On the reverse each man has signed his name. There is an annotation '21 Initial Training Wing Bridlington Yorkshire January 1st- February 11th 1944'.]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Sue Smith]]> eng]]> Photograph]]> PSnowballMG21010010]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> England--Bridlington]]> 1944-02]]> M Brook]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> David Bloomfield]]> Pending review]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Photograph]]> Civilian]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Cambridge]]> England--London]]> Canada]]> New Brunswick--Moncton]]> Ontario--London]]> England--Cumbria]]> England--Leicestershire]]> England--Herefordshire]]> England--Hereford]]> Germany]]> Germany--Hannover]]> Germany--Nuremberg]]> Germany--Hanau]]> Germany--Bremen]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Germany--Nordhausen (Thuringia)]]> Germany--Plauen]]> Germany--Kiel]]> Germany--Potsdam]]> Germany--Berchtesgaden]]> Netherlands]]> Netherlands--Hague]]> Ontario]]> New Brunswick]]> 1943-10-01]]> 1940]]> 1941-10]]> 1942-07]]> 1942-10]]> 1943]]> 1944-02]]> 1945-03-15]]> 1945-03-16]]> 1945-03-18]]> 1945-03-22]]> 1945-03-25]]> 1945-03-31]]> 1945-04-03]]> 1945-04-09]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Service material]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> 1944-02]]>
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David Geach]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Tricia Marshall]]> David Bloomfield]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Diary]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> Scotland--Greenock]]> Scotland--Glasgow]]> Scotland--Edinburgh]]> England--Harrogate]]> England--Whitley Bay]]> England--Bournemouth]]> England--Stourbridge]]> England--Birmingham]]> England--Wolverhampton]]> England--Stafford]]> Canada]]> Ontario--Ottawa]]> Atlantic Ocean--Cardigan Bay]]> Wales--Rhyl]]> England--The Wash]]> England--Nottingham]]> Great Britain Miscellaneous Island Dependencies--Isle of Man]]> England--Cannock]]> Wales--Aberystwyth]]> Scotland--Orkney]]> France--Saint-Malo]]> France--Rennes]]> France--Isigny-sur-Mer]]> France--Cherbourg]]> France--Avranches]]> England--Southampton]]> England--Stamford]]> England--Cambridge]]> England--Peterborough]]> England--Bedford]]> England--Portsmouth]]> Netherlands--Friesland]]> England--Cromer]]> France--La Rochelle]]> France--Gironde Estuary]]> France--Nantes]]> England--King's Lynn]]> Italy--Turin]]> North Africa]]> Gibraltar]]> England--Thames River]]> Germany--Ludwigshafen am Rhein]]> Germany--Cologne]]> Germany--Berlin]]> England--Ely]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> Germany--Magdeburg]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Norway]]> Netherlands--Texel]]> Germany--Bremen]]> Denmark]]> Germany--Wilhelmshaven]]> Germany--Brandenburg]]> Germany--Frankfurt am Main]]> Germany--Braunschweig]]> Germany--Hannover]]> England--Sunderland (Tyne and Wear)]]> Poland--Szczecin]]> Poland--Wrocław]]> England--Southend-on-Sea]]> Italy]]> Atlantic Ocean--Firth of Clyde]]> Poland]]> France]]> Ontario]]> Germany]]> Netherlands]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> England--Bedfordshire]]> England--Durham (County)]]> England--Essex]]> England--Hampshire]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Norfolk]]> England--Northumberland]]> England--Sussex]]> England--Staffordshire]]> England--Worcestershire]]> England--Nottinghamshire]]> England--Warwickshire]]> England--Selsey (West Sussex)]]> Wales--Caernarfon]]> 1943-03]]> 1943-04]]> 1943-05]]> 1943-06]]> 1943-07]]> 1943-08]]> 1943-09]]> 1943-10]]> 1943-11]]> 1943-12]]> 1944-01]]> 1944-02]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> Tricia Marshall]]> eng]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> 1944-02]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Log book and record book]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> 1943-07]]> 1943-08]]> 1943-09]]> 1943-10]]> 1943-11]]> 1943-12]]> 1944-01]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-03]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> David Bloomfield]]> Steve Baldwin]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Sunderland (Tyne and Wear)]]> England--Durham (County)]]> 1944-02]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Claire Monk]]> eng]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Germany--Berlin]]> 1944-02]]> London Gazette]]> Tricia Marshall]]> eng]]> Text]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> 1944-03-17]]> 1944-02]]> B J May]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> David Bloomfield]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Canadian Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Somerset]]> Wales--Vale of Glamorgan]]> Germany]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> Germany--Helgoland]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Germany--Münster in Westfalen]]> England--Yorkshire]]> England--Cornwall (County)]]> 1942]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-12]]> 1945-01-02]]> 1945-04-10]]> 1945-03-25]]> 1945-04-08]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Claire Monk]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Log book and record book]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Yorkshire]]> 1944-01]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-03]]>
Top center - crippled bomber lights full on won dog-fight. Account of enemy fighter attack on a bomber, wounding four crew and damaged aircraft. One enemy hit and the other driven off by rear gunner. Pilot P/O James Henry Catlin awarded Distinguished Flying Cross, flight engineer, Sergeant Harry [sic] Wright the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal. The rear gunner and wireless operator were awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal.

