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                  <text>Chandler, Edmund Basil</text>
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                  <text>181 items. The collection concerns Sergeant Edmund Basil "Chan" Chandler DFC (b.1921, 911217 Royal Air Force) and contains &lt;a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.omeka.net/collections/show/2988"&gt;an album&lt;/a&gt;, his log book, correspondence, documents, objects and photographs. He flew operations as an air gunner with 49 and 617 Squadrons and &lt;span data-contrast="auto" xml:lang="EN-GB" lang="EN-GB" class="TextRun SCXW231431038 BCX0"&gt;&lt;span class="NormalTextRun SCXW231431038 BCX0"&gt;No.1 Film Production Unit&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Robert Mark Chandler and catalogued by Barry Hunter.</text>
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                <text>The Marmorbad and Orangerie, flooded, at Kassel.&#13;
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                <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.</text>
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The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Shane and Lesley Willett and catalogued by Jan Johnstone.&#13;
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                <text>Vertical aerial photograph with two images of the Eder Dam captioned 'Photographs of the Eder Dam taken on 18th May 1943, thirty hours after the attack by 617 sqdn.  Taken by F/O D G Scott in Spitfire PRX1 serial EN411 of 542 sqdn.  (double photo used with stylograph to make the image 3D)'.  The image on the left has the caption 'EDER DAM' and the image on the right has the caption 'AMPS/587 18-5-43'.</text>
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                  <text>5 items. The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant William Alfred Colson DFM (1915 - 1943,&amp;nbsp;&lt;span&gt;141402&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Royal Air Force) and contains a biography and photographs. He flew as a bomb aimer on 9 and 97 Squadron and was killed when his Lancaster crashed on return to base from an operation to Berlin in December 1943. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Mr Harrison and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Additional information on William Alfred Colson is available via the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/205562/"&gt;IBCC Losses Database&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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              <text>Flight Lieutenant William Alfred Colson DFM (141402)&#13;
William Alfred Colson was born on 8th January 1915 at his grandmother’s boarding house in Paddington, London. His mother was Gladys Colson, nee Jeffery. She was born in 1898 also in Paddington, and his father was Alfred Colson, a Car attendant on the Great Western Railway, born in 1890 in Ilford Essex. They were married in 1914.&#13;
Billy was mainly brought up by his grandmother, Maud, in Paddington where my mother, his second cousin, spent a lot of her childhood with him.&#13;
He married Florence Amelia Burden (known as Millie) on 4th April 1936 in Paddington. He was 21 years old and she was 22. His marriage certificate states that he was an electrician, but another source said that he was a bricklayer.&#13;
We do not yet know when he first went into the RAF but he was in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve. He was in 9 squadron and served full tours in Whitley Bombers, Halifax Bombers and Wellingtons. He flew with rear gunner Harry Irons DFC and pilot Flt Lt Dick Stubbs.&#13;
He was promoted to Flight Sergeant in January 1943 and received the Distinguished Flying Medal in May 1943. This was with 9 Squadron. These achievements are published in the London Gazette, 13th April 1943 and 18th May 1943. &#13;
At some point in 1943 he transferred to 97 Squadron (Pathfinders) which was an elite Squadron. He was stationed at RAF Bourn, a few miles from Cambridge. &#13;
Billy was an observer, navigator and also a bomb aimer. Bomb aimers sometimes took over the front gun turret. &#13;
He had two children, Billy Junior and Beryl. &#13;
On the night of 16th/17th December 1943 the Lancaster’s from Bourn set out for a raid on Berlin. The fog was already very bad and the crews thought that the mission would be called off. Bomber Command had not made a raid on Berlin for two weeks and the orders were that they should go. &#13;
Billy should not have been flying that night but the bomb aimer of F-Freddy was unable to go, so Billy took his place as the bomb aimer with F-Freddy. The man who should have gone was Ivor Glynn Stevens who, we found, survived the war.&#13;
On the homeward journey, after the raid, the Lancaster’s began to return to base at Bourn, just after midnight on 17th December, but there was dense fog and the crews could not find &#13;
[page break]&#13;
the airfield and those that did could not see the runways. There was no flare path and they were running out of fuel. &#13;
Some of the Lancaster’s with enough fuel made it to nearby airfields, but 5 Lancaster’s crashed at Bourn with terrible loss of life, men burned and injured. Billy’s plane, almost safely home, made two approaches and then overshot the runway crashing on the edge of a road where it burst into flames. The pilot, Squadron Leader Donald McKenzie, the flight engineer, Pilot Officer John Towler- Pratt , and Flight Lieutenant Billy Colson were killed. The other four members of the crew were badly injured but survived. This night was called Black Thursday. &#13;
Billy was buried in Willesden New Cemetery, London in the civilian section but with a military headstone. Section E, Grave 2342. He was 28 years old. &#13;
Wyn Harrison&#13;
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            <element elementId="50">
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                  <text>Auton, Jim</text>
