were driven by the WAAF.
A general briefing may be at 13.30pm and would be attended by all crews flying, heads of Crew members, Commanding Officers, Meteorologist Officer (quite often a civilian), Intelligence Officer to advice of the enemy defences, guns and fighter aircraft.
Aircrew on operations were sent on leave for a week, every 6 weeks, and this continued after a tour of operations. Ground staff was only granted leave every twelve weeks.
Lancaster bombers had a fuel load of 2154 Imperial Gallons of 100% Octane petrol. They had 3 tanks in each wing. Fuel consumption was up to 1/2 gallon a minute.
The ground staff for a Lancaster would consist of:
2 Engine fitters, 2 Airframe fitters (for moving parts, wheels etc. Armourers for hydraulics and ammunition. Then in a group, Bomb Loaders, Navigation aids GEE H2S, Instrument Makers, Parachute packers and folders. Transport around airfield was by truck and bus also push bike.
If there had no been night flying, the previous night all our crews assembled at the flight office at Squadron Headquarters. The Pilots would go to their Flight Commanders, the Navigators would go to their Flight Navigators, they would be given something to do or be lectured. Similarly the wireless operators and bombardiers went to their leader’s office.
The message may be received, say, 9am or later, as to whether we would be operating. This Would come from the Commanders of Group Headquarters using dedicated phones. Afterwards Security would disconnect the public phones, as they would monitor all outgoing phone calls made from High Wycombe Bomber Command.
The Flight Sergeant in charge of services would be asked if aircraft would be available (i.e. serviceable).
By this time the target may not be divulged but the petrol load and bomb load would be. If the fuel load was 2154 gallons of 100 octane, it meant a long flight (eg: Berlin). The aircraft would stand at 3/4 full.
The fitters E (engine) would be run the engines and test. Fitters A (airframe) would be check all moving parts etc. The armourer would check ammunition etc, and as they were sorted and loaded on the trolley and aircraft.
By then it would be lunch time and Pilots and Navigators would assemble and be told the target. By now the Adjutant clerk to the Wing Commander would have the Battle Order printed and posted on the notice board.
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After lunch final arrangements would be made, aircrew meals at the Sergeants Mess times would be set.
Bomber Command specify the bomb load eg: size of the bombs and mixture including incendiaries. These were packed in canisters and held in by a bar of iron, that were released, allowing 4 1/2 pound bombs go, but the canisters came back.
Depending on the distance to be travelled for the night, it dictated the petrol load. A full load was 2154 gallons about 7 tons of 100 octane petrol.
If the aircraft sustained engine failure before the target, the operation, if over Germany, the bombs would be dropped if a target could be found and the operation would be aborted. A
Lancaster could fly unloaded on two engines but would gradually lose height.
There was specially constructed airstrip near the coast of East Anglia, to allow damaged aircraft to get down. It was of tarmac about 3 miles long a quarter mile wide. On hearing a radio call of “Mayday” or “SOS” a row of searchlights on each side would light up to cone or tunnel for the aircraft to pass under.
Our aircraft number was ME615. The letter may have significance to the factory where it was built.
The first aircraft to come to 463 Squadron came from the Jaguar Factory at Coventry.
Jaguar had their own airfield.
27/12/43, we were sent on a cross country training flight for 4 hours 10 minutes.
All new pilots had to do a “second dicky” to learn how an experienced crew went about their duties during an operation and listen to commentary. It was a quick course for a pilot to see how an operation progressed.
2/1/44 we were sent on our first operation to Berlin. However we had to abort over Holland due to glazed icing on the wings at 12,000 feet. This meant we could not climb to the desired height of 20,000 feet. This difficulty meant that we used fuel at a greater rate and may not get back from Berlin. I, as the experienced crew person, suggested we drop the bomb load, unarmed (safe) and return to base after 3 hours 55 minutes.
7/1/44 we were sent on a “bullseye”, consisting of a day flight to a target in the Irish Sea. It is a small rocky outcrop. This took 8 hours 15 minutes.
13/1/44 we did a test flight with the Flight Commander, Squadron Leader W Brill for 40 minutes.
On these flights the Navigator and Bombardier did not take part.
14/1/44 we went to Brunswick our first successful operation, for 5 hours 37 minutes.
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17/1/44 we did some day ground firing over The Wash for 53 minutes.
21/1/44 we went on operation to Magdeburg for 6 hours.
27/1/44 at 17.47pm we took longer on operation to Berlin for 8 hours and 55 minutes.
Joe Freeman had been commissioned as a Pilot Officer.
28/1/44 at 00.16am we took our own aircraft, T for TARE, on operation to Berlin. On approaching the target a German night fighter came close and the rear gunner shot it down. It was a Focke Wolfe 190.
30/1/44 we went to Berlin, taking off 17.19 hours and lasted 6.33 hours.
