1 25 20 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/319/8277/MRaettigDW1136657-160623-010001.1.jpg d6c85804d7e4c7e890adb2b92219583a https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/319/8277/MRaettigDW1136657-160623-010002.1.jpg 1826fb110a7456340248efb7d65aa834 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/319/8277/MRaettigDW1136657-160623-010003.2.pdf 3ce6d853ae8eed88ef9273b550aa1726 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Raettig, Dennis Dennis William Raettig Dennis W Raettig D W Raettig D Raettig Description An account of the resource 72 items. The collection concerns the wartime service of Leading Aircraftman Dennis William Raettig (b. 1920, 1136657 Royal Air Force). Joining the Royal Air Force reserve in 1941 he trained as a flight mechanic (Engines) before being posted to 104 Squadron (Wellingtons) at RAF Driffield. This squadron number was later changed to 158 Squadron flying Halifax at RAF East Moor, followed by moves to RAF Rufford and Lisset. The collection consists of a memoir, correspondence with family and acquaintances, family history, service and personal documentation, lucky charms,personal items, cap, boots, squadron tie, research on bombing in Hull as well as photographs of air and ground crew and aircraft. It also includes an oral history interview with Joan Raettig (Dennis Raettig's wife). The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Sue Burn and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-06-23 2016-07-08 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Raettig, DW Transcribed document A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Transcription Text transcribed from audio recording or document AIR RAIDS ON HULL [underline] BOTH WORLD WARS [/underline] [page break] [newspaper cutting] Our Losses.- For the sake of those who have been abroad, and have never seen in print a summary of Hull experiences during the war, I reproduce them:- Actual raids, during which bombs were dropped - 82, People killed, about - 1,200, Treated for injuries, about - 3,000, Houses destroyed or damaged - 86,722, Total damage incidents - 146,568, People rendered homeless, permanently or temporarily - 152,000, Number of alerts, 815, Only 5,938 houses in the city escaped unscathed. In the seven raids of May, 1941, 423 people were killed, and 787 injured, 331 of them seriously; there were 845 fires in the city, not including those put out at the start and not reported officially. In that month alone some 30,000 signed on for duty in one branch or other of the Defence or Welfare services. [/newspaper cutting] [page break] [underline] AIR RAIDS. [/underline] 20/6/40. Barnsley, Buckingham, & Mersey Streets. – 20/6/40. Summergangs Road, Kelvin & Lodge Streets. – 30/7/40. Porter & Great Passage Streets. – 25/8/40. Carlton, Rustenburg, Holland and Morrill Streets. – 26/8/40. Alexandra and Victoria Docks. – 28/8/40. Maternity Home Lodge, A.F.S. Station, Hedon Road. – 30/8/40. Williamson, Bellamy Streets, Victoria Dock. – 3/9/40. In River East of King George Dock. – 5/9/40. Dalton and Tower Streets. (Incendiary only) – 6/9/40. James Reckitt Avenue, Chamberlain and Lambwath Roads. (Incendiary only) – 11/9/40. Telford, Kelvin, Steynburg, Margaret Streets, Woodgate Road. (incendiary only) – 24/9/40 Sutton Annex, Maybury Road, Belfield Avenue. (Incendiary only) – 13/10/40. Stoneferry, Kathleen Road, Maxwell and Woodhall Streets. – 22/10/40. Strathmore Avenue, Sutton and Silverdale Roads. – 1/11/40. Carlton Avenue, Delhi, Frodsham Streets, Pancreel Works. – 7/11/40. Flinton Grove, Preston Road, Marfleet Lane. (Incendiary only) – 8/11/40. Salmon Grove, Fairfax, Cranbrook and Ancaster Avenues. – 11/11/40. Marfleet Lane, Balloon Site, Maybury Road. – 12/12/40. Bankside, Air Street. (incendiary only) – 12/12/40. Hedon Road, Alfred Gelder and Paragon Streets. (Incendiary only) – 17/12/40. Greek Street, Woodlands Road. (Incendiary only) – 4/2/41. Goddard Avenue and Rear of. – 11/2/41. Jalldn [sic] Street. – 14/2/41. Glasshouse Row, Central Street. – 16/2/41 King George Dock. – 22/2/41. L.N.E.R. Line, Rowlston & Ellerby Groves. – 23/2/41. De La Pole Avenue, Clough and Hedon Roads. – 25/2/41. Kirby Street. – 26/2/41. Alexandra Dock. – 1/3/41. James Reckitt Avenue, Summergangs Road. – 4/3/41. Wincolmlee. – 13/3/41. Wyndham Street, Cottingham Road, Desmond and Chanterlands Avenue. – 14/3/41. Bean Street. – 18/3/41 Walker, Coltman Streets, Stepney Crossing, Fountain Road, Wincolmlee, etc. – 31/3/41. Ferensway, Prospect Street, Freedhold Street, Boulevard. – 3/4/41. Savery Street, Southcoates Lane, Inglemire Lane. – 8/4/41. 820, Spring Bank West, Kirklands Road. – 10/4/41. Victoria Avenue, Ella Street, Franklin, Abbey and Kent Streets. (Incendiary only) – 15/4/41. Hedon Road, Mainly East Hull. (I. Bombs in other areas) – 23/4/41. Glasgow Street, St. George’s Road. – 26/4/41. Lakeside Grove, Council Avenue & Rokeby – 27/4/41. Lynton Avenue, Anlaby Park Road South. – 3/5/41. “Fenners”, Marfleet – Alexandra Dock, Frodsham Street. – 7/8/5/41. Blitz. – 8/8/5/41. Blitz. – 12/5/41. Freehold Street, Clifton Street, Albert, Trafalger and Lister Streets. – 29/5/41. Hessle Road, Essex and Hampshire Streets (I. Bomb) – 2/6/41. Blenheim, Margaret Streets, Marlborough Avenue, Park Grove. – 23/6/41. Goddard Avenue, Lee Smith Street. – 29/6/41. Barnsley Street, James Reckitt Avenue, Endymion and Ceylon Streets. – [insert] 10/7/41 East Hull (Incendiary only) [/insert] – 11/7/41. Fenchurch, Folkestone, cave and Terry Streets, Francis Askew School. – 15/7/41. Ellerburn Avenue, Sidmouth and De Grey Streets. – 18/7/41. G.P.O. Alfred Gelder Street, George Street, Southcoates Lane, New Bridge Road. Mainly East Hull. – 23/7/41 Mainly East Hull. – 18/8/41. Holborn Mount, Little Great Thornton Street, Beech Avenue. – 31/8/41. Wellington Lane, Harlet, Ella Streets, Goddard Avenue. – [insert] 21/9/41 Priory Sidings, Hessle Road. [/insert] – 13/10/41. Edward’s Place, Humber Dock Street. – 8/11/41. Bean Street, St. Matthew and Queensgate Streets. 22nd November, 1941. RAW/MKS.2. [page break] 13/14/4/42 Willerby Rd., Woodlands Road, Springhead Avenue. – 1/5/42 Bank St., Victoria St., Railway South of Botanic Crossing. – 19/20/5/42 Scarborough St., Westbourne Ave., Sutton, Southcoates Lane, Alexandra Dock. – 1/8/42 Grindell Street, Victoria Dock. 9/8/42 Chanterlands Avenue. – 25/10/42 Anlaby Road. 20/12/42 Tunis St., Holderness High Road, Carden Avenue. – 3/1/43 Stoneferry. – 15/16/1/43 Marfleet Lane to Stanhope Avenue. – 24/6/43 Providence Row, Victor Street, Brunswick Ave., Newland Park. – 13/14/7/43 Ceylon Street, Rudston Grove, Trinity St., Leonard St. – 50 am 24/12/44 Flying Bombs [page break] [key to list: DAY – MONTH – DATE – CALL – DISMISS – REMARKS] [underline]1915.[/underline] Tuesday. May. 11th 8-10. 1-20. – Wednesday. May. 12th. 8-0. 1-45. – Friday. June. 4th. 11-15. 2-15. – Sunday. June. 6th. 11-20. 2-15. Raid. – Tuesday. June. 8th. 9-45. 1-0. – Tuesday. June. 15th. 9-20. 1-45. – Monday June .21st. 11-10. 2-20. – Sunday. July. 4th. 12-10. 3-10. – Tuesday. July. 13th. 11-30. 1-0. – Monday. August. 9th. 8-45. 3-30. – Tuesday. August. 10th. 11-50. 2-40. – Thursday. August. 12th. 8-20. 2-45. – Sunday. August. 15th. 11-45. 1-0. – Tuesday. Wednesd August. 17th. 8-40. 2-0. – Wednesday. September. 8th. 7-40. 2-20. – Saturday. September. 11th. 9-20. 11-35. – Monday. September. 13th. 8-20. 2-30. – Wednesday. October. 13th. 7-30. 4-45. – Wednesday. October. 27th. 8-40. 10-0. – Friday. November. 26th. 12-0. 1-15. [underline]1916.[/underline] Monday. January. 31st. 7-55. 2-18. – Thursday. February. 10th. 6-10. 9-0. – Sunday. February. 13th. 7-55. 9-5. – Sunday. March. 5th. 8-30. 2-45. Raid. – Sunday. March. 19th. 6-50. 12-50. – Friday. March. 31st. 8-55. 4-25. – Saturday. April. 1st. 8-15. 1-45. – Sunday. April. 2nd. No Call. [space] Over Hull. – Monday. April. 3rd. 8-0. 2-40. – Tuesday. April. 4th. 8-0. 10-5. – Wednesday. 5th. 8-35. 1-55. Raid. – Monday. April. 24th. 9-40. 4-15. – Tuesday. May. 2nd. 8-40. 3-30. – Friday. July. 28th. 12-0. 2-50. – Monday. July. 31st. 10-10. 3-40. – Wednesday. August. 2nd. 2-0. 3-15. – Tuesday. August. 8th. 10-40. 3-40. Raid. – Saturday. September. 2nd. 10-40. 2-40. Raid. – Saturday. September. 23rd. 8-30. 2-40. – Monday. September. 25th. 8-15. 3-30. Raid. – Sunday. October. 1st. 7-45. 2-40. – Monday. November. 27th. 8-45. 3-20. Reports heard. [underline]1917.[/underline] Tuesday. August. 21st. 1035. 3-35. Zepps. [Zeppelins] in vicinity at 1-20 and bombs dropped across the Humber and at Hedon. – Monday. September. 24th. 11-0. 5-10. Raid. – Friday. October. 19th. 6-50. 1-35. [underline]1918[/underline] Tuesday March 12th. 7-15 12-45. Raid. – Friday April 12th 9-15 3-30 Raid – Monday Aug. 5th. 9-45 2-0 Firing heard, 1 Zep destroyed. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Research on German bombing of Hull Air raids on Hull both World Wars Description An account of the resource Four documents. First a title page. Second a newspaper article summarising Hull's bombing experience in number of raids, people killed, houses destroyed or damaged, damage incidents, people rendered homeless and number of alerts. Notes that only 5938 houses escaped unscathed and gives casualties for seven raids in May 1941. Third a list of dates and street or areas where bombs fell from June 1940 to July 1943. Fourth a list of dates from May 1915 until August 1918 with call, dismiss and remarks. Nine remarks state 'Raid' and one states 'Zepps in vicinity and bombs dropped across the Humber and at Heden'. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource One title page, one newspaper cutting, one two page typewritten document and one single page typewritten document. Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Text. Personal research Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MRaettigDW1136657-160623-01 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Wehrmacht. Luftwaffe Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Yorkshire England--Hull Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1915 1916 1917 1918 1940 1941 1943 1943-05 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Robin Christian David Bloomfield bombing https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/880/11120/AHolthamJ180522.mp3 132e2f9745f136cd924b3faae6e66582 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Holtham, John J Holtham Description An account of the resource An oral history interview with John Holtham (1807076, 280924 Royal Air Force). He flew operations as a navigator with 487 Squadron. The collection was catalogued by IBCC Digital Archive staff. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-05-22 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Holtham, J Transcribed audio recording A resource consisting primarily of recorded human voice. Transcription Text transcribed from audio recording or document JM: This interview is being conducted for the International Bomber Command Centre. The interviewer is Julian Maslan. The interviewee is Mr John Holtham. The interview is taking place at Mr Holtham's house in Staffordshire on the 22nd of May 2018. John, I wonder if we could start the interview by you telling us a little bit about your background before you joined the RAF. JH: Yes. Right. I’ll start with my father if I may. JM: Please do. JH: He was born in 1900, the youngest of four brothers and by 1915 three of them were serving so he ran away from home, lied about his age and joined the Army. Well, luckily his father got him out of that but in 1917 he joined the Royal Flying Corps and trained and qualified as a pilot, went to France flying over the trenches when he was only still only seventeen but then they asked for volunteers to join the Royal Naval Air Service and he and his friend both volunteered, were sent back to Calshot and learned to fly Flying Boats which in those days were made of canvas over a wooden frame. And he spent the first of the war flying over the Channel. Then World War Two came along and he wanted to rejoin the RAF. Of course, in April of 1918 the two forces, the Royal Naval Air Service and the Royal Flying Corps had amalgamated but he was told that because he had been in the Royal Naval Air Service he had to go in the Fleet Air Arm. So that was what he did and he spent the rest of the war as the senior training officer at Yeovilton as he was considered too old to fly. Now we come to me myself and in 1941 they announced the formation of the Air Training Corps and as I’d been an Army Cadet I at once went to my headmaster and said, ‘Could we form a school company?’ And he said, ‘Yes, we could.’ Obviously, he was the CO and because I had some training I had instant promotion to flight sergeant. Now, in 1942 when I was seventeen and three quarters I went along to the Recruiting Office in Exeter to join the RAF but the flight sergeant said, ‘No. Go back to school and it will be to your advantage.’ Which is what I did and two weeks later a squadron leader turned up and interviewed me and offered me a place under the RAF University Entrant Scheme. They would send me to university for six months where I could study whatever subject I liked and at the same time take my preliminary exams with the University Air Squadron. So they sent me to Oxford. I went to St Edmund or Teddy Hall and read history and did my preliminary RAF training. So after six months early in ‘43 I was in the RAF proper. And after a few weeks we went to Heaton Park, Manchester where we were told what we were going to do and I was given the heading of navigator, bomb aimer, wireless operator. NBW. It was a very long training. The longest in the RAF but it did mean that we would be in small aircraft where we had to do everything except fly the thing. So first of all we went to Cranwell for an eighteen week radio course which mostly consisted of Morse Code. They did tell us how to mend the wireless but when you're going five miles a minute in ten minutes you’ve gone fifty miles and you're probably lost so the private advice was if it doesn't work hit it with your fists and if it still doesn't work leave it alone. So at the end of that course we were off to Heaton Park again and then across the Atlantic on the Mauritania, about three hundred of us and it took eleven days actually because we zigzagged by day and went straight by night and we arrived in New York. Then after Moncton and New Brunswick had our first taste of a Canadian winter. After a few weeks there it was down to 33 Air Navigation School at Mount Hope, near Hamilton and, for our navigation course. This was twenty six weeks. Longer than the normal navigator’s course as we made two flights as a navigator and one as a wireless operator. At the end of that we were given our wings and then they asked for two volunteers to go to the Operational Training Unit at Debert in Nova Scotia on Mosquitoes. Well, myself and my friend Geoff we both volunteered and we were the only ones that did so we got the job and we went after a leave we went up to Debert which was right in the middle of nowhere and we were paired up with our pilots and we did, I think it was eight weeks course there flying the Mosquito. My first flight in a Mosquito was when I was still nineteen. Then across the Atlantic again this time with twelve thousand American troops as company. We landed at Christmas Day. I remember we had K-rations on Christmas Day. Not the best thing in the world but the catering facilities must have been stretched to their limit with that number of people. And then we went to another OTU in England at High Ercall in Shropshire to get used to wartime conditions. And then they took away the radios from the Mosquito and gave us radar, Gee radar instead which was much better as you could fix your position with great accuracy on home on the end of the runway. After a course there it was off to France and we joined 487 New Zealand Squadron at Epinoy near Cambrai and the war was coming to an end and there was not a lot of opposition. Our job was Army cooperation and we, our chief targets were anything that moved on the ground. So we flew very low and just popped off at anything like a train or a lorry that was on the road. When the war came to an end the New Zealanders very quickly went back to New Zealand and I was transferred to 139 Squadron. Now one duty we had was to take a dispatch daily from Germany. Nuremberg back to England and we all took turns which gave us a chance to go into the war crimes trial and you dialled your language and you could hear an instant translation. In the dock was a German general and he was later hanged for crimes against humanity. They looked a very ordinary bunch of men but the, Goering stood out from all the others in a white jacket. I remember hearing Shawcross, the British lawyer say the same thing. There are, then I had another job as well at [unclear] which was editor of the local, of the newspaper. The station newspaper. We did one thousand five hundred copies a week with a pin up which necessitated my going to the Windmill Theatre in London. We had a crossword, we had leading articles and I believe they’re all stored at the Air Museum. After some time I was given a third posting and this time up to, further in Germany at Lunenberg, near the frontier with East Germany. From there to the Maintenance Unit at [unclear] and was flying aircraft back to England to dump them. Have them broken up. So the longest trip I made there was just before Christmas in 1946 when the CO said he wanted turkey for everyone for Christmas and we flew to Northern Ireland. Think we landed twice to refuel. Brought four hundred pounds weight of turkey and flew them back to the station. This was the worst winter of the century and our final trip was down to Eindhoven where the aircraft froze solid and we were unable to go any further. I was discharged in 1947 and went back to university to take applied optics and joined civilian life. In 1951 I got married and also joined Auxiliary Air Force doing part time work teaching other people navigation. I left there in 1957 and my contact with the Air Force continued with the Royal Air Force Association which I’ve been a member for many years. I’ve been welfare officer, secretary and for many years chairman. I’ve now retired from all such things as I now feel that at my age I deserve to take things more easily. JM: John, thank you very much. Could we just go back over some of those points and just discuss them in a little bit more detail? I’d like to start on this occasion right at the early stage in your RAF career when you were being trained to operate the wireless and as a navigator. Could you tell us a little bit more about how that took place and how easy you found it to master those skills? JH: Yeah. Well, I already, I already had a good knowledge of Morse Code. We, we had to get your [air observer’s] badge you had to be able to Morse Code at twelve words a minute but with the RAF you had to have at least sixteen words a minute and I think we managed twenty two words a minute which is, a word is five letters so twenty two times five is over a hundred. More than one a second and you’d got so used to doing it that you could read a book and take it down at the same time. But it was something you never forget and even today seventy years later I can still remember the Morse Code but not as quickly as that. It was of limited use really because you don’t use your radio when you’re flying over Germany because it gives your position away and if your only message you receive are a change of target or a general recall. But in point of fact I never used it as such because we had Gee radar instead. JM: And Gee worked on the basis of receiving signals from a ground transmitting station. JH: Yeah. JM: Was it easy to use Gee? JH: Yes. Very easy. Yes. You had two little blips and you used to align the blips. I forget how you do it all now [laughs] but you could align the blips and push a button that gave you a reading and you could read off of the map exactly where you were or you could set on it the position of the end of your runway and then watch the two blips coming together and when they came together there you were over the airport. JM: Your time in Canada must have been very important in your formation as a young man. JH: Yes. I thoroughly enjoyed my time in Canada. It was an eye opener. Canadian society was much looser and not so rigid as English society and it’s, it’s a great country, Canada. I’ve been back many times since and it really is a great country. The one disadvantage of course is the Canadian winter and all those who can afford it and are retired go down to Florida for the winter. But if you’re, they say that the best part of Canada is the West Coast. British Columbia. Vancouver. Vancouver Island. And having been there I can see that it is. They even play cricket on Vancouver Island so it is home from home for Englishmen. JM: So, you convert on to the Mosquito. Tell us a little bit more please about what that aeroplane was like to operate and to learn to fly. JH: Well, it [pause] it was a very complicated aircraft. One forgets how complicated it was but it had, it needed a very experienced pilot to fly it. All the pilots had to have a minimum of one thousand hours and you had to cooperate. The pilot and the navigator had to cooperate exactly to get everything right. But navigating you had to have your position within a hundred of yards of the track and it was a question of whether you flew under high tension cables or over them and the landing speeds and take off speeds were very high for aircraft of the time, a hundred and twenty miles an hour. And it was a very fast aircraft for the day. It cruised at two hundred and seventy miles an hour. Well, a Spitfire cruised at two hundred and fifty. And it had a very high top speed but we never had to use because we only used it in an emergency and obviously it was very expensive on the engine and very expensive on fuel and you shortened your range tremendously if you go belting across at four hundred miles an hour. JM: Now, as a navigator you would have needed light in the cockpit to read maps or to do your work. JH: No. JM: But obviously that was a giveaway. So how did you get around that one? JH: No. There were no navigation lights but we had a little torch. A little round torch about an inch across and you put tissue paper over the bulb so that it wasn’t so bright. Apart from my training flights in Canada I never flew in an aircraft which had a navigator station with a table or things like that. They were always up sitting next to the pilot and just with a map on your knees. But you got very expert and they always say a man is not lost, merely unsure of his position. JM: But map reading at low level at high speed must be quite difficult to do. JH: Yes. It is more difficult. Yeah. JM: How did you go about that? What principles did you — JH: Well, you’ve got to do it constantly. You can’t turn away from it. That’s why you couldn’t take time off to repair a radio set. If you do that you lose very quickly your sense of where you are. But the maps were very detailed and so you could figure out names. At night of course it was a different matter. If it was a black night there was nothing you could see at all on the ground and you [pause] I don’t know how we did it but we did do it. JM: Now, your Mosquito was gun armed I understand. JH: Yeah. JM: Tell us a little bit about that. JH: Well, they had four machine guns on the nose and four twenty millimetre cannon underneath the fuselage all firing forwards. It was particularly used for ground support. Shooting at anything that moved on the ground. It also did bomb specified targets. Particularly if the Army had asked for them. Rather funnily I was collecting money for the RAF Association outside the supermarket in Stone. This man came up to me and said, ‘Where were you in July 1944?’ I said, ‘I was still training.’ ‘Well,’ he said, ‘Mosquitoes attacked our headquarters.’ I thought, ‘Oh dear.’ And then I realised he wasn’t English he was German [laughs] so I didn’t mind after all. JM: Because you were with 487 Squadron which was a New Zealand squadron with a tremendous history during the Second World War. You were aware of those traditions when you joined it I’m sure. JH: Oh yes. Oh yes. I mean the CO was a Wing Commander Kemp. He was flying in the Middle East and he didn’t want to stop flying. He knew they would stop him if his papers arrived back in England so he arrived to fly back so he arrived before his papers did so he could still go on flying and he had two DSOs and two DFCs. A very nice man he was. He was a peacetime veterinary surgeon and that’s what he went back to doing after the war. JM: I understand that the Mosquitoes on 487 attacked quite specific targets on at least two occasions. Can, can you just tell us a little bit about those attacks? JH: Yeah. Well, one of the most famous ones was the Amien Prison where they attacked the wall. An Australian squadron attacked the barracks and an English squadron was in reserve. The other one was the Gestapo Headquarters in Copenhagen where they were holding two of the Resistance fighters and torturing them for information and everyone gives way in the end. And they asked us to bomb it and even to kill them. To kill the agents. Now in point of fact they dropped a delayed action bomb which went straight through down to the ground floor killing the Gestapo but didn’t kill the two agents who managed to escape. JM: But there was a tragedy associated with that. JH: Yes. Some of the Mosquitoes bombed a girl’s school. But the Danish were very understanding about it. They didn’t blame them at all. It’s surprising but they didn’t. No. JM: Now, when the war was over you had the opportunity to participate in the Nuremberg trials which is something that history records but I have never met anybody who was actually associated with that. JH: Yes we — JM: Can you tell us more about that please? JH: We all got a chance of sit in. You went on the balcony and put some earphones on and turned the dial to English so that you got a simultaneous translation. And the, all war criminals were in the dock together. They looked a very ordinary set of men apart from Goering in his white jacket. And there was a German general in the box answering. Answering questions. It was all very slow paced. This trial took many months. Some were acquitted. Some got lesser sentences and some were condemned. JM: And executed. JH: What? JM: And executed. JH: And executed. Yeah. Yeah. Yes, the Americans had their own executioner. A master sergeant executioner. He executed over three hundred American servicemen during the war over here. JM: Good grief. JH: Yeah. That was for murder or rape. JM: Desertion or other criminal military offences. JH: Not desertion. No. They were nearly all murder or rape. JM: Was it? Was it? Yeah. JH: Of course, a lot of them rape cases were black and you do see pictures now of blacks serving in with the white services but of course they didn’t. No black men served in the white services. They were all separate units. They went to different pubs. There was no mixing at all. JM: But you, you did have black aircrew in the RAF. JH: Yes. On my navigation