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                  <text>26 items. The collection relates to Sergeant Jim Auton MBE (1924 - 2020). He was badly injured when his 178 Squadron B-24 was hit by anti-aircraft fire during an operation from Italy. The collection contains an oral history interview and ten photographs.&#13;
&#13;
The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Jim Auton and catalogued by IBCC Digital Archive staff.</text>
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                  <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy. </text>
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                  <text>2015-07-30</text>
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                  <text>Auton, J</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Flying Officer A. Bonney’s Royal Canadian Air Force Flying Log Book for Aircrew other than Pilot</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>IBCC Digital Archive</text>
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                <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.</text>
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                <text>Flying Officer A. Bonney’s Royal Canadian Air Force Flying Log Book for Aircrew other than Pilot, from 13th October 1942 to August 1944. Recording his training as an air gunner in Canada and England, two completed tours with 142 Squadron RAF based in North Africa, subsequent instructor duties, and operations with 31 Squadron South African Air Force (205 Heavy Bomber Group RAF) based in Italy. He was stationed at RCAF Mont-Joli Quebec (No 9 Bombing &amp;amp; Gunnery School), RAF Edgehill/Shenington (21 Operational Training Unit), RAF Blida (142 Squadron RAF), RAF Castle Kennedy (No 3 Air Gunnery School) and Celone Airfield (Foggia #1, 31 Squadron SAAF). Aircraft in which flown: Battle, Wellington, Dakota, Hudson, Anson, Martinet and Liberator. He flew 45 operations (all night-time) with 142 Squadron RAF on the following targets in Italy: Alghero, Angitola, Battipaglia, Borgo Rizzo, Cagliari, Caltanissetta, Castelventrano, Catania, Civitavecchia, Eboli, Elmas Decimomannu, Sesto Fiorentino, Formia, Marsala, Messina, Montecorvino airfield, Naples, Olbia, Palermo, Pantelleria, Pizzo, Rome (‘Nickels’), Salerno, Taranto, Villacidro and Viterbo. He also flew 12 night-time operations with 31 squadron SAAF on the following targets in Greece, Italy, Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, France and Poland: Heraklion, Trieste, Bucharest, Fiume, Fanto oil refinery (Pardubice), Valence airfield, River Danube (‘Gardening’), Szombathely and Warsaw (dropping supplies). &lt;span&gt;His pilots on operations were&lt;/span&gt; Sergeant Walkden and Captain Lawrie.&amp;nbsp;He is recorded as missing from the last of these operations. Comments on operations include: 'Aircraft holed 24 times. 2 through my turret'.</text>
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                <text>Great Britain. Royal Air Force</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>David Leitch</text>
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                <text>One booklet</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>LBonneyA651126v1</text>
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                <text>Royal Air Force</text>
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                <text>Italy--Catania</text>
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                <text>Italy--Civitavecchia</text>
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                <text>Italy--Decimomannu</text>
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                <text>Italy--Eboli</text>
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                <text>Italy--Elmas</text>
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                <text>Italy--Pantelleria Island</text>
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                <text>Italy--Pizzo</text>
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                <text>Italy--Salerno</text>
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                <text>Italy--Sesto Fiorentino</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="345566">
                <text>Italy--Taranto</text>
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                <text>Poland--Warsaw</text>
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                <text>Québec--Mont-Joli</text>
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                <text>Québec</text>
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                <text>Québec--Mont-Joli</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="586812">
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              <elementText elementTextId="781840">
                <text>Italy--Sicily</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="781853">
                <text>Italy--Sicily</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="781857">
                <text>Italy--Sicily</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="781859">
                <text>Italy--Sicily</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="781885">
                <text>Italy--Sicily</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="823242">
                <text>Italy--Montecorvino airfield</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="933659">
                <text>Italy--Castelvetrano</text>
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            <name>Temporal Coverage</name>
            <description>Temporal characteristics of the resource.</description>
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                <text>1942</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="345576">
                <text>1943</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="345577">
                <text>1944</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588351">
                <text>1943-05-08</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588352">