15/2/44 to Berlin, taking off 17.30 hours and arrived back at base after 6.58 hours, in our own aircraft JOT number ME615.
19/2/44 To Leipzig taking off at 23.54 hours. Landed after 7.01 hours being 6.05 hours on 20/2/44.
20/2/44 to Stuttgart, taking off 23.57 hours landed after 7.21 hours airborne 7.18 hours.
24/2/44 took off for Schweinfurt, but port inner engine was failing, returned on 3 engines after dropping bomb load. Airborne for 5 hours.
25/2/44 taking off in JOK ME614 for Augsburg, airborne from 21.30 hours for 7.25 hours.
1/3/44 in our aircraft, JOT ME 615, taking off at 23.29 hours for Stuttgart for 8.15 hours.
Then Flying Officer Brooker went on a Gunnery Leaders Course at Catfoss.
8/5/44 in JOT 615, rejoined my crew whom had a stand in during my absence. Taking off at 22.15 hours for Brest Airfield, airborne for 5.04 hours.
10/5/44 taking off at 22.16 hours for Lille Railways yards etc. For 2.39 hours. The bomb load would have been heavier and fuel load reduced. No block busters.
11/5/44 take off at 22.23 for Bourg Leopold for 3.37 hours.
Crew then went on 6 days leave.
18/5/44 taking off at 22.40 hours to St Martin’s for a trip of 3.24 hours.
31/5/44 taking off at 00.23 hours to Saumur marshalling yards. Airborne for 5.10 hours. On 1/6/44, however, we received an order to return with another bomb load.
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3/6/44 taking off at 12.55 hours for Cherbourg wireless installations for 3.34 hours duration.
6/6/44 D Day. Taking off in JO’L M130, for Pierre Du Mont, airborne for 4.29 hours. A gun emplacement near the coast.
8/6/44 to Rennes railway yards, airborne for 6.34 hours. Had to land away at Acklington and
10/6/44 returned back to Waddington base.
10/6/44 took off at 21.58 hours to attack Orleans railway yards. These were to retard Germany taking up positions in Normandy, also to prevent attack where French citizens would be in fairly large numbers.
Night operational flying time was 289.20 hours.
The Australian members of the crew were decorated:
PILOT: G FREEMAN D.F.C.
BOMB AIRMAN: G FLANAGAN D.F.C.
AIR GUNNER: W BROOKER D.F.C. and M.I.D.
NAVIGATOR: L WILSON M.I.D.
WIRELESS OPERATOR: J BULMER M.I.D.
AIR GUNNER: J FIRTH M.I.D.
Written by W. K. Brooker, Flight Lieutenant, De Mob
Typed by Rhonda Copper
5
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Procedures and Life of an Air Gunner with a Lancaster Squadron
Prodecures [sic] and Life of an Air Gunner with a Lancaster Squadron
Description
An account of the resource
William Brooker's service. His crew was transferred from Swinderby Heavy Conversion Unit to 463 Squadron at RAF Waddington.
He names the crew and describes their roles, including the ground crews, details the activities before an operation, and lists his operations he was involved in.
This item was provided, in digital form, by a third-party organisation which used technical specifications and operational protocols that may differ from those used by the IBCC Digital Archive.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WH Brooker
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Five typed sheets
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Memoir
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
MBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]-180402-04
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Royal Australian Air Force
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Australia
New South Wales--Orange
Victoria--Geelong
New South Wales--Harden
Victoria
New South Wales--Lismore
South Australia--Adelaide
Great Britain
England--Newcastle upon Tyne
England--High Wycombe
France--Lorient
Germany--Berlin
Germany--Magdeburg
Germany--Leipzig
Germany--Stuttgart
Germany--Schweinfurt
Germany--Augsburg
France--Brest
Belgium--Leopoldsburg
France--Saumur
France--Cherbourg
France--Rennes
France--Orléans
Germany--Braunschweig
Victoria
France
New South Wales
South Australia
Germany
Belgium
Germany--Ruhr (Region)
England--Buckinghamshire
France--Saint-Nazaire
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1944
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Georgie Donaldson
463 Squadron
467 Squadron
50 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
bomb aimer
bombing
Distinguished Flying Cross
fitter airframe
fitter engine
flight engineer
fuelling
Fw 190
Gee
ground crew
ground personnel
H2S
Harris, Arthur Travers (1892-1984)
Heavy Conversion Unit
incendiary device
Lancaster
meteorological officer
mine laying
navigator
pilot
RAF Bottesford
RAF Skellingthorpe
RAF Swinderby
RAF Waddington
training
wireless operator
Women’s Auxiliary Air Force
-
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https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17686/PBrookerWH1808.2.jpg
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https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17686/MBrookerWH[Ser -DoB]-180402-03.jpg
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[photograph]
[signature]
[page break]
To Gladys Bill & [missing word]
From Doris and Jim with our [missing word]
Let us know when you get these photos. I hope [missing word] all still in the best of health. write and let me know if you have had the wedding cake yet.
