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https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/901/11438/APaineFE160824.2.mp3
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie
Peter Raeburn Jenkinson
P R Jenkinson
Leslie Philip Jenkinson
L P Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
111 items. The collection concernes Leslie Philip Jenkinson (b. 1923, 13314603 Royal Air Force) and Flight Sergeant Peter Raeburn Jenkinson DFM (1921 - 1945, 1826262 Royal Air Force) and an oral history interview with Evelyn Paine who discusses the service of her brothers. There are two sub-collections containing a total of 110 items pertaining to each brother. <br /><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1764">Peter Jenkinson</a> flew operations as a flight engineer with 166 and 153 Squadrons and was killed 28 January 1945.<br /><br /><span><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1763">Philip Jenkinson</a> flew operations as a mid-upper gunner on 10 Squadron. He was shot down on 6 September 1943 and taken prisoner.</span><br /><br /><span data-contrast="none" class="TextRun SCXW24604530 BCX0" xml:lang="EN-GB" lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW24604530 BCX0">Additional information on Peter Jenkinson is available via the <a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/112119/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IBCC Losses Database.</a><br /><br />The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Evelyn Paine and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW24604530 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":200,"335559740":276}"> </span>
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed audio recording
A resource consisting primarily of recorded human voice.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
CB: My name is Chris Brockbank and today is the 24th of August 2016. I’m in the house of Evelyn Paine who is the sister of the person we’re doing a proxy interview for — Philip Jenkinson. One of two brothers. And he joined the RAF in 1941 but what are your, Evelyn your earliest recollections of your brother and how did he come to join the RAF?
EP: Well, I’m not really sure.
CB: Ok.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Well, where, where did the family live?
EP: [unclear] Farm in Falmouth.
CB: Where? In Falmouth. Ok.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Right. So where did he go to school?
EP: At St Breward in North Cornwall because we lived there at the time.
CB: Right. And what did your parents do?
EP: Well, they’d both sort of retired. Mum. They didn’t do anything.
CB: Farming?
EP: No. No.
CB: No. They weren’t?
EP: No.
CB: Ok.
EP: Just retired.
CB: And so everybody went to school locally.
EP: Pardon?
CB: Everybody went to school locally.
EP: Yes. Yes.
CB: Ok.
EP: Yeah.
CB: And what was that school? Was it a —
EP: A council school.
CB: Yeah.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Secondary school?
EP: No. I don’t think so.
CB: And what age did Philip leave school?
EP: At fourteen.
CB: And then what did he do?
EP: Farming. He went for poultry farming.
CB: And what was he doing as a poultry farmer?
EP: Well, I suppose picking up eggs and cleaning the chickens out and one thing like that I suppose.
CB: And how long did he do that for?
EP: Until ’41 when he went into the air force.
CB: Ok. But before that he’d volunteered hadn’t he?
EP: Yes.
CB: What did he do?
EP: Well, he joined the LDV.
CB: Yeah. What does that mean?
GP: Local Defence Volunteers.
EP: Yes.
GP: Home guard.
CB: What was it?
EP: [laughs] What was it?
GP: Local Defence Volunteers.
EP: Look.
CB: Local.
EP: Local.
GP: Defence volunteers.
CB: Local Defence Volunteers.
GP: Really the Home Guard.
CB: Yeah. Yeah.
GP: Yeah.
CB: Ok. And what did he do in being an LDV member?
EP: I’m not sure. He went off in the evenings to do something. Drills I suppose. Watched the bridges and things like that.
CB: Yeah. They were on guard duty.
EP: On guard duty. Yes.
CB: And did he discuss it regularly with you?
EP: No.
CB: Or did he keep it all very quiet.
EP: Yeah. Keep it very —
CB: Yeah. So the war started and he was still on the chicken farm.
EP: Yes.
CB: So at what age did he volunteer to join the RAF?
EP: In ’41. What age you could be. Twenty three.
CB: Eighteen.
EP: Eighteen. Something like that.
CB: So, what prompted him to do that?
EP: Well, because he was, because he was sent from the farm to volunteer. The three of them.
CB: Ah three. Who were they?
EP: Well, blokes that were working the farm.
CB: Other farm workers.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Ok. So what did they do? The three of them.
EP: I don’t know.
CB: And how, how did they decide? You said just now.
EP: I think that —
CB: How did they decide what to do?
EP: I think they, whoever they went to see I suppose.
CB: So there were three of them.
EP: The recruiting officers.
CB: And who decided which of the forces to go in?
EP: I think the person who interviewed them. I suppose.
CB: So what happened? One went in the — you said earlier.
EP: Yes. One in the navy, one in the army and one air force. And Philip was the air force.
CB: Right. So then what did he do?
EP: I don’t really know. He —
CB: They sent him —
EP: Then he went to Reading. I don’t know whether — did he go up to Lloyds?
CB: Went to Lord’s.
EP: Lords.
CB: Because —
GP: Lord’s Cricket Ground.
CB: That was the Lords Reception Centre.
EP: Yes. And I don’t really know what he did after that.
CB: Ok.
[recording paused]
EP: Now, the thing is one of the ships going to Canada was cut in half with the Queen Mary wasn’t it? Somehow.
GP: That’s right.
CB: Ok. So we’ll come to that in a mo. So, after he joined at Lords Cricket Ground where did he go?
EP: He went to Newquay.
CB: Ok. Which was an Initial Training Wing.
EP: Yes.
CB: And how long was he there?
EP: About three months I think.
CB: And that’s on — down in Cornwall.
EP: Yes. Down in Cornwall. Yes.
CB: And then he was sent where?
EP: To Canada I think.
CB: Right. And how did that happen? How did he go?
EP: By boat. That one.
CB: Which one?
EP: What’s the name.
CB: The Cavina.
EP: Cavina.
CB: So what happened there? There was something about the boats. What happened?
EP: When it was in Liverpool —
CB: Right.
EP: The boat he was going over on was cut in half with the Queen Mary because she ran into it.
CB: Oh. But he wasn’t, he wasn’t on that.
EP: No. No.
GP: Very careless.
CB: Very careless. Yeah. And so what did they have to do?
EP: They waited for another boat. But for how long I don’t know.
CB: No. And when they went to Canada then they went where? In to —
EP: Winnipeg.
CB: Ok. And what happened at Winnipeg?
EP: I suppose he just did his training I suppose.
CB: Ok. So we’re, what was he training to do?
EP: Air gunner.
CB: And so that was a mixture of ground work and air to air.
EP: Suppose so.
CB: And training to be an air gunner what, what did they do there?
EP: [laughs] Fire.
CB: Ok. So how did the training go for air gunnery? What did they do?
EP: I suppose flying and shooting.
CB: Doing what?
EP: Flying and shooting.
CB: Yeah. But on the ground first what did they do?
GP: On the range.
CB: So they did, they did clay pigeon shooting.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Rifle shooting.
EP: Yeah.
CB: And the flying. What was that? What type of shooting did they do there?
EP: Don’t know.
CB: Against a target towed by another plane.
GP: Yeah.
CB: And when he came back from Canada where did he return to?
EP: I’m not sure.
CB: Liverpool?
EP: No. Oh, he went to — yes. He came back to Liverpool.
CB: Yeah. And then —
EP: Then I don’t know where he went from.
CB: Then he, then he went to a squadron.
EP: Yes.
CB: Right.
EP: That would be Melbourne.
CB: At Melbourne. Where’s that?
GP: 10 Squadron.
EP: Yorkshire.
CB: Right. And the squadron number?
GP: 10.
EP: 10.
CB: What were they flying?
EP: Halifaxes.
CB: And where was his position in the aircraft?
EP: Top. Yes.
GP: Mid-upper. Mid-upper.
EP: Mid-upper gunner.
CB: Ok. And so he then went on to operations.
EP: Yes. He did.
CB: And we’re now in 1943.
EP: And he did ten.
CB: Did he?
EP: And then he was shot down.
CB: Yeah. How? How did they come to be shot down?
EP: By, by another plane. By a — what was it? What was the plane that shot down?
GP: Oh —
CB: It was in the night was it?
EP: Yes. Night time.
GP: Yes.
CB: Ok. And —
GP: I’m not sure.
CB: Did they all get out or —
EP: No. Two were killed.
CB: Ok. Who were the ones killed?
EP: The bomb aimer. Not the bomb aimer. The rear gunner and the pilot.
CB: Ok. Do we know why that was?
EP: No.
CB: So —
GP: Sitting in the wrong seat.
CB: Yeah. So the, if the attacking aircraft had approached from behind it’s more likely that that’s how the rear gunner died.
EP: Yeah.
CB: But what about the pilot? What do you know about why he didn’t survive?
EP: Whether he stayed with the aircraft and he crashed I don’t know. I don’t really know.
CB: Ok.
GP: Yes. He may have stayed with it ‘til he was sure they were all out and then it was too late.
CB: Ok. So that’s —
GP: That was the usual pattern.
CB: That was the usual pattern.
EP: And Philip was loose for nine days before he was caught.
CB: Was he?
EP: Yeah.
CB: What was he doing for nine days?
EP: Well, he was hiding during the day and then walked around in the night time.
CB: Where to?
EP: He was hoping to get to Switzerland.
CB: So where was he shot down?
EP: At [pause] oh dear.
CB: Well, let’s start earlier. The raid was on which town? Who were they, where were they bombing?
EP: Munich.
CB: Munich. Right. Ok.
GP: Munich. Yeah.
CB: So this is on the way back is it or on the way there?