course we had two West Indian brothers and a Nigerian and we had no problem with that at all. JM: So there was no discrimination at that stage. JH: No. JM: You were all in the same uniform. JH: Not at all. No. No. They were nice chaps and we got on very well. I met one of the West Indians later on. I’d landed somewhere and he suddenly, saw him waving at me. He’d also come in to land there. So I don’t know where he’d been or what he’d been doing but they had normal duties. JM: Going back to your story you’ve mentioned that you were involved in bringing aircraft back to Britain for scrapping. There was no sense of holding aircraft for heritage in those days I gather. JH: None at all. No. The principal place we took them was St Athans which was in Wales actually and I’ve never seen so many Lancasters all lined up wing tip to wing tip. All going to the scrap heap. It’s a wonder we saved any at all but a lot of aircraft, many, many types of which none exist because we didn’t save any. I was surprised to see a Defiant the other day which I didn’t know any of those existed. It was a useless aircraft but [pause] easily shot down. JM: Yes. And, and then, you know you maintained your association with the Royal Air Force in to the 1950s. JH: Yeah. JM: You were saying that you were helping to train people to — JH: Yeah. JM: Learn the skills of navigation. How did you view the RAF changing in those post-war years? JH: Well, it was, it was still quite a considerable sized force back then. There were one or two hundred thousand people. Now it’s only thirty eight thousand. As I say everyone knows everyone else’s name, you know. It’s like a boy’s club of sorts. JM: Yeah. You have this marvellous model of the Mosquito here in your home. JH: Yeah. JM: It’s a wonderful model. You were telling me that the opportunity came to paint the spinners on the engines in a colour. JH: Yes. JM: Would you tell us about that? JH: All the squadrons were allowed to have different coloured spinners. Ours was a blue ring and all the front of it was polished bright metal. So we had to do that and the CO didn’t want the ground staff to do it. He said they’ll resent it so you got to do it yourself. JM: And that was hard work. JH: Not really but it wasn’t what we were accustomed to. JM: Now you didn’t maintain any contact with your pilot or the other New Zealanders after. JH: No. No. I didn’t I’m afraid. But my great friend Geoff he’d been sent out the Far East and we did correspond for a time but he lived at Nantwich which in those days was a long way away from where I lived and we never met. I met one or two people but not many. JM: No. No. No. Well, John, thank you very much for completing this interview with me. Thank you for all the information that you’ve given which is very detailed and very unusual and I’m sure it will go down in to the IBCC Archives and be of considerable significance to historians of the future. So thank you very much indeed. JH: Pleasure. What I didn’t mention and wasn’t going to was one of my friends up in Canada — Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with John Holtham Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Julian Maslin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-05-22 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Type The nature or genre of the resource Sound Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context AHolthamJ180522 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 00:27:33 audio recording Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Royal Air Force Royal Air Force. Bomber Command Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Norfolk England--Shropshire England--Oxfordshire England--Oxford Canada Nova Scotia France Germany Germany--Nuremberg New Zealand Nova Scotia--Debert Description An account of the resource At the age of 15, John ran away from home, lied about his age and joined the British Army. In 1917 he joined the Royal Flying Corps, qualified as a pilot and volunteered to join the Royal Naval Air Service. When the Second World War began, he joined the Royal Air Force and spent time as the senior training officer at RAF Great Yarmouth. In 1941, John joined the Air Training Corps and the following year he was offered a place on the RAF university entrance scheme for six months. He then went to Oxford to read history and undertake RAF training. After six months, he was able to re-join the RAF and went to Canada for a navigation course. He and a friend volunteered to go to an Operational Training Unit in Nova Scotia where they were paired with their pilots and did an eight-week course on Mosquitos. After another Operational Training Unit in Shropshire, they were posted to France, where they joined 487 Squadron. When the war ended John went back to New Zealand and transferred to 139 Squadron. In 1946, his next posting was to Nuremberg where he was involved in the trials. In 1947, he was discharged and went back to university. John got married in 1951 and re-joined the Air Force in a teaching capacity. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1941 1942 1945 1946 1947 1951 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Sue Smith Julie Williams Carolyn Emery Maureen Clarke 139 Squadron 487 Squadron African heritage aircrew crewing up Gee Mosquito navigator Operational Training Unit RAF Great Yarmouth training https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1313/18994/PStachiewiczM17010003.2.jpg c559b28f9b4462ae323ea51d19d139ea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Stachiewicz, Mieczysław. Album Description An account of the resource 58 items. An album of photographs, newspaper clippings and papers relating to Mieczysław Stachiewicz's escape from Poland through Romania, Greece, and France to Great Britain, and his tour of operations as a pilot with 301 Squadron from RAF Hemswell. The album also contains photographs of his friends and family. These items were digitised by a third-party using technical specifications and operational protocols that may differ from those used by the IBCC Digital Archive. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-01-19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Stachiewicz, M Transcribed document A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Transcription Text transcribed from audio recording or document [Photograph] Ojciec Julian Stachiewicz. [Photograph] Matka Maryla z Sawickich [Photograph] [Clipping] Pilsudski in Warsaw at the start of 1917 surrounded by his closest co-workers. From left to right: Julian Stachiewicz, Tadeusz Kasprzcki, Commander, Michał Sokolnicki, Walery Sławek and Wieniawa. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Photo 1 is a head and shoulders portrait of Ojciec Julian Stachiewicz. He is in uniform and is wearing many medals. Photo 2 is a half length portrait of a woman, Matka Maryla z Sawickich with her arms crossed. Behind is a garden. Photo 3 is a young man in uniform walking along a pavement. Item 4 is a newspaper cutting with a photo of six men, dated 1917. One of the men is identified as Juljan Stachiewicz. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Four items from a scrapbook Language A language of the resource pol Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PStachiewiczM17010003 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Title A name given to the resource Mieczysław Stachiewicz Family photographs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mieczysław Stachiewicz Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Teresa Boyes https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1230/19933/PRedgraveHC1518.pdf 88f705277b51129273207c6273bcc298 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Redgrave, Henry Cecil H C Redgrave Description An account of the resource 187 items. The collection concerns Henry Cecil Redgrave (743047, Royal Air Force) and contains his decorations, letters and photographs. He flew operations as a bomb aimer with 207 Squadron from RAF Waddington. He was killed 13/14 March 1941.&nbsp; <br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Pam Isaac and catalogued by Barry Hunter.<br /><br /><span>Additional information on Henry Cecil Redgrave is available via the&nbsp;</span><a href="https://internationalbcc.co.uk/losses/119457/">IBCC Losses Database</a><span>.</span> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-10-02 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Redgrave, HC Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thiepval Memorial Booklet Description An account of the resource A booklet (in the form of picture postcards) dedicated to the Thiepval Memorial and the missing of the Battle of the Somme. There are photographs of the unveiling of the memorial by the Prince of Wales on August 1st 1932. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource J Souillard Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1932-08-01 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 14 page printed booklet Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Text. Memoir Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PRedgraveHC1518 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant British Army Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. France France--Thiepval Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1932-08-01 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Maureen Clarke memorial https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1365/22893/PThomasAF20010008.1.jpg 2aa711295b8ed492fd48eb2513815690 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas, Arthur Froude. Album 1 Description An account of the resource An album containing 50 pages of photographs of Arthur Froude's family and his pre war career and service as a flight engineer with 90 Squadron. The album also contains family photographs dating from 1900. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Thomas, AF Transcribed document A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Transcription Text transcribed from audio recording or document [photograph] [photograph] Reginald Henry Thomas whilst serving in the Royal Flying Corps. Photo taken at Farnborough after his head operation. The scar is plainly visible over his right eye. 1916-18. [photograph] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reginald Thomas Description An account of the resource The first two are the same and feature Reginald in Royal Flying Corps uniform standing against a painted backdrop. The third is a group of 18 airmen arranged in a group in front of a wooden hut. Reginald is fourth from the left in the rear row. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Three b/w photographs on an album page Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PThomasAF20010008 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Hampshire England--Farnborough (Hampshire) Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1916 1917 1918 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource David Bloomfield Steve Baldwin Requires A related resource that is required by the described resource to support its function, delivery, or coherence. Workflow A completed RAF Farnborough https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1365/22894/PThomasAF20010009.1.jpg 8c4d879c274483477f623d8790d2c0ff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas, Arthur Froude. Album 1 Description An account of the resource An album containing 50 pages of photographs of Arthur Froude's family and his pre war career and service as a flight engineer with 90 Squadron. The album also contains family photographs dating from 1900. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Thomas, AF Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Reginald Thomas in hospital Description An account of the resource Photo 1 and 3 are the same. A group of three men and a nurse standing at the foot of a hospital bed. Photo 2 and 4 are the same. Reginald standing cross-armed with a dressing on his head. In front is a man on a bed and a third man seated. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Four b/w photographs on an album page Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PThomasAF20010009 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Royal Air Force Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Aldershot England--Hampshire Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1916 1917 1918 RAF Farnborough https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1365/22899/PThomasAF20010014.1.jpg e98747d9ef210775e97228438e5a6c42 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Thomas, Arthur Froude. Album 1 Description An account of the resource An album containing 50 pages of photographs of Arthur Froude's family and his pre war career and service as a flight engineer with 90 Squadron. The album also contains family photographs dating from 1900. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Thomas, AF Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fanny and Reginald Thomas Description An account of the resource Photo 1 and 3 are the same. A group of two men and two women. They are identified as Fanny, Reginald, Froude and Emily Thomas. Photo 2 and 4 are the same. Arthur's father, Reginald is standing in a garden holding a straw boater hat. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Four b/w photographs on an album page Language A language of the resource eng Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PThomasAF20010014 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1918 1920 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1381/23998/PChadwickR19010016.2.jpg 7f78b8dfcc3c369417b5c082cc622d66 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1381/23998/PChadwickR19010017.2.jpg 3afb57ec5d28686b77fcf1f32da66829 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chadwick, Roy. Pre 1920 Description An account of the resource 29 Items consisting of photographs of people, places and aircraft. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is property of Delphine S Stevens who has kindly granted the International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) permission to publish it. Please note that it was digitised by a third-party which used technical specifications that may differ from those used by International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive. It has been published here ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Avro 539 Description An account of the resource An Avro 539 Seaplane in shallow water with a man standing in front. On the reverse 'Crescent Studios, 61 High Street, Fareham, Hants No 21502, Designed by Roy Chadwick at 24 years old, kindly supplied and identified by Mr Lindsay Wilson of Hamble, with Bert Hinkler in the cockpit, Avro 1917 sea plane for Schneider Trophy'. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource One b/w photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PChadwickR19010016, PChadwickR19010017 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Hampshire England--Hamble-le-Rice England--Fareham Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Crescent Studios Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is property of Delphine S Stevens who has kindly granted the International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) permission to publish it. Please note that it was digitised by a third-party which used technical specifications that may differ from those used by International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive. It has been published here ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Chadwick, Roy (1893-1947) https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1381/24102/PChadwickR19020056.jpg 20486e494fdf680236e07f3379cf5474 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1381/24102/PChadwickR19020057.jpg af763e470a88b813737d5b6d9f18a93c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chadwick, Roy. Pre 1920 Description An account of the resource 29 Items consisting of photographs of people, places and aircraft. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is property of Delphine S Stevens who has kindly granted the International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) permission to publish it. Please note that it was digitised by a third-party which used technical specifications that may differ from those used by International Bomber Command Centre Digital Archive. It has been published here ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Avro Pikes at Hamble Description An account of the resource Three twin engine biplane aircraft in line on grass airfield with several men round each. In the background trees, On the reverse 'Avro Pikes at Hamble April 1917, designed by Roy Chadwick in 1915 at 22 years of age!'. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource One b/w photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PChadwickR19020056, PChadwickR19020057 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Hamble-le-Rice England--Hampshire Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/586/26729/SHorryM[Ser -DoB]v10013-0002-0001.jpg e31584c0cae2aa49643a4d638cc0aa94 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/586/26729/SHorryM[Ser -DoB]v10013-0002-0002.jpg 7577ac9f0c962564251607e0bc19daa3 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/586/26729/SHorryM[Ser -DoB]v10013-0002-0003.jpg 3b76ef47c3661b137fa1bc262bd047d5 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/586/26729/SHorryM[Ser -DoB]v10013-0002-0004.jpg 109ad787c75b7007d71b4e5b643ecfae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Horry, Margaret M Horry Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Horry, MA Description An account of the resource 20 items. An oral history interview with Margaret Horry, and her brother, Gordon Prescott's log book (1582098 Royal Air Force), documents and family photographs. She discusses her brothers' and husband's service during the war. Gordon Prescott flew operations as a wireless operator / air gunner with 12 Squadron and was lost without trace 7 January 1945. <br /><br />Additional information on Gordon Prescott is available via the <a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/119000/">IBCC Losses Database.</a><br /><br />The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Margaret Horry and catalogued by Barry Hunter. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-08-19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1917 York and 1918 Sheffield British Army Description An account of the resource Photo 1 is two civilians walking along a street. Photo 2 and 6 are the same. A group of 31 men and Women's Army Corps in five rows. Photo 3 and 7 are the same. Mary Ellen Stretton in a borrowed army uniform and two members of the Women's Army Corp. Photo 4 and 5 are the same. A group of 14 serving members of the Women's Army Corps (WACs) arranged in two rows. A sticker has handwritten '1918 Sheffield 1917 York Mother in Officer's Uniform 1918 York'. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Seven b/w photographs Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SHorryM[Ser#-DoB]v10013-0002-0001, SHorryM[Ser#-DoB]v10013-0002-0002, SHorryM[Ser#-DoB]v10013-0002-0003, SHorryM[Ser#-DoB]v10013-0002-0004 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant British Army Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Sheffield England--York England--Yorkshire Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1918 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1543/28528/PTansleyEH1632.2.jpg 0ddc5769aaa123909b7b98ddeecaae8e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tansley, Ernest Henry E H Tansley Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016-09-22 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Tansley, EH Description An account of the resource 98 items. <br />The collection concerns Pilot Officer Ernest Henry Tansley (1914 - 1943, 149542 Royal Air Force). He flew operations as a pilot with 57 Squadron and was killed 2 December 1943. Collection consists of photographs, letters, memoires, biographies, accounts of operations, logbook extracts and official/personal documents.<br />The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Anne Doward and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. <br />Additional information on Ernest Tansley is available via the <a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/122894/">IBCC Losses Database.</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Family including Ernest Tansley as a young boy Description An account of the resource Sitting family group with parents at either end and three boys in the middle. Male parent is wearing army uniform with peaked cap, female parent wearing coat and hat. Captioned 'photo is of the whole Tansley family. Dad (EH Tansley) is standing next to his mother, then young Fred in the middle, with big brother Albert, next to his father. Taken 1917'. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource One b/w photograph Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context PTansleyEH1632 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian British Army Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/743/31025/BCleggPVChadwickRv10001.2.jpg ffaa7f06eb330ece2262238334c4ff3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Clegg, Peter Vernon P V Clegg Description An account of the resource Eight items and five sub-collections. Main collection contains a log of Pathfinder operations from RAF Wyton 1943 -1944, histories of the Avro repair facility at Bracebridge Heath, and Langar, a biography of Squadron Leader David James Baikie Wilson, biography of Squadron Leader Lighton Verdon-Roe, a book - Test Pilots of A.V. Roe &amp; Co Ltd - S.A. 'Bill' Thorn, and two volumes of book - Roy Chadwick - no finer aircraft designer, Sub-collections contain a total of 29 items concerning the Aldborough Dairy and Cafe as well as biographical material, including log books for Alan Gibson, Peter Isaacson, Alistair Lang and Charles Martin. <br /><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1772">Aldborough Dairy and Cafe</a><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1768">Gibson, Alan</a><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1769">Isaacson, Peter</a><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1770">Lang, Alastair</a><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/1771">Martin, Charles</a><br /><br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Peter Clegg and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-07-02 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Clegg, PV Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Roy Chadwick - no finer aircraft designer - volume 1 (draft) Description An account of the resource The story of Roy Chadwick, Chief Designer of A.V. Roe & Co Ltd from 1919 to 1947, The aircraft he designed, and the lasting contribution he made to Britain's aviation industry. Covers chapter 1 - 15. Starts with early years and then a has a chapter for every two years or so highlighting Chadwick's activities and aircraft designed. Has many editorial annotations and b/w photographs. This item is available only at the International Bomber Command Centre / University of Lincoln. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource P V Clegg Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1997-09-21 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 214 printed sheets with text and b/w photographs Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Text. Personal research Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context BCleggPVChadwickRv1 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Royal Air Force Royal Air Force. Bomber Command Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Manchester England--Hampshire England--Hamble-le-Rice England--Lancashire Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Chadwick, Roy (1893-1947) Lancaster Lancastrian Lincoln Manchester York https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1908/36250/SPerryWRP1317696v60011.pdf 69a5157ce2cca7c1114dc6b69a4a2b27 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1908/36250/SPerryWRP1317696v60001.jpg ec720f97c988c3eac524aae97347bbbd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Perry, Pete W R P Perry Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017-07-19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Perry, WRP Description An account of the resource Sixty-nine items and an album sub collection with twenty-four pages of photographs. The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant WR Pete Perry DFC (1923 - 2006, 1317696, 146323 Royal Air Force) and contains his log books, photographs, correspondence, memoirs and documents. He flew operations as a pilot with 106 Squadron. The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Helen Verity and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. Transcribed document A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Transcription Text transcribed from audio recording or document [book cover] [page break] SHORT HISTORY --of— 106 SQUADRON [page break] [underlined] SHORT HISTORY OF NO. 106 SQUADRON [/underlined] No. 106 Squadron was formed at Andover in September 1917 and equipped with R.E.8 aircraft, its duties were those of an Army Co-operation Unit. After eight months at Andover, it was moved to Fermoy in Northern Ireland, where it was when the Armistice was signed, and where it remained until its disbandment in October, 1919 – it had by then been re-equipped with Bristol Fighters. Early records of the Squadron are meagre but there is nothing to suggest that the Squadron was ever in the front line and it does not appear to have any claim to distinction. In June, 1938, the Squadron was reformed at Abingdon and was under the Command of S/Ldr. W.C. Sheen. The original aircraft were Hinds, but Fairey Battles were later introduced and in September, 1938 the Squadron moved to Thornaby where it stayed until after the outbreak of war. By this time the Fairey Battles had been had been superseded by the Handley Page ‘Hampden’ and thus equipped the Squadron, after a short stay at Cottesmore, was moved to Finning in October, 1939. No. 106 Squadron was not immediately employed as a front line Squadron – it was not employed as such for over a year – but became an advanced training Unit and crew pool for Operational Squadrons of No. 5 Group. Its duties consisted of normal flying training, intensive night flying and an occasional North Sea sweep. Later, its curriculum was extended to include conversion of second pilots to Captains, moving target (Motor Boat) bombing and sundry other training commitments of a miscellaneous character. Owing to the constantly changing personnel – between 90 and 100 aircrew passed through the Squadron every week, making it little more than a clearing house – it was impossible to adopt any consistent policy as the large flow of aircrew for Operational Squadrons belonged to us on paper only. It was under these circumstances and against an historical background very far from inspiring, that No. 106 Squadron, then