[page break]
Wedding photo of Jim & Doris Miller c.1947-8.
from left: Jim's sister, Delia Miller with husband, Dennis Lavender.
Centre: the bride and groom.
left [sic] brother Dennis Miller and his wife
Jim was shot down over Germany and interned for the duration of wwII
He brought the NAZI flag home to [deleted] La [/deleted] Southport, Lanc’s.
My mother, Gladys Brooker nee Miller, brought the flag to Australia. She was a war bride. “Brian” – mentioned O/L, was her son, born before the war, and before she met my father.
Ann March 2018.
Brookfield.
“Mountain” appears to be a memento of my Unlce Jim’s, regiment and perhaps the campaign that saw his capture.
My mother must have kept it as a [deleted] memls [/deleted] momento [sic].
I know my uncle was captured fairly early in the war.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jim and Doris Miller's Wedding
Description
An account of the resource
Six members of the bridal group identified in a handwritten note. 'Wedding photo of Jim & Doris Miller c1947-8
from left Jim's sister, Delia Miller with husband, Dennis Lavender
Centre; the bride and groom
left brother Dennis Miller and his wife'.
On the reverse -
'To Gladys Bill & [obscured]
From Doris and Jim with our love
Let us know when you get these photos. I hope you're all still in the best of health. write and let me know if you have had the wedding cake yet.'
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One b/w photograph and a handwritten note
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PBrookerWH1807,
PBrookerWH1808,
MBrookerWH[Ser#-DoB]-180402-03
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Baldwin
love and romance
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17694/PBrookerWH1801.1.jpg
cc0d5e8ae460a42f788540fa60d8cfa8
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17694/PBrookerWH1802.1.jpg
9cdda6d11d8093497395d4b8f654e5a3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nazi flag
Description
An account of the resource
A Nazi flag with a black swastika in a while circle with a red background.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One flag
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Physical object
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PBrookerWH1801,
PBrookerWH1802
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Wehrmacht
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17696/PBrookerWH1803.2.jpg
8acb5f763e03d9a73c5651e715cd0024
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
STAFF OFFICERS
LICHFIELD
[R.A.F. crest]
ROYAL AIR FORCE
OCTOBER, 1944
[photograph]
Photo by WAKEFIELDS, EALING, LONDON, W.5.
Back Row: P/O. R.B. Stirling, P/O. R.B. Patch, P/O. T.W. Mortimer, P/O. B.W. FitzGerald, F/O. J.R.F. Howell, D.F.C., F/O. A. Neall, P/O. J.E. Williamson, P/O. J.G. Griffiths, D.F.C., F/O. R.F. Anderson, D.F.M., F/O. U.W. Kelleher, P/O. W.G. Smith, D.F.M., F/O. J.W. Scott, D.F.C., P/O. M.A. Rodgers, P/O. A.J. Jordan, F/O. W.A.C. Irwin, D.F.C., F/O. C. Rountree, D.F.C., F/O. L.L. Wilson, F/O. J.H. Frith, F/O. R. Marks, D.F.C., F/O. D.R. Courage, D.F.C., F/O. J.H. Brooker, D.F.C., P/O. R. Harding, F/O. W.G. Rate, P/O. T.A. Rowe, F/O. M.L. Hubbard, F/O. C.G. Reilly, F/O. P. McNeill, F/O. C.G. Roberton, D.F.C., F/O. V.F.M. Carr, D.F.C.
Fourth Row: F/O. J.C. Fraser, F/O. T.W. Anthoney, P/O. A. Stark, F/O. T.J. Foster, F/O. C.J. McDonall, P/O. J.A. Patterson, F/O. R.W. Jew, D.F.C., P/O. C.C. Booth, P/O. T. Morris, P/O. M. Sutherland, D.F.M., F/O. W.A. Chisholme, F/O. D.J. Stewart, F/O. G.E. Duncan, F/O. R.F. Anderson, D.F.C., F/O. P.V. Withers, D.F.C., F/O. I.E. Goss, F/O. J.P. Quane, P/O. L.T. Jenkins, F/Lt. M.A. Lacayo, P/O. A. Richardson, D.F.C., F/Lt. A.E. Garrod, F/Lt. E.J. Bunting, P/O. W. MacDonald, P/O. G. Yates, F/O. F. Rooke, F/O. J.T. Terrance, D.F.C., P/O. A.L. Cohen, D.F.C., P/O. N.L. Dalby, P/O. L.R. Seton, P/O. P.J. Scott.