EP: It must have been on the way there because they’d jettisoned the bombs and one bomb went into a little church.
CB: Did it?
EP: And destroyed it. Yeah.
CB: Ok.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Right. So he got out of the plane.
EP: Yes. With a parachute. But he doesn’t remember jumping.
CB: And he landed ok.
EP: Yes.
CB: So how did he know where he was going to go?
EP: He didn’t. Just hoped for the best.
CB: Right. Ok.
GP: We’ve done it on the map haven’t we? He nearly got, he nearly got into Switzerland. Just this side of the border and got caught.
EP: He got caught in [pause]
GP: Walked around the corner and there they were.
EP: Where was he caught?
GP: I should know this. I can see it on the map but I can’t remember the name.
CB: So, in practical terms —
GP: Nearly made it.
CB: He’d almost arrived. He got caught. Why?
GP: He was, well he just happened, he came around the corner.
CB: Yeah.
GP: Expected, not expecting to see anybody. There was, I think two Germans there, ‘For you the war is over.’
EP: And his bomb aimer. Both of them were together.
CB: Just the two of them. Right.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Yeah.
EP: Ok.
EP: The other two were caught two days afterwards.
GP: He was only a very short distance from the border. Very short distance. Quarter of a mile.
EP: And Kevin, his navigator was caught straight away.
CB: Oh was he?
EP: By a policeman. Which I’ll tell you in a minute.
CB: Ok. So the aircraft itself landed where?
EP: At the farm we go to —
CB: Right. Which is?
EP: At Leeder.
GP: There’s a photo in there.
CB: What? What’s —
GP: Of the cell he was put in.
CB: What’s, what’s the town that’s nearest?
EP: Landsberg.
CB: Right. Landsberg. Landsberg’s the town. Ok. So let’s talk about, they’ve landed. Then what? He’s gone off on his own.
EP: He buried, he buried his parachute.
CB: Yeah.
EP: And then they started walking. And he thinks the first night they went around in a circle because the dogs started barking in the village and he had to sort of dodge. Dodge that.
CB: Yeah. Yeah. So then what?
EP: Then he started walking. Walked. He walked at night time. Hid at night err during the day.
CB: What sort of places did they hide in?
EP: Woods. Or where ever they could. And they did because the bomb aimer didn’t bring any rations so they shared their rations and then they sort of ate, ate carrots. Whatever they could find. Carrots and turnips or anything. And of course they had water from the streams.
CB: So, what time of year is this?
EP: Hmmn?
CB: What time of year?
EP: What time what?
CB: What time of year is this?
EP: September.
CB: Right.
EP: September the 6th, 7th
CB: 1943.
EP: Yeah.
CB: So, when he got caught, the two of them got caught then what happened?
EP: They were sent to a prisoner of war camp. First of all they were put in a cell for the night. And then —
GP: We’ve got a photo of the cell haven’t we?
EP: Hmmn?
GP: We’ve got a photo of the cell he was put in. Yeah.
CB: Ok. We’ll look at the photo of the cell.
EP: Yes.
CB: Yeah. Ok. So then what? Put in a cell —
EP: He went to the prisoner of war camp.
CB: Where was that?
EP: In Poland wasn’t it?
GP: Pardon?
EP: Poland wasn’t it?
GP: Poland I think.
EP: Poland I think.
GP: Yes. It was. Yeah.
EP: Yes.
GP: Yeah.
CB: And what rank was he at that time?
EP: I don’t know. He came back as a warrant officer. So what —
CB: Ok.
EP: Yeah. So —
GP: [unclear]
EP: Whether he was a warrant officer before he went I don’t know.
CB: Right. And what was it like in the prisoner of war camp for him?
EP: It wasn’t too bad at all. Yeah. They used to bribe the Germans with chocolates and things because first of all you know they gave them a piece of chocolate, ‘Will you please bring me a screw?’ Or something like that. And then they made a wireless with, because once the Germans did something they couldn’t report it so they bribed him.
GP: Crafty.
EP: Yeah. Yes. Philip said the sweets and chocolates were very useful from the Red Cross parcels.
CB: Which parcels did they come in?
EP: Hmmn?
CB: Which parcels did they arrive in?
EP: In the Red Cross parcels.
CB: Right.
EP: Yeah.
CB: How often did they get a Red Cross parcel?
EP: Not very often. No.
CB: No. Ok. So —
EP: Once every three months or even more. I don’t quite —
CB: Do you know what —
EP: They took a long time to get over there.
CB: Yeah. What sort of, what was in the parcels?
[recording paused]
CB: This is a contents statement for the British Red Cross Society parcels. And it says pyjamas, towels, face cloth, toothbrush, warm shoes, scarf, wool gloves, leather — looks interesting. So, he’s in the prisoner of war camp in Poland. How did they occupy themselves during that time?
EP: Doing embroidery and things. He did a lot of embroidery.
CB: What sort of things?
EP: Tea cosies and tapestries.
GP: Gloves?
EP: Yes.
CB: Ok.
EP: Knitting and all that sort of thing.
CB: Ok. So the —
EP: And when they moved they took, everything they’d already done they left behind, they took things that weren’t finished.
CB: You’re talking about the end when they — who, who liberated?
EP: When they moved they —
CB: Who liberated them?
GP: They were moved.
EP: Desert Rats.
GP: To another camp.
CB: Oh they went to another camp did they?
GP: Yeah.
EP: Yes. When they went to, I think he went to four different camps I think.
CB: Did he?
EP: Yeah.
CB: So he was there, because he was there for two years.
EP: Eighteen months.
CB: Eighteen months. Yeah.
EP: Yeah.
CB: So how did they get out of the last camp?
EP: The Desert Rats opened the gate and they all went out.
CB: Right.
EP: The Germans fled. They didn’t see them.
GP: I think they walked.
CB: So what happened? The, the gates were opened. Then what happened? How did he get back?
EP: They just walked out and they — didn’t it? For two days they didn’t do anything. Just stayed there. They had no food or anything. But what happened after that I don’t know.
CB: Right.
EP: Yeah.
GP: I think they walked west.
CB: So, how did he get back to England?
EP: He flew back to England.
CB: Where from?
EP: I don’t really know where from.
GP: Don’t know where from.
EP: Because he wanted to fly back.
CB: Did he?
EP: Yes. He wasn’t, he wasn’t coming back in a boat.
CB: Well, if you’re a flying man you wouldn’t want to would you?
GP: No.
CB: Right. So the RAF programme for that was called Operation Exodus. And many of the crews picked up POWs from airfields in Belgium and took them to the UK.
EP: I don’t know whether he went to Belgium. Don’t think he ever went to Belgium.
CB: Might not have got that far. So when he got back then what happened? What did he do?
EP: He spent a lot time in hospital.
CB: Why?
EP: Don’t know where.
CB: No. Why? Why did he have to go to hospital?
EP: Because he was so thin. Yeah. And he wasn’t all that well.
GP: He wasn’t very nourished. Wasn’t nourished very well.
EP: Undernourished and —
CB: What was the effect of being in the prison camp then?
GP: Losing weight mostly wasn’t it?
EP: Yeah. Losing weight wasn’t it? I don’t think they had much food. He said the bread was put, sawdust in the bread they said.
GP: Fill you up. Yeah.
CB: Ok. So he got back. Went into hospital. How long was he in hospital for?
EP: Oh. Quite a while. You know, now and then.
CB: How long is quite a while?
EP: Oh I don’t know. Three or four months I expect.
CB: Right. And then what did he do?
EP: Then he came home.
CB: Ok.
EP: He came home on leave.
CB: Then what?
EP: And then he went back. Don’t know where he went. To Melbourne would he?
GP: Pardon?
EP: Would he have gone back to his airport. Or where would he go?
GP: That’s when I met him wasn’t it? First. When he came back.
CB: So he went back to his airfield.
EP: I should think so.
GP: Yes. He did.
CB: Which was —
GP: He went —
CB: At Melbourne.
GP: He went back as a load master.
CB: Right.
GP: From 511. From 511 Squadron.
EP: I don’t know where he went then. That’s where you —
GP: Yes. Because I followed him there.
CB: You just happened to meet him there.
GP: I think I knew he was there but I was there and we were both there at one time. I was flying as second pilot and he was doing the freight. We were moving freight.
CB: To where?
GP: From Germany back here.
CB: Oh right.
EP: To, you went to India didn’t you?
GP: Pardon?
EP: India, didn’t you?
GP: Pardon?
EP: You went to India.
GP: I went to India. Went all over the place. Rhodesia, India.
CB: But he didn’t go there.
GP: No. I don’t think. No.
EP: No. I don’t think —
CB: So then he left the air force. When did he leave the air force?
EP: In ’48 I think. And then he went farming. Poultry farming.
CB: Right.
EP: At —
CB: Where he was before?
EP: No. At Swin —
GP: At AG Street’s place.
EP: Yes. Anthony. But where was that?
GP: You remember AG Street? The broadcaster. Farming. He went, he went —
EP: And then he left.
GP: He worked for him. Yeah.
CB: Ok. And he kept, he did that for the rest of his life did he? Or did he do something else?
EP: No. He went farming. I had a farm. And then he came and sort of took over.
CB: Right. So as far as the RAF is concerned then he’s his interest about the crash was rekindled for some reason.
EP: Yes.
CB: What was that?
EP: I don’t know.
CB: What prompted that?
