IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> 1944-11]]> William Cross]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sue Smith]]> eng]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Azerbaijan]]> Azerbaijan--Baku]]> Egypt]]> Egypt--Cairo]]> Italy]]> Italy--Brindisi]]> Iraq]]> Iraq--Baghdad]]> Iran]]> Malta]]> Poland]]> Poland--Warsaw]]> Russia (Federation)]]> Russia (Federation)--Moscow]]> Russia (Federation)--Volgograd]]> Syria]]> Syria--Damascus]]> Ukraine]]> Ukraine--Novohrad-Volynsʹkyĭ]]> Ukraine--Poltava]]> North Africa]]> Italy--Sardinia]]> Iran--Tehran]]> 1944-08]]> 1944-09]]> 1944-10]]> 1944-11]]> News Chronicle]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Text]]> 1944-11]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Civilian]]> France]]> France--Vitry-en-Artois]]> 1944-11]]> Second individual standing by end of a shed, airfield and B-25 in background, captioned 'Gary'.
Third is of four aircrew standing, airfield and B 25 in background, captioned 'Reg, S/L Edwards, Dicky, Taffy'.
Fourth is of individual standing by the end of a shed, captioned 'Myself'.]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> France]]> France--Vitry-en-Artois]]> 1944-11]]>

In accordance with the conditions stipulated by the donor, this item is available only at the University of Lincoln.]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> eng]]> Text]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> France]]> Germany]]> Great Britain]]> Norway]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> France--Boulogne-sur-Mer]]> France--Creil]]> France--Juvisy-sur-Orge]]> France--L'Isle-Adam]]> France--Mimoyecques]]> France--Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais)]]> France--Soligny-la-Trappe]]> France--Watten]]> Germany--Braunschweig]]> Germany--Dortmund-Ems Canal]]> Germany--Düren (Cologne)]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Germany--Homberg (Kassel)]]> Germany--Hörstel]]> Germany--Ladbergen]]> Germany--Mittelland Canal]]> Germany--Munich]]> Norway--Tromsø]]> Norway--Trondheim]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1944-10]]> 1944-11]]>
On the reverse -
'Tholthorpe
Nov 44
MZ454 KW-S in background
LL596 KW-U in foreground
425 Sqn'.]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> PCothliffKB17030020]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Canadian Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> 1944-11]]>
Great Britain. Red Cross and St John war organisation]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Roger Dunsford]]> eng]]> Text]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Navy]]> British Army]]> Poland]]> Poland--Łambinowice]]> 1944-11]]> T J and P W Jones]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Steve Baldwin]]> Pending review]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Text. Personal research]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Air Force. Transport Command]]> Royal Australian Air Force]]> Royal New Zealand Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Suffolk]]> England--Lancashire]]> England--Bedfordshire]]> Wales--Vale of Glamorgan]]> England--Shropshire]]> England--Suffolk]]> Atlantic Ocean--Skagerrak]]> Germany]]> Germany--Kassel]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Ludwigshafen am Rhein]]> Germany--Schweinfurt]]> England--Huntingdonshire]]> Germany--Dortmund]]> France]]> France--Rennes]]> Germany--Aachen]]> France--Lille]]> Germany--Duisburg]]> France--Amiens]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Germany--Kiel]]> Germany--Stuttgart]]> Germany--Emden (Lower Saxony)]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> Atlantic Ocean--Baltic Sea]]> France--Le Havre]]> Germany--Hannover]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1942-09]]> 1942-09-17]]> 1943-04]]> 1943-07]]> 1943-08-29]]> 1943-11]]> 1944-09-10]]> 1944-11]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Great Britain]]> Germany--Homberg (Kassel)]]> 1944-11]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> France--Abbeville]]> Netherlands--Eindhoven]]> France--Le Havre]]> Germany--Dortmund]]> Germany--Emmerich]]> Germany--Duisburg]]> Germany--Bonn]]> Germany--Stuttgart]]> Netherlands--Vlissingen]]> Germany--Essen]]> Germany--Solingen]]> Germany--Koblenz]]> Germany--Gelsenkirchen]]> Germany--Cologne]]> Germany--Osterfeld]]> Germany--Oberhausen (Düsseldorf)]]> Germany--Merseburg]]> Germany--Frankfurt am Main]]> Germany--Saarbrücken]]> Germany--Homberg (Kassel)]]> Poland--Szczecin]]> Germany--Hamm (North Rhine-Westphalia)]]> Netherlands--Walcheren]]> Poland]]> France]]> Germany]]> Netherlands]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> Atlantic Ocean--Kattegat (Baltic Sea)]]> 1944-08]]> 1944-09]]> 1944-10]]> 1944-11]]> 1944-12]]> On the reverse each man is identified.]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Alan Brammer]]> Chris Cann]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> 1944-11]]> From information kindly provided by the donor. 'Andrewartha crew In snow . Blurred.']]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> 1944-11]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sue Smith]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Personal research]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Nottinghamshire]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> 1943-05]]> 1943-06]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-11]]> 1945-03]]> 1945-04]]> 1945-10]]> Photos 1 and 2 are a sunset, captioned 'St Lawrence River at Levis November 1944' and 'Quebec Sunset'.
Photo 3 is a pilot in the cockpit of an aircraft, captioned 'Saskatoon to Dauphin October 1944, Charlie Warner driving'.
Photo 4 is a house with two people standing outside, captioned 'Brooklyn, NY November 1944. A few late arrivals. Mrs and Ritchie Boatke'.]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Canada]]> Québec--Lévis]]> Saskatchewan--Saskatoon]]> United States]]> New York (State)--New York]]> New York (State)]]> Québec]]> Saskatchewan]]> North America--Saint Lawrence River]]> 1944-10]]> 1944-11]]>