Middle Centre - reports actions of Sergeant Hall and Wright.

Bottom Centre- Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (Flying). Further account of action during operation to Leipzig leading to award of CGM.

Right - Dovecourt man gets CGM, saved lives of bomber crew, Tribute to Barry Wright who had now recovered from wounds and gives biographic details and account of action. Includes head and shoulders portrait of Barry Wright.]]>
Daily Mirror]]> Tricia Marshall]]> eng]]> Text]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Civilian]]> Great Britain]]> England--Essex]]> England--Dovercourt]]> England--Hertfordshire]]> England--Ware (Hertfordshire)]]> England--Lancashire]]> England--Up Holland]]> England--Letchworth]]> Germany]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> England--Herefordshire]]> 1944-02]]>
IBCC Digital Archive]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Service material]]> Royal Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> 1944-02]]> Mary Gardner]]> Roger Manuel]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Personal research]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Air Force. Transport Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Devon]]> England--Torquay]]> Wales--Aberystwyth]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Cambridge]]> England--Gloucestershire]]> England--Cirencester]]> Germany]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Poland]]> Poland--Szczecin]]> Germany--Cologne]]> Belgium]]> Belgium--Ostend]]> England--Yorkshire]]> England--Worcestershire]]> France]]> France--Calais]]> Atlantic Ocean--English Channel]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Germany--Essen]]> Libya]]> Libya--Tobruk]]> Germany--Wangerooge Island]]> Wales--Treforest]]> Germany--Magdeburg]]> Czech Republic]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1940-10-17]]> 1940-09-20]]> 1940-11-05]]> 1940-10-28]]> 1941-04-27]]> 1942-04-22]]> 1943-05-15]]> 1943-06]]> 1943-08]]> 1943-09]]> 1943-10]]> 1943-12]]> 1944]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-04]]> 1944-06-10]]> 1944-09]]> 1945-03-18]]> 1945-04-25]]> 1945-10]]> 1954-10]]> Susanne Pescott]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Ian Whapplington]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Australian Air Force]]> Second generation]]> France]]> Great Britain]]> England--Nottinghamshire]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> France--Paris]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-05-07]]> 1944-08]]> There were some delays as Bomber Command had surplus aircrew. He spent some leave through the Lady Ryder Scheme and went to RAF Padgate. He was sent to RAF Fairoaks and witnessed V2 flying bombs before returning to RAF Padgate. Colin was sent to RAF West Freugh and did dead reckoning navigation. His next destination was 27 Operational Training Unit in Lichfield. Colin describes how they crewed up. He was introduced to the Gee radio navigation system and Wellingtons. He went to a Heavy Conversion Unit at RAF Lindholme and encountered Lancasters and H2S.
Colin discusses his impressions of England and his activities. He also outlines how he carried out his role as a navigator.