EP: Well, it’s in, he said to me, ‘I’m going to Germany in ’83.’ And I said, ‘Why ever do you want to go to Germany in ’83?’ ‘Because,’ he says, ‘It’s forty years since I was shot down.’ So what he did, he rang up the Air Ministry and asked them where he crashed. And he said, well they didn’t really know but a bloke in Germany will tell you. And Philip wrote to him.
GP: Hans Grimminger.
EP: Hans Grimminger and I think Hans rang Philip up and said, ‘Oh yes. I know where your plane came down.’ And Philip said, ‘Well, I’m coming over in September.’ Same time. September 7th because, you know, the time he was shot down. And so he said, ‘Well, you’ve got to come and stay with me.’ So, we all stayed there and then evidently before we went over there he advertised in the paper, did anybody know about this plane? Which he got so I’ll tell you. I’ll tell you about it.
CB: Ok.
GP: I was speaking to Hans Grimminger this week on the phone.
EP: Wait a minute.
GP: Yeah.
CB: And now we’re looking, we’re looking at the cuttings specifically.
GP: Yeah.
CB: Related to that. Ok. So we’re in 1983.
GP: [unclear]
EP: Wait a minute I’ve got —
GP: Wonderful collection we have.
EP: There’s him in the cell. There’s that one.
CB: So what happened? So, he wrote. He wrote. And did he get responses? Or —
EP: Yes. Yes. Yes.
CB: What did he get?
EP: I don’t know what that photograph’s of.
CB: We’ll stop for a mo.
GP: He was put —
[recording paused]
CB: What — just going back a bit. What happened to the navigator?
EP: He was picked up straight away.
CB: What was his name?
EP: In the village. But he couldn’t do anything with his parachute because it was caught in the barbed wire. So he couldn’t do anything about his. And so evidently a policeman caught him. Rang up his party and said what, ‘I’ve got an airmen here. What do I do with him?’ So they said, ‘Well, if he’s an officer you don’t put him in a cell. You put him in one of your own beds.’ So Kevin was, there’s that’s the, that’s the policeman’s daughter, erm wife.
GP: Yeah.
EP: There’s the daughter who was turfed out of her bed so Kevin could go in. [unclear] so that’s that.
CB: So he went, he was put in that bed. Then what happened?
EP: And then he stayed there for the night and he was told to put his trousers outside the door so he wouldn’t run away. And then he was taken to a prisoner of war camp after that. The next day.
CB: And that was a different prisoner of war camp.
EP: Yes. Yes.
CB: From the others because he was the first to be captured.
EP: Yes. And Philip didn’t see him again until years afterwards.
CB: Right.
EP: Because in ’79 he had a car, a car accident. He came to see us on the way to a sale somewhere or other. He had a car accident and he went in to St Alban’s Hospital, and Geoff went to see him but he wasn’t allowed to see Philip because he was in uniform. They wouldn’t allow him because he’d gone back to the war. And so in the evening when Geoff went to see him he said, ‘Where am I?’ And so Geoff says, ‘In St Albans.’ ‘Oh St Albans. My navigator lives in St Albans. Kevin Murphy.’ So Geoff came here and looked in the telephone book and there was a Kevin Murphy there. So Geoff rang him up and he said, he said ‘Did you serve with Philip Jenkinson during the war?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ ‘Well he’s in your hospital.’ Kevin went down to see him and he realised he recognized him straight away, Kevin. And they nattered about the war, you know, the plane and one thing and another. I went in the same day. He still doesn’t recollect me going in there but yet he went back all that time.
GP: Yeah.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Extraordinary.
GP: Kevin Murphy. Nice chap.
EP: And there’s —
CB: Ok. We’ll stop there just for the mo.
[recording paused]
CB: It’s just, so back to the earlier comment about 1983. You were put in touch with the Germans.
EP: Yes.
CB: In the area of the crash.
EP: Yes.
CB: Ok. So how did that move on from there? They’ve got a memorial.
EP: Well, the memorial, we saw the memorial first. That’s nothing to do with Philip’s crash. That was the memorial they’ve got for Philip err for Peter.
CB: Oh ok. So that’s different.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Ok. So Philip’s one. Ok. So what did they do?
EP: We went, we went to Philip’s crash.
CB: Point.
EP: Yeah.
CB: And what did you see there?
EP: Hmmn?
CB: What did you see there?
EP: We saw the way he crashed and all the photographs. Then we went down to the farm and got some more photographs. And then we had tea there and they were very, very nice. We made friends ever since.
CB: So who were these Germans?
EP: Well, these Germans on the farm. The plane crashed and the old girl she, she remembers the plane and she remembers her brother taking the photographs. So when they saw the advert they looked in the house and found them and gave them to Philip. To which was there —
CB: Fascinating. Yeah.
EP: There’s the farm. And, and Philip had to jettison the bombs and one of the bombs went in that church and destroyed that.
CB: Right. So when, what you’re talking about is the plane, when the plane was hit it hadn’t reached the target.
EP: No.
GP: Jettisoned the bombs.
CB: So they jettisoned the bombs.
EP: Yes. Yeah.
CB: And one of them hit the church.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Which has been rebuilt.
EP: Yes.
GP: Yes.
CB: Right.
EP: About seventy odd it was rebuilt.
CB: Right.
GP: They were very nice about it weren’t they [laughs]
CB: So what in fact was their interest in your coming?
EP: Just I think they were so pleased.
GP: Fascinated to meet somebody —
EP: A crew member.
CB: And so you travelled from England. Did you have somewhere to stay? Or were you looking around.
EP: No. We didn’t have anywhere to stay.
CB: So what happened?
EP: Well, they gave us, we went down to see the memorial. We came back to a sort of hotel which we didn’t know what it was. And they gave us a meal. And then we said we had to find somewhere to sleep. ‘Oh,’ he said, ‘We have beds here for you.’ So we slept there for the night and then we were told, ‘You’ve got to come here 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.’ Which we were there ready at 9 o’clock and they took us up to their, up to their cemetery.
GP: It’s stuck. It’s stuck here. That’s it.
EP: Where’s — where’s —
CB: And what was in the cemetery?
EP: The stone that had all their names on.
CB: Now wait a minute. So just to recap. In practical terms we had five of the crew getting out.
EP: Yes.
CB: But the pilot and the rear gunner didn’t.
EP: No.
CB: So what’s the significance of this cemetery?
EP: I don’t know whether we’ve got it here or not. Or whether it’s in Peter’s [pause] So we went to their cemetery which they had this stone with all their names on. The pilot —
CB: The two.
EP: Then we went to their cemetery. You know the airmen, you know. The. We’ve done that one. —
GP: The War Graves.
EP: The War Graves. And the seven, Peter’s seven were there and Philip’s two were there. All in the same place.
CB: So, wait a minute. What’s the war graves then? [pause] I wonder how —
[recording paused]
GP: Different thing.
CB: We’ve got a bit of confusion here because of the two brothers. So we’re talking about Philip only.
GP: Yes.
CB: The ‘83 contacts were to do with Philip’s crash but there was no memorial on the site of the crash. Only viewing the site. Separately the two crew who died — the pilot and the rear gunner.
GP: Yeah.
CB: Are buried in a War Grave Commission —
GP: Yeah.
CB: Cemetery.
EP: Yes.
GP: Yes.
CB: Which we haven’t identified just at the moment.
GP: Yeah.
CB: Ok. Right. Ok.
EP: Went to —
CB: So after looking at the site. Then what did you do?
EP: Went back to Hans’ place.
CB: Yeah.
EP: Which was about thirty miles away.
CB: Ok.
EP: And then the next day —
CB: That’s where you stayed, was it?
EP: Yes. Stayed.
CB: With him.
EP: Yes.
CB: Ok. Now, the people who went are you and Geoff.
EP: And Philip and Jean.
CB: Philip and his wife, Jean.
EP: Yes.
GP: Yeah.
CB: So the four of you then went with Hans.
EP: Yes. Back to their place.
CB: Yeah. And then what did you do?
EP: The next day they took us to the cemetery.
EP: Right.
EP: At [pause] oh dear what’s it called?
GP: Aglasterhausen.
EP: Hmmn?
GP: Aglasterhausen.
EP: No. It’s not.
CB: But it’s the War Graves Commission cemetery.
EP: Yes.
GP: I’m trying to think of it.
CB: How long did it take to drive there?
EP: Oh, an hour or so I should think.
CB: Right. Ok.
EP: Quite a while.
CB: And after looking at that then what did you do?
EP: I think we came home.
CB: Ok. Right.
EP: Yeah.
CB: And reflected on —
EP: We drove, we drove over there.
CB: Yeah. And reflected on the experience.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Right.
EP: Yes.
CB: So, you’re with Philip and his wife. You’ve driven both ways. How did the conversation go after having being in the site and then as you came back? What do you remember about that? Because he’d be reminiscing was he?
EP: Yes [laughs]
GP: Yeah.
CB: So what did he talk about?
EP: It was the crash I think. When the plane came down and —
GP: Yes. In no uncertain terms.
CB: Had he? In what way?
GP: Oh gosh.
EP: He was ready to kill every German until, until we went out.
CB: Right.
EP: And they were so nice.
CB: Yeah.
EP: We couldn’t believe they were so nice.
CB: So he changed his tune.
EP: He changed his mind.
GP: Changed his mind.
CB: Ok.
GP: I was speaking to Hans Grimminger yesterday.
CB: Were you?
GP: On the phone. Yeah.
CB: So on the way back then he was reminiscing was he? About the experience.
EP: Yes. Yes.
EP: Yes. I think he was. Yes.