                <text>1943-05-09</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588353">
                <text>1943-05-11</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588354">
                <text>1943-05-12</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588355">
                <text>1943-05-13</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588356">
                <text>1943-05-14</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588357">
                <text>1943-05-15</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588358">
                <text>1943-05-17</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588359">
                <text>1943-05-18</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588361">
                <text>1943-05-22</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588362">
                <text>1943-05-23</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588363">
                <text>1943-05-24</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588364">
                <text>1943-05-27</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588365">
                <text>1943-05-28</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588366">
                <text>1943-05-29</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588367">
                <text>1943-05-30</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588368">
                <text>1943-05-31</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588369">
                <text>1943-06-01</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588370">
                <text>1943-06-02</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588371">
                <text>1943-06-06</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588372">
                <text>1943-06-07</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588373">
                <text>1943-06-09</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588374">
                <text>1943-06-19</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588375">
                <text>1943-06-20</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588376">
                <text>1943-06-21</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588377">
                <text>1943-06-22</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588378">
                <text>1943-06-23</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588379">
                <text>1943-06-24</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588380">
                <text>1943-06-25</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588381">
                <text>1943-06-28</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588382">
                <text>1943-06-29</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588383">
                <text>1943-07-02</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588384">
                <text>1943-07-03</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588385">
                <text>1943-07-04</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588386">
                <text>1943-07-05</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588387">
                <text>1943-07-08</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588388">
                <text>1943-07-11</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588389">
                <text>1943-07-12</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588390">
                <text>1943-07-13</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588391">
                <text>1943-07-14</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588392">
                <text>1943-07-15</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588393">
                <text>1943-08-02</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588394">
                <text>1943-08-05</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588395">
                <text>1943-08-06</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588396">
                <text>1943-08-09</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588397">
                <text>1943-08-10</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588398">
                <text>1943-08-11</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588399">
                <text>1943-08-12</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588400">
                <text>1943-08-13</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588401">
                <text>1943-08-14</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588402">
                <text>1943-08-15</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588403">
                <text>1943-08-16</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588404">
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              <elementText elementTextId="588405">
                <text>1943-08-19</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588406">
                <text>1943-08-21</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588407">
                <text>1943-08-22</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588408">
                <text>1943-08-25</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588409">
                <text>1943-08-26</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588410">
                <text>1943-08-27</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588411">
                <text>1943-08-28</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588412">
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              <elementText elementTextId="588413">
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              <elementText elementTextId="588420">
                <text>1943-09-09</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588421">
                <text>1943-09-10</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588422">
                <text>1943-09-11</text>