The first article, "The Foreign Policy of the U.S.A.", is written by U.S. Minister of the Foreign Affairs Cordell Hull. It deals with the foreign policy of the United States stressing that the might of the Allies has increased during the war. While it is necessary to totally defeat the enemies, all the allied nations should make their best efforts for the success of democracy in the aftermath. The creation of an international organization to prevent further aggression is also on the cards.

The second article, "The spirit of freedom" is authored by the American judicial philosopher Learned Hand, who elaborates on meaning of the word "freedom". Taken from a speech delivered to 150.000 new U.S. citizens, it discusses the "spirit of freedom": it is better felt than described, is a matter involving everyone, and should be unselfish.

The third article is written by Chu Hsueh-Fan, president of the Chinese Federation of Labour. Titled “The brave Chinese people" it celebrates the efforts made by the Federation and the Chinese workers since 1937 – they moved as many tools and machinery as possible as to rebuild factories away from the territories controlled by the Japanese invaders. Examples include Lee Paoking, who allegedly walked 3520 miles in 388 days, and the construction of a heavily defended airport that involved the labour of 500.000 workers.

The fourth article, by Louis Dolivet, claims that only the United Nations and the free market are the solution to the devastation caused by the Nazi war. "The new Europe will be stronger" - the title says - thanks to increased solidarity towards the persecuted. The new Europe is going to be democratic, inspired by the democracy of undercover Resistance movements.

The fifth article, by Louis H. Pink, is taken from the July 1944 issue of the magazine "The Annals of the American Academy". Titled "For a planned work" it deals with the necessity to avoid selfish economic competition that would lead to another war. It argues for considering the world as a single economy, a space where people could live in happiness and safety. The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Financial Stability Facility of the United Nations are cited as positive examples. The Permanent Council of the United Nations is going to make an economic plan of the world, as to increase mutual help between the "civilized nations".

The sixth article, titled "Which peace we should get", bears the signature of the former director of the London Times and illustrates the main principles upon which the upcoming world is going to be based. The Atlantic Charter (1941) is cited for the intent to forsake to the deployment of force, but only after having disarmed the Germans, who are deemed temporarily incapable of behaving peacefully. Other Anglo-American principles to be understood on the basis of the Charter are the inalterability of national boundaries, the right to democracy, but also the need for making territorial adjustments as to prevent further German aggression. The latter is especially needed for East Prussia. The article closes by acknowledging the Declaration from the Conference of Teheran (1943), and its statements about the United Nations working for a long-lasting peace.