CB: Anything in particular?
EP: No. I don’t think so.
GP: He was very thrilled that he’d found somebody, Germans that knew what was going on and were very friendly to us. Yeah. I think he was a bit surprised I think.
CB: It tempered his enmity did it?
GP: Pardon?
CB: It tempered his enmity towards Germans.
CB: Yeah. Changed completely.
EP: He certainly did.
GP: He certainly did.
CB: Ok.
GP: [unclear]
CB: So Philip eventually died in 2011.
EP: Yes.
CB: What happened as a result of that?
EP: Well, he wanted his ashes to go to Germany. So we had to arrange, but because because he wanted to be by his crew. He wanted them to be buried by his crew. But they wouldn’t allow it because there was no relations. But as I had a relation there he could, they could be buried by Peter. So that’s what we did.
CB: So we’re coming on to Peter in a minute. Ok.
GP: So they just —
CB: You didn’t scatter them. You buried them.
EP: Hmmn?
CB: You didn’t scatter them.
EP: No. No. They buried them.
CB: You buried them.
EP: Yeah.
GP: We dug a little hole.
EP: Yes. By —
GP: In line with the graves. And put them in a little box.
CB: Right.
GP: Just in front of the graves.
CB: Ok.
GP: You’ve got a picture somewhere haven’t you?
CB: Right. Well, we’ll cover that later.
GP: Yes.
CB: Right. So after quizzing the Sherlock Holmes team we’re going to adjourn for the invitation of a cup of tea.
EP: Yes. Alright.
GP: Yeah.
[recording paused]
CB: We’re now on the second of our proxy interviews with Evelyn Paine and in this case we’re talking about Evelyn’s other brother whose name was Peter Jenkinson DFM. And he was older than Philip but there were reasons why he joined the RAF later. So, shall we start off please Evelyn with the earliest recollections you have.
EP: Well, I remember his always being ill.
CB: Had he?
EP: Yes.
CB: What was he suffering from?
EP: Well, he had pneumonia and pleurisy and flu and everything else. And one day from school he was sent home because he wasn’t very well and he collapsed. When mum opened the door he collapsed and he was put in to hospital. And then one night when she went there the matron called, she said, ‘I want to see you.’ So she’s saying that she didn’t think he was going to last the night. So when she went back to Peter he wanted to know what she wanted. What matron wanted. And so all mum could say was he wanted, she wanted some clean pyjamas, and she said, ‘I didn’t really know what to say.’ But he survived the night.
GP: Amazing.
CB: And then what?
EP: Well, then, then when he was seventeen or something like that he went up to Bristol Aircraft Company and he worked there for a while.
CB: Doing what?
EP: Making aircraft. Building aircraft. Making the aircraft.
CB: So where was this?
EP: At Bristol.
CB: Right.
EP: Bristol Filton. And then, then when the war broke out he wanted to join the RAF and he went to have a medical but they wouldn’t take him because he was unfit. So of course he went back to the aircraft factory and then he tried three more times and every time he was not fit.
CB: Unfit in what way?
EP: Well, because his illness when he was younger.
CB: Right.
GP: There’s a little bit here you want to say about he was unfit because he couldn’t —
[recording paused]
EP: He had illness when he was young.
CB: And, one of the tests was what?
EP: Blowing the mercury up because when he wanted to join the air force and he couldn’t do it and he tried three times and passed — he didn’t pass. And then he went down to Britannic to do something to a Beaufighter. And when he went to a dance and there he was given an envelope and in it was a white feather which made him see red. And he went back to Bristol and he got a football bladder and blew that up and blew that up until he thought he was fit to blow, so he went to another you know test. Medical.
CB: RAF one.
EP: And the doctors said, if you blow up the mercury.’ He said, I can’t pass you. ‘I have to pass you.’
GP: ‘I can’t fail you.’
EP: ‘I can’t fail you.’ So he managed to. So he was in. Yeah.
CB: So, he joined the RAF.
EP: Yeah. And did all his training and —
CB: Yeah. So he’s started off at Lord’s as usual.
EP: Yes.
GP: Yes.
CB: And then where did he go?
EP: I suppose, was it Athans?
GP: St Athan I think.
EP: St Athans.
GP: Yes.
CB: In South Wales. Yeah.
GP: Yeah.
CB: And what did he go there for?
EP: Training as an engineer or something.
CB: As a —
EP: Engineer. Flight engineer.
GP: Flight engineers. Yes.
EP: And then he joined 166 Squadron. And then after that he went to 153 Squadron.
CB: Ok. And what were they flying?
EP: Lancasters. Yeah.
CB: So, you, what — what did he do when he was flying Lancasters?
GP: Flight engineer.
EP: Yeah. Flight engineer. Looking after all the gear, engines and things.
CB: Right.
GP: [unclear]
CB: How many raids did he go on? Operations.
EP: Well, I think, well they say thirty but I think only twenty seven. But we’ve seen the book.
CB: Right. Ok.
EP: Yeah.
CB: And what happened? What happened to him?
EP: He was killed.
CB: Yeah. But what happened to him?
EP: And then they were put in this —
CB: They flew, they went on a raid. What happened on the raid?
EP: He was shot down by a, by a fighter. And then —
CB: What happened to the crew?
EP: They all, they found six at the time. The same night. But they couldn’t find the seventh. But they found him about four days afterwards.
GP: Buried in the snow.
EP: In the, because it was very snowy.
GP: It had been snowing.
CB: And what was the date of this?
EP: 28th 29th of January 1945.
CB: Ok.
GP: Have you seen a photo of the memorial? Yeah. It’s just above the memorial. On the left is where they actually crashed.
CB: Ok. So where is this?
EP: At Michelbach.
GP: Michelbach.
CB: Which is where?
EP: Near Heidelberg.
CB: Ok.
EP: Yeah. He was on the raid to Stuttgart.
CB: Right. On the way or on the way back?
EP: On the way there.
CB: Right.
EP: Because he jettisoned the bombs.
EP: Right.
CB: Yeah.
EP: So they’d time to get rid of the bombs.
CB: Yes.
GP: Yeah.
EP: Because —
CB: We saw where they all dropped.
EP: Oh really. Ok.
CB: Yeah.
GP: The fellow he, the sort of fellow he was he stayed with the pilot and that’s why really. If he’d have jumped out he’d have probably survived.
EP: None of them survived.
GP: None of them survived. But I think he stayed with the pilot. That was his duty.
EP: I read that the pilot was still alive when they pulled him out but he died afterwards.
CB: So, how did the plan come down then? Did it crash land?
EP: Crashed. Crash landed.
GP: He crashed.
CB: And the pilot controlled, did a controlled landing did he?
EP: I suppose so.
GP: Yeah.
EP: Because he was in the plane.
GP: It’s just above where the memorial is. It’s about —
EP: Yeah.
GP: A quarter of a mile away I suppose. Where it actually crashed.
CB: Who, how does it come to have a memorial there?
EP: Because a German went out for a walk in the woods and came across this bit of — well he said a plane but when Geoff and Philip went out there they said no it wasn’t the plane it was a bit of the bomb. And he decided he was going to do something about it with all these men being killed. And he asked the German army whether they could help. So they said, ‘Well yes. We’ll bring you a stone but you’re not to say anything.’ So this stone was carted there and then he did all the wrought iron on it.
CB: So when was this?
EP: ‘72 or ‘73. ’72.
CB: When did you find out about this?
EP: ‘72. ’72.
CB: How did you find out?
EP: Because Geoff was in the ROC and they got letters in the ROC from the, from the RAF. And his colleagues saw it and rang Geoff up and said there’s a memorial being put up for, you know Bristol, or a Lancaster crew and the name is Jenkinson. Is that anything to do with Evelyn’s, your family because he, because my mother lived here with me and he used to come. Les Coffey and of course he knew her name was Jenkinson. And that’s how we found out.
GP: We wouldn’t have known otherwise. No.
CB: So when we say ROC what does that mean?
GP: ROC. Royal Observer Corps.
EP: Royal Observer.
CB: Ok. Right. So then what? So you get to know about it.
EP: Yes. Yes.
CB: Then what?
EP: And then, well we didn’t do anything about it until ’83 when we went out there to see it.
CB: Why was the, what was the reason for the delay from knowing about it and going to see it?
EP: Well, Philip, Philip was farming and Geoff was working.
GP: Yeah.
EP: And then of course —
CB: So you all wanted to go together. Did you?
EP: Yeah. Well, of course Philip wanted to go out in ’83 because it was forty years.
CB: Yeah.
EP: And that was the reason we had to wait.
CB: So we’re talking about Philip being the brother who is on the earlier part of this tape.
EP: Yeah.
GP: Yeah.
CB: And he was looking, on the fortieth anniversary —
EP: Yeah.
CB: Of his own —
EP: Yeah.
CB: Being shot down.
GP: That’s right.
CB: Although —
EP: Yeah.
CB: Five of the crew survived and only two died in that particular instance.
EP: Two died.
CB: Ok.
EP: Yeah.
CB: So when you went out first time that was at the same, it was the same trip.
EP: Yes.
CB: As when you went to —
EP: Yes.
GP: Yeah.
CB: To Philip’s —
EP: Yes.
GP: Yes.
CB: Site. How far away is it?
EP: Oh quite a while.
GP: Quite a few miles. I should think it’s a hundred.
EP: Two or three hundred miles was it?
GP: A hundred and thirty forty miles.
CB: So which site did you go to first?
GP: We went to where the memorial is didn’t we?