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                <text>1944-06-04</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588424">
                <text>1944-06-05</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588425">
                <text>1944-06-26</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588426">
                <text>1944-06-27</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588427">
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              <elementText elementTextId="588428">
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              <elementText elementTextId="588430">
                <text>1944-07-20</text>
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                <text>1944-07-21</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588432">
                <text>1944-07-22</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="588433">
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              <elementText elementTextId="588434">
                <text>1944-07-25</text>
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                  <text>John Ross Mckenzie Valentine</text>
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                  <text>674 Items. Collection concerns navigator Warrant Officer J R McKenzie Valentine (1251404 Royal Air Force). The collection contains over 600 letters between JRM Valentine and his wife Ursula. It also contains his log book, family/official documents, a book of violin music studies and other correspondence. Sub-collections contain family photographs, prisoner of war photographs and a scrapbook of newspaper cuttings of events from 1942 to 1945. &#13;
He joined 49 Squadron in April 1942 and flew 10 operations on Hampdens. The squadron converted to Manchester in May when he completed two further operations. His aircraft was shot down on the Thousand Bomber raid of 30/31 May 1942. Five crew, including him bailed out successfully and became prisoners of war. The pilot and one air gunner were killed when the aircraft rolled over and crashed. &#13;
&#13;
The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Frances Zagni and catalogued by Nigel Huckins.</text>
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                  <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.</text>
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              <text>Kriegsgefangenenlager&#13;
Datum: 18th May 1943 &#13;
Two bottles of Argotone arrived today for which I am deeply grateful. Still being tasteless &amp; having been so for a long time now I’m thoroughly sick of the wretched condition &amp; if the Argotone can work the trick I shall be overjoyed. It was typically kind of you my dearest to have the stuff sent &amp; I just hope that if works. I have little other news, no mail from you but odd old ones from Barnet came trickling in. There must be a flood from Lido somewhere enroute. I hope you and Frances are well - Don’t forget that holiday this year. Fondest Love&#13;
John. &#13;
[page break]&#13;
Kriegsfangenenpost&#13;
Postkarte&#13;
Little Close&#13;
Devon Road&#13;
Salcombe&#13;
Devon &#13;
Mrs U M Valentine &#13;
LIDO&#13;
Empfangsort: Tenterden Grove &#13;
Strasse: Hendon&#13;
London &#13;
Land: England &#13;
Landesteil (Provinzusw.)&#13;
[underlined] Card [/underlined]&#13;
Gebuhrenfrei!&#13;
Absender:  &#13;
V or – und Zuname: Sgt John Valentine&#13;
Gefangenennummer: 438&#13;
Lager – Bezeichnung:&#13;
M. – S Tammlage: Luft 3&#13;
Deutschland </text>
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                <text>Postcard from John Valentine to his wife Ursula</text>
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                <text>Reports arrival of medicine which he hope will resolve sense of taste issue. Little recent mail but believes many enroute. </text>
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                <text>J R M Valkentine</text>
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                <text>Karl Williams</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="285811">
                <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/218400/"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;52 items. The collection concerns Warrant Officer David Geach (1394781 Royal Air Force) and contains his diaries, correspondence, photographs of his crew, his log book, cuttings and items relating to being a prisoner of war. After training in Canada, he flew operations as a bomb aimer with 623 and 115 Squadrons until he was shot down 24 March 1944 and became a prisoner of war. He was instrumental in erecting a memorial plaque to the Air Crew Reception Centre at Lord’s Cricket Ground in London. &lt;br /&gt;The collection also contains a scrap book of photographs.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Additional information on his crew is available via the&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/218400/"&gt;IBCC Losses Database.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Harry Wilkins and catalogued by Barry Hunter.</text>
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              <name>Rights</name>
              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="141812">
                  <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Vertical aerial photograph of Llandudno and Llandudno Bay taken during training operations. Craig-Y-Don Paddling Pool is the oval feature at left end of North Shore beach. Main road running top to bottom is Conway Road. Llandudno railway station and goods yard is just visible to far right. On the reverse is handwritten '0900 hrs 18543 Mag N1 A/C N3'.</text>
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PGeachDG1605</text>
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MINISTRY OF HEALTH,&#13;
REGIONAL OFFICES,&#13;
17, BATH ROAD,&#13;
READING, BERKS.&#13;
18.5.43&#13;
My dear David,&#13;
Heartiest congratulations on becoming a “Damned Smart Officer” (the interpretation of D.S.O. by T. Atkins in former days).  I must apologise for delay in writing, as I saw the announcement in the Gazette on Saturday.&#13;