The seventh article, uncredited, is titled "The U.N.R.R.A. and its tasks". It summarizes the history of the organization starting from the initial outline devised by the Minister of the Foreign Affairs of the U.S. and the governments of China, Russia and Great Britain that was sent to the 44 United Nations. The United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration was founded in Atlantic City (New Jersey) on November 9th 1944, followed by a 3-week conference. Jan Masaryk is quoted saying that the UNRRA was the most important step towards a long-lasting democratic peace. The article continues describing the functioning of the UNRRA: its governing body made of the 44 national delegates and a Central committee that takes the lead between the quarterly meetings of the delegates. It also mentions two more boards: the European committee in London and the East Asian committee also temporarily headquartered there. The conclusion underlines the historical importance of the contribution of the organization with its financial statement of 2/2.5 billion of 1943 U.S. dollars directed towards the relief of the peoples liberated during the war without expecting a repayment from the poorer nations. Tasks are food and commodities supply, with an increasing focus "to help every United nation to help itself".

The eight part of the magazine is the news section. Concerns for the health of 20.000.000 homeless refugees and the effort of the UNRRA to send medical personnel; the bombing of Germany by the allied air forces (15.000 tons of bombs in a month) being compared with the bombing of London in 1940 (10.000 tons per month); the Indian Army strength of 2.000.000 soldiers and 11.000 officers; Third and Seventh U.S. fleet sank 3 Japanese fleets with 58 ships on October 23th 1944; employment in war factories is one of out of three for a total 33 million of British workers; damage caused by the Nazi bombings to 1.2 million British households; the percentage (15%) of female workers in U.S. shipyards; experienced Peruvian and Panama farmers studying new techniques in the U.S. to be applied in Central and South America; liberation of Paris and the restored access to The International Bureau of Weights and Measures.
]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> Mirko Galasso]]> hrv]]> srp]]> Text]]> MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100002,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100003,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100004,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100005,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100006,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100007,
MNealeETH1395951-150731-0100008]]>
Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> United States Army Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> United States]]> China]]> India]]> France]]> France--Paris]]> Germany]]> 1944-11]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Wiltshire]]> 1944-11]]> P J Hogan]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Peter Bradbury]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Australian Air Force]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Staffordshire]]> England--Lichfield]]> England--Derbyshire]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Germany]]> Germany--Mainz (Rhineland-Palatinate)]]> England--Selby]]> Germany--Dortmund-Ems Canal]]> Germany--Kamen]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1944-11]]> 1980-10-12]]> 1980-11-02]]> 1944-07]]> 1945-01]]> 1945-02-01]]> 1945-02-20]]> 1945-03-03]]> 1945-03-04]]>
Pasted caption reads “Novembre 1944. (3) ….segundo i piani prestabiliti i partigiani attaccano in posizione altistante il posto di blocco costringendo il presidio a rintanarsi nella baracca portandovi seco anche la bicicletta sequestrata….”

Caption translates as: “November 1944. (3) … Executing prearranged plans, the partisans attack the check-point from above, forcing the garrison to hide into the hut, taking with them the previously confiscated bicycle…”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> Filiputti, Angiolino. Partisans attack a German checkpoint using an improvised explosive device]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-11]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> Steve Baldwin]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1943-05-16]]> 1943-05-17]]> 1943-05-18]]> 1944-11]]>
Caption reads “107” and “Novembre 1944. (1) L’inverno si avvicina a grandi passi e necessitano i rifornimenti in viveri armi e munizioni per i patrioti dei monti, ma i passaggi obbligati sono bloccati dai posti di controllo nazi-fascisti la situazione per i garibaldini si fa oltremodo grave. Nino, al secolo Zanninello Nino da S. Giorgio Di Nogaro, ordisce un’audace quanto ingegnosa beffa da giocare a uno di questi posti di blocco, siamo nella zona goriziana, Nino con la collaborazione di alcuni compagni, eseguisce con cautela il ripieno del telaio di una bicicletta, con una buona dose di tritolo, applicando sotto la sella un detonatore a scoppio ritardato…….”