EP: The memorial first.
GP: Yeah.
EP: And then we met Hans.
CB: So, to Peter’s memorial.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Ok. And who did you meet there?
EP: Somebody. We don’t know quite know what. Who.
GP: Who was that?
EP: There was a, a teacher who spoke English so he was, you know he said that was he was interpreter. And he told us all about it. You know, about the plane crashing and you know —
GP: Yes. I remember that.
EP: The way the bombs fell and —
CB: How did he know? How did he know that you were coming?
EP: Because Jean wrote a letter.
CB: Jean?
EP: Jean. My sister in law.
CB: Right.
EP: Wrote a letter to Michelbach.
GP: That’s right.
EP: But we didn’t know there were seventeen Michelbachs in Germany and they went to fourteen before it went to the right one. And it’s got the —
CB: You mean in your research you didn’t visit fourteen did you?
EP: No. No [laughs] No.
GP: Yeah.
EP: And then, so they knew we were coming but we didn’t know where we were going and we stopped in this little village and we didn’t know where to go. So, we saw an old girl cleaning her windows. And of course she took a bit longer because watching us. And then Philip took the paper up and showed her the paper and she said, ‘Oh, up there.’ So we went up there and found it. We went to a little hut first of all, house which we didn’t realise was a hotel and he took us down to see the memorial where it was. Yeah.
GP: [unclear]
EP: And then we came back and we came back and we met the burgermeister and met this one and met that one. And we met about seven or eight —
GP: They were very very friendly. Yeah.
CB: They got it all organised.
GP: Yes. They did.
EP: Yes.
CB: And how easy is it to identify? Do people know that it’s there? Or only certain people.
GP: It’s a beauty spot you see.
CB: Is it?
GP: Yeah. And as you drive there is the big car park.
EP: Yes. It’s —
GP: And people park their cars to go and walk through this beauty spot and just past that there’s the memorial right by the road.
CB: So who maintains it?
GP: It was beautiful. Yeah. It’s roped off.
EP: I think the Germans have got to look after it.
GP: They look after it very well.
EP: Because we went out there one day and it wasn’t that good. And I wrote to the War Graves Commission and asked them about it. Anything can be done? No. They only look after one thing. And they’re looking after the graves. They don’t look after a memorial. But I think he must, they must have got something done because the next time we went out there it was sort of painted and looked after.
GP: Beautifully.
EP: So whether they’d got somebody to look after it I don’t know.
CB: So what is the memorial made of?
EP: A big big stone.
GP: A big stone. A very grand stone.
CB: Is it granite? Or what is it?
EP: No. I don’t think so.
GP: No. Not granite.
CB: What colour is it?
GP: Like a sandstone isn’t it? We’ve got a picture of it somewhere haven’t we?
EP: You’ve got a picture there.
CB: And how is the lettering done? Is that painted in or —
EP: No. It’s —
GP: No. I don’t think so. I think it’s —
EP: I don’t know what it —
CB: We’ll have a look in a minute. Yeah. Now, that’s where the memorial is.
EP: Yeah.
CB: And does it attract much attention or people ignore it?
GP: Well, I think it does because it’s a big car park and it’s a beauty spot. The car park’s here and you walk.
EP: And one day, one day when we were there two or three people stopped and had a look at it didn’t they?
GP: Yeah. You go, to go to the walk that they go on to look at the lovely countryside there you have to pass the memorial. It’s right by the road.
CB: So that’s where the memorial is.
EP: Yes.
CB: Where are the bodies of the seven crew buried?
EP: At the War Graves now.
CB: Which is where?
GP: Aglasterhausen? No.
EP: No. Durnbach is it?
GP: Durnbach.
EP: Durnbach.
GP: Durnbach Cemetery.
CB: And how far away is that?
EP: Quite a way. But first of all they were put in their own cemetery.
CB: In the local cemetery. And then they were —
EP: In the local cemetery.
GP: Yeah.
EP: That’s where they went And they had a stone there. And then after that they were taken to the War Graves.
CB: And reinterred there.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Ok.
EP: And they’re, they’re seven there and Peter’s two are just there. The same row. You know. Just near.
CB: Oh. So by coincidence —
EP: Yes. Isn’t it? And they were sort of killed eighteen months difference.
CB: So two brothers are buried within rows of each other.
EP: No. Philip’s crew.
CB: Philip’s crew.
EP: But his ashes are out there now.
CB: Peters crew but — yes.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Yeah. But the two —
GP: Dug a little hole. About that, square. Right in front of the grave and put —
EP: We weren’t supposed to it but we did.
GP: Some of his ashes.
CB: Yeah. Yeah. So when Peter died —
GP: Pardon?
CB: Sorry. So when Peter died.
GP: Yeah.
CB: Sorry, when Philip died you put him with Peter.
EP: Yes.
GP: Yes.
CB: But nearby —
GP: Just —
CB: Are the two —
GP: Right in front of — we’ve got a photograph somewhere. Right in front of the two.
CB: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah.
GP: Had a hole like that dug.
CB: What I’m getting at is the two crew from Philip’s —
EP: Yes.
CB: Aircraft are nearby.
EP: Yes. Near. Yes. Different rows.
CB: Right. Ok.
GP: Yeah.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Ok. So you went to see that. So that’s thirty years ago. What’s been the, what’s happened in the passage of time?
EP: Oh we’ve been, we’ve been over there several times. We go and see the graves and we go to see the memorial.
GP: Its looked after very well.
EP: They take us around.
GP: Yeah.
EP: We went out, the last time we went out there was in 2012 when we took Peter’s err Philip’s ashes out there.
CB: Yes. Yeah.
GP: Yeah.
EP: Yeah.
CB: Ok.
GP: We met an Englishman didn’t we whose something to do with the graves.
EP: Yes. Well that just why — yes.
GP: Yeah. He suggested it. We’d go and we’d dig a little square hole and we’d put his ashes in there.
CB: While nobody’s looking.
GP: And that’s what we did.
EP: Because Philip wanted all his ashes by his crew.
CB: Yeah.
EP: Not Peter. But it wasn’t allowed.
CB: Ok.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Interview with Evelyn Paine
Creator
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Chris Brockbank
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Type
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Sound
Identifier
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APaineFE160824
Conforms To
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Pending review
Pending revision of OH transcription
Format
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00:50:13 audio recording
Language
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eng
Coverage
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Second generation
Contributor
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Julie Williams
Temporal Coverage
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1941
1943
1945-01-28
1945-01-29
Spatial Coverage
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Germany
Great Britain
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Germany--Munich
Description
An account of the resource
Two of Evelyn Paine’s three brothers joined the RAF. She discusses the service of her brothers Philip Jenkinson and Peter Raeburn Jenkinson. Philip Jenkinson trained as an air gunner. He was was shot down on his tenth operation and after evading for nine days, became a prisoner of war. Peter Jenkinson trained as a flight engineer. He was killed on his 30th operation 28 / 29 January 1945 when the plane was shot down by a night fighter near Michelbach, Germany. Philip and Evelyn visited Germany in the 1980s to visit Peter’s grave and visit the memorial to his memory.
10 Squadron
153 Squadron
166 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
crash
evading
final resting place
flight engineer
Halifax
killed in action
Lancaster
memorial
prisoner of war
shot down
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30690/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10041.2.jpg
3a37ac21e14c70c4979d970a2446dc44
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[RAF Crest] ROYAL AIR FORCE
MINISTRY OF DEFENCE NEWS RELEASE
105/74
October 11, 1974
GERMANS HONOUR LANCASTER CREW
The seven members of a Lancaster bomber who died in an attack in 1945 are to be honoured by the German community of Michelbach, near Heidleberg, at a ceremony beside a new memorial to their memory.
The crew - a flying officer and six flight sergeants of No 153 Squadron - perished in an attack on Stuttgart on January 28, 1945. Their aircraft crashed at Michelbach and after the war they were reinterred in the military cemetery at Durnbach.
Now a local sculptor has erected a sandstone memorial at the point where the Lancaster crashed. An official remembrance ceremony is to be held at the memorial on Sunday (October 13).
Air Commodore L G P Martin, British Air Attache in Bonn, will attend the ceremony at which contingents of the RAF and the Federal German Air Force will also be present. As part of the simple ceremony, Air Commodore Martin will lay a wreath “from the Royal Air Force” on the spot. Others will be laid by the burgomeister of Aglasterhausen, by the local German Air Force Commander and by the British Consul in Stuttgart, Mr H E J Hale.
The crew who died were Flying Officer Owen Meredith Clement Jones [inserted] DFC [/inserted] (pilot) whose wife lived in Oxford and whose sister lived in Selly Oak, Birmingham; Flight Sergeant John Francis Dormer of Bexley Heat, Kent; Flight Sergeant Edward Walter Fletcher of Preston, Lancs; Flight Sergeant Peter Raeburn Jenkinson [inserted] DFM [/inserted] of Ottery St Mary, Devon; Flight Sergeant John Wilson Milburn of Blythe, Northumberland; Flight Sergeant Harold Ferguson of Manchester; Flight Sergeant James Coles of Bradford. Invitations to the ceremony were extended to their next of kin and the parents of Flight Sergeant Milburn are expected to spend the weekend in Michelbach.
Issued by: Public Relations (RAF) Ministry of Defence Main Building Whitehall London SW1
01-218-8253/3254
[ink stamp]
[inserted] Charles Worrell 21 - - 7955 [/inserted]
[inserted] R.A.F. News Release gave the family the first information that a memorial to Peter and his crew had been built. It came too late for the family to attend the ceremony.