They transferred to 460 Squadron at RAF Binbrook and started operations in March 1945. Colin describes some of their seven operations, which involved damage to the aircraft on a trip to Saarbrücken; being caught in the searchlights at Potsdam; cancellation mid-route of their trip to Bremen. On 25 April 1945, they flew in the second wave to Berchtesgaden and were hit, losing all but one engine. Some of the crew baled out but the pilot crash-landed the aircraft with the rear gunner because of a missing parachute. Colin was taken to Stalag Luft 7 at Moosburg. They were freed on 29 April 1945 by the American 14th Division, although it took some time to return to England and ultimately Australia.
Colin gives his views on the treatment of Bomber Command and the politics involved.
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Adam Purcell]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Sally Coulter]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Royal Australian Air Force]]> Australia]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Staffordshire]]> England--Surrey]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Scotland--Wigtownshire]]> Germany]]> Germany--Saarbrücken]]> Germany--Potsdam]]> Germany--Berchtesgaden]]> Germany--Moosburg an der Isar]]> Germany--Ingolstadt]]> Poland]]> Poland--Opole (Voivodeship)]]> 1943]]> 1943-03]]> 1944]]> 1944-02]]> 1945-04-25]]> 1945-04-29]]>
Gary Rushbrooke]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Canada]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> Germany--Dortmund-Ems Canal]]> Germany]]> 1940]]> 1941]]> 1943-07-08]]> 1944-02]]> 1945]]> Eric describes his basic training in London and Torbay then recollects his technical training at RAF St. Athan. He then went to 1652 Heavy Conversion Unit at RAF Marston Moor and joined his Halifax crew. In 1944 they were posted to 102 Squadron at RAF Pocklington where there were told that they wouldn't last three weeks.
Eric and his crew carried out a vast range of strategic bombings including daylight operations on V-1 sites, night operations on The Ruhr and Essen, night and daylight operations to oil targets, minelaying in the Baltic. They also provided tactical support in support of Allied troops near Caen and in the Ardennes, where they were badly damaged by a fighter and the mid-upper gunner received serious injuries. After landing at RAF Woodbridge in fog using FIDO he was hospitalised and did not fly again. The crew also supplied petrol to troops in Belgium, enjoying the low-level flying on these trips
Eric describes the sound of shrapnel hitting the aircraft, recalls a bomber exploding in flight, but dismisses the Scarecrow theory. He describes the use of Schräge Musik against the bombers; how search lights in the Ruhr operated, the use of H2S and how the master bomber controlled the rest of the formation.
At the end of his tour Eric remustered and was posted at RAF Jurby as airfield controller. From there he went to RAF Topcliffe and was demobbed in January 1947. Eric went back to the railways for ten years before working in local government. He retired in 1978, moving to Cornwall. While at RAF Pocklington he dated Cora noting that her parents made feel like a son. But he then ended the relationship because, with his own life in such jeopardy, he thought it was unfair on her. After the war he married Ellen, who he had met when starting his first job with the railways.]]>
Chris Brockbank]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Andy Fitter]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--London]]> England--Bedfordshire]]> England--Devon]]> England--Suffolk]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Great Britain Miscellaneous Island Dependencies--Isle of Man]]> Wales]]> Wales--Vale of Glamorgan]]> France]]> France--Ardennes]]> France--Caen]]> France--Pas-de-Calais]]> France--Nieppe Forest]]> Germany]]> Germany--Essen]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> Atlantic Ocean]]> Atlantic Ocean--Baltic Sea]]> Denmark]]> Denmark--Bornholm]]> 1923]]> 1937]]> 1939]]> 1940]]> 1944-01]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-07-25]]> 1944-09]]> 1945]]> 1946-05-25]]> 1947-01-02]]> 1957]]> 1974]]> 1975]]> 1976]]> 1977]]> 1978]]> 1981]]>
Basic training was carried out at Lords Cricket ground in London. One clear memory is helping to carry patients down several flights of stairs from a nearby hospital during an air raid.
Time was spent at RAF Bridlington on Initial Training Wing before attending Air Gunnery School in the Isle of Man. Further training was undertaken at RAF Banbury where he was crewed up on Wellingtons, before moving to the Heavy Conversion Unit at Wratting Common to convert to Stirlings. During his time here he attended an escape course at RAF Feltwell and was instructed in unarmed combat, which he dismissed as pitiful.