under the command of S/Ldr. R.D. Stubbs, DFC., was converted into a semi-operational unit and carried out its first sorties on 9th Sept. 1940. Three aircraft were sent ‘Gardening’ and the event was such as to arouse quite extrardinary [sic] enthusiasm and practically the whole camp – from Station Commander downwards, were present at the take-off. The primary object of this new policy was to provide No. 5 Group Squadrons with fully trained crews who had operational experience. Later, the posting of these experienced crews ceased and the Squadron was gradually built up to full strength with a view to itself being made fully operational. Throughout the winter of 1940-41 under the Command of first W/Cdr. W.J.H. Lindley and then W/Cdr. J.P. Polglaise, mining sorties were carried out regularly – with varying degrees of success and without incidents of special interest. On 25th, Feb. 1941, the Squadron moved to Coningsby and now almost at full strength, took its place alongside the other 5 Group Squadrons – admittedly the Cinderella in such gallant company and rather jealous of their ‘kudos’ but determined to make its way to the front. It was not long before this had been achieved. The first bombing raid was made on the 1st. March, 1941 – the target was Cologne. The first event of outstanding importance was on the night of 4 – 5th. April, 1941, when three aircraft made a fifty feet attack on the notorious German Warships which had recently arrived in Brest. In the face of fierce opposition, at least one 1900 lb. bomb scored a near miss on the Gneisenau. The Squadron won its first awards on this attack – Pilot Officer R. Waring winning the D.F.C. and Sergeant R. Purnell with the D.F.M. The price paid for such success as was achieved at the loss of the Squadron Commander, W/Cdr. J.P. Polglaise, who was one of the low-level attackers. [page break] Early in May, 1941, the Squadron was taken over by W/Cdr. R.S. Allen, DFC. and a little later was converted into a three flight Squadron. This enabled raids to be carried out with increased strength and throughout the summer we achieved, comparatively, a high standard of success with light losses. The targets on those summer nights were not very varied – they were chiefly in the Ruhr – but attacks were very frequent and on several occasions 20 aircraft were put into the air. Some excellent take-off times were achieved, too, the best being the despatch of fifteen aircraft in 9 minutes. On 24th. July, 1941, after several weeks of intensive training, formation of six aircraft led a daylight raid on the warships at Brest. The crews claimed to have straddled the Gneisenau despite fierce and accurate opposition – the formation remained unbroken and, although every aircraft was damaged, all returned safely. For this magnificent work, W/Cdr. Allen was awarded the D.S.O. and awards were made to three other members of the crews. Later, the same formation (even the escorting fighter Squadrons admitted that it was good) made a daylight attack on Gosnay in occupied France. With the coming of the longer nights the targets could be varied and the enemy naval ports received frequent attention, as well as Berlin. The art of sea-mining was not neglected and amongst other operations of that type the most note worthy was the mining of Oslo by 14 aircraft, which were temporarily based at Wick. Several successful ‘sneaker’ raids were made, – these were great favourites amongst the more adventurous spirits – and other attacks which readily come to mind are those on the Huls Rubber Factory in December, 1941, and the smashing of the Renault Factory at Billencourt in March, 1942. In March 1942, the time came for the Hampden, rapidly becoming obsolete, to be replaced with the latest type of Bomber and the Squadron was re-armed with the A.V. Roe ‘Manchester’ as a transition stage to the final re-equipment with the four engine Lancaster. With the change over from Hampdens, accomplished very creditably in ten days without a single accident, there came a change in Command, the new Squadron Commander being W/Cdr. G.P. Gibson, DFC., who had already completed tour of operations on bombers and one on night fighters. The Manchesters were operated continuously throughout March, April and May, and despite the aircraft’s many shortcomings, no small measure of success was achieved. Lubeck and Warnemunde were amongst the targets attacked and aircraft were despatched on all four nights of the ‘blitz’ on Rostock. In addition to bombing, the Squadron’s mining activity was considerable – over 200 mines were laid which is a total greater by far than that laid by the Hampdens in 18 months. The Squadron was in the process of converting to Lancasters at the time of the first ‘thousand raid’ and, in fact, the first sorties with these aircraft were made against Cologne on 30th. May, 1942. 11 of the 16 aircraft despatched on that occasion were Lancasters – none were lost – which was no mean feat considering that the pilots had only an hours experience of them. A few weeks later 17 Lancasters and 2 Manchesters dropped 54 tons of bombs on Bremen, establishing a new record for one nights work. The size, scope and success of our bombing grew rapidly. Most readily there comes to mind the daylight attack on Danzig in July, 1942, which was followed by several mining sorties in that area and a bombing attack (using the 550 lb. C.S. bomb) on the Graf Zeppelin in Gdynia. On 31st. July, 1942 we set up a new record – 21 of our aircraft dropped 62 tons of bombs on Dusseldorf – the greatest weight ever dropped by a single Squadron. On this raid, too, we carried the first 8,000 lb. bomb. 2. [page break] During the fine nights of August and September, 1942, the intensity of our bombing continued unabated. We achieved still more excellent results, both in bombing and mining – specially in the latter when many mines were accurately laid in the Baltic, often under appalling weather conditions. Sometimes we were the only Squadron to operate on these missions and our reward was the frequently expressed appreciation of the Admiralty. Photography was coming into its own just now and in the number and quality of our pictures we were not lagging – holding a high place in Bomber Command and on two consecutive nights in September we took more photographs than any other Bomber Command Squadron. At the end of September 1942, we severed, temporarily at least, our connection with Coningsby and were transferred to Syerston. We arrived there with a good reputation and we were not long in living up to it. October, 1942, was a month of spectacular success for No. 5 Group and 106 Squadron was well to the fore. On 17th. October, 1942, ten aircraft took part in a daylight raid on Le Creusot and on 22nd. October, 1942, 12 aircraft bombed Genoa, which was our first incursion of Italian territory. Two days later, we went to Italy again, this time in daylight when 11 aircraft bombed Milan. Not a single aircraft was lost on these three raids. November, and December, 1942, were notable for the frequency of our attacks on Italian Targets – attacks which were usually highly successful and which produced an abundance of superb photographs. Germany was not forgotten, however, and in mid-January, 1943, two heavy raids on successive nights were made on Berlin. Mr. Richard Dimbleby the B.B.C. War Correspondent, flew on one of these and his story was subsequently broadcast to the World. In January 1943, a new Pathfinder technique (Wanganui and Parrametta) was introduced and the Squadron assisted in these experiments – usually five aircraft were supplied for attacks on Essen or Duisburg. The entire attacking force normally numbered no more than about 25 aircraft, and owing to the limited numbers the raids were exceedingly dangerous and unpleasant. The losses incurred were not light but these experiments led to the sudden smashing assault on 5th. March, 1943, on Essen – an attack which may well be regarded as a forerunner of the scores of concentrated assaults which were to follow on the Ruhr and elsewhere. Unusually fine weather enabled operations to be carried out with great frequency and the Squadron roamed far and wide over France, Germany and Italy. Many successes came our way. After having been second in January, we headed the No. 5 Group ladder in February and were second again in March. On a raid against Milan we obtained six aiming point photographs – a new Bomber Command Record which earned a congratulatory message from the A.O.C. In March, 1943, came a change of Command. W/Cdr. G.P. Gibson D.S.O. D.F.C., (he had won the DSO. And Bar for his brilliant work on the Squadron) was posted to form a new Squadron which subsequently achieved fame by its ‘Dam Busting’ raid. Be it noted that apart from W/Cdr. Gibson 25% of the pilots who reached the target were ex-106 Squadron. The new Commanding Officer was W/Cdr. J.H. Searby DFC, who had joined the Squadron as ‘B’ Flight Commander in October, 1942. Under his Command the Squadron continued to hold its high place amongst Bomber Command’s best Squadrons Nuremburg, Munich and Berlin, in March, Stettin, Spezia and the Skoda works in April were, perhaps, the most notable efforts. At the beginning of May, 1943, W/Cdr. Searby left us to take Command of a Pathfinder Squadron – he was shortly afterwards promoted Group Captain and was later to win the D.S.O. His successor was W/Cdr. R.E. Baxter. 3. [page break] Encouraged by the overwhelming success of the bombing of Essen, the avowed intention of Bomber Command was the destruction of the industrial Ruhr, and in May, the battle was joined in earnest. For three months the Ruhr was bombed ceaselessly and remorsely – enormous areas were devastated in each raid. Sometimes whole towns such as Wuppertal and Remscherd, were virtually eliminated in a single night. The Squadron was well to the fore in this series of grim, determined attacks which were met with fierce and desperate opposition. Many fine crews were lost but we may well be proud of our part in a battle which finally resulted in complete victory. At the end of July, 1943, Bomber Command started – and won – the Battle of Hamburg. In four attacks, startling in their ferocity and concentration – a vast tonnage of bombs was unloaded on a vital target. In less than a week Hamburg had been reduced to a smouldering ruin. In these attacks we sent 58 aircraft and dropped 240 tons of bombs. As a welcome variation of the almost nightly run to the Ruhr, a favoured few made a trip to North Africa by way of the R.D.F. factories at Friedrichshaven the first of the shuttle service raids. Later still, three crews made low-level attacks on an Italian power station. Raids on a miscellany of targets followed, outstanding amongst them being the attack on the R.D.F. and experimental at Peenamunde. The Squadron did extremely well on this raid – nine aircraft made the attack, two landing point photographs were taken, a fighter was shot down and not an aircraft was lost. September and October saw heavy bombing of Nuremburg, Munich Kassel and Leipzig. Hanover had several attacks as did Berlin – a preliminary round maybe? During this late summer and early Autumn period, the Squadron operated steadily and consistently. It had one bad spell and owing to repeated losses it was reduced to only seven aircraft but there were several fine performances, both by the Squadron as a whole and by individual crews. In November, 1943, after a years happy and successful residence at Syerston the Squadron moved to Metheringham, then a satellite of RAF. Coningsby and later embraced by the newly formed No. 54 Base. The camp was a new one – indeed, it was very far from complete. Apart from personal difficulties the obstacles to efficient operating were very real, not the least of which were the widely dispersed sites. Lack of transport, unpleasantly cold and wet weather, and a very large number of influenza victims. Despite these handicaps the Squadron rose to the occasion magnificently – on four of our first six raids we despatched more aircraft and dropped more tons of bombs than any other Squadron in No. 5. Group. Coincidental of our arrival at Metheringham, Bomber Command opened its night offensive against Berlin. It was an assault which resolved itself into a grim unrelenting battle against cunning and bitter defences and, not infrequently appalling weather. The Squadron was in the thick of the fray from the first raid on 17/18th. November, 1943 and during the next three months took part in 15 attacks on the Reich Capital. Including an attack in late March, 1944, we despatched 233 aircraft and dropped over 900 tons of bombs – it may be claimed with confidence that our contribution to the Battle of Berlin was not exceeded by any other Squadron in Bomber Command. There were, of course, other targets bombed during the 1943/1944 Winter. Leipzig, Magdeburg and Stettin are examples but even these targets were interwoven with campaign against Berlin, employed as they were to confuse the enemy defences. With the virtual elimination of Berlin, achieved in February, other targets were chosen – Schweinfurt, Augsburg and Stuttgart to name only three. 