A colleague at HQ Royal Observer Corps telephoned Lieutenant Commander Geoff Paine (Husband of Evelyn) who was stationed at No.2 Group ROC, Horsham, to tell him of the news. [/inserted]
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Germans honour Lancaster crew
Description
An account of the resource
Ministry of Defence news release. Account of memorial to Lancaster bomber crew who crashed near Michelbach on 28 January 1945. Tells of inspiration and building of monument by local man and unveiling along with representatives of the RAF and Federal German Air Force. Lists crew. Note at the bottom states this news release was the first time the family heard about the memorial. Relates how they got the news.
Creator
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Public Relations Ministry of Defence
Publisher
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Ministry of Defence
Date
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1974-10-11
Format
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One page printed document and printed note mounted on an album page
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10041
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Germany--Bad Tölz
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-01-28
1974-10-11
1974-10-13
Contributor
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Steve Christian
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
153 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
bomb aimer
final resting place
flight engineer
killed in action
Lancaster
memorial
navigator
pilot
wireless operator
-
Dublin Core
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Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Title
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Aglasterhausen [place]
Description
An account of the resource
This page is an entry point for a place. Please use the links below to see all relevant documents available in the Archive.
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30650/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10011-0001.2.jpg
eee6b20613d883b7472f1a5e712fd53f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
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Transcription
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1826262 Flight Sergeant Peter Racburn Jenkinson D.F.M.
R.A.F VR
[underlined] OPERATIONAL RECORD [/underlined]
[underlined] As a Flight Engineer on Lancaster Bombers [/underlined]
5.8.44 Posted to 166 Squadron at RAF Kirmington, Lincolnshire
T/O Landing A/C Target
12.8.44 1120 1825 ME812 Douai Marshalling Yards Bordeaux
14.8.44 1315 1715 ME812 Fontain Le Pen
15.8.44 0955 1340 ME812 Leculot Airfield,Belgium
16.8.44 2055 0515 NE170 Stettin(Combat with JU 88)
29.8.44 2100 0630 PD242 Stettin (combat with 2 FW 190s)
31.8.44 1325 1655 ND626 Agenville V2 site. flak damage
3.9.44 1550 1930 ME829 Gilze Rijen Airfield
8.9.44 0645 1040 NE170 Le Havre-no bombs dropped (MB)*
10.9.44 1645 2100 NE170 Le Havre
12.9.44 1755 0150 PB515 Frankfurt
16.9.44 2135 0135 PB515 Steenwuk-Havetle
23.9.44 1835 2355 PB515 Neuse Essen
25.9.44 0710 1155 PB515 Calais-no bombs dropped (weather MB)
On 13th October 1944 twenty seven crews from 166 Sqdn at Kirmington were posted to RAF Scampton to form 153 Sqdn.
11.10.44 1440 1735 PB151 Port Frederik Hendair-no bombing
14.10.44 0625 1054 PB639 Duisburg
23.10.44 1620 2215 PB515 Essen
25.10.44 1250 1720 PB515 Essen, flak damage
30.10.44 1735 2335 PB515 Cologne
31.10.44 1755 2325 PB515 Cologne
2.11.44 1625 2120 PB515 Dusledorf [sic] -attacked by JU 88
4.11.44 1730 2245 PB515 Bochum - combat with 2 ME 262 jets
9.11.44 0820 1250 NG184 Wanne Eickle
6.12.44 1635 0015 PB515 Leuna
15.12.44 1440 2100 PB515 Ludwigshafen
17.12.44 1515 2245 PB515 Ulm
22.12.44 1520 2025 PB515 Coblenz
7.1.45 1815 2120 PB786 Munich-Abortive, Oxygen failure
14.1.45 1905 0310 PB786 Leuma [sic]
22.1.45 1655 2145 PB872 Duisburg -With F/O Gibbins
28.1.45 1925 ---- PB638 Stuttgart + failed to return crashed at Michelbach, Aglasterhausen SW of Heidelburg with loss of all lives.
A memorial to the crew is erected at the crash site at the Gluck and Winkle. Built as a "Bridge of Friendship" in 1974. The crew are now buried in the War Graves Cemetery at Bad Tolz south of Munich. An original headstone remains in the churh [sic] cemetery at Michelbach.
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Peter Jenkinson operational record
Description
An account of the resource
Lists 13 operations while a wireless operator on 166 Squadron at RAF Kirmington and 16 operations completed on 153 Squadron at RAF Scamption. He failed to return from his 17th operation from Scampton. Notes memorial to crew erected at the crash site - crew are buried Bad Tolz.
Format
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One page printed document
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Text. Personal research
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJenkinsonPR1826262v10011-0001
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
France
France--Bordeaux (Nouvelle-Aquitaine)
France--Falaise Region
Belgium
Belgium--Louvain
Poland
Poland--Szczecin
Germany
Germany--Bad Tölz
France--Amiens Region
Netherlands
Netherlands--Breda
France--Le Havre
Atlantic Ocean--English Channel
Atlantic Ocean--Bay of Biscay
Germany--Frankfurt am Main
Germany--Essen
France--Calais
Netherlands--Vlissingen
Germany--Duisburg
Germany--Cologne
Germany--Düsseldorf
Germany--Bochum
Germany--Leuna
Germany--Ludwigshafen am Rhein
Germany--Ulm
Germany--Koblenz
Germany--Munich
Germany--Stuttgart
Germany--Heidelberg Region
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Germany--Ruhr (Region)
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1944-08-12
1944-08-14
1944-08-15
1944-08-16
1944-08-29
1944-08-31
1944-09-03
1944-09-08
1944-09-10
1944-09-12
1944-09-16
1944-09
1944-09-23
1944-08-05
1944-09-25
1944-10-13
1944-10-11
1944-10-14
1944-10-23
1944-10-25
1944-10-30
1944-10-31
1944-11-02
1944-11-04
1944-11-09
1944-12-06
1944-12-15
1944-12-17
1944-12-22
1945-01-07
1945-01-14
1945-01-22
1945-01-28
1974
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
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Peter Bradbury
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
153 Squadron
166 Squadron
aircrew
bombing
bombing of Luftwaffe night-fighter airfields (15 August 1944)
final resting place
flight engineer
Fw 190
Ju 88
Lancaster
Me 262
memorial
Normandy campaign (6 June – 21 August 1944)
RAF Kirmington
RAF Scampton
tactical support for Normandy troops
V-2
V-weapon
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30662/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10043-0001.1.jpg
16e11c496ff241d4bdbb447183228acc
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Karl Frauhamer at the memorial to Peter Jenkinson's crew
Description
An account of the resource
Top - a photograph of a stone memorial with plaque, crest and aircraft cut-out with metal railing in front with aircraft plaque, On the right a man wearing check shirt standing.
Middle - note mentions that Karl Frauhamer was the inspiration behind building the memorial and also has a list of crew.
Bottom - close up photograph of the plaque on the monument in German noting date and that a four engine bomber crashed with seven men killed.
Format
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One b/w photograph, one printed document and one colour photograph on an album page.
Language
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eng
deu
Type
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Photograph
Text
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10043-0001
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1944-01-28
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
air gunner
aircrew
bomb aimer
flight engineer
killed in action
memorial
navigator
pilot
wireless operator
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30663/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10043-0002.2.jpg
7be44f6da014794bb24ab4e96a7aff41
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Dublin Core
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Title
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Four photographs of memorial
Description
An account of the resource
Top left - colour photograph of snow covered ground with stone memorial with wrought iron railing in front and trees behind.
Top right - b/w photograph of several men and women some with umbrellas and some with wreaths.
Middle right - b/w photograph of a man laying wreath at a memorial with two men in German uniform and helmets either side.
Bottom left - colour photograph of wreaths in front of a monument.
Format
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Two b/w and two colour photographs on an album page
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10043-0002
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
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IBCC Digital Archive
killed in action
memorial
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30669/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10057-0001.1.jpg
0788c921db95d024cbbaa1280d52146f
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30669/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10057-0002.1.jpg
44cc3249db3539eea84fd354b0fd254c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
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Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[inserted] Translation of newspaper article reporting our visit to Michelbach 13.9.83 [/inserted]
[underlined] ENGLISHMAN RETURNS TO THE GRAVE OF HIS BROTHER [/underlined]
The airman who crashed at Michelbach is now in the military cemetary [sic] at Durnbach (Bavaria)
Farmer Philip Jenkinson from Shebbear in North Devon (England) was shot down as a member of the crew of a Halifax Bomber 40 years ago south of Augsburg on his way to bomb Munich. Two airmen were killed. He visited Michelbach a few days ago with his sister, Evelyn Paine, his wife Jean and his brother in law Geoff Paine to see the memorial to his brother and crew of a Lancaster Bomber shot down on 28th January 1945. At first the seven airmen were buried in the Michelbach [cemetary [sic]. The two dead members of Philips crew and and the Philips brother with the other six members of his crew were later buried in the R.A.F. cemetary at Durnbach, south east of Munich.
At the MIchelbach cemetary is a memorial stone for the seven killed airmen but Jenkinson’s brother is shown as unidentified. The mayor Erich Dambach, assured that the name Peter Jenkinson will be noted on the gravestone. In two years the English people will come again to Germany.
Karl Frauhammer the builder of the monument for the 7 English airmen near the cafe ‘Gluck I’m Winkel’ received a letter 14 days ago from Philip Jenkinson telling of his visit. The letter was sent from Alscot farm, Shebbear, on 10th August. It was only addressed Michelbach, West Germany. In the whole Federal Republic are 17 Michelbachs. The 15th postcode was the right one.