He and his crew were posted to RAF Witchford, Cambridgeshire, where he flew his first operation in February 1944 replacing an ill air gunner. He later discovered this was an inexperienced crew. He remembers the target was around Osnabrück in Germany and it was a melee over the target where they were attacked by two Me 109s, which they successfully shook off. On his return, he remembers being unable to sleep and went for a walk into Ely. There he discovered the Oxford Cambridge boat race was being held and watched it
Target areas of Germany included Stuttgart, Frankfurt and Augsburg. On his 5th operation, the aircraft was attacked, and the aircraft lost its heating and communications. He suffered frostbite and spent several months recovering in Ely hospital.
On regaining fitness, he was transferred to RAF Waterbeach and was allocated to a crew led by Ted Cousins. Waterbeach was a pre-war airfield with comfortable facilities. Time off was spent competing in athletics and football along with drinking at the local public houses.
When time allowed, he went home, but found the experience boring: all his friends were serving away, and there was little to do except drink or go to the cinema. His elder brother was serving as a navigator in the Far East, and he felt it unfair to talk about his experiences with his family.
At RAF Waterbeach there was a greater variety of operations. Targets varied from Germany to Southern France. He also remembers one trip to Poland. This entailed flying over Denmark and they could see the lights from Sweden and anti-aircraft fire.
He has a clear memory of most of his operations but does not wish to dwell on some. On one occasion he spotted a Me 109, he tried to warn the pilot but his intercom had frozen and emergency light was inoperative. He tried to open fire but his guns jammed – the night fighter opened fire and hit the centre of the aircraft. The aircraft began violently manoeuvring and he wasn’t sure if this was deliberate evasive manoeuvres or if they were out of control. He made his way forward and discovered the aircraft door open and the mid upper gunner missing. There were cannon holes all around the centre of the aircraft. He still wasn’t sure if he was the only one on board until he reached the main cabin and found the rest of the crew in position. They made it back home where they realised an incendiary bullet was lodged in the ammunition pannier.
His last operation was one of the thousand-bomber operations in Germany, the air black with anti-aircraft fire. On his return, the air gunners went sent to the bomb dump to assist the armourers in preparing the bombs for the following days attack which was carried out by the United States Army Air Forces.
After completing his tour of operation, he was posted to RAF Brackla, hoping to be retained as physical training instructor, but ended up at RAF Weeton near Blackpool to be trained as a driver.
He served at several locations across Southern England before his final posting which was with a microfilm unit in Frankfurt. Fraternising with locals was not allowed, but he did manage to learn German. He played in a football match against a much better German select team.
After demob, he returned home and was involved in the manufacturing of cars at the Triumph factory. He married, and because of unrest and strikes in the car industry, he moved to Scotland and was employed at the Carron company in Falkirk as a production director manufacturing steel bars, where his ability to speak German became an advantage in his dealings with foreign companies. He met an ex Luftwaffe pilot and experiences were exchanged - there was no animosity whatsoever and it was accepted they both had been carrying out their duty.
Geoff looks back on his time in Bomber Command with great fondness. It was like a big family. He still has contact with surviving crew members, and still attends reunions.