I trust that your wife and daughter are well.  Your parents seemed to be very pleased with them when they were staying at Brambridge.&#13;
There is not much news.  I am busy trying to make bricks without straw.&#13;
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Yours ever,&#13;
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              <text>ON HIS MAJESTY'S SERVICE&#13;
[Post mark]&#13;
&#13;
W/Cdr. D.W. Davidson [sic] D.S.O. D.F.C.&#13;
R.A.F. Station&#13;
Warboys.&#13;
Huntingdon&#13;
[page break]&#13;
AIR MINISTRY,&#13;
ADASTRAL HOUSE,&#13;
KINGSWAY, W.C.2.&#13;
18th  May&#13;
[underlined] My dear David [/underlined]&#13;
I heard of your achievements on my birthday! Nothing nicer could have come to me on this day.&#13;
Whether you like it or not; it makes me even more proud of you.&#13;
God bless you all three.&#13;
[underlined] Yours [/underlined]&#13;
Padre&#13;
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              <text>THE DAILY TELEGRAPH AND MORNING POST, TUESDAY, MAY 18, 1943&#13;
[photograph]&#13;
[inserted] 617 ‘Lanks’ [/inserted]&#13;
&#13;
This Morning’s War News&#13;
Tirpitz Sunk&#13;
29 Lancasters’ attack; three direct hits with 12,000lb bombs; battleship capsizes; one plane missing. (Pp 1 &amp; 6)&#13;
Battle of Germany&#13;
Germans quitting Metz: three forts abandoned (P1)&#13;
Germans attack all day to check Patton (P6)&#13;
Coal&#13;
Situation worse than ever. (P1)&#13;
Germany&#13;
Excuses but no Hitler for Germans. (P1)&#13;
Anglo-French Talks&#13;
Premier’s 100-mile drive in blizzard. (P1)&#13;
France to help in occupation of Germany; success of talks. (P6)&#13;
Arnhem Withdrawal&#13;
Men of Wessex made last stand (P3)&#13;
Russia&#13;
Red Army are closing on Budapest (P5)&#13;
&#13;
[photograph]&#13;
[inserted] 617 Groundcrew  “Josh” [/inserted]&#13;
&#13;
[photograph]&#13;
[inserted] “Duffy” [/inserted]&#13;
&#13;
BROKEN DAMS&#13;
To break dams and flood the country against an invader is a manoeuvre well known in the wars of freedom. WILLIAM THE SILENT baffled the Spanish as his descendant, our WILLIAM III., baffled the French by opening the dykes of Holland. So in this war the Russians blew up the great dam of the Dnieper to check the Germans. It is new tactics to flood the enemy’s country far behind his front. The onslaught of Bomber Command on the three biggest dams in Germany has shocked the Wehrmacht. The tone of aggrieved surprise in the German announcement that the dams were destroyed, “which caused floods resulting in heavy civilian casualties,” confesses that an unforeseen and disastrous blow was dealt to the power of Germany’s war machine.&#13;
The chief power house of the Reich, the Ruhr, requires enormous quantities of water to keep its coke ovens and its factories in production. Now that the 134,000,000 tons of water behind the Mohne dam have surged down the Ruhr valley the Wehrmacht will go short of urgently needed armaments. The industrial organisation of the Ruhr depends to a large extent on water transport, and from the 200,000,000 tons of water in the Waldeck reservoir the Ems-Weser canal, a main artery, was fed. With railways strained far beyond capacity, the mutilation of the canal system is a grievous disaster. There are secondary effects – damage to hydro-electric plants, factories, roads and bridges – not much less grave. Bomber Command have struck deep, and their achievement may well alarm the Reich. Successful air attack on a large dam was considered not long ago impossible. Germany will learn that other things outside the calculations of the Luftwaffe are now possible to the Allied Air Forces.</text>
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                <text>No 617 Squadron and the operation to breach the dams</text>
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                <text>Album page with three clippings, one from from The Daily Telegraph and Morning Post dated Tuesday May 18 1943 showing a number of Lancasters over a city, captioned '617 Lancs'. One summarising the news from around November 1944, including the sinking of the Tirpitz, and one summarising the effect of the dams operation. Two photographs, one with six airmen, grouped in front of a wooden building, captioned '617 Groundcrew', ' Josh'. The second a sergeant, in the countryside, captioned 'Duffy'.</text>
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                <text>1943-05-18</text>
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                <text>1944-11</text>
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                <text>One photocopied sheet</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>MFalgateD136896-160407-05</text>
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                <text>Royal Air Force</text>
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                <text>Royal Air Force. Bomber Command</text>
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                <text>1943-05-16</text>
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                <text>IBCC Digital Archive</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="172213">
                <text>This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal.</text>
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                <text>Germany</text>
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                <text>Germany--Ruhr (Region)</text>
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                <text>Steve Baldwin</text>
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        <name>Eder Möhne and Sorpe operation (16–17 May 1943)</name>
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        <name>ground crew</name>
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        <name>Operation Catechism (12 November 1944)</name>
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        <name>Tirpitz</name>
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