It was a very windy crossing, but the 4 English people came to the right Michelbach near Heidelberg, although they forgot to address the letter correctly.
At the cafe Gluck I’m Winkel they met the mayor, Erich Dambach, Karl Frauhammer the builder of the monument and the municipal concillor [sic] Gunter Glumm of Michelbach. The Mayor greeted the guest and said they are welcome in Michalbach. [sic] He took them to the monument and Karl Frauhammer explained the the history of how it began.
Nine years ago, October the 13th was the unveiling of the monument attended by the British Air Attache in Bonn, Air Commodore L P G Martin, the British Consul in Stuttgart, Mr H E J Hale and many German personalities. The invitation to the celebration did not reach the Jenkinsons early enough.
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Title
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Englishman returns to the grave of his brother
Description
An account of the resource
Translation from newspaper article reporting Philip Jenkinson's visit to Michelbach. Notes that Philip himself was shot down in Halifax south of Augsburg and he visited Michelbach a few days ago and saw memorial to his brothers crew who crashed nearby. Includes information about the people involved in memorial, building, unveiling and names of crew. Concludes with a little about Philip Jenkinson.
Format
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Two page printed document mounted on album pages
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10057
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Great Britain
England--Devon
Germany--Bad Tölz
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Christian
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
air gunner
aircrew
bomb aimer
crash
final resting place
flight engineer
Halifax
killed in action
Lancaster
memorial
navigator
pilot
shot down
wireless operator
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30678/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10015.1.jpg
ec42d92c449a664634984edb056403b8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.
Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[underlined] EPILOGUE [/underlined]
As recorded in paragraph 59b, F/O Jones and his crew, flying Lancaster PB638(‘O’-Oboe) failed to return from a raid on Stuttgart on 28th Jan. 1945.
Following an attack by a German night-fighter, ‘Oboe’ crashed at Michelbach, Aglasterhausen, (about 12 miles south-east of Heidelberg) with the loss of all lives. The crew were given a christian burial in the local churchyard; they were later re-interred in the Imperial War Graves Cemetery located at Bad Tölz (approx 25 miles due south of Munich). However, an original headstone remains in the churchyard at Michelbach.
Some years after the war, a Michelbach resident, Herr Karl Frauhammer, himself a refugee who had been left severely disabled as a result of war wounds and therefore unable to fully follow his profession of blacksmith, designed and created a war memorial to honour the memory of the dead crew. A large block of sandstone incorporates a piece of the aircraft wreckage and bears a wrought iron motif and commemorative plaque. Standing before the sandstone is a low gateway fo decorative wrought ironwork; inset are seven gilt crosses and a symbolic four-engined aircraft (unfortunately it looks more like a Flying Fortress than a Lancaster - but does not detract from the obvious sincerity of the creator’s intentions). The commemorative plaque, freely translated, reads:-
“On 28th January 1945, a four-engined British bomber aircraft crashed at this spot, killing all seven members of its crew”.
The memorial, which is set alongside a well-known scenic walk in a peaceful woodland on the outskirts of Michelbach, was unveiled on Sunday, 13th Oct. 1074 in a ceremony attended by the British Air Attache, Bonn; the British Consul-General, Stuttgart; the local German Air Force commander; and local dignitaries including the Burgomeister and heads of all community services. Also present were the parents of the crew’s Wireless Operator (F/Sgt John Wilson Milburn) together with contingents representing the RAF, the German Air Force and the Fire Services.
The ceremony did not pass unnoticed. The Daily Telegraph of 14th October 1974 reported:-
“In an unusual, or even unique ceremony, a small German village paid tribute to the memory of seven British airmen of No. 153 Squadron, who died there in 1945”.
Similar reports appeared in various British and German provincial papers, and in RAF News.
[underlined] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT [/underlined]
The foregoing information was provided by Phillip Jenkinson - brother of the crew’s Flight Engineer, F/Sgt Peter Jenkinson, DFM. Phillip was himself a Halifax mid-upper gunner with No. 10 Squadron, when shot down in 1943; his pilot and rear gunner were killed - the rest survived.
(By an amazing coincidence, although he died 300 miles away and some 18 months later, Peter’s final grave at Durnbach lies directly alongside those of Phillip’s old crew-mates).
[page break]
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Epilogue
Description
An account of the resource
States that Flying Officer Jones and crew failed to return from operation to Stuttgart on 28 January 1945. After attack by German night fighter Lancaster PB638 ('O - Oboe') crashed at Michelbach, Aglasterhausen. Tells of local man designing and building a memorial to the crew. Describes memorial and unveiling, Information provided by Philip Jenkinson who was also shot down in Halifax 10 Squadron in 1943.
Format
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One page printed document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Text. Personal research
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJenkinsonPR1826262v10015
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Civilian
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Germany--Stuttgart
Germany--Bad Tölz
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-01-28
1974-10-14
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Steve Christian
Rights
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10 Squadron
153 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
crash
Distinguished Flying Medal
final resting place
flight engineer
Halifax
killed in action
Lancaster
memorial
shot down
wireless operator
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30681/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10023.1.jpg
d62c0041194267e041a7829a55d3b59a
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
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[Account of Karl Frauhammer and his decision to make a gesture of peace by building a memorial to the seven members of a Lancaster which was shot down near his home. Flight engineer on aircraft was Peter Jenkinson. Family did not find out about memorial until later after unveiling took place.]
About the Memorial to Peter and his Crew
Karl Frauhammer was a refugee from Hungary; he was a blacksmith and a wrought iron craftsman. He fought in the German army against the Russians, was severely wounded and taken prisoner.
In 1947 he decided that he wanted to make a gesture of peace. His idea was to build a beautiful memorial to the seven members of the crew of a British Lancaster bomber which was shot down and crashed in the forest near his home in Michelbach.
The Flight Engineer of that aircraft was Flight Sergeant Peter Jenkinson DFM brother of Evelyn’s.
The RAF could not trace the Jenkinson family at the time when the memorial was unveiled so that they could attend the dedication ceremony. News of the memorial reached the family through an RAF News release seen by Evelyn’s husband after the ceremony took place.
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Title
A name given to the resource
About the memorial to Peter and his crew
Description
An account of the resource
Account of Karl Frauhammer and his decision to make a gesture of peace by building a memorial to the seven members of a Lancaster which was shot down near his home. Flight engineer on aircraft was Peter Jenkinson. Family did not find out about memorial until later after unveiling took place.
Spatial Coverage
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Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Temporal Coverage
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1974
Format
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One page printed document
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10023
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Contributor
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David Bloomfield
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
aircrew
flight engineer
killed in action
Lancaster
memorial
shot down
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30682/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10024.2.pdf
ba43c9c518502de78e223bd8e2a0736c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
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Transcription
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Translation of German newspaper (opposite).
Tuesday 15th October 1974
District president Hugo Geisert at the memorial unveiling in Michelbach.
'EIN BRUCKENSCHLAG DER FREUNDSCHAFT' (A bridge of friendship)
Honour for the designer and builder Karl Frauhammer.
Many took part in the ceremony.
1. rik.Mosbach. “With the erection of this memorial you have set up a lasting monument, not only to the seven fallen English airmen, but also to your people,” said the British military attache, Air Commodore General Martin to the builder of the memorial opened on Sunday in the presence of many people. His charming Berlin-born wife translated the conversation between her husband and K. Frauhammer. One could not rate Frauhammer’s action in terms of international understanding high enough, went on General Martin. Severely disabled in the war and expelled from his homeland (Hungary), Karl Frauhammer had really achieved a great deal.
2. Along with many people from Michelbach and Aglasterhausen, the Mayor Horst Lehmann gave a hearty welcome to special guests General Consul Mr Hale and wife, the British R. A. F. attache General Martin and his wife, provincial council member Dr Hans Heidler, member of the squadron at that time – Mr Greenwood, district president Hugo Geisert and wife, certificated engineer Colonel Kowald, acting Commander-in-chief of military district command V (Stuttgart), Lieutenant Schafer, acting Commander of the Air Force Supplies Regiment 4, Neckarelz, manager of the People’s Federation for the care of War Graves, H Grasing, Chief Magistrate Kurt Wagner, Karl Frauhammer and his wife, Father Wild, formally of Michelbach but now in Bretten, and the local parish councillors.
3. Though himself severly [sic] affected by the war, fellow citizen Karl Frauhammer had created a work which is to be looked on as exeplary, [sic] said Mayor Lehmann. He then went into the story behind the monument, which we have already reported on, at length in our Saturday edition. He also praised the bold resolve of the former municipal council of Michelbach on its leader Mayor Wagner, the work of chief forester Knorzer, the action of the Air Force Supply Regiment 4 and of the community workers.
4. Frauhammer did not only create a memorial for the fallen Englishmen, but also for the local community and the world. Just as here the former enemy has been honoured, so have fallen Germans had a monument put up in many countries of Western Europe, through the maintenance of cemeteries with the support of the Peoples Federation for the care of War Graves. The majority of fellow citizens have rightly praised Frauhammer’s act. Mayor Lehmann went on to say that the care of German Soldier’s graves in England was exemplary. He thanked the British guest for this.
-1-
[page break]
He looked briefly back in time, and said that in the past small German states fought each other, and three times within one century, nations have become involved in great wars. Today we have seen the advent of thinking as Europeans, and one can expect the peoples of Europe will no longer fight each other, for they have drawn closer together. Former enemies are today friends.