Caption translates as: “November 1944. (1) The winter was approaching quickly and the patriots on the mountains needed food, weapons, and ammunitions. However, the choke point were controlled by Nazi-Fascists guard posts. The situation worsened for the Garibaldi mens. Nino, also known as Zanninello Nino from San Giorgio di Nogaro, conceived a bold and clever mockery against one of the checkpoints in the Gorizia area. Nino, helped by some of his companions, carefully stuffed the bicycle frame with a good amount of TNT. Under the seat, a timer was attached…”]]>
Angiolino Filiputti]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Francesca Campani]]> Alessandro Pesaro]]> Helen Durham]]> Giulia Banti]]> Maureen Clarke]]> Filiputti, Angiolino. Partisans attack a German checkpoint using an improvised explosive device]]> ita]]> Artwork]]> Alps]]> Italy--Friuli]]> Italy]]> 1944-11]]>
Page 34:
Photo 1 and 3 are views of a skyscraper captioned 'Empire State Building'
Photo 2 is a street scene, captioned 125th and 5th Ave Harlem'.
Photo 4 is buildings, captioned 'Grand Central Station'.
Page 35:
Photo 5 is a policeman, captioned 'Cop on Madison Square'.
Photo 6 is the bottom of a skyscraper, captioned 'Empire State in cloud'.
Photo 7 is a skyscraper, captioned 'Empire State on 5th Ave'.
Photo 8 is a large building captioned 'Cornell Medical Centre'.
Page 36:
Photo 9 is a street scene, captioned 'Times Square on Broadway'.
Photo 10 is a large building captioned 'Paramount Building'.
Photo 11 and 12 are Doug Foreman and Ron Jones, captioned 'Doug Foreman and Ron Jones in Washington Square'.
Page 37:
Photo 13 is a skyscraper, captioned 'RCA Building Rockefeller Centre'. [Two photographs put together to include the tower]
Photo 14 and 15 are the elevated railway captioned '3rd Ave "El" on 42nd St'.
Photo 16 is the elevated railway, captioned 'Canal St "El" Bowery'.
Page 38:
Photo 17, 18 and 19 are a skyscraper captioned 'The Chrysler Building from Lexington Avenue'.
Photo 20 is the Chrysler building at night, captioned '- and dimmed out'.
Page 39:
Photo 21 is a large building, captioned 'Waldorf Astoria Hotel'.
Photo 22 is a street scene, captioned '5th Ave and Central Park'.
Photo 23 and 24 are a large building captioned 'Waldorf Astoria from Park Avenue and 47th St. E'.
Page 40:
Photo 25 is a small skyscraper, captioned 'Flat Iron Building, Times Square'.
Photo 26 is a street scene, captioned 'Madison Avenue'.
Photo 27 is a large building, captioned 'Rockefeller Centre Radio City'.
Page 41:
Photo 28 is a street scene, captioned '5th Ave and 40th St, near the foot of the Empire State'.
Photo 29 is a monument, captioned 'Victory Arch, Washington Square in Greenwich Village'.
Photo 30 is a seascape, captioned 'Port of the Bay of Fundy Nova Scotia 1944'.

]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> PHopgoodPD16010041,
PHopgoodPD16010042,
PHopgoodPD16010043,
PHopgoodPD16010044,
PHopgoodPD16010045,
PHopgoodPD16010046,
PHopgoodPD16010047]]>
Civilian]]> United States]]> New York (State)--New York]]> Canada]]> Nova Scotia]]> New York (State)]]> 1944-11]]>
Joan Layne]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sam Harper-Coulson]]> Steve Baldwin]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Grantham]]> 1944-11]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> David Bloomfield]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--London]]> England--Essex]]> England--London]]> 1944-11]]> 1944-01-29]]> Jack Darby]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Correspondence]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--London]]> England--Nottinghamshire]]> England--Newark (Nottinghamshire)]]> 1944-11]]>