4. [page break] In March 1944, a most important development in Pathfinder technique was evolved and the Squadron assisted in the experiments which finally led to the ‘Spot-fire’ target marking. The Commanding Officer of the famous No. 617 sqdn was employing a technique of marking an objective from the very low-level and then instructing the bombing force to bomb the target in relation to its position to the spot fire. The objective chosen for the experiments were small but important factories in France – Claremount, Ferrand Rubber Factories, the explosives factory at Angouleme, the munitions factories at Bergerac. Six experienced Squadron crews would precede the 617 Sqdn. aircraft, locate the target and illuminate it with flares, in the light of which W/Cdr. Cheshire, in a Mosquito would drop the markers. There invariably followed a highly accurate bombardment (with 12,00 lb bombs), our own aircraft adding to the general destruction with loads of incendiaries. Very soon this technique was universally employed and without doubt was largely responsible for the countless successful attacks on targets, large and small, in the following months. At this time the Squadron was once more on the crest of a wave of success. For the first quarter of 1944, we were leading every other 5 Group Squadron by a handsome margin. Our accident rate was the lowest, our operational losses were proportionately less than those of any other Squadron. Our training hours were the highest by far, and for three consecutive months we won the 5 Group Bombing competition. In March, 1944, W/Cdr. R.E. Baxter, recently awarded the D.F.C., was posted and W/Cdr. E.K. Piercey assumed command. With the advent of Spring, the sole topic of war conversation was ‘Invasion’. Although it did not take place until June, the Squadron was busily employed in paving the way with attacks on lines of communications, military camps and munition factories in France – although German cities were not entirely neglected, two outstanding attacks in those on Munich and Schweinfurt in April. Considerable success was achieved and we assisted in the destruction of many vitally important targets. Anti-aircraft opposition was generally less intense than that experience in Germany and the majority of targets were accordingly bombed from a comparatively low level – between 4,000 and 10,000ft. Usually careful routeing enabled us to avoid the fighter packs – but not always. On two or three occasions the Squadron suffered heavy and bitter losses – five aircraft were lost on 26th. April, 1944, a few nights later another four failed to return. A total of 12 was lost in less than a fortnight. Sea mining was not neglected and the Squadron effected a remarkable performance on 9/10th. April, 1944, when three aircraft, in face of intense flack, laid mines from 150 ft. in the Konigberger See-Kanel. It may be remarked that my Lords of the Admiralty, as on previous occasions, were so delighted by the success of the operation and so impressed by the gallantry of the crews, that they were constrained to send their congratulations in terms so effusive as to bear no relation to their traditional unemotional silence. Towards the end of May our targets included Coastal Gun Batteries in France – targets obviously so important and urgent that the weather incredibly adverse was repeatedly defied. On the last night of May, for example, 12 aircraft took off to bomb the Maisy Gun Battery in a thunderstorm of unusual violence. Returning at dawn on 6th June, 1944, having bombed the Coastal Gun Battery at St. Pierre Du Mont our crews saw some of the vast armada of ships heading for the Normandy Coast. “D.Day” had arrived and it heralded a period of intensive work by the Squadron – that same night 16 aircraft were making a low level attack on the bridges at Caen. Broadly, the Squadron was employed during the ensuing weeks on two missions – firstly, tactically and strategic bombing in accordance with military requirements, secondly in the assaults upon the Flying Bomb Dumps. 5. [page break] By day and night, the Squadron operated consistently. It is impossible to record the many targets which we bombed with repeated success – they were targets of priority which mostly had a bearing of military operations. At first, they were confined to Railway Yards – Orleans, Poitiers, Nantes, Nevers and Vitry le Francois, are a few which come readily to mind. Occasionally we were called into assist the Ground Forces, notable occasions being the obliteration of Aunay-sur-Odon and whatever enemy Panzer divisions which were sheltering there, and the tremendous bombing on Caen on 18th. July. Special mention must be made of the daylight bombing of St. Syr Air Park when all 20 crews taking part obtained aiming point pictures. Soon after the invasion, the enemy launched against London and the Southern Counties, his much heralded ‘Secret Weapon’ campaign – his missile becoming known, officially as the Flying Bomb. A.D.G.B. and the A.A. defences shot down enormous numbers whilst Bomber Command sought out the launching sites, and deluged them with incredible quantity of bombs. No. 106 Squadron was seen in action against these sites and dumps and took part in four night and nine daylight attacks upon them. Sometimes, especially at night, large fighter forces were deployed to protect the objectives and against the St. Leu De’Esseraunt dump, the Squadron lost two aircraft on 4th. July and two nights later lost another five. In all other cases, however, the attacks were completed without loss. August 1944 was a month of high endeavour and was a splendid climax to our great efforts of the past few months. In the first half of the month we operated on no fewer than eight days and five nights, our targets ranging from Flying Bomb Dumps to German industrial centres, from enemy troop concentrations to submarine pens, from airfields to marshalling yards. The month ended with notable mining sorties and two devastating attacks on Konigsburg. The last of which saw the loss of the Station Commander, G/Capt. W.N. McKechnie, G.C. who was taking a new crew on their first operational flight. During this month of consistent achievement, the Squadron despatched 291 aircraft and dropped 1199 tons of bombs – no other Squadron in 5 Group has despatched so many aircraft or dropped such a tonnage of bombs in any single month of the War. On this triumphant note, the Squadron entered its fifth year of Operational flying. At the end of August, 1944, W/Cdr. M.M.J. Stevens assumed Command of the Squadron, he was the Squadron’s tenth wartime Commanding Officer. The return of the longer nights saw the Squadron turning away from the Military targets to the Strategical targets of pre-invasion days. The month saw more incendiary raids on major German cities such as Stuttgart, Karlsruhe, Muchen Gladbach to name a few. On 13th September, 1944, the Squadron received a great compliment, it was allotted the task of training all the new crews of No. 5 Group’s Pathfinder Squadrons. This meant that only a nucleus of six permanent crews were kept, the rest, after a period of intensive training and operating were passed on to 83 and 97 Squadrons, and it was expected that this would cause a drop in the Squadron’s operational effort. The month of October, 1944 saw the Squadron back in its old stride, despite its commitments as a nursery for P.F.F. Its targets were again getting deep into Germany, and again all strategical targets. Only two military targets were attacked, one was the breaching of the Sea Wall at Westkappelle on the island of Walcheren. 6. [page break] Mining was not neglected this month, the Squadron dropping a total of 100 mines in three nights. November, 1944, saw the attacks against the Dortmund Ems Canal and Millteland Canal increasing. The Squadron taking part in raids on them at various points, on the first of these one aircraft, JB.663 completed its 100th sortie. On November, 23. 1944, the Squadron created a New Record; on the raid against Munich it had 23 aircraft airborne, all of which successfully completed their missions and returned to Base, the aircraft being landed on F.I.D.O. due to bad visibility. In the next month, December, 1944, the Squadron was busy attacking the German Navy, both with mines and bombs. On December, 13th 1944, 106 Squadron with the rest of 54 Base (617, 83 and 97) took part in a strike against the Emden at Horten. On December, 16th. 1944, 15 aircraft of the Squadron were the only aircraft in command of operations, they dropped 70 mines in the entrances to the Ports of Danzig and Gydnia. A heavy but successful year ended with the bombing of enemy troop concentrations at Houffalaize when the German Ardennesoffensive was at its height The Squadron could look back with pride over its achievements of 1944. In addition to its fine operational record and its new job of P.F.F. training, it had also held the 5 Group Trophy for the least number of avoidable accidents for nine months out of the year. The first day of 1945 saw two attacks on the German inland water system the Dortmund Ems Canal and the Mittland Canal, one by day and one by night , both of which were highly successful. The canals being completely breached at both places. The end of the month saw the start of the final battle for German oil, with two attacks, one to Leuna nr Leipzig and the other to Brux in Czechoslovakia. Again in Feb. 1945, the Dortmund Ems Canal was heavily attacked and the Germans having been given just enough time to get the damage cleared away and the breeches mended. The month included more mining, and attacks against oil targets, and the Squadron also participated in the historic attack on Dresden. On Feb. 8th. 1945, it was allotted another new role, being given the task of making a ‘spoof’ attack at New Brandenburg, while the rest of five Group was making an attack at Politz, about 70 miles away. The Squadron provided its own controller, marker leader, marking force, flare force and main force. The ‘spoof’ was a great success – helping to divert the enemy night fighters from the main attack – and was considered a good nights outing by everyone taking part. The immediate award of the D.F.C. was announced this month to Sqdn. Commander, W/Cdr. M.M.J. Stevens. March 1945, produced another new innovation for Bomber Command, the thousand bomber daylight attacks on Essen and Dortmund. In both of these 106 Squadron played its part. These were essential military attacks, and greatly assisted the coming allied offensive, for the crossing of the Rhine. The rest of the month was taken up with increasingly heavy attacks against the German Oil supplies – mostly in the Leipzig area. On 15th. March 1945, W/Cdr. L.G. Levis assumed Command of the Squadron W/Cd. M.M. Stevens, D.F.C. being posted to the Command of R.A.F. Station, Coningsby. 7. [page break] The month of April, 1945, commenced with a daylight attack on enemy concentrations at Nordhausen. This was quickly followed by more attacks on enemy oil installations, on one of which the Squadron Commander W/Cdr. Levis had to do a forced landing at Wing, after being well and truly ‘shot up’ The Squadron’s last sortie of the War was against small oil refinery at Tonsburg near Oslo, on 25th April, 1945. With the coming of May, 1945, the Squadron was standing by to help with operation ‘Exodus’ – and on May, 9th. 1945, when peace was at last a reality, 15 aircraft of the Squadron were at Rheine airfield, near the Dortmund Ems Canal, helping to evacuate released P.O.W. No. of Nights operated . . 496. Number of days operated . . . . . . 46 Total . . . . 542. Total number of sorties . . 5834 Total bombs & mines dropped . . . 17,781 tons Losses. . . 187 Aircraft. Enemy aircraft destroyed. 20. Probably destroyed . . . . . 3 Damaged . . . . . 29 Decorations awarded to members of the Squadron . . V.C. 1, DSO. 4, Bar to D.S.O 1, DFC. 144, Bar to DFC. 9, AFC. 1, DFM. 95, Bar to DFM. 5. Conspicuous Gall M.1. B.E.M. (Mil. Div.) 1. Total . . . . . . . . . . . 262. No attempt has been made in this short history to analyze the work the Squadron has been called upon to perform or to place such work in the vast frame work of Bomber Command’s activities. The foregoing pages strive merely to chronicle, simply, briefly and objectively the operational activities of No. 106. Squadron from its inception to May 9th. 1945 – the end of hostilities in Europe. 8. [page break] [underlined] SQUADRON COMMANDERS [/underlined] February, 1918 – Major E.A.B. Rice November, 1918 – Captain R. Duncan September, 1938 – S/Ldr. W.C. Sheen October, 1939 – W/Cdr G.R. Montgomerie June, 1940 – S/Ldr. R.D. Stubbs, DFC November, 1940 – W/Cdr. W.J.H. Lindlay April, 1941 – W/Cdr. J.P. Polglaise May, 1941 – W/Cdr. R.S. Allen, DFC March, 1942 – G.P. Gibson, VC. DSO. DFC. March, 1943 – W/Cdr. J.H. Searby, DFC May, 1943 – W/Cdr. R.E. Baxter, DFC March, 1944 – W/Cdr. E.K. Pearcy, DFC August, 1944 – W/Cdr. M.M.J. Stevens, DFC April, 1945 – W/Cdr. L.G. Levis. [underlined] AIRCRAFT FLOWN BY NO. 106 SQUADRON [/underlined] May, 1918 to January 1919 – R.E.8. Jan. 1919 to Oct. 1919 – Bristol Fighters June 1938 to July 1938 – Fairey Hind. July 1938 to May 1939 – Fairey Battle. May 1939 to May 1942 – Hampden May 1942 to July 1942 – Manchester July 1942 – Lancaster. [underlined] LOCATIONS [/underlined] 30.9.17 – Andover 21.5.18 – Ayr 30.5.18 – Fermoy 1.6.38 – Abingdon 1.9.38 – Thornaby 26.9.38 – Grantham 14.10.38 – Thornaby 2.9.39 – Cottesmore 6.10.39 – Finningley 8.2.41 – Coningsby 10.9.42 – Syerston 12.11.43 – Metheringham. 9. [page break] [book cover] [inserted][circled] 26 [/circled][/inserted] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of 106 Squadron Description An account of the resource A short history of 106 Squadron. Covers formation in world war one. Reformed in 1938 with Hinds and Battles. Equipped with Hampden at beginning of the war. Initially a advanced training unit. Became operational in September 1940. Describes early bombing operations and mentions commanding officers. Re-equipped with Manchester in March 1942 and the Lancaster in May. Continues with descriptions of operations through 1942 and 1943. Gibson handed over as commanding officer in March 1943. Mentions new pathfinder techniques being developed. Continues with description of operations 1943 move to Metheringham, operation in 1944, invasion, covers commanding officers throughout, operating as pathfinders. Concludes with description of events and operations in 1945. Gives data on operations, lists squadron commanders, aircraft, and locations. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1918 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Great Britain England--Nottinghamshire England--Lincolnshire England--Yorkshire Germany Germany--Cologne France France--Brest France--Gosnay Norway Norway--Oslo Germany--Berlin Germany--Lübeck Germany--Rostock Poland Poland--Gdynia Germany--Bremen Poland--Gdańsk Germany--Düsseldorf Germany--Essen Germany--Duisburg Germany--Hamburg Germany--Friedrichshafen Germany--Peenemünde Germany--Nuremberg Germany--Munich Germany--Kassel Germany--Leipzig Germany--Berlin Germany--Magdeburg Poland--Szczecin Germany--Schweinfurt Germany--Augsburg Germany--Stuttgart France--Clermont-Ferrand France--Normandy France--Orléans France--Poitiers France--Nantes France--Nevers France--Vitry-le-François France--Caen Germany--Karlsruhe Germany--Mönchengladbach Netherlands Netherlands--Walcheren Germany--Dortmund-Ems Canal Germany--Mittelland Canal Czech Republic Germany--Neubrandenburg Germany--Nordhausen (Thuringia) England--Oxfordshire England--Rutland England--Yorkshire Germany--Ruhr (Region) Czech Republic--Most France--Pas-de-Calais Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Royal Air Force Royal Air Force. Bomber Command Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Nine page typewritten document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SPerryWRP1317696v60011, SPerryWRP1317696v60001 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Steve Baldwin 106 Squadron 5 Group 617 Squadron Battle Berlin Campaign (23 August 1943 – 25 March 1944) bombing of Cologne (30/31 May 1942) Distinguished Flying Cross Distinguished Service Order FIDO Gibson, Guy Penrose (1918-1944) Hampden Lancaster Manchester mine laying Mosquito Normandy campaign (6 June – 21 August 1944) Operation Exodus (1945) Operational Training Unit Pathfinders RAF Abingdon RAF Coningsby RAF Cottesmore RAF Finningley RAF Metheringham RAF Syerston Ruhr Campaign (5 March – 10 July 1943) Tallboy target indicator training V-weapon https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1406/36598/SRosserLV745193v10002-0001.2.jpg 794e1033a9a81dc2f432ab456e78c51b https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1406/36598/SRosserLV745193v10002-0002.2.jpg a3567a783e35487c97a12ef5afdd6c66 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rosser, Lewis Victor L V Rosser Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-05-17 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Rosser, LV Description An account of the resource 154 items. The collection concerns Flight Lieutenant Lewis Victor Rosser (b. 1919, 745193 Royal Air Force) and contains his log books, a diary of his operations, notebooks, documents, correspondence and an album. He flew operations as a pilot with 35, 58, 51 and 115 Squadrons. <br /><br />The collection includes a <a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/2133">Photograph album</a> with photographs of people and aircraft, artwork cards, newspaper cuttings and documents. <br /><br /><br />The collection has been donated to the IBCC Digital Archive by Ann Godard and Joy Shirley and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hitler oder Roosevelt? Wem glaubst du? Description An account of the resource The leaflet contrasts Hitler’s repeated declaration on 16th March 1941 that Germany would achieve the final victory with that of Roosevelt on 16th [15th] March 1941, announcing America’s total commitment until total victory. A quotation is given from Hitler’s ‘Mein Kampf’, Chapter 13, describing the sheep-like docility of the German people. Quotations are used from Paul von Hindenburg in 1917 and Hitler in 1941, which suggested Germany would respond to American support with submarines and torpedoes. The article asks whether the ‘sheep’ should believe when they have been deceived twice. Language A language of the resource deu Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Two page printed document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SRosserLV745193v10002 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Germany Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1941-03-15 1941-03-16 1941 1917 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Sally Coulter Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Pending text-based transcription. Other languages than English Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945) propaganda Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882-1945) https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1697/39260/MPowellNI1896919-191029-310001.2.jpg d55409437784fb19dbd78d1c0a03126f https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1697/39260/MPowellNI1896919-191029-310002.2.jpg 61fee46fdbad3b08d97da6fb62cdb8cb https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1697/39260/MPowellNI1896919-191029-310003.2.jpg 45d9ac0e39a0fc0e733af686fbc0b9f2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Powell, Norman Ivor Powell, N I Description An account of the resource 262 items. The collection concerns Powell, Norman Ivor (b. 1925,&nbsp;1896919 Royal Air Force) and contains his log book, diary, target photographs, maps, photographs, correspondence, and two photograph albums. He flew operations as a flight engineer with 614 and 104 squadrons in North Africa and Italy. <br /><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/2207">Powell, N I. Photograph album one</a><br /><br /><a href="https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collections/show/2209">Powell, N I. Photograph album two</a><br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Brian Powell and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-10-29 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Powell, NI Transcribed document A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Transcription Text transcribed from audio recording or document STRIKE HARD! THE STORY OF 104 (Bomber) Squadron Royal Air Force [photograph] Robert Ginn MBE [page break] [blank page] [page break] STRIKE HARD! THE STORY OF 104 (Bomber) Squadron ROYAL AIR FORCE With best wishes Robert Ginn To Norman with best wishes Leslie Ward. (SKIPPER) N. I. Powell (FLT/ENGINEER) Top of the Pops [?] [indecipherable letter] Scott (BOMB AIMER) John Coole (W/OPERATOR) Doug Watchour (TAIL GUNNER) Robert Ginn MBE [page break] STRIKE HARD! This is the story of the men who served in the Squadron through two World Wars and precarious peace: from 1917, with gaps, to 1963. Created in 1917 for the first ever strategic bombing force, it went to war again in 1941. In action first against Germany and German-held Europe, it became one of the few RAF night-bomber squadrons to assist in the ultimate defeat of Italian and German arms in the Western Desert and North Africa, and, from Italy, the final downfall of the most evil regime of recent history. Perhaps the Squadron's finest hour was to be already in action on the night of the 23rd October 1942, when, at 21.40hrs, the guns commenced the Battle of El Alamein, that historic turning point. Disbanded in 1947, Stalin's cold war saw a brief reformation in 1955; rapidly shifting decisions on weaponry meant a further disbandment in 1956. The final phase came with reformation as a Thor Missile Squadron from 1959 to 1963. The author served as the Squadron's Engineer Officer from 1941 to 1944 and therefore experienced at first hand much of the unit's WW2 operational career. He has been at pains to get others to tell of their own experiences, believing that personal first-hand narrative is worth much more than some future historian's interpretations. ISBN 0 9515924 0 8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Strike hard - the story of 104 (bomber) squadron Description An account of the resource Front cover with photograph of two Wellington airborne in formation. Inside front cover with signatures. The book which covers from formation of squadron in 1917, Second World War and post war history up to 1963. This item is available only at the International Bomber Command Centre / University of Lincoln. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Ginn MBE Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1941 1942-10-23 1942 1943 1944 1947 1963 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Egypt Egypt--Alamayn North Africa Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Royal Air Force Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Printed book Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Pending review Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MPowellNI1896919-191029-31 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Sue Smith 104 Squadron Wellington https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-0001.1.jpg ce95df8ef2d938b6f89fc03cbaeb5fbd https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00020001.2.jpg 162a528275c7972bbffb7d6127cd751e https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00020002.2.jpg d3b64572f3da382c1114ec50a4b6295b https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00020003.2.jpg 4b7d67a377d7cf9036a38f195538e0df https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00030001.2.jpg 713b4984a56a25c939e84dbc64773bf4 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00030002.2.jpg a4a786f1c72963b0b3231c287b0adc94 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00030003.2.jpg 9272ab28b7e45cae62a510cd2ad27de0 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00040001.2.jpg 5a8e7ce4c292523e58db946186b15fd9 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00040002.2.jpg 25ede91625c906ed2632ef97915ba39f https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00050001.2.jpg d450605d5a514ca10161a0e990ad7a14 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00050002.2.jpg d3c9f873b46ea22edfb6973dd078f06c https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-0006.2.pdf 9ee72f12d8c9ebc553ee542d95ce5966 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00070001.2.jpg a5293a0b59069ac679982154104a9632 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00070002.2.jpg a5d4f3e60bd73c397863feb05aa231ca https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42678/SEllisEL183959v10036-00070003.2.jpg 41bc31f2a26d5339e69acf5f72c05009 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ellis, Ernest Lewis. Family album Description An account of the resource Sixty-eight items. Family album with multiple pages containing photographs of people and places as well as some documents, booklets, magazines as well as best wishes cards and post cards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-16 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ellis, EL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cards and calendar Description An account of the resource Top left - Christmas card with artwork holly on front. Inside 'from Ted & Clara to Harry, Lucy and children'. Bottom left - Christmas card with artwork thistle on front. Inside 'from Mr & Mrs Sharpe to Lucy'. Top right - grandson birthday card with artwork roses on front. Inside to Lewis - birthday greetings from grandma. Middle right - birthday greetings with artwork garden with flowers. Inside wishing many happy returns from Elsie. Bottom middle - 1917 miniature calendar with two pages foe each month with give events on specific days. At the end, general information on postage rates for various items, bank holidays and eclipses. Bottom right - Christmas card with artwork, swans on stream with bridge. Inside to Lucy. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1917 Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Artwork Physical object Text Text. Correspondence Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Five printed coloured cards and one printed booklet Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SEllisEL183959v10036 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030001.1.pdf 945b53a8ebd6ada5372327f1b2cc140f https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030002-0001.1.jpg de35fe96e6bf5e37070e141188eccc01 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030002-0002.1.jpg 0aed3cf13cd4ed39d7f865ae99188382 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030002-0003.1.jpg 6267d970af11ad268676415e031e7db4 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030003-0001.1.jpg d8ec77f7ce67fe1e32ee7b1eb3097898 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030003-0002.1.jpg c1ae96afd1135c23f2f2a6506a9700c3 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030004-0001.1.jpg 2cecafa5aaecbc5d92408da428cb5fed https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030004-0002.1.jpg b7715bc1c54d97e54831ba1b4b22af02 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030005-0001.1.jpg 88623f1d7c578bce516e6a245d6bb055 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030005-0002.1.jpg fd6d79d3ebf41d3b51e0b8b159da2756 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030006-0001.1.jpg eac50a802e5494720ad66ceae6def135 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030006-0002.1.jpg 6123660f5b836e75a07d9556bc6f130c https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2480/42683/SEllisEL183959v10039-00030006-0003.1.jpg dfa896a51fd4bd99749672b0fe4276e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ellis, Ernest Lewis. Family album Description An account of the resource Sixty-eight items. Family album with multiple pages containing photographs of people and places as well as some documents, booklets, magazines as well as best wishes cards and post cards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021-11-16 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Ellis, EL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Contents of soldiers pay book for use on active service Description An account of the resource Pay book for driver Harry Ellis attested in 1914. Gives some personal details, pay rates and payments from May 1915 to August 1917. Includes a will signed in May 1914. Includes envelope with seeds, blank field service post card, photograph of Prince Arthur of Connaught in uniform with personal details, document with terms of service for soldiers sent abroad signed by Field Marshall Kitchener and Christmas greetings card with artwork of soldier advancing with bayonet on rifle. Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1914 1915 1916 1917 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant British Army Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph Physical object Text Text. Service material Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Printed booklet with handwritten entries, envelope with seeds, printed post card, primed documents, printed b/w photograph, printed artwork Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Album documents page Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SEllisEL183959v10039-0003 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2652/47204/SButlerR102576v20006-0001.2.jpg c6e180e26e3c896be90e1efed8067b4b https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/2652/47204/SButlerR102576v20006-0002.2.jpg 65f582ca215699955f48349b08a47f87 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Butler, Bob Robert Butler R Butler Description An account of the resource 76 items. The collection concerns Flying Officer Robert ‘Bob’ Butler RAFVR (1914 – 1942, 958421 and 102576) and contains his log book, correspondence, documents, photographs and objects. He flew operations as an air gunner with 99 and 218 Squadrons before being presumed dead in the North Sea on 23/24 September 1942. <br /><br />The collection has been loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Jan Johnstone, Richard Heslop and Liz Heslop. Catalogued by Jan Johnstone with additional contributions by Paul Baguley, Verandar Yuen, Tsz Yau, Shwetal Patil, and Ami Wagner.<br /><br /> <p>Additional information on Robert Butler is available via the&nbsp;<a href="https://losses.internationalbcc.co.uk/loss/204033/">IBCC Losses Database.</a></p> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-07-12 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. Some items have not been published in order to protect the privacy of third parties, to comply with intellectual property regulations, or have been assessed as medium or low priority according to the IBCC Digital Archive collection policy and will therefore be published at a later stage. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal, https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/collection-policy. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Butler, R Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hitler oder Roosevelt? Wem glaubst du? Description An account of the resource The leaflet contrasts Hitler’s assertions of Germany’s final victory with Roosevelt’s announcement (March 1941) of the United States’ commitment until victory to supply immediate, all-out military supplies and food to Britain, Greece, China and governments in exile. A quotation is given from Hitler’s ‘Mein Kampf’, Chapter 13, describing the sheep-like behaviour of the German people. Quotations are used from Paul von Hindenburg in 1917 and Hitler in 1941, who suggested Germany would respond to any American support with submarines and torpedoes. The article asserts the German people are asked, like sheep, to believe a second time; a second betrayal. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Double-sided printed leaflet Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Pending text-based transcription. Other languages than English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context SButlerR102576v20006-0001, SButlerR102576v20006-0002 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1941-03-15 1941-03-16 1941 1917 Language A language of the resource deu Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Sally Coulter Hitler, Adolf (1889-1945) propaganda Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1882-1945) https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/1442/48747/BNashDCMNashDCMv1.pdf f3425a691bfccb0ffe82c3642b6ebd70 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nash, Dan Daniel C M Nash Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015-09-18 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Nash, DCM Description An account of the resource One item. This collection concerns Daniel Nash and contains a memoir covering his childhood, his Royal Air Force service and his retirement. It was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by Daniel Nash and catalogued by Andy Fitter. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Daniel Nash Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dan Nash memoir Description An account of the resource Born in 1916, Dan spent his early childhood in Kent with his grandmother before moving back to his parents in Fulham. He left school aged 16 to undertake a job with the Hudson's Bay Fur Company, where he met Joyce, his future wife. At the outbreak of war, the family moved to Teddington and on 24 February 1940 he and Joyce married. He joined the Royal Air Force as a wireless operator/air gunner, doing his initial training at RAF Blackpool and then his wireless training there and at RAF Yatesbury. In June 1941 he went to RAF Pembrey for his gunnery training. Dan crewed up at 27 Operational Training Unit at RAF Lichfield and was posted to 149 Squadron at RAF Mildenhall. In early 1942, the squadron converted from Wellingtons to Stirlings and Dan's crew were posted to 15 Squadron at RAF Wyton, taking part in the first 1000 bomber operation. Dan flew 30 operations to Germany, Holland and France and was then given an instructional post at RAF Kinloss before being sent to RAF Cranwell to become a signals officer. After more training at RAF Cosford, Dan was commissioned and posted to RAF Bottesford, RAF Metheringham and finally to RAF Chigwell, to set up a mobile wireless unit in preparation for the Allied invasion of France. A change of plan saw Dan and his unit travelling to Toungoo, 150 miles north of Rangoon, to set up a 'Y' Station listening to Japanese military communications. He heard about the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima in a letter from home. He arrived home in March 1946 and was demobbed. In 1947 Dan trained as a teacher and took his first post in a school in Middlesex where he was soon made Head of English. He moved school several times before retiring in July 1980. The memoir contains detailed descriptions of his personal and service life and also gives great insight into social and living conditions in southern Britain during the interwar years. A single appendix describes a world tour that he and his wife undertook to celebrate their golden wedding anniversary. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dan Nash Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1906 1916-09-20 1917 1919-12 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1932 1938 1939-09-03 1940-02-24 1940-08 1940-09 1941-06 1941-07 1941-11 1942 1942-04 1942-05-30 1942-05-31 1942-07-26 1942-08-06 1944 1946-03 1947-01 1949-04 1957 1965 1975 1980-07 1981-07 1985 1986-01-10 1990-02-24 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Australia New South Wales New South Wales--Sydney Queensland Queensland--Cairns South Australia South Australia--Adelaide Victoria Victoria--Melbourne Western Australia Western Australia--Perth Burma Burma--Toungoo China China--Kowloon Germany Germany--Ruhr (Region) Germany--Bremen Germany--Cologne Germany--Duisburg Germany--Düsseldorf Germany--Emden (Lower Saxony) Germany--Hamburg Germany--Helgoland Germany--Kiel Canal Great Britain England--Berkshire England--Maidenhead England--Cambridgeshire England--Carlisle England--Devon England--Plymouth England--Essex England--Gloucestershire England--Hertfordshire England--Berkhamsted England--Kent England--East Malling England--Lancashire England--Blackpool England--Lincolnshire England--London England--Middlesex England--Norfolk England--Nottinghamshire England--Shropshire England--Somerset England--Staffordshire England--Suffolk England--Surrey England--Farnham England--Wiltshire England--Yorkshire Scotland--Moray Wales--Carmarthenshire Netherlands New Zealand New Zealand--Auckland United States Hawaii Hawaii--Honolulu California California--Los Angeles Louisiana Louisiana--New Orleans Florida Florida--Orlando Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Royal Air Force Royal Air Force. Bomber Command Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Text. Memoir Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource One 68 page document Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Pending text-based transcription Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Andy Fitter Maureen Clarke Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context BNashDCMNashDCMv1 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive 149 Squadron 15 Squadron 27 OTU air gunner Air Gunnery School aircrew Anson anti-aircraft fire Blenheim bomb aimer bombing bombing of Cologne (30/31 May 1942) briefing crewing up demobilisation Dominie entertainment evacuation Initial Training Wing military living conditions military service conditions mine laying Morse-keyed wireless telegraphy navigator Operational Training Unit pilot Proctor promotion propaganda RAF Bottesford RAF Cosford RAF Cranwell RAF Hednesford RAF Kinloss RAF Lichfield RAF Linton on Ouse RAF Locking RAF Marham RAF Metheringham RAF Mildenhall RAF Pembrey RAF Uxbridge RAF Windrush RAF Wyton RAF Yatesbury recruitment searchlight service vehicle sport Stirling superstition target photograph training Wellington Window wireless operator / air gunner https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/3002/55225/MEdmondsonKD19030909-230421-010001.jpg 7b54bb08c00c15010570c0fe1ece5dc5 https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/files/original/3002/55225/MEdmondsonKD19030909-230421-010002.jpg 247cc6339b183054f89b4ed0472d779d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Edmondson, Kenneth Driver Description An account of the resource 16 items. The collection concerns Kenneth Driver Edmondson (b. 1903, Royal Air Force) and contains photographs and ac document. He served as Military Police at RAF Driffield. The collection was loaned to the IBCC Digital Archive for digitisation by John Edmondson and catalogued by Nigel Huckins. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-04-21 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Edmondson, KD Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Au pays qui nous a donné « La Liberté », nous rendrons la liberté To the country which gave us the ‘Statue of Liberty’, we will bring back liberty Description An account of the resource Au pays qui nous a donné « La Liberté », nous rendrons la liberté [to the country which gave us the ‘Statue of Liberty’, we will bring back liberty] The first page shows the Statue of Liberty in New York, noting that the Americans would bring back liberty to the country which gave them the Statue of Liberty. On the reverse is a message from America to the French people. As allies in 1917 with troops on French soil, it observes that America is once more an ally. It has taken 18 months to prepare and to abandon isolationism. French resistance helped Great Britain to prepare for the Battle of Britian and, in turn, gave America time to get ready. Marshal Pétain paid tribute to the American fallen in 1937. Continuing French resistance has meant the world is aware of its debt to France. The war will be won and peace will come. It urges the French to keep going. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. France Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Civilian Language A language of the resource fra Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Printed document Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context MEdmondsonKD19030909-230421-01 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This content is available under a CC BY-NC 4.0 International license (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0). It has been published ‘as is’ and may contain inaccuracies or culturally inappropriate references that do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Lincoln or the International Bomber Command Centre. For more information, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ and https://ibccdigitalarchive.lincoln.ac.uk/omeka/legal. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available IBCC Digital Archive Conforms To An established standard to which the described resource conforms. Pending text-based transcription. Other languages than English Temporal Coverage Temporal characteristics of the resource. 1917 1937 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Sally Coulter