5. District President Hugo Geisert declared that since the second World War almost three decades have passed. The painful wounds caused by this deadly war, are healed but not forgotten. All over the World war memorials, monuments of stone, remember the war dead. Even the ancient Romans knew the saying ‘Saxa loqunte’ ie. ’Stones can speak’. This memorial stone is to remind us that the war dead left a legacy to say; we should do our utmost and work unremittingly and unwavering for reconciliation with the former enemy, for the maintenance and preservation of peace and understanding between peoples.
6. “Ladies and gentlemen of Britain, today’s meeting in which you are taking part, and to which I as district President heartily welcome you, should not reawaken all the suffering and grief which afflicted countless families in Great Britain and Germany in the second world war. Today’s meeting, we all heartily wish, should deepen and help nurture the good relations between the English and German people, reached at last after the hostilities”, said District President Geisert, and he ended his speech with the comment that this commemorative spot for the English airmen might be a sign of good will and of reparation. It should forever be a bridge of friendship over the borders of Germany to England. At the end of his remarks, the district President said he hoped this day might contribute to the friendship between the two countries, which formed the basis for a free and peaceful world.
7. General Consul Hale thanked the builder of the memorial for his deed which united peoples. He acknowledged not only the great personal sacrifice of Frauhammer, but also praised its meaning for human relations between both peoples. He recalled the words of a famous English poet who said about graves on foreign soil ‘Here is a piece of earth on foreign soil, that will always signify’*(possibly based on “The soldier” by Rupert Brooke). He thanked the parish council, the mayor, the German Air Force, and all who took part in the ceremony. Director of Studies, Dieter Dannenberger from Mosbach, read out the names of the fallen. The Music Society and the Male Voice Choir provided a musical setting for the ceremony. The Voluntary Fire Brigade likewise made a remarkable contribution.
8. Following the ceremony a reception for the guests took place at the ‘Gluck im Winkel’ (inn). Mayor Lehmann took this opportunity of thanking fellow citizen Karl Frauhammer on his big hearted action, for designing and producing the memorial. He went once more into the background of the man whose hobby was creative ironwork. After the war he had to show a preference for a substitute profession, as he could no longer carry out his job because of war injuries. Fraumammer became known for this. In
[page break]
recognition of his services to understanding between peoples, he awarded him the heraldic plate of the parish of Aglasterhausen. The hand carved heraldic plate of the parish was received by General Consul Hale, Air Commodore Martin and editor Richard Knopf.
9. Provincial Council Member Dr. Hans Heidler gave thanks for the hospitality, “One should take oneself across borders entirely without complications. The world of the future should be a world in which all can talk to each other. One citizen has obviously achieved that. He has expressed something artistically, which moves us all”. Dr. Heidler turned again to the guests in English. He established thus, that this day had been a day of progress. Two soldiers of the Air Force Supply Regiment formed a guard of honour in front of the memorial. Active and reserve soldiers were likewise gathered before the monument.
UNDER THE PHOTOS;
10. In Michelbach on Sunday a memorial for seven fallen English airmen was unveiled. Our photos show (top) General Consul Hale during his address and (on the right) Mayor Lehmann (middle) Members of the Voluntary Fire Brigade hold the wreaths during the ceremony. (Below) Mayor Horst Lehmann during his address. Two soldiers of the Air Force Supply Regiment 4 forming a guard of honour.
(Photos; Richard Knopf)
* Start of “The Soldier” by Rupert Brooke.
If I should die, think only this of me;
That there’s some corner of a foreign field
That is forever England.
[page break]
MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
Main Building Whitehall London SW1A 2HB
Mr Philip Jenkinson
Alscott Farm
Shebbear
North Devon
Our reference DDPR/30/1/3/PJ
12 November 1974
Dear Mr Jenkinson
Your letter dated the 20 October 1974 has been forwarded to me by Mr Dawson of the Daily Telegraph.
I have spoken with the Press Office in Germany and they advise that the arrangements for the ceremony were dealt with by the air attache in Bonn. I have written to the Embassy for any information and for pictures they may have of that they might be able to obtain.
Any information received will be forwarded as soon as possible.
I enclose a copy of the air Ministry News Service release AMB 20372/1945 giving details of the Citation which I thought you might like to see.
Yours sincerely
Signature.
R KANE
PR4(RAF)
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
A bridge of friendship
Description
An account of the resource
Translated German newspaper article about the building and unveiling of a memorial built by a local man in Michelbach. Writes about Karl Frauhammer who conceived and built it and the unveiling ceremony. At the end a letter from the ministry of defence to Philip Jenkinson with information about the unveiling ceremony.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1974-10-15
1974-11-12
Format
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Three page printed document and one page printed letter
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Text. Correspondence
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10024
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1974-10-15
1974-11-12
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Contributor
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Jan Waller
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
killed in action
memorial
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30689/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10037.1.jpg
2cdaa1bb7d7b05b0b255a4b41653b90b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Transcribed document
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Transcription
Text transcribed from audio recording or document
[Details of Peter Jenkinson's aircraft, date, squadron, base, place of crash, names of crew]
[underlined]CRASH REPORT[/underlined]
Nationality: British.
Air Force: Royal Air Force Bomber Command.
Date of mission: 28/29 January 1945.
Target: Stuttgart.
Squadron: 153.
Group: 1.
Airbase: Scampton Lincolnshire.
Type of aircraft: Avro Lancaster BIII.
Code-No.: P4-.
Serial No.: PB638.
Time of start:
Bomb load:
Time of crash:
Description of the place of crash: At Michelbach (part of Aglasterhausen) E-Heidelberg.
Place of crash:
Cause of crash: shot down by German nightfighter.
Description of the crash:
Destroyer:
Crew: 7 men.
Fl/Off JONES, OWEN, MEREDITH, CLEMENT. DFC. PILOT – KILLED 5.H.19.
FL/SGT DORMER, JOHN, FRANCIS. NAVIGATOR – KILLED 5.H.22.
FL/SGT FLETCHER, EDWARD, WALTER. AIR BOMBER – KILLED 5.H.21.
FL/SGT JENKINSON, PETER, RAEBURN. DFM. FLIGHT ENGINEER – KILLED 5.H.20.
FL/SGT MILBURN, JOHN, WILSON. WIRELESS OPERATOR – KILLED 5.H.25.
FL/SGT COLES, JAMES. AIR GUNNER – KILLED 5.H.23.
FL/SGT FERGUSON, HAROLD. AIR GUNNER – KILLED 5.H.24.
Where are information’s about the aircraft and the crash?
Durnbach War Cemetery Registration Book.
Letter of RAF 5a Ministry of Defence.
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The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Crash report
Description
An account of the resource
Lists details of Peter Jenkinson's aircraft, date, squadron, base, place of crash, names of crew.
Format
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One page printed form handwritten filled in mounted on an album page
Language
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eng
Type
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Text
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10037
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
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Great Britain
England--Lincolnshire
Germany
Germany--Stuttgart
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Germany--Bad Tölz
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-01-28
1945-01-29
Contributor
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David Bloomfield
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
153 Squadron
air gunner
aircrew
bomb aimer
bombing
crash
final resting place
flight engineer
killed in action
Lancaster
Lancaster Mk 3
navigator
pilot
shot down
wireless operator
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30691/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10042.1.jpg
eef08ce50cb24502e103af1d14b3c4b9
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Ein Brückenschlag der Freundshaft
Description
An account of the resource
German newspaper article about the memorial to Peter Jenkinson's crew. Ceremony in Michelbach to honour Karl Frauhammer’s memorial to seven fallen English aircrew. Speeches made by British military attaché, Air Commodore General Martin; Mayor Horst Lehmann; District Administrator Hugo Geisert; Consul General Hale; and Dr Hans Heidler MP. Memorial said to represent a ‘bridge of friendship’ between Germany and England. Importance of reconciliation and peace. Names read out, musical contributions and gifts. Photographs of Consul General Hale, Mayor Lehmann, voluntary firefighters with wreaths, and two soldiers providing guard of honour.
Format
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One printed document and three b/w photographs mounted on an album page.
Language
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deu
Type
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Text
Identifier
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SJenkinsonPR1826262v10042
Coverage
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Civilian
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Rights
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This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
Contributor
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Sally Coulter
killed in action
memorial
-
https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/files/original/1764/30694/SJenkinsonPR1826262v10084.2.jpg
5882067ef6a95938efb672b5518d6cf6
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Jenkinson, Peter and Leslie. Peter Jenkinson
Description
An account of the resource
Fifty-three items concerning Peter Jenkinson who served as a flight engineer on 166 and 153 Squadron Lancaster and was killed with his crew on 28 January 1945. Collection contains official and family correspondence, photographs, biographies, newspaper articles, official documents, roll of honour and records of operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-08-24
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
IBCC Digital Archive
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Identifier
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Jenkinson, LP-PR
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Peter Jenkinson copy registration of death
Description
An account of the resource
153 Squadron, presumed 28 January 1945 at Michelbach Germany on air operations.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1997-12-01
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
One page printed document
Language
A language of the resource
eng
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Text
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
SJenkinsonPR1826262v10084
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force. Bomber Command
Spatial Coverage
Spatial characteristics of the resource.
Germany
Germany--Aglasterhausen
Temporal Coverage
Temporal characteristics of the resource.
1945-01-28
1997-12-01
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.
Publisher
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IBCC Digital Archive
153 Squadron
bombing
killed in action