Third Row: P/O. C.G. Thurecht, F/O. P.H. Morris, F/O. A. Camps, F/O. H.R. Mahon, D.F.C., F/O. F. Wootton, F/O. E.T. Lewis, F/O. G.A. Laskey, F/O. J.D. Murtha, F/O. J.J. Allen, D.F.C., F/O. J.E. Kinlay, F/O. G.J. Brown, P/O. G.M. Burcher, D.F.C., D.F.M., F/O. M.G. Datson, F/O. R. Goldman, F/O. G. Otho-Briggs, F/O. J.T. Burn, F/O. R.H. Espley, B.E.M., F/O. T.W.A. Yarrenton, F/O. S.E. Leetch, F/O. J.E. Doughty, F/O. A.R.T. Boys, D.F.C., F/O. P. Maxwell, D.F.C., F/O. E.R. Belbin, D.F.C., F/O. W. Bremner, F/O. I.H. Paul, P/O. J.V. Cannon, D.F.C., P/O. J.J. Bewes, P/O. L.C. Rosewarne, P/O. E.G. Starr.
Second Row: P/O. J.C. Bailey, F/O. J.J. Lynch, F/O. W.M. Mitchell, D.F.C., D.F.M., F/O. W. Street, D.F.C., F/Lt. F.G. Cracknell, D.F.C., F/Lt. D.W.T. Gibbin, D.F.C., F/Lt. R.P. Ramsay, D.F.C., F/Lt. J. Wheelens, F/Lt. L.J. Dyke, F/Lt. E.R. Stevens, F/Lt. R. Barrett, F/Lt. A.B. Craig, D.F.C., F/Lt. H.A. Cohen, S/O. J. Reid, A/S/O. H.J. Pawson, F/O. M.A. Cook, S/O. E. Henderson, M.M., S/O. M.J. Murray, S/O. E.M. Moneypenny, S/O. K.M. Gurney, F/Lt. G. Jury, F/Lt. J.K. Cheatle, F/Lt. H.D. Ingram, F/Lt. W.H. Holmes, F/Lt. L. Rae, F/Lt. A.H. Page, F/Lt. J.B. Haywood, F/Lt. W. Elliott, F/Lt. J. Green, M.B.E., F/Lt. P.I. Howard-Williams, D.F.C., F/Lt. R.H.A. Williams, F/O. G.G. Williams, F/O. F. Knowles.
Front Row: F/Lt. F. Laurence, D.F.M., F/Lt. J.H. Cameron, D.F.C., F/Lt. P.C. Ramachandran, F/Lt. R.M. Hetherington, D.F.C., F/Lt. W. Ellis, D.F.M., S/Ldr. R. Wilkinson, S/Ldr. Rev. M.J. O’Mahony, S/Ldr. J.E. Pike, S/Ldr. H.H. Foster, D.F.C., S/Ldr. W.G. Evans, S/Ldr. S. Rogers, W/Cdr. R.L. Palmer, A.F.C., W/Cdr. A. Doubleday, D.S.O., D.F.C., F/Lt. N. Barratt, Group Captain E. Burton, W/Cdr. R.W. Edwards, S/Ldr. A.J. Bridge, S/Ldr. H.V. James, S/Ldr. K. McIntyre, D.F.C., S/Ldr. J.J. Lewis, D.F.M., S/Ldr. F.D. Davidson, M.C. S/Ldr. D.Y. Douglas, S/Ldr. Rev. E.W. Batterham, F/Lt. H.L. Pleydell, F/Lt. R. Beckett, F/Lt. W. Burdett, F/Lt. E.F. Lawson, F/Lt. R. Hughes, F/Lt. L.C. Guthrie.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Staff Officers Royal Air Force Lichfield October 1944
Description
An account of the resource
Large group of airmen arranged in five rows in front of a Wellington 'N'. The background is dark. Underneath is captioned the names of each airman.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1944-10
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One b/w photograph
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PBrookerWH1803
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Staffordshire
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1944-10
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Baldwin
aircrew
RAF Lichfield
training
Wellington
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1272/17698/PBrookerWH1810.2.jpg
ec13de75b580176ab4796dcbe773a73c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Brooker, William Harry
W H Brooker
Miller James
J Miller
Description
An account of the resource
11 items. The collection concerns brothers in law James Miller (b. 1919) and
William Harry Brooker (b.1920). It contains propaganda leaflets, two photographs, a NSDAP Car flag, documents and a memoir.
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Brookfield and catalogued by Barry Hunter.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-04-02
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Brooker, WH-Miller, J
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Joe Freeman and his Chicks
Description
An account of the resource
Seven airmen standing in front of a brick building. Joe was the William Harris' pilot. The image is captioned 'Joe Freeman and his Chicks'.
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One b/w photograph
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Photograph
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
PBrookerWH1810
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
aircrew