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Brenda Jones]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Ian Whapplington]]> Peter Schulze]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Wehrmacht. Luftwaffe]]> United States Army Air Force]]> Great Britain]]> England--Cambridgeshire]]> England--Ely]]> England--Lancashire]]> England--London]]> England--Norfolk]]> England--Northamptonshire]]> England--Suffolk]]> England--Yorkshire]]> France]]> Germany]]> Germany--Augsburg]]> Germany--Frankfurt am Main]]> Germany--Stuttgart]]> Denmark]]> Sweden]]> Great Britain Miscellaneous Island Dependencies--Isle of Man]]> Scotland]]> Scotland--Falkirk]]> Scotland--Nairnshire]]> Scotland--Stirlingshire]]> Germany--Osnabrück]]> 1944-02]]>
Patricia Selby]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Anne-Marie Watson]]> Sally Coulter]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Free French Air Force]]> Canada]]> Germany]]> Great Britain]]> United States]]> Atlantic Ocean]]> England--London]]> England--Yorkshire]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Germany--Hamburg]]> Saskatchewan--Saskatoon]]> Scotland--Moray]]> Saskatchewan]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1941-02]]> 1941-07-07]]> 1942-08]]> 1943-02]]> 1943-12]]> 1944-02]]> 1945-07]]> David Kavanagh]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Nick Cornwell-Smith]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Boston]]> England--Lincoln]]> Russia (Federation)]]> Russia (Federation)--Kaliningrad (Kaliningradskai︠a︡ oblastʹ)]]> England--The Wash]]> Germany]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Frankfurt am Main]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> Netherlands]]> Atlantic Ocean--North Sea]]> 1943]]> 1944-02]]> David Meanwell]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Julie Williams]]> Pending review]]> Pending revision of OH transcription]]> eng]]> Sound]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> France]]> Great Britain]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Suffolk]]> Germany--Berlin]]> 1944-02]]> J E F Mitchell]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> David Bloomfield]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Memoir]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Germany]]> Germany--Kiel Canal]]> Norway]]> Norway--Stavanger]]> Norway--Oslo]]> Netherlands]]> Italy]]> Italy--Turin]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Germany--Bochum]]> Germany--Friedrichshafen]]> Algeria]]> Algeria--Blida]]> Italy]]> Italy--La Spezia]]> Germany--Gelsenkirchen]]> Germany--Berlin]]> Germany--Leipzig]]> France]]> France--Paris]]> Belgium]]> Belgium--Antwerp]]> Germany--Münster in Westfalen]]> North Africa]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> 1939-09-03]]> 1940]]> 1940-04]]> 1940-05]]> 1940-06]]> 1943-04]]> 1943-06]]> 1943-08]]> 1943-09]]> 1943-10]]> 1943-11]]> 1943-12]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-03]]> 1945-06]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Photograph]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Civilian]]> Great Britain]]> Wales--Vale of Glamorgan]]> 1944-02]]> ]]> IBCC Digital Archive]]> Pending text-based transcription]]> Pending review]]> Royall, George. No 166 Squadron]]> eng]]> Text]]> Text. Personal research]]> Royal Air Force]]> Royal Air Force. Bomber Command]]> Atlantic Ocean--Baltic Sea]]> France]]> France--Abbeville]]> France--Aube]]> France--Aubigny-sur-Nère]]> France--Calais]]> France--Dieppe]]> France--Poitiers]]> France--Saint-Cyr-l'École]]> France--Saint-Dizier (Haute-Marne)]]> France--Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines]]> France--Thoiry (Yvelines)]]> Great Britain]]> England--Essex]]> England--Maldon]]> England--Lincolnshire]]> England--Barnetby le Wold]]> England--Barton-upon-Humber]]> England--Brigg]]> England--Caistor (Rural District)]]> England--Lincoln]]> England--Market Rasen]]> England--Nottinghamshire]]> Germany]]> Germany--Ruhr (Region)]]> Germany--Cologne]]> Germany--Diepholz]]> Germany--Dortmund]]> Germany--Duisburg]]> Germany--Düsseldorf]]> Germany--Freiburg im Breisgau]]> Germany--Geilenkirchen]]> Germany--Gerolstein]]> Germany--Hannover]]> Germany--Hennef-Sieg]]> Germany--Lehnin (Kloster Lehnin)]]> Germany--Mönchengladbach]]> Germany--Nordstemmen]]> Germany--Nuremberg]]> Germany--Steinheim (North Rhine-Westphalia)]]> Germany--Treuenbrietzen]]> Germany--Welver]]> Germany--Westerburg]]> Netherlands]]> Netherlands--Apeldoorn]]> Netherlands--Nijmegen]]> Netherlands--Oisterwijk]]> 1943-09]]> 1943-10]]> 1943-11]]> 1943-12]]> 1944-01]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-03]]> 1944-04]]> 1944-05]]> 1944-06]]> 1944-07]]> 1944-08]]> 1944-09]]> 1944-10]]> 1944-11]]> 1944-12]]> 1945-01]]> 1944-02]]> 1944-03]]> 1944-04]]> 1944-05]]> 1944-07]]> 1944-12]]>